CN107382958A - 一种度洛西汀中间体的结晶方法 - Google Patents
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- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/14—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen
- C07D333/20—Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen by nitrogen atoms
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- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种度洛西汀中间体(+)‑(S)‑N,N‑二甲基‑γ‑(1‑萘氧基)‑2‑噻吩丙胺草酸盐的结晶方法,该方法包括将(+)‑(S)‑N,N‑二甲基‑γ‑(1‑萘氧基)‑2‑噻吩丙胺和草酸在乙酸乙酯,甲苯或上述溶剂与水混合的体系中结晶;本发明还公开了上述结晶方法得到的新晶型。本发明结晶方法得到的颗粒度大,容易过滤且产品纯度高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种度洛西汀中间体的制备方法。
背景技术
盐酸度洛西汀于2004年8月被批准用于治疗重度抑郁症,糖尿病周围性经痛,纤维肌痛和慢性肌肉和骨骼痛,化学名为(+)-(S)-N-甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺盐酸盐,化学结构式如式II所示:
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺(简称度洛西汀噻吩醚)的草酸盐是合成盐酸度洛西汀的关键中间体,结构式如式I所示:
US5362886报道度洛西汀噻吩醚草酸盐经游离后,再从N上脱去一个甲基,与盐酸成盐后得到盐酸度洛西汀。度洛西汀噻吩醚草酸盐的纯度直接影响后续盐酸度洛西汀成品的纯度。
WO2004/56795报道使用乙酸乙酯作为度洛西汀噻吩醚草酸盐的成盐溶剂,由于该方法制备的中间体结晶状态差,容易包裹异构体杂质,且母液残留较多,所以分离得到的异构体杂质含量高,特别是式III所示的异构体。另一缺点在于此方法制备的度洛西汀噻吩醚草酸盐结晶较细,过滤时容易堵塞滤布,导致过滤困难,严重影响生产。
WO201079404报道使用乙酸乙酯和甲醇的混合液作为结晶的溶剂,重复上述方法虽能有效去除异构体杂质,但其结晶颗粒较细,不易过滤,影响生产。而且度洛西汀噻吩醚中间体的合成工艺中,一般使用的溶剂为甲苯等非极性溶剂,而上述专利在草酸盐成盐过程中引用了新溶剂,对溶剂回收套用造成困难,从而增加了生产成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐新的纯化方法,所述方法包括:
(a)将(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺和草酸在溶剂体系中结晶,得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐,所述溶剂体系为乙酸乙酯或乙酸乙酯和水的混合物,其中所述的草酸使用摩尔量是(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的1.5当量以上;或(b)将(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺和草酸在溶剂体系中结晶得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐,所述溶剂体系为甲苯或甲苯和水的混合物。
其中当使用乙酸乙酯和水的混合物或甲苯和水的混合物作为溶剂体系时,水的体积含量范围为0.2%~10%。
方法(a)中草酸的使用摩尔当量优选是(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的1.5~2当量。
方法(b)中草酸的使用摩尔当量优选是(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的1~3当量。
结晶的具体的操作方法可选自:将(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的乙酸乙酯或甲苯溶液滴加至乙酸乙酯、甲苯或水溶解的草酸溶液中;或草酸固体直接或分批加入至乙酸乙酯或甲苯溶解的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺中;或水和乙酸乙酯混合液或水和甲苯混合液溶解草酸后滴加至乙酸乙酯或甲苯溶解的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺中。
根据上述方法得到的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐可进一步根据现有技术提供的方法将其转化为度洛西汀或其酸式盐。
本发明还提供了两种新晶型:
根据方法(a)得到的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的新晶型,在本发明说明书中将其命名为晶型H1,其具有如图2所示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,其X-射线粉末衍射峰值以布拉格2θ角、晶面间距d和相对强度(以相对于最强射线的百分数表示)表征如下:
根据方法(b)得到的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的新晶型,在本发明说明书中将其命名为晶型H2,其具有如图3所示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,其X-射线粉末衍射峰值以布拉格2θ角、晶面间距d和相对强度(以相对于最强射线的百分数表示)表征如下:
本发明相对于现有技术的结晶方法具有以下优点:
得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐纯度高,颗粒度大,收率高,易过滤。同时以制备度洛西汀噻吩醚的反应溶剂为结晶溶剂,减少新增溶剂使用,操作方便,降低生产成本。
附图说明
图1:根据对比实施1制备的晶型的X-射线粉末衍射图。
图2:根据实施例1和2制备的晶型H1的X-射线粉末衍射图。
图3:根据实施例3和4制备的晶型H2的X-射线粉末衍射图。
图4:根据对比实施1制备的晶型的电子显微镜下显示的图片(放大100倍)。
图5:晶型H1的电子显微镜下显示的图片(放大100倍)。
图6:晶型H2的电子显微镜下显示的图片(放大40倍)。
具体实施方式
本发明的通用测试方法:
X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)仪器:
荷兰帕纳科X’pert Pro型:辐射源:铜靶在室温条件下扫描:电压:45kv,电流:40mA,起始2θ:2000°,扫描范围:3.0000~50.0000°,步长:0.017°,测量时间:50.2秒/步;
电子显微镜(FSEM):德国OLYMPUS,CX-31。
测定纯度和外标含量的HPLC分析方法:
色谱柱:XTERRA RP18 250*4.6mm,5μm;
流动相A:2mL三乙胺溶于500mL水中,用浓磷酸调pH 7.0
流动相B:乙腈流速:1.0mL/min柱温:30℃检测波长:230nm。
梯度表:
| 时间min | 流动相A(%V/V) | 流动相B(%V/V) |
| 0-5 | 90 | 10 |
| 5-10 | 90-45 | 10-55 |
| 10-26 | 45 | 55 |
| 26-31 | 45-90 | 55-10 |
| 31-40 | 90 | 10 |
测定对映体含量的HPLC分析方法:
色谱柱:CHIRALCEL OD-H 250*4.6mm,5μm;
流动相:正己烷:异丙醇:二乙胺=85:15:0.2(V/V/V);流速:0.5mL/min柱温:25℃运行时间:30分钟;检测波长:230nm。
参考实施例1
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的制备
在500mL四口烧瓶中加入18.5g(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-羟基-2-噻吩丙胺(0.1mol)和100mL DMSO,搅拌溶解后,加入8g氢化钠(60%含量),搅拌10分钟后,加热至60℃,搅拌1小时;在60℃下加入17.5g 1-氟萘(0.12mol),并保持此温度搅拌24小时,反应结束后加入200mL水,并用100mL乙酸乙酯萃取两次,合并乙酸乙酯层,用200mLⅹ2水洗两次,得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的乙酸乙酯溶液(纯度95.2%,异构体含量4.8%,外标折算含量29.0g,收率93.5%)。
参考实施例2
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的制备
在500mL四口烧瓶中加入18.5g(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-羟基-2-噻吩丙胺(0.1mol)和100mL DMSO,搅拌溶解后,加入8g氢化钠(60%含量),搅拌10分钟后,加热至60℃,搅拌1小时;在60℃下加入17.5g 1-氟萘(0.12mol),并保持此温度搅拌24小时,反应结束后加入200mL水,并用100mLⅹ2甲苯萃取两次,合并甲苯层,用200mLⅹ2水洗两次,得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的甲苯溶液(纯度95.4%,异构体含量4.7%,外标含量29.2g,收率93.9%)。
参考实施例3
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的制备
在500mL四口烧瓶中加入18.5g(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-羟基-2-噻吩丙胺(0.1mol)、13.4g叔丁醇钾和100mL甲苯,搅拌溶解后,加入17.5g 1-氟萘(0.1mol),升温至回流,回流搅拌8小时,反应结束后,冷却至60℃,加入200mL水,搅拌分层后,分出水层,水层用50mL甲苯提取,合并甲苯,用200mL水洗一次,得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的甲苯溶液(纯度90.6%,异构体含量5.8%,外标含量27.5g,收率88.4%)。
对比实施例1
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的制备
500mL三口烧瓶中加入11.7g草酸二水合物(1.0当量),和50mL乙酸乙酯,搅拌30分钟,室温条件下,往草酸的乙酸乙酯溶液中滴加参考实施例1制备的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的乙酸乙酯溶液,滴加完成后室温搅拌4小时,过滤,并用30mL乙酸乙酯淋洗,烘干后得到34.4g(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐(纯度98.2%,异构体含量3.2%,收率86.0%),X-射线粉末衍射图如图1,显微镜下显示的图片如图4所示。
实施例1
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的制备
500mL三口烧瓶中加入草酸二水合物,50mL乙酸乙酯,搅拌30分钟,室温条件下,往草酸的乙酸乙酯溶液中滴加参考实施例1制备的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的乙酸乙酯溶液,滴加完成后室温搅拌4小时,过滤,并用30mL乙酸乙酯淋洗,烘干后得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐,X-射线粉末衍射图如图2,显微镜下(放大100倍)显示的图片如图5所示。
使用不同当量草酸,结果如表1所示:
表1
| 草酸用量(当量) | 收率% | 纯度% | 异构体含量% |
| 1.5 | 92.2 | 99.2 | 0.65 |
| 1.6 | 93.4 | 99.4 | 0.60 |
| 1.8 | 93.6 | 99.3 | 0.64 |
| 2.0 | 93.5 | 99.4 | 0.67 |
实施例2
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的制备
500mL三口烧瓶中加入17.6g草酸二水合物(1.5当量)、50mL乙酸乙酯和一定量的水,搅拌30分钟,室温条件下,往草酸的乙酸乙酯溶液中滴加参考实施例1制备的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的乙酸乙酯溶液,滴加完成后室温搅拌4小时,过滤,并用30mL乙酸乙酯淋洗,烘干后得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐,X-射线粉末衍射图如图2,显微镜下(放大100倍)显示的图片如图5所示。
使用不同乙酸乙酯及含水量的体积百分比,结果如表2所示:
表2
| 乙酸乙酯/水(V/V) | 收率% | 纯度% | 异构体含量% |
| (99.8:0.2) | 92.4 | 99.2 | 0.55 |
| (99.5:0.5) | 92.8 | 99.1 | 0.55 |
| (95.0:5.0) | 90.8 | 99.3 | 0.54 |
| (90.0:10.0) | 89.2 | 99.4 | 0.53 |
实施例3
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的制备
500mL三口烧瓶中加入11.8g草酸二水合物(1.0当量),和130mL水,搅拌30分钟,室温条件下,往草酸的水溶液中滴加参考实施例2制备的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的甲苯溶液,滴加完成后室温搅拌4小时,过滤,并用30mL甲苯淋洗,烘干后得到36.2g(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐(纯度99.2%,异构体含量0.55%,收率96.3%)X-射线粉末衍射图如图3,显微镜下(放大40倍)显示的图片如图6所示。
实施例4
(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的制备
500mL三口烧瓶中加入11.1g草酸二水合物(1.0当量),和130mL水,搅拌30分钟,室温条件下,往草酸的水溶液中滴加参考实施例3制备的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的甲苯溶液,滴加完成后室温搅拌4小时,过滤,并用30mL甲苯淋洗,烘干后得到33.6g(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐(纯度98.6%,异构体含量1.0%,收率94.9%),X-射线粉末衍射图如图3,显微镜下(放大40倍)显示的图片如图6所示。
上述仅对本发明的优选实施例做了详细说明,本发明不限于上述实施例,任何对本发明的变换和变型都归属本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的结晶方法,包括:
(a)将(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺和草酸在溶剂体系中结晶,得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐,所述溶剂体系为乙酸乙酯或乙酸乙酯和水的混合物,其中所述的草酸使用摩尔量是(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的1.5当量以上;或者
(b)将(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺和草酸在溶剂体系中结晶得到(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐,所述溶剂体系为甲苯或甲苯和水的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述方法,当选自乙酸乙酯和水的混合物或甲苯和水的混合物作为溶剂体系时,水的体积含量范围为0.2%~10%。
3.根据权利要求1所述方法,方法(a)中草酸的摩尔量是(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的1.5~2当量。
4.根据权利要求1所述方法,方法(b)中草酸的摩尔量是(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺的1~3当量。
5.一种制备度洛西汀或其酸式盐的方法,包括将权利要1-4任一项所得到的(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐进一步转化为度洛西汀或其酸式盐。
6.(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的晶型,具有如图2所示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,其X-射线粉末衍射峰值以布拉格2θ角、晶面间距d和相对强度(以相对于最强射线的百分数表示)表征如下:
7.(+)-(S)-N,N-二甲基-γ-(1-萘氧基)-2-噻吩丙胺草酸盐的晶型,具有如图3所示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,其X-射线粉末衍射峰值以布拉格2θ角、晶面间距d和相对强度(以相对于最强射线的百分数表示)表征如下:
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