CN107372337B

CN107372337B - Method for raising ducks in forest

Info

Publication number: CN107372337B
Application number: CN201710742129.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高波; 何远昌
Original assignee: Jiaxing Daming Industrial Co ltd
Current assignee: JIAXING DAMING INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-08-25
Filing date: 2017-08-25
Publication date: 2020-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-25
Also published as: CN107372337A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry feeding, and particularly discloses a method for raising ducks in forest, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a forest land: selecting a forest which is leeward and exposed to the sun and has sufficient water source, and arranging fences around the forest; (2) constructing a duck shed; (3) variety selection: selecting duck varieties with delicious local meat quality, strong disease resistance and high survival rate; (4) feeding; (5) managing; (6) epidemic prevention and cleaning: periodically disinfecting the ducks for 1 time every week; cleaning the duck shed regularly every 3-5 days. By adopting the method to feed the ducks, the concentration of ammonia in the duck living environment can be reduced, and the ducks are prevented from being damaged by the ammonia.

Description

Method for raising ducks in forest

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry feeding, and particularly relates to a method for raising ducks in forest.

Background

With the gradual deepening of agricultural economy in China, particularly the development of understory economy, the understory duck breeding becomes more popular and popular with farmers, and the root cause is as follows: firstly, the under-forest duck breeding is an important link for the development of circular agriculture economy; secondly, the under-forest duck breeding can provide long-acting and high-quality fertilizer sources for various planting products such as trees, fruits, medicinal materials and the like in the forest land and improve the quality of the products; thirdly, the under-forest duck breeding is beneficial to environmental protection, and environmental disasters caused by intensive breeding are solved; fourthly, the duck breeding under the forest can effectively inhibit insect pests and weeds in the forest land planting so as to improve the yield per unit of planted products; fifthly, for farmers, the feed cost can be saved and the economic benefit can be increased for the farmers when the ducks are raised in the forest.

Breed the duck in the forest, put the duck in good care in the forest daytime, in the duck house still need be got back to evening, the excrement discharge action can take place for the duck in the duck house, the intestinal of duck is than short, the ammonia in the intestinal is discharged together during the excrement discharge, contains a large amount of unabsorbed protein in the duck excrement moreover, is corroded also to produce a large amount of ammonia by miscellaneous fungus, leads to the duck canopy ammonia to exceed standard, and the stink is very big. Particularly in autumn and winter, the duck shed has poor ventilation property and more obvious phenomena of heavy ammonia and large odor for keeping warm. When the ammonia concentration in the duck shed reaches 20ppm and lasts for 6 weeks, congestion and edema of the duck lungs, appetite reduction of duck groups and laying rate reduction can be caused; when the concentration reaches 50ppm, the duck can be caused to suffer laryngeal edema, necrotizing bronchitis, pulmonary hemorrhage and respiratory frequency reduction in several days, and death can be caused seriously; up to 80ppm and lasting for 2 months, can result in a 90% reduction in egg production and an increase in mortality; when the amount reaches 100ppm, the death rate is obviously increased, and the existence of ammonia has great threat effect on the growth of ducks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for raising ducks in a forest, which can reduce the concentration of ammonia in the living environment of ducks and avoid the ducks from being damaged by the ammonia.

In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for raising ducks in forest comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a forest land: selecting a forest which is leeward and exposed to the sun and has sufficient water source, and arranging fences around the forest; (2) constructing a duck shed: building a duck shed, wherein the duck shed comprises a duck shed body, a power unit and a water tank with an opening at the lower end, the duck shed body comprises a wall body, support legs for supporting the wall body and a bottom plate arranged at the lower part of the wall body, and the bottom plate comprises grid plates and side plates which are respectively hinged to two sides of the grid plates and can only be turned upwards; a cavity for mounting a water tank is formed in the wall body adjacent to the side plate, a piston is connected in the water tank in a sliding mode, the upper portion of the water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and a one-way water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe; a plurality of nozzles for washing the grid plate and the side plate are arranged on the side plate, a water outlet pipe is connected between the nozzles and the upper part of the water tank, and a one-way water outlet valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe; a septic tank for collecting duck manure is arranged below the grid plate, and the bottom of the septic tank is connected with a discharge pipe for conveying the duck manure to all parts of the forest; the power unit comprises a threaded column, a rotating ring and a motor for driving the rotating ring to rotate, the motor is fixed below the side plate, and the threaded column is in threaded connection with the rotating ring; a "" shaped push rod is fixed on the threaded column; one side of the push rod is fixed on the piston, and the other side of the push rod is contacted with the side plate; the threaded column is provided with grooves distributed along the length direction, and the support legs are fixed with bulges clamped with the grooves;

(4) feeding: disinfecting a duck shed, a forest land and the periphery of the duck shed one week before the duck enters the duck, cleaning the duck shed, the forest land and the periphery of the duck with clear water, and air-drying the duck shed; feeding and watering the ducks by adopting a feeder and a water fountain, wherein the feeder and the water fountain are away from the duck shed 1m day by day in the first week when the ducks are fed into the duck shed or in the forest, so that the duck group is gradually adapted to the environment in the forest;

(5) management: the duck groups are divided into one group at the age of 20 days, each group is released in the forest at different time intervals, the duck group with the smallest age in days is released for 90-120min every day, and the release time of the duck group with the age of 20 days in days is increased by 30-60 min; (6) epidemic prevention and cleaning: periodically disinfecting the ducks for 1 time every week; the duck shed is cleaned regularly every 3-5 days, and the motor is started when the duck shed needs to be cleaned, so that the motor moves upwards through the rotating ring and the driving threaded column and then moves downwards.

The working principle of the basic scheme is as follows: when the duck shed needs to be cleaned, the motor is started, the motor drives the rotating ring to rotate, the motor drives the threaded column to move upwards through the rotating ring, and the threaded column drives the push rod to move upwards together. Under the action of the push rod, the piston moves upwards along the water tank, the piston extrudes water in the water tank, the one-way water outlet valve is opened, and the water sequentially passes through the one-way water outlet valve and the water outlet pipe and is finally sprayed out from the spray head. In the piston upward movement, the curb plate upwards swings gradually round articulated department, and the curb plate of waffle slab both sides is close to gradually, and at this in-process, from shower nozzle spun water injection on the waffle slab, also spray on the curb plate relative with the shower nozzle, the duck excrement on squirting waffle slab and the curb plate of spun water flush, the duck excrement on the curb plate slides to waffle slab one side along the curb plate, falls on the waffle slab at last, and the duck excrement on the waffle slab shifts to the manure pit through the net. After the duck manure is cleaned, the motor is driven to drive the threaded column to move downwards through the rotating ring, the threaded column drives the push rod to move downwards together, the piston moves downwards under the action of the push rod, the pressure in the water tank is reduced, the one-way water inlet valve is opened, and external water can be supplemented into the water tank through the water inlet pipe. Meanwhile, as the push rod moves downwards, the side plates are gradually turned downwards under the action of the gravity of the side plates, and finally the original positions are recovered.

The beneficial effect of this basic scheme lies in:

1. the ducks are fed according to the steps, so that the ducks can freely move in the forest, the exercise amount of the ducks is increased, the meat quality of the ducks is compact, and the taste is better. When the ducks move in the forest, excrement and urine can be discharged, the duck manure contains a large amount of nutrition, and the soil is more fertile after absorbing the nutrition of the duck manure, so that the growth of the trees is facilitated.

2. The duck shed is special in structure, and duck manure in the duck shed can be automatically removed after the motor is started, so that the source of ammonia gas is eliminated, duck groups are prevented from living in an environment with high ammonia gas concentration, and the disease occurrence probability of ducks is reduced.

3. The motor drives the side plate and the piston to move upwards together, the side plate is turned, duck manure on the side plate can slide onto the grid plate, and then the duck manure is transferred into the septic tank through the grids of the grid plate. When the side plates are turned over, the pistons squeeze water in the water tank, so that the water is sprayed out from the spray heads, a power device is not required to be additionally arranged for pumping water, and the structure of the duck shed is simplified; the sprayed water can be sprayed on the side plates and the grid plates to wash away duck manure, so that the duck shed is kept clean.

4. After washing the completion, rivers on the curb plate can flow to grid plate one side along the curb plate, and rivers are finally transferred to the manure pit through the net of grid plate, and the bottom plate can resume the drying fast, does not need artificially to clear up the water mark, raises the efficiency.

5. In the process that the piston moves downwards, water in the water tank is supplemented, and the water does not need to be added into the water tank manually, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

6. The duck manure in the septic tank is finally discharged out of the septic tank through the discharge pipe, and the duck manure cannot be accumulated in the septic tank, so that ammonia gas is prevented from being generated and the environment of the duck shed is prevented from being polluted; the duck manure is discharged along the discharge pipe and finally distributed at all places of the forest, and the duck manure contains a large amount of nutrient substances, so that sufficient nutrition can be provided for the growth of trees, and the trees can thrive.

Furthermore, be equipped with the storage chamber on the curb plate, be fixed with the storage case on the storage chamber, the one side that the storage case is close to the grid plate articulates there is the discharge door, is connected with between discharge door and the storage case and makes the closed spring of check door. The in-process that the curb plate overturned upwards, shower nozzle spun water washs the bottom plate, and the fodder in the storage box gathers to the one side that articulates there is the discharge door gradually. In the side plate overturning process, the gravity of the feed cannot overcome the tension of the spring, the one-way door cannot be opened, when the side plate overturns to the highest position, all the feed is pressed on the one-way door, the tension of the spring is overcome by the weight of the feed at the moment, the one-way door is opened, and the feed is transferred to the grid plate from the storage box. After the duck shed is cleaned, the feed falls on the grid plate, the ducks can be eaten after returning to the duck shed, and the ducks do not need to be fed again by workers.

Further, the bottom of the septic tank is obliquely arranged, and the oblique angle is 30-60 degrees; the discharge pipe is connected to the inclined lower side of the bottom of the septic tank. After the duck manure shifts the manure pit, under the action of gravity, the duck manure slides along the bottom of manure pit, then assembles the slope downside in the manure pit bottom, gets into in the discharge pipe at last. The bottom slope of manure pit sets up, is convenient for make the duck excrement in the manure pit transfer to the discharge pipe in, avoids duck excrement to stop and produces the ammonia in the manure pit, pollutes the environment of duck house.

Furthermore, the discharge pipe is provided with a one-way door which can only be opened towards one side far away from the septic tank. The one-way door is arranged, when the duck manure in the septic tank reaches a certain amount, the one-way door is opened under the action of the gravity of the duck manure, and the duck manure in the septic tank can be transferred into the discharge pipe through the one-way door; and the ammonia that the duck excrement in the discharge tube produced can not discharge through the one-way door, avoids the ammonia to discharge the duck house, influences the environment of duck house. When producing more ammonia in the discharge tube, the atmospheric pressure increase in the discharge tube, the ammonia can promote the motion of duck excrement to keeping away from manure pit one side.

Further, the feed for feeding the ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28-45 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of rice bran, 8-15 parts of rice husk, 15-20 parts of tenebrio molitor, 4-6 parts of shell powder, 15-20 parts of water lettuce, 3-5 parts of ginseng leaves, 2-3 parts of turmeric, 10-15 parts of bean pulp, 5-10 parts of amino acid and 2-3 parts of salt. The feed prepared by the raw materials is rich in plant protein, animal protein, trace elements and the like, and can provide sufficient nutrition for the growth of ducks. Through long-term experiments of the applicant, the ginseng leaf and the turmeric are added into the feed, so that the immunity of the duck can be improved, and diseases such as intestinal tract infection and respiratory tract infection can be effectively prevented and treated. Most of the components in the feed, such as corn grit, rice bran, rice husk, eggshell powder, water lettuce, soybean meal and the like, have low price and wide sources, and the feed prepared from the raw materials is used for feeding ducks, so that the feeding cost is greatly reduced.

Further, the feed for feeding the ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of corn, 28 parts of rice bran, 12 parts of rice husk, 18 parts of tenebrio molitor, 5 parts of shell powder, 16 parts of water lettuce, 4 parts of ginseng leaf, 3 parts of turmeric, 13 parts of bean pulp, 7 parts of amino acid and 2 parts of salt. Long-term research shows that the effect of feeding ducks with the feed prepared according to the proportion is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the method for raising ducks under forest according to the invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: wall 10, cavity 11, leg 12, bulge 13, grid plate 20, side plate 21, storage cavity 22, septic tank 30, discharge pipe 31, one-way door 32, water tank 40, piston 41, inlet tube 42, one-way inlet valve 43, outlet tube 44, one-way outlet valve 45, motor 50, rotating ring 51, threaded column 52, groove 53, push rod 54, spray head 60, storage tank 70, discharge door 71.

Example 1

The method for raising ducks in forest comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting a forest land: selecting a forest which is leeward and exposed to the sun and has sufficient water source, and arranging fences around the forest;

(2) constructing a duck shed: building the duck shed, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the duck shed comprises a wall 10, a water tank 40, a bottom plate and legs 12, wherein the legs 12 are used for supporting the wall 10. The bottom plate includes grid plate 20 and two blocks of curb plates 21, and grid plate 20 fixed mounting is in the lower part of wall body 10, and two blocks of curb plates 21 articulate respectively in the both sides of grid plate 20, and when grid plate 20 and two blocks of curb plates 21 were located the coplanar, all laminated with wall body 10 around the bottom plate. The lower parts of the two sides of the grid plate 20 are respectively fixed with a stop block, and the stop blocks limit the movement of the side plate 21, so that the side plate 21 can only be turned upwards. The wall 10 adjacent to the side plate 21 is provided with a concave cavity 11, a water tank 40 is arranged in the concave cavity 11, the lower end of the water tank 40 is opened, and a piston 41 is connected in the water tank 40 in a sliding mode. The side plate 21 is provided with a storage cavity 22, a storage box 70 is fixed on the storage cavity 22, one side of the storage box 70 close to the grid plate 20 is hinged with a discharge door 71, a spring is connected between the discharge door 71 and the storage box 70, and the spring can keep the discharge door 71 closed under general conditions. The upper part of the water tank 40 is connected with a water inlet pipe 42, and the other end of the water inlet pipe 42 can extend into a nearby water source and can also be connected into a container for storing water; the one-way water inlet valve 43 is provided on the water inlet pipe 42, and when the pressure in the water tank 40 is reduced, the one-way water inlet valve 43 is opened, and the external water can be replenished into the water tank 40 through the water inlet pipe 42. A plurality of spray heads 60 are arranged on the side plate 21, a water outlet pipe 44 is connected between the spray heads 60 and the upper part of the water tank 40, and a one-way water outlet valve 45 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 44. When the pressure in the water tank 40 increases, the one-way water outlet valve 45 is opened, and water can be sprayed from the spray head 60, and the sprayed water can be sprayed on the mesh plate 20 and the side plate 21 opposite to the spray head 60. A septic tank 30 for collecting duck manure is arranged below the grid plate 20, and the bottom of the septic tank 30 is inclined at an angle of 30-60 degrees, in the embodiment, 35 degrees is selected. The lower inclined side of the bottom of the septic tank 30 is connected with a discharge pipe 31, the discharge pipe 31 is distributed at each part of the forest, one side of the discharge pipe 31, which is far away from the septic tank, is provided with a plurality of through holes, and part of duck manure in the discharge pipe 31 can be discharged from the through holes; the duck manure discharged from the discharge pipe 31 can be distributed at all places of the forest, and the duck manure provides nutrition for the trees in the forest, so that the trees can grow rapidly. The discharge pipe 31 is provided with a one-way door 32 which can be opened only to the side away from the septic tank 30, and the one-way door 32 is provided to prevent the ammonia gas in the discharge pipe 31 from flowing back to the septic tank. A motor 50 is fixed below the side plate 21, an output shaft of the motor 50 is connected with a bracket, a rotating ring 51 is fixed on the bracket, and the motor 50 drives the rotating ring 51 to rotate through the bracket. A threaded column 52 is connected to the rotating ring 51 in a threaded manner, and a "" shaped push rod 54 is fixed on the threaded column 52; the push rod 54 is fixed to the piston 41 on one side and contacts the side plate 21 on the other side. The threaded column 52 is provided with grooves 53 distributed along the length direction, the support leg 12 is fixed with a projection 13 engaged with the grooves 53, and the movement of the threaded column 52 is limited by the arrangement of the projection 13, so that the threaded column 52 can not rotate.

(3) Variety selection: selecting duck varieties with delicious local meat quality, strong disease resistance and high survival rate;

(4) feeding: disinfecting a duck shed, a forest land and the periphery of the duck shed one week before the duck enters the duck, cleaning the duck shed, the forest land and the periphery of the duck with clear water, and air-drying the duck shed; adopt feeder, drinking bowl to feed the duck and eat, feed water, the duck is gone into the duck house or is gone into the first week in woods, and feeder and drinking bowl are kept away from day by day from the duck house 1m, make the duck crowd adapt to environment in the woods gradually. The feed for feeding ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of corn, 28 parts of rice bran, 12 parts of rice husk, 18 parts of tenebrio molitor, 5 parts of shell powder, 16 parts of water lettuce, 4 parts of ginseng leaf, 3 parts of turmeric, 13 parts of bean pulp, 7 parts of amino acid and 2 parts of salt.

(5) Management: the duck groups are divided into one group at the age of 20 days, each group is released in the forest at different time intervals, the duck group with the smallest age in days is released for 90-120min every day, and the releasing time of the duck group with the age in days increased by 20 days is increased by 30-60 min; (6) epidemic prevention and cleaning: periodically disinfecting the ducks for 1 time every week; the duck shed is cleaned regularly every 3-5 days, and the motor 50 is started when the duck shed needs to be cleaned, so that the motor 50 moves upwards through the rotating ring 51 and the driving threaded column 52 and then moves downwards.

Example 2

Example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the feed for feeding ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of corn, 26 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of rice husk, 16 parts of tenebrio molitor, 6 parts of shell powder, 20 parts of water lettuce, 5 parts of ginseng leaf, 3 parts of turmeric, 13 parts of bean pulp, 10 parts of amino acid and 2 parts of salt.

Example 3

Example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the feed for feeding ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of corn, 30 parts of rice bran, 10 parts of rice husk, 18 parts of tenebrio molitor, 5 parts of shell powder, 20 parts of water lettuce, 5 parts of ginseng leaf, 3 parts of turmeric, 15 parts of bean pulp, 9 parts of amino acid and 2 parts of salt.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The method for raising ducks in forest is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) constructing a duck shed: building a duck shed, wherein the duck shed comprises a duck shed body, a power unit and a water tank with an opening at the lower end, the duck shed body comprises a wall body, support legs for supporting the wall body and a bottom plate arranged at the lower part of the wall body, and the bottom plate comprises grid plates and side plates which are respectively hinged to two sides of the grid plates and can only be turned upwards; a cavity for mounting a water tank is formed in the wall body adjacent to the side plate, a piston is connected in the water tank in a sliding mode, the upper portion of the water tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and a one-way water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe; a plurality of nozzles for washing the grid plate and the side plate are arranged on the side plate, a water outlet pipe is connected between the nozzles and the upper part of the water tank, and a one-way water outlet valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe; a septic tank for collecting duck manure is arranged below the grid plate, and the bottom of the septic tank is connected with a discharge pipe for conveying the duck manure to all parts of the forest; the power unit comprises a threaded column, a rotating ring and a motor for driving the rotating ring to rotate, the motor is fixed below the side plate, and the threaded column is in threaded connection with the rotating ring; a "" shaped push rod is fixed on the threaded column; one side of the push rod is fixed on the piston, and the other side of the push rod is contacted with the side plate; the threaded column is provided with grooves distributed along the length direction, and the support legs are fixed with bulges clamped with the grooves;

(5) management: the duck groups are divided into one group at the age of 20 days, each group is released in the forest at different time intervals, the duck group with the smallest age in days is released for 90-120min every day, and the releasing time of the duck group with the age in days increased by 20 days is increased by 30-60 min;

(6) epidemic prevention and cleaning: periodically disinfecting the ducks for 1 time every week; the duck shed is cleaned regularly every 3-5 days, and the motor is started when the duck shed needs to be cleaned, so that the motor moves upwards through the rotating ring and the driving threaded column and then moves downwards.

2. The method for raising ducks under forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side plates are provided with storage cavities, the storage cavities are fixed with storage boxes, one side of each storage box, which is close to the grid plate, is hinged with a discharge door, and a spring for closing the discharge door is connected between each discharge door and each storage box.

3. The under-forest duck breeding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of the manure pit is inclined at an angle of 30-60 degrees; the discharge pipe is connected to the inclined lower side of the bottom of the septic tank.

4. The method for raising ducks in forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharge pipe is provided with a one-way door which can be opened only toward a side away from the manure pit.

5. The method for raising ducks in forests as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed for feeding the ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28-45 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of rice bran, 8-15 parts of rice husk, 15-20 parts of tenebrio molitor, 4-6 parts of shell powder, 15-20 parts of water lettuce, 3-5 parts of ginseng leaves, 2-3 parts of turmeric, 10-15 parts of bean pulp, 5-10 parts of amino acid and 2-3 parts of salt.

6. The method for raising ducks in forests as claimed in claim 4, wherein the feed for feeding the ducks comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of corn, 28 parts of rice bran, 12 parts of rice husk, 18 parts of tenebrio molitor, 5 parts of shell powder, 16 parts of water lettuce, 4 parts of ginseng leaf, 3 parts of turmeric, 13 parts of bean pulp, 7 parts of amino acid and 2 parts of salt.