CN107353122A - A kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107353122A CN107353122A CN201710722802.7A CN201710722802A CN107353122A CN 107353122 A CN107353122 A CN 107353122A CN 201710722802 A CN201710722802 A CN 201710722802A CN 107353122 A CN107353122 A CN 107353122A
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PHLBKPHSAVXXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trazodone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(N2CCN(CCCN3C(N4C=CC=CC4=N3)=O)CC2)=C1 PHLBKPHSAVXXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003991 trazodone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C=NN=N1 FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance and preparation method thereof, including following raw material：Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, chitosan oligosaccharide, stigmasterol, earthworm hydrolyzate, new high fat film, glycine betaine, wetting agent, dispersant, water.Preparation method is：Prepare earthworm hydrolyzate；Add water in reactor, be heated to 40~50 DEG C, add salicylic acid and wetting agent, stirring reaction obtain solution A；Treat that solution is cooled to 30~40 DEG C, add stigmasterol, chitosan oligosaccharide and dispersant, stirring reaction and obtain solution B；Earthworm hydrolyzate, solution A, solution B and residual components are mixed, sterilizing is filling, obtains foliar fertilizer of the present invention.Foliar fertilizer of the present invention is by inducing resistance of the melon vegetables to powdery mildew, pollution caused by not only can significantly mitigating chemical agent, improve food security, it is alternatively arranged as the important supplement of disease-resistant variety application, and melon vegetables growth can be remarkably promoted, improving quality, yield is improved, be a kind of effective controlling powdery mildew approach.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to it is a kind of induce melon vegetables powder mildew resistance foliar fertilizer and its
Preparation method.
Background technology
Melon vegetables is one of important species of world's vegetables industry, mainly including cucumber, balsam pear, wax gourd, sponge gourd, pumpkin etc.
Ground family crop, occupy extremely important status in China's Vegetable production.With the continuous expansion of melon vegetables cultivated area,
The harm of various disease pests is on the rise, and wherein powdery mildew is one of fungal disease generally occurred in melon vegetables production, the disease
It can occur from seedling stage to harvest time.Because powdery mildew is multicycle fungal disease, short incubation period, a season of growth can
Breed more generations, and breeding potential is high, caused spore can be propagated on a large scale by air, and is repeated several times and is infected host, make blade,
Petiole, vines and fruit are infected, and have a strong impact on the normal growth and development of melon vegetables, reduce melon vegetables yield and
Quality.
For a long time, Agro-chemicals control and the disease-resistant product of seed selection are mainly taken in the preventing and treating in production to melon vegetables powdery mildew
The method of kind, the former easily causes residual hazard and environmental pollution, and difference often easily occurs in use for the resistance of disease-resistant variety
The degeneration of degree.Therefore, the cucurbits powdery mildew prevention and controls for researching and developing highly effective have important practical significance.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of blade face for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance
Fertilizer.Foliar fertilizer of the present invention is by inducing resistance of the melon vegetables to powdery mildew, caused by not only significantly can mitigating chemical agent
Pollution, improve food security, additionally it is possible to as the important supplement of disease-resistant variety application, and melon vegetables life can be remarkably promoted
It is long, improving quality, yield is improved, be a kind of effective controlling powdery mildew approach.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, include the raw material of following weight parts：Salicylic acid 1~4
Part, 2~8 parts of methyl jasmonate, 2~5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1~3 part of stigmasterol, 10~30 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, new high fat film 1~
13 parts, 1~3 part of glycine betaine, 1~5 part of wetting agent, 1~5 part of dispersant, 20~50 parts of water.
Preferably, a kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, the raw material of following weight parts are included：Bigcatkin willow
Acid 2 parts, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of stigmasterol, 23 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 9 parts of new high fat film, 2 parts of glycine betaine,
3 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of dispersant, 35 parts of water.
Preferably, the earthworm hydrolysis liquid and preparation method thereof is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into
Smashed to pieces in high-speed tissue mashing machine；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：1~1：3 add deionized water, are put into after mixing
In reactor, the watery hydrochloric acid for being 0.02mol/L with concentration adjusts pH value of solution to 6~8, and self-dissolving is carried out at a temperature of 53~58 DEG C
Hydrolysis, hydrolysis time is 49~53h；(3) it will be put into from the complete mixture of hydrolysis in centrifuge, be 4000 in centrifugal rotational speed
22~28min is centrifuged under conditions of~5000r/min, takes supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Preferably, it is a kind of induce melon vegetables powder mildew resistance foliar fertilizer, the wetting agent be lauroyl diethanolamine,
The one or more of coconut oil diethanol amine or AEO.
Preferably, a kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, the dispersant is desugar lignin sulfonic acid
The one or more of sodium, desugar condensation sodium lignin sulfonate or styrene acrylic.
Each composition mechanism of action of the present invention is as follows：
Salicylic acid：Salicylic acid is also known as septichen, is a kind of existing simple phenolic compound, energy in plant
Enough regulate and control some important metabolic processes in plant, activated plant disease resistance response mechanism, be that the signal of Plant defense responses divides
Son and induction plant generation system obtain the signaling molecule of resistance, directly induce the table of various plants PR gene
Reach, so as to improve plant to pathogen, such as virus, bacterium, the system resistant of fungi.
Methyl jasmonate：Methyl jasmonate is the endogenous hormones being widely present in plant, while is also a kind of signal point
Son, (such as arid, high temperature, high salt, heavy metal stress) is significant in terms of plant stress-resistance.Methyl jasmonate can induce
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine lyase (PAL) and protease suppression in the expression of plant defense related gene and plant
The change of preparation (PI, CI) activity, rebuilds the metabolism system of plant, so as to promote plant chemical defense and physics defends
Formed so that plant provides to itself and more protected.Secondly, methyl jasmonate can also be by inducing plant to reduce nutritive value
The plant incidence of disease is reduced with poisonous secondary metabolite is produced.
Chitosan oligosaccharide：Chitosan oligosaccharide is that one kind passes through β-(1,4)-glycosidic bond company by 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose or Glucosamine
Pick up the water miscible carbohydrate of low polymerization degree come.Chitosan oligosaccharide aboundresources, development cost is relatively low, is widely present Yu Haiyang segmental appendage and moves
In the crust of thing, exist in lower animal mushroom, insect, alga cells film and the cell membrane of higher plant, be on the earth
It is only second to the second largest living resources of string.Chitosan oligosaccharide can pass through the cell membrane of Powdery Mildew, enter its nucleus
It is interior to be combined with DNA, so as to destroy mRNA and protein synthesis, ultimately result in Powdery Mildew death；Secondly, chitosan oligosaccharide can also
Enough optionally chelated metal ions and trace element, are impacted to the normal physiological function of Powdery Mildew, so as to suppress white
The growth and breeding of powder germ.
Stigmasterol：Stigmasterol is also known as stigmasterol, is one kind of phytosterol, is present in each vegetable oil, vegetable seeds, flower
In powder, rich content in soybean.The unique molecular structure of stigmasterol is to maintain the basis of cell membrane stability.Secondly, stigmasterol
With the feature such as physiologically active is strong, nutritive value is high, while also there is anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anti-oxidant etc. effect.
Earthworm hydrolyzate：The protein content of dry matter of earthworm body is up to 70% or so, and has in earthworm alimentary canal more than 10
Kind proteolytic enzyme, can effectively be hydrolyzed using these proteases to the protein of earthworm body, and it is molten to obtain earthworm hydrolysis
Liquid, its nutritional ingredient is mainly made up of 18 kinds of amino acid and abundant small peptide, and the antibacterial peptide relative molecular mass in hydrolyzate
Less than 10000, there is strong bacteriostatic activity, extensive antimicrobial spectrum and heat endurance, can be entered with molecular state through cell membrane
In plant cell, easily it is absorbed by plants.Research shows that earthworm hydrolysis liquid energy effectively suppresses the mycelial growth and spore of Powdery Mildew
Sprout, so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding.Secondly, also rich in nutrient and dimensions such as potassium, zinc, iron, manganese in earthworm hydrolyzate
Raw plain A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin E, the nutriment such as vitamin C, abundant nutriment can be provided for plant,
Remarkably promote plant growth.
New high fat film：New high fat film can form one layer of invisible height frequently as transpiration inhibitor in crop surface
Molecule diaphragm, the water suction of optimization plant, breathe freely, light transmission qualities, shielding disease pest flutters food signal and weakens communication media, resists and anti-
Imperial natural disaster.New high fat film compounds with functional component of the present invention, can effectively reduce the loss of functional component, improves blade face
Fertile absorption rate, so as to significantly increase plant disease-resistant resistance, promote plant growth.
Glycine betaine：Glycine betaine is a kind of quaternary ammonium compounds, and a kind of atoxic osmotic adjustment, it is possible to increase
The osmotic adjustment ability of cell, the injury to cell membrane, enzyme and protein structure and function caused by permeating dehydration is reduced, is being adjusted
Adaptability of the plant to environment-stress is saved, improve plant has important physiological action to various stress factors resistances etc..
Wetting agent：Wetting agent can effectively reduce the surface tension of solution, improve solution in the wetability of leaf surface, be allowed to
Uniform spread, prevent pearl from falling, extend solution in the residence time of blade surface to ensure that vegetables fully absorb to nutrient.
Dispersant：Dispersant is a kind of amphipathic chemicals, can increase oiliness and aqueous components in same system
Compatibility, and the aggregation of solid or liquid particle in dispersion is reduced, so as to keep the relatively stable of dispersion.
A kind of preparation method of the foliar fertilizer of induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, comprises the following steps：
(1) earthworm hydrolyzate is prepared；
(2) add water in reactor, when being heated to 40~50 DEG C, salicylic acid and wetting agent are added into reactor, is stirred
0.5~1h of reaction is mixed, obtains solution A；
(3) when solution A is cooled to 30~40 DEG C, stigmasterol, chitosan oligosaccharide and dispersant, stirring reaction are added thereto
0.5~1h, obtain solution B；
(4) by earthworm hydrolyzate, step (2) resulting solution A, step (3) resulting solution B and new peak fat obtained by step (1)
Film, methyl jasmonate and glycine betaine are well mixed, sterilizing, filling, produce the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention with inducing the effect of melon vegetables is to powder mildew resistance composition to compound by a certain percentage, makes antipathogenic composition
Each composition not only can stably coexist in system, and have synergistic function between composition.Periodically using the leaf of the present invention
Leaven, resistance of the melon vegetables to powdery mildew is not only remarkably improved, reduces melon infected with powdery mildew fungus rate, can also kill vegetable surface
And the Powdery Mildew of compromised internal, prevent its further damage to vegetables.Secondly, foliar fertilizer of the invention contains abundant battalion
Form point, periodically spray this product, the growth of melon vegetables can be remarkably promoted, improving quality, improve yield.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, include the raw material of following weight parts：4 parts of salicylic acid,
2 parts of methyl jasmonate, 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1 part of stigmasterol, 30 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 1 part of new high fat film, 1 part of glycine betaine, lauroyl
1 part of diethanol amine, 5 parts of desugar sodium lignin sulfonate, 20 parts of water.
A kind of preparation method of the foliar fertilizer of above-mentioned induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, comprises the following steps：
(1) earthworm hydrolyzate is prepared：After taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed tissue mashing machine and smashes
It is broken；It is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：3 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, are 0.02mol/L with concentration
Watery hydrochloric acid adjust pH value of solution to 6, and at a temperature of 53 DEG C carry out self-dissolving hydrolysis, hydrolysis time 53h；Will be complete from hydrolysis
Mixture be put into centrifuge, centrifugal rotational speed be 4000r/min under conditions of centrifuge 28min, take supernatant, as earthworm
Hydrolyzate.
(2) add water in reactor, when being heated to 40 DEG C, salicylic acid and lauroyl diethanol are added into reactor
Amine, stirring reaction 1h, obtains solution A；
(3) when solution A is cooled to 40 DEG C, stigmasterol, chitosan oligosaccharide and desugar sodium lignin sulfonate, stirring are added thereto
0.5h is reacted, obtains solution B；
(4) by earthworm hydrolyzate, step (2) resulting solution A, step (3) resulting solution B and new peak fat obtained by step (1)
Film, methyl jasmonate and glycine betaine are well mixed, sterilizing, filling, produce the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
A kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, include the raw material of following weight parts：2 parts of salicylic acid,
5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of stigmasterol, 23 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 9 parts of new high fat film, 2 parts of glycine betaine, coconut oil
3 parts of diethanol amine, 3 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate of desugar condensation, 35 parts of water.
A kind of preparation method of the foliar fertilizer of above-mentioned induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, comprises the following steps：
(1) earthworm hydrolyzate is prepared：After taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed tissue mashing machine and smashes
It is broken；It is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：2 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, are 0.02mol/L with concentration
Watery hydrochloric acid adjust pH value of solution to 7, and at a temperature of 55 DEG C carry out self-dissolving hydrolysis, hydrolysis time 51h；Will be complete from hydrolysis
Mixture be put into centrifuge, centrifugal rotational speed be 4800r/min under conditions of centrifuge 25min, take supernatant, as earthworm
Hydrolyzate.
(2) add water in reactor, when being heated to 45 DEG C, salicylic acid and coconut oil diethanol are added into reactor
Amine, stirring reaction 0.7h, obtains solution A；
(3) when solution A is cooled to 35 DEG C, stigmasterol, chitosan oligosaccharide and desugar condensation sodium lignin sulfonate are added thereto,
Stirring reaction 0.7h, obtains solution B；
(4) by earthworm hydrolyzate, step (2) resulting solution A, step (3) resulting solution B and new peak fat obtained by step (1)
Film, methyl jasmonate and glycine betaine are well mixed, sterilizing, filling, produce the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
A kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, include the raw material of following weight parts：1 part of salicylic acid,
8 parts of methyl jasmonate, 2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2 parts of stigmasterol, 10 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 13 parts of new high fat film, 3 parts of glycine betaine, fat
5 parts of alcohol APEO, 1 part of styrene acrylic, 50 parts of water.
A kind of preparation method of the foliar fertilizer of above-mentioned induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, comprises the following steps：
(1) earthworm hydrolyzate is prepared：After taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed tissue mashing machine and smashes
It is broken；It is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：1 adds deionized water, is put into after mixing in reactor, is 0.02mol/L with concentration
Watery hydrochloric acid adjust pH value of solution to 8, and at a temperature of 58 DEG C carry out self-dissolving hydrolysis, hydrolysis time 49h；Will be complete from hydrolysis
Mixture be put into centrifuge, centrifugal rotational speed be 5000r/min under conditions of centrifuge 22min, take supernatant, as earthworm
Hydrolyzate.
(2) add water in reactor, when being heated to 50 DEG C, salicylic acid and aliphatic alcohol polyethenoxy are added into reactor
Ether, stirring reaction 0.5h, obtains solution A；
(3) when solution A is cooled to 30 DEG C, stigmasterol, chitosan oligosaccharide and styrene acrylic, stirring reaction are added thereto
1h, obtain solution B；
(4) by earthworm hydrolyzate, step (2) resulting solution A, step (3) resulting solution B and new peak fat obtained by step (1)
Film, methyl jasmonate and glycine betaine are well mixed, sterilizing, filling, produce the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, chitosan oligosaccharide, stigmasterol are not added in foliar fertilizer, includes the raw material of following weight parts：
23 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 9 parts of new high fat film, 2 parts of glycine betaine, 3 parts of coconut oil diethanol amine, desugar condensation sodium lignin sulfonate 3
Part, 35 parts of water.
The preparation method of above-mentioned foliar fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) earthworm hydrolyzate is prepared：After taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed tissue mashing machine and smashes
It is broken；It is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：2 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, are 0.02mol/L with concentration
Watery hydrochloric acid adjust pH value of solution to 7, and at a temperature of 55 DEG C carry out self-dissolving hydrolysis, hydrolysis time 51h；Will be complete from hydrolysis
Mixture be put into centrifuge, centrifugal rotational speed be 4800r/min under conditions of centrifuge 25min, take supernatant, as earthworm
Hydrolyzate.
(2) add water in reactor, when being heated to 45 DEG C, coconut oil diethanol amine is added into reactor, stirring is anti-
0.7h is answered, obtains solution A；
(3) when solution A is cooled to 35 DEG C, desugar condensation sodium lignin sulfonate is added thereto, stirring reaction 0.7h, is obtained
Solution B；
(4) by earthworm hydrolyzate, step (2) resulting solution A, step (3) resulting solution B and new peak fat obtained by step (1)
Film and glycine betaine are well mixed, sterilizing, filling, produce the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Test example 1
A kind of suppression of the foliar fertilizer of induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance of the present invention to melon vegetables Powdery Mildew is made
With
Subjects：Cucumber powdery mildew's pathogen, squash marble dust germ, melon powdery mildew.
Test specimen：Test group：Foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 and comparative example 1；Blank control group：Clearly
Water；With reference to control group：25% trazodone wettable powder.
Test method：Test specimen is diluted to 50,150,300,600 times with aseptic deionized water, is added to quantitative
It is cooled to after sterilizing in 50 DEG C or so of PDA culture medium, fully shakes up, drug containing flat board is made, often processing is repeated 3 times.Use diameter
5mm card punch, which is beaten, takes well-grown stem, and stem mycelia is inoculated in into drug containing flat board center downwards, is placed in 28 DEG C of constant temperature
Culture, mycelial growth situation is observed daily, colony diameter is measured after ware is covered with blank control, calculate mycelial growth inhibition rate.
Calculation formula is as follows：
Bacteriostasis rate (%)=[(blank control colony diameter-processing colony diameter)/(blank control colony diameter -5)] ×
100%
Measurement result：Testing result is as shown in table 1 below.
Inhibitory action of the table 1 to melon vegetables Powdery Mildew
As shown in Table 1, a kind of foliar fertilizer of induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 is dilute
When releasing to 50 times, 150 times, the bacteriostasis rate of cucumber powdery mildew's pathogen, squash marble dust germ and melon powdery mildew is reached
100%.When being diluted to 300 times, foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 reaches to the bacteriostasis rate of three kinds of Powdery Mildews
To more than 95.3%；When being diluted to 600 times, foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 is to the antibacterial of three kinds of Powdery Mildews
Rate reaches more than 86.7%, and its inhibition to weak by being followed successively by cucumber powdery mildew's pathogen by force>Melon powdery mildew>Pumpkin white powder
Germ.
Said determination result shows, compared with 25% triazolone, foliar fertilizer of the invention has to melon vegetables Powdery Mildew
There is extremely strong In-vitro Inhibitory Effect, fungistatic effect is notable, and safety has no side effect, and has a extensive future.
Test example 2
A kind of influence of the foliar fertilizer of induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance of the present invention to cucumber field planting
Test kind：The close thorn in Xintai City.
Test specimen：Test group：Foliar fertilizer prepared by comparative example 1 and embodiment 1~3 of the present invention；Control group：Clear water.
Test method：Experiment is carried out in heliogreenhouse, and using randomized complete-block design, every piece of experimental plot area is
3.5m2.Cell surrounding sets induction row, sprays 5d after foliar fertilizer for the first time, and the potted plant cucumber seedling of morbidity is put into row is induced
Make induction row susceptible, a basin is put per 0.8m.Experiment sets 5 processing altogether, and processing 1 is that clear water compares, and processing 2 is comparative example of the present invention
Foliar fertilizer prepared by 1, processing 3~5 are respectively the foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3, and each processing is repeated 3 times.
5d, initial bloom stage, first fruiting period, the best fruiting period respectively spray once after cucumber is colonized, and the 5d amounts of spraying are 1kg/ mus after cucumber field planting, just flower
The phase amount of spraying is 3kg/ mus, and first fruiting period and the best fruiting period amount of spraying are 10kg/ mus；Processing 1 sprays equivalent clear water.At 4 points in afternoon with
After spray, be sprayed on, middle part blade, especially vacuum side of blade.Experimental plot others base manure, top dressing, irrigation and other fields
The conditions such as management are consistent.
Sample collection and index determining：(1) measure of disease index and preventive effect：The relatively fully rear investigation state of an illness of control morbidity,
Sampled by five point sampling, every is investigated 5 plants.(2) measure of single melon weight, sugar-preserved gourd number and single plant yield：By five point sampling, in
The harvesting sampling of the cucumber best fruiting period, every is investigated 5 plants.(3) in cucumber leaves to disease-resistant related enzyme assay：Respectively at cucumber
2d takes the 2nd leaf to survey peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase after 5d, initial bloom stage, first fruiting period spray foliar fertilizer after field planting
(SOD), phenylalanine lyase (PAL) and catalase (CAT) activity.
1st, to the influence of powdery mildew of cucumber disease index and preventive effect
Influence of the table 2 to powdery mildew of cucumber disease index and preventive effect
| Processing | Disease index (%) | Preventive effect (%) |
| Clear water | 98.7 | 0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 59.3 | 39.9 |
| Embodiment 1 | 18.5 | 81.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 15.1 | 84.7 |
| Embodiment 3 | 17.6 | 82.2 |
As shown in Table 2, compared with compareing clear water, the foliar fertilizer disease index prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 exists
Less than 18.5%, prevention effect is more than 81.3%.Said determination result shows, the leaf prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3
Leaven can effectively prevent and treat the generation of powdery mildew of cucumber.
2nd, to the influence of cucumber list melon weight, sugar-preserved gourd number and single plant yield
Influence of the table 3 to cucumber list melon weight, sugar-preserved gourd number and single plant yield
As shown in Table 3, compared with compareing clear water, foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 can effectively improve cucumber
Yield, wherein, the best results of embodiment 2, compared with compareing clear water, cucumber list melon weight, sugar-preserved gourd number and single plant yield are respectively increased
40.16%th, 82.25%, 89.76%.
3rd, to the influence in cucumber leaves to disease-resistant related enzymatic activity
Peroxidase (POD) is a kind of oxidoreducing enzyme of generally existing in plant, can with catalyzing hydrogen peroxide with
Redox reaction occurs for a variety of organic and inorganic hydrogen donors, and after plant is by infection process, internal enzymatic activity can occur some
Change.Research shows that POD can produce the toxicant (oxidation phenol etc.) for having lethal to invading micro-organism, or induction is planted
Thing cell membrane changes, and forms physical barriers, causes cell death and suppresses infecting for pathogen, so as to participate in the anti-of plant
Disease effect.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the chief component for the enzymatic protective system that cell resists active oxygen injury, it
O can be disproportionated2-Generate H2O2, the H in cell2O2Again by POD and CAT oxidation Decompositions, so only being assisted by SOD, POD, CAT
Same-action, the free radical in cell can be just set to maintain a low-level.Therefore, SOD, POD and CAT are removing free radical, resistance
Only the formation of free radical and plant senescence etc. is delayed to play an important role.
Phenylalanine lyase (PAL) take part in the synthesis and accumulation of plant disease-resistant secondary substance, have with disease resistance of plant
Close relationship.PAL is the key enzyme of shikimic acid pathway, and Secondary metabolites, particularly phytoalexin
With the constant speed enzyme in biosynthetic pathway of lignin.
Table 4 is to the influence (average value U/g) in cucumber leaves to disease-resistant related enzymatic activity
As shown in Table 4, compared with clear water, spraying the foliar fertilizer prepared by comparative example 1 and embodiment 1~3 of the present invention can show
Write and improve to disease-resistant related enzymatic activity in cucumber leaves, the wherein action effect of embodiment 2 is optimal, the 5d after field planting, embodiment 2
Cucumber POD, SOD, PAL, CAT enzymatic activity improve 87.10%, 43.07%, 16.45%, 23.16% compared with clear water respectively；Spent just
Phase, embodiment 2 cucumber POD, SOD, PAL, CAT enzymatic activity respectively compared with clear water improve 115.2%, 99.76%, 83.96%,
23.30%；In first fruiting period, embodiment 2 cucumber POD, SOD, PAL, CAT enzymatic activity improves 112.9% compared with clear water respectively,
97.02%th, 103.3%, 39.71%.
Said determination result shows that the foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 is respectively provided with inducing cucumber body and produced
The ability of defensive ferment, so as to strengthen resistance against diseases of the cucumber to powdery mildew.Because melon vegetables is to the anti-disease mechanism phase of powdery mildew
Seemingly, therefore, understand that foliar fertilizer of the present invention can significantly increase melon vegetables and powdery mildew is resisted by result of the test of the embodiment of the present invention
Sick ability, promote melon vegetables growth, and improve yield.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance, it is characterised in that the raw material including following weight parts：Water 1~4 part of poplar acid, 2~8 parts of methyl jasmonate, 2~5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1~3 part of stigmasterol, 10~30 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, new peak 1~13 part of adipose membrane, 1~3 part of glycine betaine, 1~5 part of wetting agent, 1~5 part of dispersant, 20~50 parts of water.
- 2. a kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including under State the raw material of parts by weight：2 parts of salicylic acid, 5 parts of methyl jasmonate, 3 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of stigmasterol, 23 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 9 parts of new high fat film, 2 parts of glycine betaine, 3 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of dispersant, 35 parts of water.
- A kind of 3. foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the earthworm Earthworm hydrolyzes liquid and preparation method thereof：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed tissue mashing machine and smashs to pieces； (2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：1~1：3 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, are with concentration 0.02mol/L watery hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value of solution to 6~8, and self-dissolving hydrolysis, hydrolysis time 49 are carried out at a temperature of 53~58 DEG C ~53h；(3) will be put into from the complete mixture of hydrolysis in centrifuge, in the condition that centrifugal rotational speed is 4000~5000r/min 22~28min of lower centrifugation, takes supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
- A kind of 4. foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the profit Humectant is the one or more of lauroyl diethanolamine, coconut oil diethanol amine or AEO.
- 5. a kind of foliar fertilizer for inducing melon vegetables powder mildew resistance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described point Powder is the one or more of desugar sodium lignin sulfonate, desugar condensation sodium lignin sulfonate or styrene acrylic.
- A kind of a kind of 6. preparation of the foliar fertilizer of induction melon vegetables powder mildew resistance as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5 Method, comprise the following steps：(1) earthworm hydrolyzate is prepared；(2) add water in reactor, when being heated to 40~50 DEG C, salicylic acid and wetting agent are added into reactor, stirring is anti- 0.5~1h is answered, obtains solution A；(3) stigmasterol, chitosan oligosaccharide and dispersant are added when solution A is cooled to 30~40 DEG C, thereto, stirring reaction 0.5~ 1h, obtain solution B；(4) by earthworm hydrolyzate, step (2) resulting solution A, step (3) resulting solution B and new high fat film, jasmine obtained by step (1) Jasmine acid methyl esters and glycine betaine are well mixed, sterilizing, filling, produce the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
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| CN111517872A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Gypsum coated slow release fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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