CN107356632A - The experimental provision that externally-applied magnetic field influences on premixed gas explosive characteristic - Google Patents
The experimental provision that externally-applied magnetic field influences on premixed gas explosive characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，包括可调外加电磁场、非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道系统、配气系统、瞬态爆炸压力系统、高速摄像系统、高能点火系统，采用全透明可视化并兼容瞬态爆炸压力采集系统，能够实现爆炸火焰传播特征与瞬态爆炸压力特征的同步分析，得出阻隔防爆材料对预混气体爆炸的火焰传播速度、火焰强度、瞬态爆炸压力及压力上升速率等爆炸的影响规律，有助于阻隔防爆材料的进一步推广使用。
The invention discloses an experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of a premixed gas, comprising an adjustable external electromagnetic field, a non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline system, a gas distribution system, a transient explosion pressure system, a high-speed camera system, The high-energy ignition system adopts fully transparent visualization and is compatible with the transient explosion pressure acquisition system, which can realize the simultaneous analysis of the explosion flame propagation characteristics and transient explosion pressure characteristics, and obtain the flame propagation velocity and flame intensity of the premixed gas explosion by the barrier explosion-proof material , transient explosion pressure and pressure rise rate, etc., will help to further promote the use of barrier explosion-proof materials.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种气体燃烧爆炸科学研究和实验测试技术，尤其涉及一种外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置。The invention relates to a gas combustion explosion scientific research and experimental testing technology, in particular to an experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of a premixed gas.
背景技术Background technique
随着国家经济的高速发展和能源结构的调整，易燃易爆化学品和可燃性气体得到了广泛应用，是工业发展必不可少的生产原料和燃料能源，且未来将进一步提升以液化石油气和天然气为主的工业生产、生活能源结构的地位。但是易燃易爆化学品和可燃性气体在开采、输送、储存、加工和使用过程中或者因为泄露导致气体爆炸事故时有发生，往往会因燃烧爆炸产生的火焰和冲击波极易造成邻近设备和构筑物的破坏，导致人员的伤亡和经济损失，严重影响着国民生产、能源开采、交通运输、石油化工等相关行业。因此对可燃性气体爆炸开展影响因素研究和危害防治研究非常必要。With the rapid development of the national economy and the adjustment of the energy structure, flammable and explosive chemicals and flammable gases have been widely used, which are indispensable raw materials and fuel energy for industrial development, and will be further improved in the future to liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas-based industrial production and living energy structure. However, flammable and explosive chemicals and flammable gases may cause gas explosion accidents in the process of mining, transportation, storage, processing and use or because of leakage. Often, the flames and shock waves generated by combustion and explosion can easily cause damage to adjacent equipment and The destruction of structures leads to casualties and economic losses, seriously affecting national production, energy exploitation, transportation, petrochemical and other related industries. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on influencing factors and hazard prevention of flammable gas explosions.
现有的爆炸特征研究实验装置中，主要以瞬态爆炸压力测试为主，配合小面积的观察视窗，或者全透明可视化爆炸管道，无压力采集系统，这两种实验装置都不能实现预混气体爆炸全过程的爆炸火焰传播速度、火焰强度、瞬态爆炸压力及压力上升速率等爆炸特征的同步分析研究。Among the existing experimental devices for the study of explosion characteristics, the main test is the transient explosion pressure test, with a small-area observation window, or a fully transparent visual explosion pipeline, and no pressure acquisition system. Neither of these two experimental devices can achieve premixed gas Simultaneous analysis and research of explosion characteristics such as explosion flame propagation speed, flame intensity, transient explosion pressure and pressure rise rate in the whole explosion process.
气体爆炸是一个十分复杂并极为快速的物理化学反应过程，爆炸过程中会产生许多中间产物和瞬间产物，如分子、自由基、离子、电子等，而在磁场中，化学反应体系以及反应物的未成对电子的自旋会受到磁场的影响，从而使反应体系的熵发生变化，进而影响化学反应进程。所以磁场对这些中间产物和瞬间产物反应过程会有影响，以致磁场对气体爆炸及其传播会有影响。Gas explosion is a very complex and extremely fast physical and chemical reaction process. During the explosion process, many intermediate products and transient products will be produced, such as molecules, free radicals, ions, electrons, etc. In the magnetic field, the chemical reaction system and the reactant The spin of unpaired electrons will be affected by the magnetic field, so that the entropy of the reaction system will change, thereby affecting the chemical reaction process. Therefore, the magnetic field will affect the reaction process of these intermediate products and transient products, so that the magnetic field will affect the gas explosion and its propagation.
目前国内外学者对易燃危化品和瓦斯爆炸传播规律、动力特性及影响因素等研究较为深入，但是对于磁场影响瓦斯爆炸及其传播方面的研究成果较少，相关的实验装置也较少，这也反过来制约了磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的研究。At present, scholars at home and abroad have conducted in-depth research on the propagation laws, dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of flammable hazardous chemicals and gas explosions, but there are few research results on the influence of magnetic fields on gas explosions and their propagation, and there are few related experimental devices. This in turn restricts the research on the influence of magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，包括可调外加电磁场、非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道系统、配气系统、瞬态爆炸压力系统、高速摄像系统、高能点火系统；The experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of a premixed gas of the present invention includes an adjustable external electromagnetic field, a non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline system, a gas distribution system, a transient explosion pressure system, a high-speed camera system, and a high-energy ignition system ;
所述可调外加电磁场包括电动调压器和三组磁极，所述三组磁极以并联的方式接入所述电动调压器；The adjustable external electromagnetic field includes an electric voltage regulator and three sets of magnetic poles, and the three sets of magnetic poles are connected to the electric voltage regulator in parallel;
所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道系统包括非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道、瞬态压力传感器、气动阀、法兰，若干组所述瞬态压力传感器以上下对称的方式安装在所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道上，所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道一端的密闭法兰预留连接点火头的接口，所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道另一端兼容安装可拆装气动阀控制密闭法兰和紧固式密闭法兰，气动阀通过管线与气动阀控制器连接，所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道安装有防爆片；The non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline system includes a non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline, transient pressure sensors, pneumatic valves, and flanges. On the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline, the airtight flange at one end of the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is reserved for connecting the interface of the ignition head, and the other end of the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is compatible with Install a detachable pneumatic valve control sealed flange and a fastened sealed flange, the pneumatic valve is connected to the pneumatic valve controller through a pipeline, and the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is equipped with an explosion-proof disc;
所述配气系统包括气瓶、气体流量计、气体阀门；The gas distribution system includes a gas cylinder, a gas flow meter, and a gas valve;
所述高速摄像系统包括高速摄像机、采集软件和三脚架；The high-speed camera system includes a high-speed camera, acquisition software and a tripod;
所述高能点火系统包括高能点火台和点火头，所述高能点火台通过电缆与所述点火头连接。The high-energy ignition system includes a high-energy ignition platform and an ignition head, and the high-energy ignition platform is connected to the ignition head through a cable.
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，采用全透明可视化并兼容瞬态爆炸压力采集系统，能够实现爆炸火焰传播特征与瞬态爆炸压力特征的同步分析，得出阻隔防爆材料对预混气体爆炸的火焰传播速度、火焰强度、瞬态爆炸压力及压力上升速率等爆炸的影响规律，有助于阻隔防爆材料的进一步推广使用，具有非常重要的经济意义和实用价值。It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention that the experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a fully transparent and visualized and compatible transient explosion pressure acquisition system, which can realize the flame propagation characteristics of the explosion Synchronous analysis with the characteristics of the transient explosion pressure, the influence law of the barrier explosion-proof material on the flame propagation velocity, flame intensity, transient explosion pressure and pressure rise rate of the premixed gas explosion is obtained, which is helpful for the further development of the barrier explosion-proof material Popularization and use have very important economic significance and practical value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of a premixed gas provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
1-非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道 2-瞬态压力传感器 3-磁极 4-气动阀 5-可拆装气动阀控制密闭法兰 6-气动阀控制器 7-电动调压器 8-气瓶 9-转子流量计 10-三通阀 11-循环泵 12-空气压缩机 13-点火头 14-高能点火台 15-真空表 16-单向阀17-延时继电器 18-瞬态压力采集主机 19-数据采集计算机 20-高速摄像机。1-Premixed gas explosion pipe made of non-metallic transparent material 2-Transient pressure sensor 3-Magnetic pole 4-Pneumatic valve 5-Detachable pneumatic valve control sealing flange 6-Pneumatic valve controller 7-Electric pressure regulator 8-Gas Bottle 9-rotameter 10-three-way valve 11-circulation pump 12-air compressor 13-ignition head 14-high energy ignition platform 15-vacuum gauge 16-one-way valve 17-delay relay 18-transient pressure acquisition host 19-data acquisition computer 20-high-speed video camera.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，其较佳的具体实施方式是：Applied magnetic field of the present invention influences the experimental device of premixed gas explosion characteristic, and its preferred embodiment is:
包括可调外加电磁场、非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道系统、配气系统、瞬态爆炸压力系统、高速摄像系统、高能点火系统；Including adjustable external electromagnetic field, non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline system, gas distribution system, transient explosion pressure system, high-speed camera system, high-energy ignition system;
所述可调外加电磁场包括电动调压器和三组磁极，所述三组磁极以并联的方式接入所述电动调压器；The adjustable external electromagnetic field includes an electric voltage regulator and three sets of magnetic poles, and the three sets of magnetic poles are connected to the electric voltage regulator in parallel;
所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道系统包括非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道、瞬态压力传感器、气动阀、法兰，若干组所述瞬态压力传感器以上下对称的方式安装在所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道上，所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道一端的密闭法兰预留连接点火头的接口，所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道另一端兼容安装可拆装气动阀控制密闭法兰和紧固式密闭法兰，气动阀通过管线与气动阀控制器连接，所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道安装有防爆片；The non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline system includes a non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline, transient pressure sensors, pneumatic valves, and flanges. On the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline, the airtight flange at one end of the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is reserved for connecting the interface of the ignition head, and the other end of the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is compatible with Install a detachable pneumatic valve control sealed flange and a fastened sealed flange, the pneumatic valve is connected to the pneumatic valve controller through a pipeline, and the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is equipped with an explosion-proof disc;
所述配气系统包括气瓶、气体流量计、气体阀门；The gas distribution system includes a gas cylinder, a gas flow meter, and a gas valve;
所述高速摄像系统包括高速摄像机、采集软件和三脚架；The high-speed camera system includes a high-speed camera, acquisition software and a tripod;
所述高能点火系统包括高能点火台和点火头，所述高能点火台通过电缆与所述点火头连接。The high-energy ignition system includes a high-energy ignition platform and an ignition head, and the high-energy ignition platform is connected to the ignition head through a cable.
所述非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道长1000mm、外径104mm、内径100mm、壁厚2mm、耐压2MPa，所述防爆片临界压力为0.8MPa。The premixed gas explosion pipe made of non-metallic transparent material is 1000mm long, 104mm outer diameter, 100mm inner diameter, 2mm wall thickness, 2MPa withstand pressure, and the critical pressure of the explosion-proof disc is 0.8MPa.
3、根据权利要求1所述的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，其特征在于，所述可调外加电磁场的磁场强度的大小通过电动调压器的无级调节来实现无级调节。3. The experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable magnetic field strength of the external electromagnetic field is realized stepless by stepless adjustment of an electric voltage regulator adjust.
所述高能点火台的点火开关与所述电动调压器的启动按钮通过延迟继电器连接。The ignition switch of the high-energy ignition platform is connected with the start button of the electric voltage regulator through a delay relay.
所述可调外加电磁场的磁场强度的调节参数为：电压可调节范围为0～450V，磁场的可调节范围为0～300T。The adjustment parameters of the magnetic field strength of the adjustable external electromagnetic field are: the adjustable range of the voltage is 0-450V, and the adjustable range of the magnetic field is 0-300T.
在水平方向上，相邻两组所述瞬态压力传感器的距离大于1厘米。In the horizontal direction, the distance between two adjacent groups of transient pressure sensors is greater than 1 cm.
本发明的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，磁场强度可以无级调节、通用性强、可重复实验。In the experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas, the magnetic field strength can be adjusted steplessly, the utility model is strong, and the experiment can be repeated.
本发明通过把若干组磁极架设在非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道两侧，实现外加磁场对管道的覆盖，通过调节磁场强度的大小，实现对磁场强度与预混气体爆炸特征的耦合规律的研究，通过在管道安装瞬态压力传感器，并结合高速摄影系统，实现对预混气体爆炸瞬态压力、压力上升速率、爆炸火焰传播速度及火焰强度等综合爆炸特征的研究，通过同时兼容安装气动阀控制的密闭法兰与紧固式密闭法兰接口，实现对开口爆炸实验与闭口爆炸实验的研究，密封法兰与非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道之间安装密封垫，防爆片与防爆片接口为硬密封，若干组磁极以并联的方式通过电缆与电动调压器相连接，抽真空系统、配气系统通过管路与非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道连接，电动调压器与高能点火台通过电缆连接。In the present invention, several groups of magnetic poles are erected on both sides of the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline to realize the coverage of the pipeline by the external magnetic field, and realize the coupling law of the magnetic field intensity and the premixed gas explosion characteristics by adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity. Research, by installing a transient pressure sensor in the pipeline, combined with a high-speed photography system, to realize the research on the comprehensive explosion characteristics of the premixed gas explosion transient pressure, pressure rise rate, explosion flame propagation speed and flame intensity. Valve-controlled airtight flange and fastened airtight flange interface realize the research on open explosion experiment and closed explosion experiment, and the connection between sealing flange and non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline is non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline A gasket is installed between the explosion-proof disk and the explosion-proof disk. The interface between the explosion-proof disk and the explosion-proof disk is hard-sealed. Several sets of magnetic poles are connected in parallel with the electric voltage regulator through cables. The explosion pipeline is connected, and the electric pressure regulator is connected with the high-energy ignition platform through cables.
具体实施例：Specific examples:
如图1所示，本发明的中心思想是通过研制一个外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，通过装置自带的电动调压器与磁芯来实现可无极调节磁场强度的外加电磁场，通过非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道非金属透明材质预混气体爆炸管道，并在管道安装瞬态压力传感器，与高速摄影系统相结合，实现对预混气体爆炸瞬态压力、压力上升速率、爆炸火焰传播速度及火焰强度等综合爆炸特征的研究，通过在电动调压器启动开关安装延时继电器与高能点火台点火开关相连接，实现点火与施加磁场的一体化控制。As shown in Figure 1, the central idea of the present invention is to develop an experimental device for the influence of an external magnetic field on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas, and realize the external electromagnetic field that can adjust the magnetic field strength steplessly through the electric voltage regulator and magnetic core that comes with the device. , through the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline, the non-metallic transparent material premixed gas explosion pipeline, and the transient pressure sensor is installed in the pipeline, combined with the high-speed photography system, the transient pressure and pressure rise rate of the premixed gas explosion are realized , Explosion flame propagation speed and flame intensity and other comprehensive explosion characteristics, by installing a delay relay on the start switch of the electric voltage regulator and connecting it with the ignition switch of the high-energy ignition platform, the integrated control of ignition and applied magnetic field is realized.
本发明所述的外加磁场对预混气体爆炸特征影响的实验装置，包括但不仅限于：The experimental device for the influence of the external magnetic field of the present invention on the explosion characteristics of premixed gas includes but not limited to:
(1)装填阻隔防爆材料。爆炸管道内阻隔防爆材料填充密度为25kg/m3，填充率为95％，填充阻隔防爆材料的质量为187g，下端点火头端留空5％，其余空间均填充满。(在开展外加磁场作用下，阻隔防爆材料对预混气体爆炸特征影响实验时)(1) Filling with barrier and explosion-proof materials. The filling density of the barrier explosion-proof material in the explosion pipeline is 25kg/m 3 , the filling rate is 95%, the mass of the filled barrier explosion-proof material is 187g, the lower end of the ignition head is left 5% empty, and the rest of the space is filled. (When carrying out experiments on the influence of barrier explosion-proof materials on the explosion characteristics of premixed gases under the action of an external magnetic field)
(2)气密性检查。对爆炸管道抽真空5分钟，关闭真空阀并放置3分钟，如果3分钟后，真空表指针未回转，表明装置气密性良好，如果指针回转，表明有漏气地方存在，向管道内充入空气，查找出漏气位置并采取防泄漏措施，直至确认整个装置气密性完好，方可进行实验。(2) Air tightness check. Vacuumize the explosion pipeline for 5 minutes, close the vacuum valve and leave it for 3 minutes. If the pointer of the vacuum gauge does not turn after 3 minutes, it indicates that the airtightness of the device is good. If the pointer turns, it indicates that there is an air leak. Fill the pipeline with Air, find out the location of the air leak and take anti-leakage measures until the airtightness of the entire device is confirmed before the experiment can be carried out.
(3)抽真空。启动真空泵前检查确认装置所有阀门处于关闭状态，启动真空泵，打开真空阀，待真空表显示达到一定真空度时，关闭真空阀。(3) vacuuming. Before starting the vacuum pump, check to make sure that all valves of the device are closed, start the vacuum pump, open the vacuum valve, and close the vacuum valve when the vacuum gauge shows that a certain degree of vacuum is reached.
(4)配气与均匀混合。根据气体爆炸管道的体积，和所需预混气体中可燃气体的浓度计算得到需要注入可燃气体的体积。配气完成后，启动循环泵，使预混气体体在爆炸管道内循环5分钟以上，以完成可燃气体-空气的均匀混合。(4) Gas distribution and uniform mixing. Calculate the volume of combustible gas that needs to be injected according to the volume of the gas explosion pipeline and the concentration of combustible gas in the required premixed gas. After the gas distribution is completed, start the circulating pump to circulate the premixed gas in the explosion pipeline for more than 5 minutes to complete the uniform mixing of combustible gas and air.
(5)启动高速摄影系统及压力采集系统。高速摄影机以一定的进行高速拍摄；以下面一组操作参数为例拍摄帧率可为2000帧/秒，压力采集系统的采样频率为15千次/秒。(5) Start the high-speed photography system and the pressure acquisition system. The high-speed camera performs high-speed shooting at a certain speed; taking the following set of operating parameters as an example, the shooting frame rate can be 2000 frames per second, and the sampling frequency of the pressure acquisition system is 15 thousand times per second.
(6)启动电动调压器的启动开关并同时触发高速摄像机。(6) Start the start switch of the electric voltage regulator and trigger the high-speed camera at the same time.
(7)数据处理与分析。实验结束后，对采集得到的爆炸火焰图像与瞬态爆炸压力数据进行处理分析，以得到爆炸火焰传播速度、瞬态爆炸峰值压力与压力上升速率。(7) Data processing and analysis. After the experiment, the acquired explosion flame images and transient explosion pressure data were processed and analyzed to obtain the explosion flame propagation velocity, transient explosion peak pressure and pressure rise rate.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
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