CN107306608A - A kind of thresing machine and methods of threshing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a threshing machine and a threshing method. The threshing machine includes a frame on which a rotatable inner drum and an outer drum are installed. In the ring-shaped threshing chamber, the outer surface of the inner drum is provided with a number of first threshing teeth, the outer drum is provided with a number of screen holes and the inner surface of the outer drum is provided with a number of second threshing teeth, and the threshing machine also includes a first gear for driving the inner drum to rotate. A rotary drive assembly and a second rotary drive assembly for driving the outer drum to rotate in reverse relative to the inner drum. The threshing method is to make the rotation direction of the inner drum and the outer drum opposite during the threshing process of feeding materials. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, easy manufacture, low cost, good threshing effect, low grain damage rate, stable and reliable operation and the like.

Description

A kind of threshing machine and threshing method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural threshing machinery, in particular to a thresher and a threshing method.

Background technique

Threshing is an essential and crucial process in the harvest of rapeseed, soybean and other crops. Traditional threshing is mainly carried out on the principles of impact, rubbing, combing, rolling, etc., and most of the research on threshing devices is based on these threshing principles. The threshing process is the process of detaching and separating the grains from the ear head. The requirement for the threshing device is to avoid the loss during the threshing process and the macroscopic and microscopic breakage of the grains, and at the same time, it should be able to separate the grains from the straw. The principle of drum-concave plate threshing has appeared more than two centuries ago. So far, this principle has hardly changed. The previous research mainly focused on the influence of the mechanical parameters of the threshing parts on the threshing performance. The purpose is to make the threshing parts have higher efficiency.

The combine harvester plays a very important role in modern agricultural harvesting. It has the advantages of high productivity, low grain loss rate and high degree of mechanization, which can greatly reduce the labor intensity of farmers and improve working conditions. However, the outstanding problems of the traditional combine harvester, such as complex transmission mechanism, harsh operating conditions, poor reliability and high failure rate, still exist. The threshing device is the core component of the combine harvester. The technical requirements for the threshing device are: clean threshing, less broken grains or shells, as much grains as possible leaking from the concave plate, less power consumption, good versatility, Can be suitable for a variety of crops and a variety of conditions. The threshing performance of the threshing device directly affects the separation, cleaning and working quality of the whole machine. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the working reliability of the threshing machine and improve the threshing performance.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a thresher with simple and compact structure, easy manufacture, low cost, good threshing effect, low grain damage rate, stable and reliable operation, and correspondingly provide a Threshing method.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A threshing machine comprising a frame on which a rotatable inner drum and an outer drum are mounted, the outer drum is sleeved outside the inner drum and an annular threshing chamber is formed between the inner drum and the outer drum, the The outer surface of the inner drum is provided with a number of first threshing teeth, the outer drum is provided with a number of sieve holes and the inner surface of the outer drum is provided with a number of second threshing teeth, and the threshing machine also includes a motor for driving the inner drum to rotate The first rotation drive assembly and the second rotation drive assembly are used to drive the outer drum to reversely rotate relative to the inner drum.

In the thresher described above, preferably, several first threshing teeth are arranged in a spiral on the outer surface of the inner drum and/or several second threshing teeth are arranged in a spiral on the inner surface of the outer drum.

In the above-mentioned threshing machine, preferably, the two ends of the annular threshing chamber are the feed end and the discharge end respectively, and several first threshing teeth are helically arranged in a helical line from the feed end to the discharge end along the rotation direction of the inner drum. The second threshing teeth extend from the feed end to the discharge end along the rotation direction of the outer drum.

In the thresher described above, preferably, the rotation axis of the inner drum is parallel to and spaced apart from the rotation axis of the outer drum.

In the thresher above, preferably, the rotation axis of the inner drum and the rotation axis of the outer drum are located in the same vertical plane, and the rotation axis of the inner drum is located below the rotation axis of the outer drum.

In the above thresher, preferably, the second rotating drive assembly includes more than two friction rings and two rotating shafts installed on the frame, each friction ring is fixedly connected to the outer drum and the central axis is the same as the rotation axis of the outer drum coincident, the two rotating shafts are parallel and arranged at intervals, each rotating shaft is provided with a friction driving wheel corresponding to each friction ring, and each friction ring is supported on the corresponding friction driving wheel on the two rotating shafts, at least one rotating shaft is connected with a rotating drive mechanism.

In the thresher described above, preferably, the first rotation drive assembly includes a first rotation drive member and a first pulley transmission mechanism, and the driving end of the first rotation drive member communicates with the inner drum through the first pulley transmission mechanism. The rotation shafts are connected; the rotation drive mechanism includes a second rotation drive member and a second pulley transmission mechanism, and the second rotation drive member is connected with the rotation shaft through the second pulley transmission mechanism.

A threshing method of the above-mentioned thresher, comprising the following steps:

(A) The inner drum is driven to rotate through the first rotation drive assembly, and the outer drum is driven to rotate through the second rotation drive assembly, and the rotation direction of the inner drum is opposite to that of the outer drum;

(B) Send the material from one end of the inner drum into the cavity between the inner drum and the outer drum for threshing.

In the above threshing method, preferably, the rotation speeds of the inner drum and the outer drum are inconsistent.

Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that: when the threshing machine and the threshing method of the present invention are threshing, the first rotation drive assembly drives the inner drum to rotate, and the second rotation drive assembly drives the outer drum to reverse direction relative to the inner drum. After rotating, the material is sent into the annular threshing chamber between the inner drum and the outer drum, and the first threshing gear and the second threshing gear on the inner drum cooperate to form a blowing and kneading effect on the material, thereby improving the cleaning rate and ensuring threshing As a result, the inner drum and the outer drum rotate in reverse at the same time, which can reduce the individual speed of the inner drum and the outer drum, reduce the impact strength and impact on the material, and then reduce the breakage rate of the material grain. The thresher has the advantages of simple and compact structure, easy fabrication and low cost.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the thresher.

Fig. 2 is a front structural schematic diagram of the inner drum in the threshing machine.

Fig. 3 is a front structural schematic diagram of the outer cylinder in the threshing machine.

Fig. 4 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the outer cylinder in the threshing machine.

illustration:

1. Rack; 2. Inner drum; 21. First threshing gear; 3. Outer drum; 31. Second threshing gear; 4. Friction ring; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Friction drive wheel; 100. Ring threshing chamber.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the threshing machine of this embodiment includes a frame 1, an inner drum 2 and an outer drum 3, the inner drum 2 is mounted on the frame 1 through a bearing seat, and the outer drum 3 is installed in a rotatable manner On the frame 1, the outer drum 3 is sleeved outside the inner drum 2, and an annular threshing chamber 100 is formed between the outer drum 3 and the inner drum 2. The outer surface of the inner drum 2 is provided with a number of first threshing teeth 21. The outer drum 3 is provided with a number of sieve holes, and the inner surface of the outer drum 3 is provided with a number of second threshing teeth 31, the threshing machine also includes a first rotating drive assembly for driving the inner drum 2 to rotate and for driving the outer drum 3 relative to the inner The second rotary drive assembly for the reverse rotation of the drum 2. When threshing, the first rotation drive assembly drives the inner drum 2 to rotate, and the second rotation drive assembly drives the outer drum 3 to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the inner drum 2, and the material is sent into the ring threshing between the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 After the chamber 100, the cooperation of the first threshing gear 21 and the second threshing gear 31 on the inner drum 2 can form a blowing and rubbing effect on the material, thereby improving the cleaning rate and ensuring the threshing effect. At the same time, the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 reverse Rotation can reduce the single rotating speed of the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3, reduce the impact strength and striking force on the material, and then reduce the breakage rate of the material grain. The thresher has the advantages of simple and compact structure, easy fabrication, low cost and stable and reliable operation.

In this embodiment, a plurality of first threshing teeth 21 are arranged in a spiral on the outer surface of the inner drum 2, and a plurality of second threshing teeth 31 are arranged in a spiral on the inner surface of the outer drum 3, which can form a twisting and kneading effect on the material and improve the threshing process. Effect. Preferably, the two ends of the annular threshing chamber 100 are the feed end and the discharge end respectively, and several first threshing teeth 21 are helically arranged in a spiral line extending from the feed end to the discharge end along the rotation direction of the inner drum 2. The second threshing teeth 31 are helically arranged, and the helical lines extend from the feed end to the discharge end along the rotation direction of the outer drum 3. The first threshing teeth 21 and the second threshing teeth 31 adopt this kind of arrangement, which can further improve the The torsion and kneading action of the material makes the material gradually move from the feed end to the discharge end for threshing, ensuring the continuity of threshing work and avoiding blockage.

In this embodiment, the rotation axis of the inner drum 2 is parallel to and spaced apart from the rotation axis of the outer drum 3 , that is, the rotation axis of the inner drum 2 deviates from the rotation axis of the outer drum 3 , so that the gap between the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 The width of the annular threshing chamber 100 is inconsistent, which is convenient for feeding materials from the wider part of the annular threshing chamber 100, and better extrusion can be formed at the narrower part of the annular threshing chamber 100, thereby further improving the cleaning rate and ensuring the threshing effect. Preferably, the rotation axis of the inner drum 2 and the rotation axis of the outer drum 3 are located in the same vertical plane, and the rotation axis of the inner drum 2 is located below the rotation axis of the outer drum 3, so that there is a ring between the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 The threshing chamber 100 has a small lower part and a larger upper part, which makes it more convenient and easy for materials to be fed from the upper part of the annular threshing chamber 100. At the same time, the lower part of the annular threshing chamber 100 forms a twisting extrusion, which can achieve the best threshing effect.

In this embodiment, the second rotation drive assembly includes more than two friction rings 4 and two rotating shafts 5 installed on the frame 1, each friction ring 4 is fixedly connected to the outer drum 3 and the central axis is in line with the rotation of the outer drum 3 The axes coincide, and the two rotating shafts 5 are arranged in parallel and at intervals. Each rotating shaft 5 is provided with a friction driving wheel 6 corresponding to each friction ring 4, and each friction ring 4 is supported on the corresponding friction driving wheel 6 on the two rotating shafts 5. At least one rotating shaft 5 is connected with a rotary driving mechanism. The outer cylinder 3 is supported and installed on the friction drive wheels 6 of the two rotating shafts 5 through the friction ring 4, so that the outer cylinder 3 can rotate around a fixed axis. The friction effect can drive the outer cylinder 3 to rotate. The two rotating shafts 5 in this embodiment are respectively connected to a rotary driving mechanism.

In this embodiment, the first rotation drive assembly includes a first rotation drive member and a first pulley transmission mechanism, and the driving end of the first rotation drive member is connected with the rotation shaft of the inner drum 2 through the first pulley transmission mechanism, thereby driving The inner drum 2 rotates; the rotation drive mechanism includes a second rotation drive member and a second pulley transmission mechanism, and the second rotation drive member is connected with the rotating shaft 5 through the second pulley transmission mechanism, so as to drive the rotation shaft 5 to rotate. The first pulley transmission mechanism and the second pulley transmission mechanism all adopt the combination of existing belts and pulleys, and the first rotation drive and the second rotation drive can be the power source of the combine harvester or a motor provided separately.

A kind of threshing method of above-mentioned threshing machine, this threshing method comprises the following steps:

(A) The inner drum 2 is driven to rotate by the first rotation drive assembly, and the outer drum 3 is driven to rotate by the second rotation drive assembly, and the rotation direction of the inner drum 2 is opposite to that of the outer drum 3;

(B) Use the feeding mechanism to send the material from one end of the inner drum 2 into the cavity between the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 for threshing.

Since the rotation direction of the inner drum 2 is opposite to the rotation direction of the outer drum 3, the individual rotation speeds of the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 can be reduced, that is, the rotation speeds of the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 can be lower, thereby reducing the impact on the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3. The impact strength and impact force of the material, while ensuring the threshing separation effect and loss rate of the material, minimize the damage of the material grain, which is beneficial to the storage and breeding of the material grain; at the same time, it can also improve the threshing effect and reduce the risk of material clogging possibility. Preferably, the rotation speeds of the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 are inconsistent, that is, the two are differentially moving, and the threshing speed is better improved, which can further improve the threshing effect, and can effectively avoid the possibility of material clogging. To the "self-cleaning" effect.

The specific process and principle of the thresher threshing is: after the feeding mechanism (inclined conveyor) sends the material from the feeding end into the annular threshing chamber 100 between the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3, the first threshing gear 21 and Under the action of the second threshing gear 31, the material moves toward the discharge end in a spiral motion. During this process, the first threshing gear 21 and the second threshing gear 31 form a blowing effect on the material, and at the same time, the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 are reversed. It rotates in the opposite direction, which has both impact and kneading effects on the material, forming a twisting threshing effect, so that the threshing effect of the material can be optimized; at the same time, the rotation speed of the inner drum 2 and the outer drum 3 can be set to be small, and the impact strength on the material Reduced, thereby reducing the breakage rate of material grains.

The thresher and the threshing method of this embodiment are applicable to the threshing of rapeseed, soybean and other crops.

The above descriptions are only preferred implementations of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those skilled in the art, improvements and transformations obtained without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of thresing machine, it is characterised in that：Including frame（1）, the frame（1）On rotatable inner roller is installed（2） And outer roller（3）, the outer roller（3）It is sheathed on inner roller（2）Outside and inner roller（2）And outer roller（3）Between form one Annular threshing cavity（100）, the inner roller（2）Outer surface be provided with some first threshing tooths（21）, the outer roller（3）It is provided with Some sieve apertures and outer roller（3）Inner surface be provided with some second threshing tooths（31）, the thresing machine also includes interior for driving Roller（2）First rotated rotates drive component and for driving outer roller（3）Relative to inner roller（2）Counter-rotational second Rotate drive component.

2. thresing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Some first threshing tooths（21）In inner roller（2）It is outer Surface is helically arranged and/or some second threshing tooths（31）In outer roller（3）Inner surface helically arrange.

3. thresing machine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The annular threshing cavity（100）Two ends be respectively into Expect end and discharge end, some first threshing tooths（21）The helix helically arranged is from feed end along inner roller（2）Rotation side Extend to discharge end, some second threshing tooths（31）The helix helically arranged is from feed end along outer roller（3）Rotation Direction extends to discharge end.

4. thresing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inner roller（2）Pivot center and outer roller（3） Pivot center it is parallel and be arranged at intervals.

5. thresing machine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The inner roller（2）Pivot center and outer roller（3） Pivot center be located in same perpendicular, and inner roller（2）Pivot center be located at outer roller（3）Pivot center under Side.

6. thresing machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The second rotation drive component rubs including two or more Wipe ring（4）With installed in frame（1）On two rotating shafts（5）, each drag ring（4）It is fixed in outer roller（3）Upper and central axis With outer roller（3）Pivot center overlap, two rotating shafts（5）Parallel and arranged for interval, each rotating shaft（5）The upper each drag ring of correspondence （4）It is equipped with a friction driving roller（6）, each drag ring（4）It is supported on two rotating shafts（5）Upper corresponding friction driving roller（6） On, at least one rotating shaft（5）It is connected with rotary drive mechanism.

7. thresing machine according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Described first, which rotates drive component, includes the first rotation drive Moving part and first band wheel drive mechanism, the drive end of first rotary drive pass through first band wheel drive mechanism and inner roller （2）Rotary shaft be connected；The rotary drive mechanism includes the second rotary drive and the second belt wheel transmission mechanism, described second Rotary drive passes through the second belt wheel transmission mechanism and rotating shaft（5）It is connected.

8. the methods of threshing of thresing machine any one of a kind of claim 1 ~ 7, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：

（A）Drive component, which is rotated, by first drives inner roller（2）Rotate, rotating drive component by second drives outer roller （3）Rotate, and inner roller（2）Rotation direction and outer roller（3）Rotation direction it is opposite；

（B）By material from inner roller（2）One end feeding inner roller（2）With outer roller（3）Between cavity in carry out threshing.

9. methods of threshing according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The inner roller（2）And outer roller（3）Rotation speed Degree is inconsistent.