CN107253799A - A kind of experimental rig and its test method for handling the heavy metal-polluted waters such as lead, nickel, arsenic - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and a test method for treating water polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel and arsenic. The device is divided into three parts. The first part is a test device, which includes a rectangular water channel, a water valve and a cement enclosure; the second part is a test device. Part is adsorption device, including large filter plate, adsorption plate, and small filter plate; the third part is purification device, including artificial wetland and ecological grassland. The above three parts are closely integrated and work together. During the test, the filter plate and the adsorption plate were first fixed on the inner wall of the rectangular water channel with glass glue, and then the soil was filled in the cement enclosure, and artificial wetlands and ecological grasslands were set up on the soil to make full use of the plants’ resistance to heavy metals such as lead, nickel, and arsenic. The adsorption ability of the present invention improves the purification effect of the present invention. After the installation is completed, the sewage is introduced into the canal from the end far away from the water valve, and finally the water valve is opened to slow down the flow rate of the sewage in the device. The water body treated by the device can remove heavy metals up to 99.8%, and the water quality has reached the national groundwater quality standard.

Description

A test device and test for treating water polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel and arsenic method

technical field

The invention relates to a test device for treating water bodies polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel and arsenic. The device can treat water polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel, arsenic, etc., and the effect of removing heavy metals can reach 99.8%, and the water quality can meet the national groundwater quality standard. The invention also relates to the method of use of the test device.

Background technique

Soil is one of the main resources for human survival. With the rapid development of urban modernization, over-exploitation and smelting of ore deposits have caused a large amount of pollutants to flow into the soil, causing heavy metal pollution such as lead, nickel, and arsenic to become increasingly serious. Heavy metals in the soil are absorbed into plants through plants, and may also pollute groundwater and surface water through river runoff, and eventually endanger human health through food chains or direct contact.

Existing water purification devices polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel, and arsenic can handle very little sewage. Most of the test methods are for purifying water polluted by a single heavy metal, and do not make good use of the adsorption capacity of plants for heavy metals. More can not achieve very high purification effect. Therefore, a test device that can deal with a large amount of lead, nickel, arsenic and other heavy metal-contaminated water bodies was designed. This device improves the purification effect by utilizing the characteristics of plants with good adsorption capacity for heavy metals. The purified water quality can meet the national groundwater standard.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to design a test device that can handle a large amount of lead, nickel, arsenic and other heavy metals polluted water bodies, and utilize the characteristics that plants have better adsorption capacity for heavy metals to improve the purification effect of the present invention, so that the water quality after purification It can meet the national groundwater standard.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a test device for treating heavy metal polluted water bodies such as lead, nickel, arsenic, etc. The device is divided into three parts, the first part is a test device, including a rectangular water channel, a water valve, and a cement wall; the second part is a test device. The second part is the adsorption device, including large filter plates, adsorption plates, and small filter plates; the third part is the purification device, including artificial wetlands and ecological grasslands.

The overall layout of the test device for treating heavy metal-contaminated water bodies such as lead, nickel, and arsenic is as follows: two cement walls are arranged in the middle of the rectangular water channel, and the cement walls are filled with soil; half of the soil area is provided with ecological water. ditch, and artificial wetlands are set in the other half of the area; small filter plates are placed on the two cement walls; two inverted adsorption plates and a large filter plate are placed outside the cement walls; water valves are provided at the bottom of the canal.

The rectangular canal is built by cement blocks and smoothed with cement mortar. The long side of the canal is 2200mm, the short side is 500mm, the height is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 50mm; two blocks of height are respectively arranged at the position of 500mm in the middle of the rectangular canal. 250mm in width, 500mm in width, and 50mm in thickness; a water valve with a diameter of 5mm is provided at the bottom of the rectangular water channel.

The cement wall is filled with soil, and divided into two areas to set up an ecological ditch of 500mm×500mm and an artificial wetland of 500mm×500mm; plant narcissus in the ecological ditch, plant reeds in the artificial wetland, and use plant The adsorption capacity of heavy metals improves the purification effect of the device.

A small filter plate with a height of 250mm, a width of 500mm, and a thickness of 20mm is installed on the cement wall near the ecological ditch, and two adsorption plates with a height of 500mm, a width of 500mm, and a thickness of 150mm are installed at a distance of 50mm from the small filter plate. A large filter plate of 500mm, width 500mm, and thickness 20mm is in close contact with the adsorption plate.

A small filter plate is provided on the cement wall near the artificial wetland, and the small filter plate is connected with one adsorption plate, and a large filter plate is installed at 50 mm from the other adsorption plate, and the distance between the two adsorption plates is 50 mm; all large filter plates, adsorption plates Both the filter plate and the small filter plate are bonded to the inner wall of the rectangular water channel with glass glue to ensure that all parts of the device are watertight.

The invention provides a test device and test method for treating heavy metal polluted water bodies such as lead, nickel, arsenic, etc. The test steps are as follows:

Step 1. Check whether each part of the device is complete and usable, and use glass glue to bond the filter plate and adsorption plate to the inner wall of the rectangular water channel;

Step 2. Fill the soil in the cement wall, set up artificial wetland and ecological grassland on the soil, and prepare the sewage required for the test;

Step 3. Close the water valve, slowly pour the sewage into the ditch from the end far away from the water valve, so that the sewage passes through the large filter plate, adsorption plate, small filter plate, ecological grassland, artificial wetland, small filter plate, adsorption plate, large Filter plate, the water quality is gradually purified;

Step 4. When the water fills the entire ditch, stop pouring water and open the water valve to allow the purified water to flow out slowly from the water valve;

Step 5. After all the sewage in the canal is discharged from the water valve, repeat steps 3 to 4 until all the sewage is completely treated and the test can be stopped.

Adopt the test device and test method of the heavy metal polluted water body such as lead, nickel, arsenic of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the innovation of the present invention is: set up ecological grassland and artificial wetland at the same time, make full use of plant to the adsorption capacity improvement device of heavy metal The purification effect, the purified water quality can meet the national groundwater standard.

The test device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient assembly and disassembly, and can be used repeatedly. The device can treat water polluted by a large amount of lead, nickel, arsenic and other heavy metals, and at the same time improve the purification effect of the device through multi-layer filtration and adsorption. The water valve at the bottom of the device effectively controls the height of the sewage liquid level during the test.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall view of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the overall plan view of the present invention

Fig. 3 is an overall sectional view of the present invention

detailed description

A specific embodiment of a test device for treating heavy metal-polluted water bodies such as lead, nickel, and arsenic will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The overall sectional view of the device as shown in Figure 1: two cement walls (5) are arranged in the middle of the rectangular water channel (1), and soil (6) is filled in the cement wall (5); in the soil (6) Ecological ditches (7) are set in half of the area, and artificial wetlands (8) are set in the other half; small filter plates (3) are placed on the two cement walls (6); symmetrically outside the cement walls (6) Two inverted adsorption plates (4) and a large filter plate (2) are placed; a water valve (9) is provided at the bottom of the water channel (1).

The overall top view of the device is shown in Figure 2: the rectangular water channel (1) is built by cement blocks and smoothed with cement mortar. The long side of the water channel (1) is 2200mm, the short side is 500mm, the height is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 50mm; Two cement walls (5) with a height of 250 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm are installed at the middle 500 mm of the rectangular water channel (1); a water valve with a diameter of 5 mm is provided at the bottom of the rectangular water channel (1) (9).

As shown in Figure 1, the overall section view of the device: the cement wall (5) is filled with soil (6), and is divided into two areas to set up an ecological ditch (7) of 500mm×500mm and an artificial wetland of 500mm×500mm (8); Narcissus is planted in the ecological ditch (7), reeds are planted in the artificial wetland (8), and the purification effect of the device is improved by utilizing the adsorption capacity of the plants to heavy metals.

The overall profile of the device as shown in Figure 1: a small filter plate (3) with a height of 250mm, a width of 500mm, and a thickness of 20mm is provided on the cement wall (5) near the ecological ditch (7), and the distance from the small filter plate ( 3) Two adsorption plates (4) with a height of 500 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 150 mm are arranged at a distance of 50 mm at 50 mm, and a large filter plate (2) with a height of 500 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a thickness of 20 mm is close to the adsorption plate (4).

As shown in Figure 1, the overall sectional view of the device: a small filter plate (3) is provided on the cement wall (5) close to the artificial wetland (8), and the small filter plate (3) is connected with an adsorption plate (4), and another There is a large filter plate (2) at 50 mm from one adsorption plate (4), and the distance between the two adsorption plates (4) is 50 mm; all large filter plates (2), adsorption plates (4) and small filter plates (3) are made of glass The glue is bonded to the inner wall of the rectangular water channel (1) to ensure that all parts of the device are watertight.

The invention provides a test device and test method for treating heavy metal polluted water bodies such as lead, nickel, arsenic, etc. The test steps are as follows:

Step 1. Check whether each part of the device is complete and usable, and use glass glue to bond the filter plate and adsorption plate to the inner wall of the rectangular water channel;

Step 2. Fill the soil in the cement wall, set up artificial wetland and ecological grassland on the soil, and prepare the sewage required for the test;

Step 3. Close the water valve, slowly pour the sewage into the ditch from the end far away from the water valve, so that the sewage passes through the large filter plate, adsorption plate, small filter plate, ecological grassland, artificial wetland, small filter plate, adsorption plate, large Filter plate, the water quality is gradually purified;

Step 4. When the water fills the entire ditch, stop pouring water and open the water valve to allow the purified water to flow out slowly from the water valve;

Step 5. After all the sewage in the canal is discharged from the water valve, repeat steps 3 to 4 until all the sewage is completely treated and the test can be stopped.

Claims (5)

1. A test device for treating heavy metal polluted water bodies such as lead, nickel, arsenic, etc., characterized in that: two cement walls (5) are arranged in the middle of the rectangular water channel (1), and the cement walls (5) are filled with soil (6); setting an ecological ditch (7) in half of the soil (6), and setting an artificial wetland (8) in the other half; placing a small filter plate (3) on the two cement walls (6); Two adsorption plates (4) and a large filter plate (2) are placed symmetrically outside the cement wall (6); a water valve (9) is provided at the bottom of the water channel (1). 2. A test device for treating water bodies polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel and arsenic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rectangular canal (1) is built with cement blocks and smoothed with cement mortar. The long side of the canal (1) is 2200mm, the short side is 500mm, the height is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 50mm; at the position of 500mm in the middle of the rectangular canal (1), there are two cement walls with a height of 250mm, a width of 500mm, and a thickness of 50mm. (5); a water valve (9) with a diameter of 5 mm is provided at the bottom of the rectangular water channel (1). 3. A test device for treating water bodies polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel, and arsenic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cement wall (5) is filled with soil (6) and divided into two areas An ecological ditch (7) of 500mm×500mm and an artificial wetland (8) of 500mm×500mm are set respectively; daffodils are planted in the ecological ditch (7), reeds are planted in the artificial wetland (8), and the resistance of the plants to heavy metals is utilized. The adsorption capacity improves the purification effect of the device. 4. According to claim 1, a test device for treating heavy metal polluted water bodies such as lead, nickel, arsenic, etc., is characterized in that: the cement wall (5) near the ecological ditch (7) is provided with a height of 250 mm, a width of A small filter plate (3) with a diameter of 500mm and a thickness of 20mm, two adsorption plates (4) with a height of 500mm, a width of 500mm, and a thickness of 150mm and a distance of 50mm between the small filter plate (3) and a distance of 50mm, with a height of 500mm, a width of 500mm, and a thickness of The large filter plate (2) of 20mm is close to the adsorption plate (4). 5. A test device for treating water polluted by heavy metals such as lead, nickel and arsenic according to claim 1, characterized in that a small filter plate (3) is provided on the cement wall (5) close to the constructed wetland (8) , the small filter plate (3) is connected with one adsorption plate (4), and the other adsorption plate (4) is provided with a large filter plate (2) at 50 mm, and the distance between the two adsorption plates (4) is 50 mm; all large filter plates (2), the adsorption plate (4) and the small filter plate (3) are all bonded to the inner wall of the rectangular water channel (1) with glass glue to ensure that all parts of the device are watertight.