CN107236560B - Process for coking molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass - Google Patents
Process for coking molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN107236560B CN107236560B CN201610186600.0A CN201610186600A CN107236560B CN 107236560 B CN107236560 B CN 107236560B CN 201610186600 A CN201610186600 A CN 201610186600A CN 107236560 B CN107236560 B CN 107236560B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003476 subbituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002864 coal component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009103 reabsorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a process for coking a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass, which is characterized in that the low-rank coal and the garbage are filled in a bundle-shaped material formed by packaging biomass, and the obtained material with a core-shell structure is subjected to pressing treatment under specific conditions to obtain the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass. Therefore, the process of the invention not only can reduce the raw material cost of oil gas and coke products, but also can effectively realize the resource utilization of garbage and biomass, so that the invention has considerable economic benefit and certain social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coking, in particular to a process for coking a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass by using a tamping coke oven.
Background
Since the eighteenth century, coal has become one of the energy sources widely used in the human world, and currently, coal occupies about 70% of energy consumption structures in China, and is a main energy source on which the national citizens rely for survival. Coal is classified into three major categories, i.e., lignite, bituminous coal and anthracite coal, according to structure and composition, wherein bituminous coal is further classified into low rank bituminous coal and medium rank bituminous coal, and low rank bituminous coal is also called subbituminous coal, and is collectively referred to as "low rank coal" together with lignite. According to statistics, the reserves of the low-rank coal in China account for more than 55% of the reserves of the coal which is proved in China and are as high as 5612 hundred million tons, but the low-rank coal as a product at the initial stage of coalification has the characteristics of low carbon content, high moisture, easiness in pulverization, easiness in spontaneous combustion, high volatile matter, poor soaking strength, poor falling resistance strength and the like, so that the direct development and utilization of the low-rank coal are seriously limited, and huge resource waste is undoubtedly caused. In addition, with the increasing domestic energy demand and the sharp reduction of the quantity of high-quality coal resources, the quality improvement, transformation and comprehensive utilization of low-rank coal have become the key field of energy research and development in China at present.
Hitherto, the upgrading technology for low-rank coal at home and abroad can be roughly divided into a pyrolysis upgrading technology, a non-evaporation dehydration upgrading technology and a forming upgrading technology, wherein for the forming upgrading technology, the gel structure and the pore system of the low-rank coal are irreversibly damaged by physical actions such as high pressure or shearing in the forming process, so that the coal rank of the low-rank coal can be essentially improved, the coalification degree of the low-rank coal is improved, and the defects of large dust, easiness in reabsorption of water, easiness in spontaneous combustion and the like of the dried low-rank coal are overcome. However, the existing low-rank coal upgrading technology is in the initial application stage of experimental research and engineering, and equipment for large-scale industrial application of the low-rank coal does not exist, so that the development and utilization of the low-rank coal are limited.
The biomass energy is energy which is stored in the biomass by converting solar energy into chemical energy by green plants, namely the energy form taking the biomass as a carrier, is directly or indirectly derived from photosynthesis of the green plants, can be converted into conventional solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, is inexhaustible and inexhaustible, is renewable energy, and is also the only renewable carbon source. The biomass solidification forming technology developed in recent years changes the traditional biomass energy utilization mode, converts loose biomass into high-density formed fuel, directly burns or is used as gasification and liquefaction raw materials, becomes an effective way for developing and utilizing biomass energy, and is an effective method for replacing conventional energy, however, unfortunately, equipment for large-scale industrial application of biomass fuel is not available at present.
At present, the resource utilization mode of domestic garbage in China has a currently implemented garbage composting process and a garbage derived fuel technology which is being researched, wherein for the garbage derived fuel technology, although the technology has been industrially applied in developed countries such as Japan, Germany, American and the like, the foreign fuel preparation technology for classified garbage with stable components cannot be suitable for high-humidity mixed garbage in China because China does not have a standard garbage classified collection system at present, and therefore, a garbage resource treatment method suitable for the national condition of China is designed and researched according to the current garbage recycling situation in China.
The tamping coke oven is large-scale equipment used in the coking process of coal, and has wide floor area and high investment capital construction cost. The coal coking is a coal conversion process which produces coke by using coal as a raw material through high-temperature dry distillation, simultaneously obtains coal gas and coal tar and recovers other chemical products, wherein the coke product is mainly metallurgical coke or chemical coke. Because the industrial requirement on the quality of the coke is very high, the coal raw materials adopted for producing metallurgical coke or chemical coke mainly comprise coking coal, 1/3 coking coal, gas coal, fat coal, lean coal, poor lean coal and the like, which belong to medium-rank metamorphic bituminous coal, but in recent years, the shortage of coal resources, particularly the reduction of medium-high quality coal raw materials used for the coking industry, leads the raw material cost of the coking industry to increase day by day, and in recent years, the decline of industries which need a large amount of metallurgical coke or chemical coke, such as steel, metallurgy and the like, leads the demand quantity of coke products to be reduced and the price to slide down, thereby forcing a coking plant to sharply reduce the coke yield, and the consequent is that the tamping coke oven stops running, and once the coke oven is stopped, the coke oven is reported to be wasted, the running of the coke oven has to be maintained to the minimum degree in order to protect tamping coke oven equipment which is thrown against huge resources, thereby not only reducing the utilization degree of tamping coke, it also results in excess capacity in the coking industry. Therefore, how to save the coking industry which is about to be negatively increased, improve the utilization rate of the tamping coke oven and solve the problem of excess capacity of the coking industry becomes the bottleneck for restraining the development of the coking industry at present.
In summary, it is a technical problem to those skilled in the art how to apply the stamp-charging coke oven to the development and utilization of low-rank coal, garbage and biomass under the current situation so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that the prior art can not realize large-scale application of low-rank coal, garbage and biomass energy and the prior tamping coke oven has low utilization degree, and further provides a process for coking the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass by adopting tamping coking.
Therefore, the technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a process for coking a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass comprises the following steps:
(1) packing the biomass raw material into a bundle to form a bundle-shaped material;
(2) classifying the household garbage, and collecting organic matter components, wherein the organic matter components comprise one or more of wood products, bamboo products, cotton and linen products, paper products and kitchen waste; drying the organic matter component at 110-120 ℃ under the anaerobic condition until the water content is reduced to below 25 wt%;
(3) mixing the organic matter component obtained in the step (2) with low-rank coal to form a mixture, and filling the mixture into the bundle-shaped material to form a material with a core-shell structure;
(4) pressing and molding the materials at the temperature of 20-100 ℃ and under the pressure of 15-40MPa to obtain a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass;
(5) and (3) coking the molding material, controlling the temperature of the center of a coke cake to be 950-.
The water content of the biomass raw material is not more than 20 wt%; the biomass raw material is straw and/or wood waste.
The volume of the bundle-shaped material is not less than 0.5m3。
In the step (3), the water content of the low-rank coal is not more than 20 wt%, and the mass ratio of the organic matter component to the low-rank coal is (4-7): (3-6).
In the step (3), the mixture further comprises a binder, and the mass ratio of the binder to the low-rank coal is (1-3): (9-7).
The binder is an organic binder with the dry distillation weight loss of less than 50% under the condition of air isolation at 850 ℃.
The mass ratio of the low-rank coal to the bundled material is 1: (1-5).
The pressing conditions are 50-70 ℃ and 20-30 MPa.
The density ratio of the molding material to the material is (2-4): 1.
the coking process is carried out in a stamp-charging coke oven.
According to the invention, hydraulic equipment is adopted to carry out pressing treatment on the material with the core-shell structure, and the molding material with any shape and size can be prepared according to the difference of the shape and size of the used mold. Preferably, the shape and the size of the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass are matched with those of a carbonization chamber of a tamping coke oven.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the process for coking the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass, the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass can be prepared by filling the low-rank coal and the garbage into a bundle-shaped material formed by packaging the biomass and then pressing the obtained material with a core-shell structure under a specific condition, so that the raw materials of the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass can be pushed into a tamping coke oven for high-temperature carbonization on one hand, and the solid products obtained after carbonization of the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass can be easily pushed out of the tamping coke oven on the other hand, so that considerable amounts of crude gas, tar and coke can be obtained. Therefore, the process of the invention not only can reduce the raw material cost of oil gas and coke products, but also can effectively realize the resource utilization of garbage and biomass, so that the invention has considerable economic benefit and certain social benefit. Therefore, the process not only solves the problem that the application of low-rank coal, garbage and biomass is limited due to the absence of large-scale industrial equipment in the prior art, but also effectively overcomes the problems of low utilization rate and excessive capacity in the coking industry of the existing tamping coke oven.
2. According to the process for coking the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass, the binder is preferably added into the mixture of the low-rank coal and the organic matter component, and further preferably the binder is an organic binder with the dry distillation weight loss of less than 50% under the condition of air isolation at 850 ℃, so that the effective components in the binder can promote the degradation of high molecular polymers in the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass at high temperature, the oil gas yield of the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass raw materials is improved, and the total oil gas yield is increased by more than 10%. In the forming process, the binding agent is promoted to bind the biomass with the low-rank coal and the garbage under a certain pressure action, so that liquid generated in the high-temperature dry distillation process of the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass raw materials can permeate into the binding agent, and the quality of coke generated by the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The low-rank coal component in the molding material prepared by the invention is applicable to all low-rank coal types or mixtures thereof, and for convenience of explanation, the low-rank coal in the following examples is sub-bituminous coal or lignite. In the following examples, wt% means mass percentage, mass of molding compound ═ mass ((mass of low-rank coal + mass of biomass + mass of refuse) × 80% + mass of binder), "kg/t molding compound" means number of kilograms of product obtained per ton of molding compound, "Nm/t molding compound" means number of kilograms of product obtained per ton of molding compound3The volume of the raw gas obtained per ton of molding material is converted into cubic meters at 0 ℃ under 1 standard atmospheric pressure.
Example 1
The process for coking the molding material of the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass comprises the following steps:
(1) packing the straws with the water content of 18 wt% into bundles to obtain the straws with the volume of 0.5m3The rectangular parallelepiped bundle-like material of (1);
(2) classifying the household garbage, collecting organic components such as wood products, bamboo products, cotton and linen products, paper products, kitchen waste and the like, and drying the organic components at 110 ℃ under an anaerobic condition until the water content is reduced to 25 wt%;
(3) mixing the organic matter component obtained in the step (2) with subbituminous coal with the water content of 20 wt% according to the mass ratio of 4:6 to form a mixture, and filling the mixture into the bundle-shaped material to form a material with a core-shell structure; the mass ratio of the sub-bituminous coal to the bundled material is 1: 5;
(4) and (2) pressing and molding the materials at 50 ℃ and 15MPa to obtain a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass, wherein the density ratio of the molding material to the bundle-shaped material is 2: 1;
(5) and pushing the molding material into a tamping coke oven for coking treatment, controlling the coking temperature to be 1050 ℃ and the coking time to be 16 hours, collecting overflowing crude gas and tar, and simultaneously obtaining coke.
The amount of raw gas obtained in this example was 455Nm3The coke comprises a molding material per ton, tar and a coke, wherein the tar content is 3kg/t of molding material, the coke content is 315kg/t of molding material, the solid carbon content in the coke is not less than 50% and the volatile content is not more than 4% by mass, the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 40mm after the coke is screened is 10% of the total mass of the coke, and the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 25mm is 40% of the total mass of the coke.
Example 2
The process for coking the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass comprises the following steps:
(1) packing the straws with the water content of 15 wt% into bundles to obtain the straws with the volume of 0.6m3The rectangular parallelepiped bundle-like material of (1);
(2) classifying the household garbage, collecting organic components such as wood products, bamboo products, cotton and linen products, paper products, kitchen waste and the like, and drying the organic components at 120 ℃ under an anaerobic condition until the water content is reduced to 16 wt%;
(3) mixing the organic matter component obtained in the step (2) with lignite with the water content of 15 wt% according to the mass ratio of 5:5 to form a mixture, and filling the mixture into the bundle-shaped material to form a material with a core-shell structure; the mass ratio of the lignite to the bundled materials is 1: 3;
(4) and (3) pressing and molding the materials at 100 ℃ and 30MPa to obtain a molding material containing low-rank coal and biomass, wherein the density ratio of the molding material to the bundle-shaped material is 4: 1;
(5) and pushing the molding material into a tamping coke oven for coking treatment, controlling the coking temperature to 950 ℃ and the coking time to 18 hours, collecting overflowing crude gas and tar, and simultaneously obtaining coke.
The amount of raw gas obtained in this example was 430Nm3The coke comprises 30kg/t of molding material, tar and 320kg/t of molding material, wherein the content of solid carbon in the coke is not less than 50% and the content of volatile components is not more than 5% by mass, the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 40mm after the coke is screened is 10% of the total mass of the coke, and the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 25mm is 50% of the total mass of the coke.
Example 3
The process for coking the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass comprises the following steps:
(1) packing the straws with the water content of 16 wt% into bundles to obtain the straws with the volume of 0.5m3The rectangular parallelepiped bundle-like material of (1);
(2) classifying the household garbage, collecting organic components such as wooden products, bamboo products, cotton and linen products, paper products, kitchen waste and the like, and drying the organic components at 115 ℃ under an anaerobic condition until the water content is reduced to 22 wt%;
(3) uniformly mixing the organic matter component obtained in the step (2), subbituminous coal with the water content of 17 wt% and a binder to form a mixture, and filling the mixture into the bundle-shaped material to form a material with a core-shell structure;
the mass ratio of the organic matter component to the sub-bituminous coal is 7:3, the mass ratio of the sub-bituminous coal to the binder is 9:1, and the mass ratio of the sub-bituminous coal to the binder is 1: 1, the binder is an organic binder with a loss in dry distillation weight of less than 50% under the condition of air exclusion at 850 ℃, and the organic binder is preferably coal pitch with a softening point of 120 ℃ in the embodiment;
(4) and (2) pressing and molding the materials at 70 ℃ and 20MPa to obtain a molding material containing low-rank coal and biomass, wherein the density ratio of the molding material to the bundle-shaped material is 2.5: 1;
(5) and pushing the molding material into a tamping coke oven for coking treatment, controlling the coking temperature to be 1000 ℃ and the coking time to be 20 hours, collecting overflowing crude gas and tar, and simultaneously obtaining coke.
The amount of raw gas obtained in this example was 490Nm3The coke comprises 5kg/t of molding material, wherein the coke comprises 365kg/t of molding material, the solid carbon content of the coke is not less than 50% and the volatile component content of the coke is not more than 4% by mass, the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 40mm after the coke is screened is 30% of the total mass of the coke, and the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 25mm is 60% of the total mass of the coke.
Example 4
The process for coking the molding material containing the low-rank coal, the garbage and the biomass comprises the following steps:
(1) packing the straws with the water content of 16 wt% into bundles to obtain the straws with the volume of 0.5m3The rectangular parallelepiped bundle-like material of (1);
(2) classifying the household garbage, collecting organic components such as wooden products, bamboo products, cotton and linen products, paper products, kitchen waste and the like, and drying the organic components at 120 ℃ under an anaerobic condition until the water content is reduced to 19 wt%;
(3) uniformly mixing the organic matter component obtained in the step (2), lignite with the water content of 18 wt% and a binder to form a mixture, and filling the mixture into the bundle-shaped material to form a material with a core-shell structure;
the mass ratio of the lignite to the bundled materials is 1: 2, the mass ratio of the organic matter component to the lignite is 6:4, the mass ratio of the binder to the lignite is 7:3, the binder is an organic binder with a loss of less than 50% by dry distillation under the condition of air exclusion at 850 ℃, and in the embodiment, the organic binder is preferably petroleum asphalt with a softening point of 125 ℃;
(4) and (3) pressing and molding the materials at the temperature of 20 ℃ and under the pressure of 40MPa to obtain a molding material containing low-rank coal and biomass, wherein the density ratio of the molding material to the bundle-shaped material is 3: 1;
(5) and pushing the molding material into a tamping coke oven for coking treatment, controlling the coking temperature to 950 ℃ and the coking time to 18 hours, collecting overflowing crude gas and tar, and simultaneously obtaining coke.
The amount of raw gas obtained in this example was 450Nm3The coke comprises 28kg/t of molding material, wherein the coke comprises solid carbon not less than 50% and volatile matter not more than 5% by mass, the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 40mm after the coke is screened is 30% of the total mass of the coke, and the total mass of particles with the particle diameter of more than 25mm is 60% of the total mass of the coke.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. A process for coking a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass comprises the following steps:
(1) packing the biomass raw material into a bundle to form a bundle-shaped material;
(2) classifying the household garbage, and collecting organic matter components, wherein the organic matter components comprise one or more of wood products, bamboo products, cotton and linen products, paper products and kitchen waste; drying the organic matter component at 110-120 ℃ under the anaerobic condition until the water content is reduced to below 25 wt%;
(3) mixing the organic matter component obtained in the step (2) with low-rank coal to form a mixture, and filling the mixture into the bundle-shaped material to form a material with a core-shell structure;
(4) pressing and molding the materials at the temperature of 20-100 ℃ and under the pressure of 15-40MPa to obtain a molding material containing low-rank coal, garbage and biomass;
(5) and (3) coking the molding material, controlling the temperature of the center of a coke cake to be 950-.
2. The coking process of claim 1, wherein the biomass feedstock has a moisture content of no greater than 20 wt%; the biomass raw material is straw and/or wood waste.
3. The coking process of claim 1, wherein the bale has a volume of not less than 0.5m3。
4. The coking process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the water content of the low-rank coal is not more than 20 wt%, and the mass ratio of the organic matter component to the low-rank coal is (4-7): (3-6).
5. The coking process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the step (3), the mixture further comprises a binder, and the mass ratio of the binder to the low-rank coal is (1-3): (9-7).
6. A coking process according to claim 5, characterized in that the binder is an organic binder having a loss on retort weight of less than 50% under exclusion of air at 850 ℃.
7. The coking process of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6, characterized in that the mass ratio of the low-rank coal to the baled material is 1: (1-5).
8. The coking process of claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the low-rank coal to the baled material is 1: (1-5).
9. The coking process of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 8, in which the conditions of the compression are 50-70 ℃ and 20-30 MPa.
10. The coking process according to claim 5, characterized in that the conditions of the compression are 50-70 ℃ and 20-30 MPa.
11. Coking process according to claim 7, characterized in that the conditions of the compression are 50-70 ℃ at 20-30 MPa.
12. The coking process of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 11, where the ratio of the density of the shaped charge to the density of the charge is (2-4): 1.
13. the coking process of claim 5, wherein the ratio of the density of the shaped charge to the density of the charge is (2-4): 1.
14. the coking process of claim 7, wherein the ratio of the density of the shaped charge to the density of the charge is (2-4): 1.
15. the coking process of claim 9, wherein the ratio of the density of the shaped charge to the density of the charge is (2-4): 1.
16. the coking process of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the coking treatment is carried out in a stamp-charging coke oven.
17. The coking process of claim 5, wherein the coking process is carried out in a stamp-charged coke oven.
18. The coking process of claim 7, wherein the coking process is carried out in a stamp-charged coke oven.
19. The coking process of claim 9, wherein the coking process is carried out in a stamp-charged coke oven.
20. The coking process of claim 12 in which the coking process is carried out in a stamp-charged coke oven.
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