CN107127684A - Variable cross-section abnormity channel design abrasive flows skin processing special fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

A special fixture for abrasive flow finishing with variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structure, which includes a bottom backing plate (9) and a base (5), and is characterized in that the base (5) is set in the upper cover (1) of the fixture, and the top of the fixture is The cover (1) is fixed on the bottom backing plate (9), the workpiece (2) is installed on the base (5), and on the base (5) is installed on the fixing ring (4), and the fixing ring (4) is equipped with a sharp edge The protection rod (3); a socket is processed on the cylindrical side of the fixture upper cover (1), and the main part of the guide post (7) is inserted into the flow channel (10) of the workpiece (2). The invention completes the smoothing process of parts with complex variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structures through one flow of abrasive materials.

Description

Special fixture for abrasive flow finishing with variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structure

technical field

The invention relates to a surface processing technology, in particular to a special fixture for abrasive flow finishing for workpieces with complex variable cross-section special-shaped channel structures and high surface quality requirements, specifically a variable cross-section special-shaped channel structure Abrasive streamer finishing special fixture.

Background technique

A large number of components in aerospace engines and gas turbines contain complex and irregular shapes. With the continuous improvement of aerodynamic performance requirements, the profile of the airflow channel is becoming more and more complex, and the requirements for dimensional accuracy and surface quality are getting higher and higher. And there is a tendency to make overall.

In order to solve the overall manufacturing process of integral components with complex variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structures, after the high-efficiency removal of allowances by NC electrolytic machining and the high-precision requirements of NC EDM, high-quality surface finishing is performed using abrasive flow finishing technology. Processing appears to be very necessary. However, traditional processing methods are almost unable to process parts that also have complex variable cross-section special-shaped channel structures. Therefore, abrasive flow processing technology has become the best choice. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a special fixture for abrasive flow finishing for parts with complex variable cross-section special-shaped channel structures. It can be used for integral components with complex variable cross-section special-shaped channel structures. The overall manufacturing provides a feasible engineering practical fixture.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to design a special fixture for abrasive flow finishing with variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structure, aiming at the inconvenience of finishing complex variable-section special-shaped channels and the lack of corresponding tools for abrasive flow processing. .

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A special fixture for abrasive flow finishing with variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structure, which includes a bottom backing plate 9 and a base 5, the bottom backing plate 9 is fixedly connected with the processing machine tool, and a through hole for abrasive materials to enter is provided in the center, and the base 5 is positioned on the bottom pad On the plate 9, it is characterized in that the base 5 is set in the upper cover 1 of the fixture, the upper cover 1 of the fixture is fixed on the bottom backing plate 9, the workpiece 2 is installed on the base 5, and on the base 5, the center position of the workpiece 2 The fixed ring 4 is installed at the fixed ring 4, and the sharp edge protection rod 3 is installed on the fixed ring 4, and the rod head part of the sharp edge protection rod 3 is inserted into the sharp edge of the flow channel of the inner ring of the workpiece 2 to prevent abrasive damage to the sharp edge of the inner ring of the workpiece ; On the cylindrical side of fixture loam cake 1, be processed with the socket that inserts for deflector post 7, the main part of guide post 7 is inserted in the flow channel 10 of workpiece 2 and makes each flow channel 10 form two abrasive materials Inflow channel 11, each abrasive material inflow channel 10 is a channel of equal cross-section; abrasive material for processing enters the flow channel 10 for convection from the through hole in the center of the bottom backing plate 9 through the abrasive channel formed between the base 5 and the fixture upper cover 1 The flow channel walls 12 of the workpiece on both sides of the channel 10 are processed, and finally flow from the through hole in the center of the workpiece to the discharge hole 13 of the fixture upper cover 1 to the abrasive collecting device.

The base 5 is positioned on the bottom pad 9 through the positioning strip 6 .

The head portion of the sharp edge protection rod 3 is provided with a slot for inserting the sharp edge of the workpiece.

The tail portion of the sharp-edged protection rod 3 is provided with a positioning groove 14, and the fixed ring 4 is also provided with a positioning groove 15 for inserting the tail of the sharp-edged protection rod 3 with the groove 14 for positioning. A pressure ring that fixes the sharp edge protection rod 3 is additionally installed on the fixed ring 4, and the pressure ring is fastened with the fixed ring 4 or connected with screws.

The deflector column 7 is connected with a limit plate 16 to prevent its transitional insertion, and the limit plate 16 is fixed on the cylindrical outer ring of the upper cover 1 of the fixture through a fastening hoop 8 .

The sharp-edged protective rod of the present invention can choose polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and other plastics with good elasticity according to the actual workpiece, which can prevent the sharp edge of the workpiece from being damaged in the abrasive streamer finishing process.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention can obtain better surface quality (<0.1mm and surface consistency) for workpieces with variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structures through one-time processing.

The drainage column of the present invention has exactly the same internal structure as the flow channel, and the size is slightly smaller. It extends into the flow channel so that the flow channel for the abrasive flow is equal in cross-sectional area from the entrance to the exit. Therefore, when performing abrasive flow processing, the inner wall of the workpiece flow channel The pressure is relatively uniform, so the workpiece with complex variable cross-section channel structure can be processed through one flow of abrasive and obtain high surface consistency.

The invention can complete the smoothing processing of parts with complex variable cross-section special-shaped channel structure through one flow of abrasive, and ensure high surface quality and high processing uniformity, and the device is simple, easy to install and disassemble, and can realize high-efficiency and high-precision processing Parts containing complex channel structures with variable cross-sections.

The bottom backing plate of the present invention, the base, the upper cover of the fixture, the drainage column, and the sharp-edged protection rod are integrated to form a closed flow channel, and the abrasive enters the clamp body through the center hole of the bottom backing plate, and enters the workpiece along the flow channel. The sharp edge protection rod protects the sharp edge at the exit to prevent abrasives from destroying the thin wall at the exit, which can successfully protect the thin wall structure in the workpiece.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the flow path of the part of the present invention that includes a complex variable-section channel structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drainage column of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of drainage of a single channel of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an overall schematic diagram of the sharp edge protection rod of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the head of the sharp edge protection rod of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the tail of the sharp-edged protection rod of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the fixing ring of the sharp edge protection rod of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the mortise and tenon cooperation between the sharp edge protection rod and the fixing ring according to the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1-9.

A special fixture for abrasive flow finishing with a variable cross-section and special-shaped channel structure, which includes a bottom backing plate 9 and a base 5, the bottom backing plate 9 is fixedly connected to the processing machine tool, and a through hole for abrasive materials to enter is provided in the center, and the base 5 passes through the positioning bar 6 Positioned on the bottom backing plate 9, the function of the positioning bar 6 is to realize the circumferential positioning of the base, and in addition to form an abrasive channel between the base 5 and the bottom backing plate 9, and the base 5 is set in the fixture upper cover 1 , the fixture upper cover 1 is fixed on the bottom backing plate 9, the height of the fixture upper cover 1 should ensure the axial positioning of its internal installation parts, the workpiece 2 (as shown in Figure 2) is installed on the base 5, on the base 5, The center of the workpiece 2 is installed on the fixed ring 4 shown in Figure 8. The sharp edge protection rod 3 is installed on the fixed ring 4 and fixed by the pressure ring. The pressure ring can adopt the tenon riveting structure shown in Figure 9, or can The fastening structure or the screw structure are connected, and the shape of the sharp edge protection rod 3 is as shown in Figure 5. Its rod head part is inserted into the sharp edge of the flow path of the inner ring of the workpiece 2 to prevent abrasives from damaging the sharp edge of the inner ring of the workpiece, such as Fig. 6; On the cylindrical side of fixture loam cake 1, be processed with the jack for inserting guide post 7 as shown in Fig. 3, the main part of guide post 7 is inserted in the flow channel 10 of workpiece 2 and makes every Two flow channels 10 form two abrasive material inflow channels 11, and each abrasive material inflow channel 10 is an equal cross-section channel, as shown in Figure 4; the abrasive material for processing is formed between the base 5 and the fixture loam cake 1 through the through hole at the center of the bottom backing plate 9 The abrasive channel enters the flow channel 10 to process the flow channel walls 12 of the workpiece on both sides of the flow channel 10, and finally flows from the through hole in the center of the workpiece to the discharge hole 13 of the fixture upper cover 1 to the abrasive collection device. During specific implementation, the sharp-edged protection rod 3 can be selected according to the actual workpiece, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and other elastic plastics, which can prevent the abrasive streamer from damaging the sharp edge of the workpiece. Its rod head part is provided with the slot that inserts for workpiece sharp edge, as Fig. 6, and the rod tail part of described sharp edge protection rod 3 is provided with positioning groove 14 (as Fig. 7), also on fixed ring 4 There is a positioning groove 15 (Fig. 8) for inserting the tail of the sharp edge protection rod 3 with the groove 14 for positioning, and a pressure ring for fixing the sharp edge protection rod 3 is installed on the fixing ring 4. The pressure ring and the The fixing ring 4 is fastened or connected with screws. The deflector column 7 is connected with a limit plate 16 to prevent its transitional insertion, as shown in FIG. 3 , the limit plate 16 is fixed on the cylindrical outer ring of the clamp upper cover 1 by a fastening hoop 8 , as shown in FIG. 1 .

The details are as follows:

In the present invention, the bottom backing plate is connected to the base through a positioning strip, the groove at the head of the sharp-edged protection rod covers the sharp edge of the inner wall of the workpiece flow channel, and the fixing ring of the sharp-edged protection rod is combined through a mortise and tenon structure. The cover plate of the fixing ring presses the fixing ring of the sharp-edged protective rod, the fastening bolt is screwed into the center hole of the base from the center of the cover plate of the fixing ring, and the upper cover of the clamp is placed on the On the bottom backing plate, the drainage column extends into the flow channel from the oblique holes around the upper cover, and the drainage column fixing hoop is fixed and locked by bolts and nuts to lock the drainage column.

In a successful case of the present invention, the bottom backing plate cooperates with the base through the positioning bar, the structure is simple, and the installation and disassembly are convenient and quick.

In one of the successful cases of this invention, the base is positioned by angle irons and cylindrical bosses.

In one of the successful cases of the present invention, the groove at the head of the sharp-edged protection rod covers the sharp edge of the inner wall of the workpiece flow channel. center of circle.

In one of the successful cases of the present invention, the tails of the sharp-edged protection rods all point to the center of the circle, and the sharp-edged protection rod fixing ring fixes the sharp-edged protection rods through a similar mortise and tenon structure, which has a simple structure and is convenient and quick to install and unload.

In one of the successful cases of the present invention, the sharp edge protection rod uses plastics such as polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, etc. to prevent the sharp edge of the workpiece from being damaged during abrasive flow finishing.

In one of the successful cases of the present invention, the internal structure of the drainage column is exactly the same as that of the flow channel, and the size is slightly smaller. It extends into the flow channel and forms a 3-5mm gap with the wall of the flow channel for abrasive flow, so when performing abrasive flow processing , the pressure on the inner wall of the workpiece flow channel is more uniform, so a higher surface consistency can be obtained.

In one of the successful cases of the present invention, the protruding limiting plate of the outer ring of the drainage column fits the hollow part of the fixing hoop of the drainage column, the tightening method is simple, and the installation and unloading are simple and quick.

In one of the successful cases of the present invention, the bottom backing plate of the fixture, the base, the upper cover of the fixture, the drainage column, and the sharp-edged protection rod are integrated to form a closed flow channel, and the abrasive enters the clamp body through the center hole of the bottom backing plate. Entering the workpiece along the flow channel, the sharp edge protection rod protects the sharp edge at the exit to prevent abrasives from destroying the thin wall at the exit.

The working principle of the present invention is:

Place the assembled fixture on the machine tool table. After the machine tool closes the mold, the piston pushes the liquid abrasive in the abrasive cylinder into the fixture body through the center hole of the bottom backing plate. The liquid abrasive enters into the closed channel formed by the bottom backing plate, the base and the upper cover. Enter the workpiece flow channel plugged with the drainage column along the predetermined flow channel. There is an equal cross-sectional gap between the drainage column and the inner wall of the workpiece, and the liquid abrasive flows to the outlet through the gap, and the sharp-edged protection rod at the outlet is embedded on the sharp channel wall of the inner outlet of the workpiece flow channel, so the liquid abrasive will flow along the sharp edge. The edge protection rod does not touch the sharp wall and flows out of the clamp body, and the sharp edge protection rod plays a role in protecting the sharp edge. The sharp-edged protection rods matching the number of runners are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the sharp-edged protection rod fixing ring fixes a plurality of sharp-edged protection rods in a manner similar to mortise and tenon fit. Embedding the corresponding number of drainage columns on the upper cover of the fixture is fixed with the drainage column fastening hoop 8 .

The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be realized by adopting the prior art.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of special-shaped channel design abrasive flows skin processing special fixture of variable cross-section, it includes backing plate at bottom（9）And base （5）, backing plate at bottom（9）It is fixedly connected with machining tool, center is provided with the through hole entered for abrasive material, base（5）It is positioned at bottom Backing plate（9）On, it is characterized in that described base（5）It is sleeved on fixture and covers（1）In, covered on fixture（1）It is fixed on backing plate at bottom （9）On, workpiece（2）Installed in base（5）On, in base（5）Upper, workpiece（2）Center position be arranged on retainer ring（4）, Retainer ring（4）On sharp edge guard bar is installed（3）, sharp edge guard bar（3）Club head portion insertion workpiece（2）The runner of inner ring is sharp To prevent damage of the abrasive material to workpiece inner ring sharp edge on side；Covered on fixture（1）Cylindricality side on be machined with and supply diversion column（7） The jack of insertion, diversion column（7）Main part insertion workpiece（2）Runner（10）In and make each runner（10）Form two Abrasive material flow channel（11）, each abrasive material flow channel（10）For uiform section passage；Processing abrasive material is from backing plate at bottom（9）Center Through hole through base（5）With being covered on fixture（1）Between the abrasive material passage that is formed enter described runner（10）In to runner（10） The flow path wall of the workpiece of both sides（12）It is processed, finally flows to and covered on fixture from the through hole of workpiece centre（1）Discharge opening （13）Flow to grinding material collecting device.

2. the special-shaped channel design abrasive flows skin processing special fixture of variable cross-section according to claim 1, it is characterized in that institute The base stated（5）Pass through positioning strip（6）It is positioned at backing plate at bottom（9）On.

3. the special-shaped channel design abrasive flows skin processing special fixture of variable cross-section according to claim 1, it is characterized in that institute The sharp edge guard bar stated（3）Club head portion be provided with slot for the insertion of workpiece sharp edge.

4. the special-shaped channel design abrasive flows skin processing special fixture of variable cross-section according to claim 1, it is characterized in that institute The sharp edge guard bar stated（3）Bar portion be provided with positioning groove（14）, in retainer ring（4）On also be provided with supply sharp edge guard bar （3）With positioning groove（14）Afterbody insertion detent（15）, in retainer ring（4）On add sharp edge guard bar （3）Fixed pressure ring, pressure ring and retainer ring（4）Snapping is connected with screw.

5. the special-shaped channel design abrasive flows skin processing special fixture of variable cross-section according to claim 1, it is characterized in that institute The diversion column stated（7）It is connected with the limiting plate for preventing that its transition from inserting（16）, limiting plate（16）By fastening cranse（8）It is fixed on Covered on fixture（1）Cylindricality outer ring on.