CN107027550A - A kind of multi-functional plant protection device and its application method based on growth cabinet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box and its application method, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural measuring instruments and plant protection machinery, and solves the problems of low intelligence level, serious environmental pollution and crop maintenance in the existing greenhouse technology. The problem of low efficiency. The device of the present invention includes an artificial climate box, a machine vision system, a soil moisture sensing system, a spray system and a ball linear guide assembly; the artificial climate box includes a sample laboratory; the machine vision system includes a camera and a monitoring computer; The soil moisture sensing system includes a sensor module; the spraying system includes a spray head; the spray head is arranged on the ball linear guide assembly. The invention can realize fixed-point, quantitative and precise spraying of pesticides and timely and appropriate scientific irrigation water supply through the precise spraying system, improve the utilization efficiency of pesticides and irrigation water, reduce excessive residues of pesticides on target plants, and significantly save irrigation water consumption.

Description

A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box and its application method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural measuring instruments and plant protection machinery, in particular to a multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box and a method for using the same.

Background technique

The artificial climate chamber is a scientific instrument that can simulate and create a natural environment. It can set the corresponding environmental parameters such as light intensity, light cycle, temperature, humidity, etc. according to the needs of the experiment, and configure spectral plant growth lights according to the needs of the target plants. The organic combination of factors can simulate various meteorological types that may occur in nature to study the relationship between meteorological factors and target plant characteristics, and finally obtain regular results to guide production and research and development of precision instruments. The existing artificial climate chamber can only provide the environment required for plant growth, and cannot monitor the target plants for cultivation and carry out corresponding management measures.

With the reduction of agricultural personnel and the increase of labor costs, the traditional agricultural model that mainly relies on manpower is becoming more and more unsustainable. It is already the current agricultural model to reduce the workload of manpower in the planting process, increase the degree of agricultural automation, and improve production efficiency. urgent need for continued development. The current greenhouse can effectively adjust the environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, illuminance, carbon dioxide concentration, etc.) of the growth of agricultural and forestry crops, which improves the automation of the greenhouse. However, the level of intelligence, automation, and networking of greenhouses is relatively low. Traditional monitoring and forecasting of agricultural and forestry diseases and insect pests is mainly obtained by manual counting or visual observation, which is slow, subjectivity, high misjudgment rate, poor real-time performance, labor-intensive, and some characteristics are difficult to describe quantitatively, seriously restricting information Development of management technology. my country's backward development of plant protection machinery, traditional pesticide application methods and unscientific irrigation methods have resulted in low pesticide utilization rates, excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products, environmental pollution, and serious waste of water resources. At the same time, the traditional irrigation method, in which agricultural and forestry producers determine water consumption based on subjective experience, causes serious waste of water resources.

Contents of the invention

1. Problems to be solved

Aiming at the problems of low intelligence level, serious environmental pollution and low efficiency of crop maintenance in the existing greenhouse technology; the present invention provides a multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box and its use method. , to achieve online real-time monitoring based on image processing technology, aiming at the growth status and occurrence of diseases and insect pests of target plants cultivated on a large scale in artificial climate chambers, using image processing technology to monitor target plants non-destructively, quickly and in real time, not only can Detect the morphological and structural parameters of target plants such as leaf area, leaf circumference, stem diameter, petiole angle, etc., obtain the morphological and structural characteristics of target plants in different growth stages, and promote the development of intelligent plant protection machinery suitable for spraying at various growth stages; it can also be based on Leaf hollows and leaf edge incompleteness are used to determine the damage of target plant pests, and to monitor the occurrence of target plant diseases through changes in leaf color (withered yellow, chlorotic, etc.), shape (withered, curled, etc.) and leaf texture , to provide theoretical data for the establishment of an expert system for the diagnosis of target plant diseases and insect pests, use soil moisture sensors to monitor the moisture information of the cultivated soil, analyze the water demand of target plants at different growth stages, provide a theoretical basis for actual planting and production irrigation, and realize it through the precise spraying system Fixed-point, quantitative and precise spraying of pesticides and timely and appropriate scientific irrigation water supply can improve the utilization efficiency of pesticides and irrigation water, reduce excessive residues of pesticides on target plants, and significantly save irrigation water.

2. Technical solution

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box, including an artificial climate box, and also includes a machine vision system, a soil moisture sensing system, a spray system and a ball linear guide assembly;

The artificial climate box includes a sample laboratory and a pallet support frame, and the pallet support frame is installed and fixed on the side wall of the sample laboratory; the pallet support frame is provided with flowers for planting target plants. Bowl;

The machine vision system includes a camera and a monitoring computer; the camera is arranged on the top and side of the inner wall of the sample laboratory; the camera is connected to the monitoring computer through wireless WiFi;

The soil moisture sensing system includes a sensor module, a processor module, a wireless communication module and an energy supply module; the sensor module is arranged in the soil of the flowerpot; one end of the processor module is connected to the connected to the sensor module, one-way receiving information from the sensor module, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to the wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is connected to the monitoring computer through wireless WiFi; the energy supply module is respectively Connect with the sensor module, processor module and wireless communication module to provide energy for the three;

The spray system includes a spray head; the spray head is arranged on the ball linear guide assembly;

The ball linear guide assembly is fixed in the sample laboratory above the supporting frame of the pallet.

Preferably, the spray system also includes a spray stand, a water pipe, a hose, a sump, a liquid supply tank and a pump;

The spray stand is fixed on the bottom of the artificial climate box; the liquid supply tank is fixed on the spray stand; the water collection tank is provided with a filter, and the water collection tank is fixed on the The bottom of the pallet support frame and the top of the spray stand; the bottom of the sump is connected to the liquid supply tank through the hose; the pump is arranged on the spray stand 1. One side of the liquid supply tank is connected to the liquid supply tank; the nozzle is connected to the pump through the water pipe;

The liquid supply tank includes a water tank and a medicine tank; the pump is connected to the water tank and the medicine tank through two pipelines; a reversing valve is arranged at the confluence of the two pipelines;

The water pipe is also provided with a pressure transmitter, a pressure gauge, an electric regulating valve and a sensor; the electric regulating valve, a reversing valve and the sensor are all connected to a monitoring computer through a PLC.

Preferably, the ball linear guide rail assembly includes a transverse guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail; the longitudinal guide rails include two parallel ones; longitudinal sliders are arranged on the two longitudinal guide rails; both ends of the transverse guide rails They are respectively fixed on the longitudinal sliders; the transverse guide rails are provided with transverse sliders; the spray heads are fixed on the transverse sliders.

Preferably, the monitoring computer is connected to the set mailbox network, and the set mailbox is connected to the mobile phone APP. When the set mailbox receives the alarm picture and When the information is sent, it can be pushed to the mobile APP.

Preferably, a spray head base is fixedly arranged on the transverse slider; the spray head is fixed on the spray head base.

Preferably, both the horizontal slider and the longitudinal slider are driven by motors.

Preferably, the ball linear guide assembly further includes a motion control card, the motion control card is connected to the motor driving the horizontal slider and the vertical slider, and controls the interface, router and monitoring via WiFi computer connection.

Preferably, bolt covers are provided on the horizontal guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail; end covers are provided at both ends of the horizontal slide block and the longitudinal slide block, and oil wipers and oil nipples are provided on the end covers.

Preferably, both the horizontal guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail are provided with slide grooves, and steel balls are arranged in the slide grooves, and both sides of the horizontal slide block and the vertical slide block are covered by the steel balls On; the upper and lower sides of the steel balls are provided with steel ball holders.

The above-mentioned method for using a multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box comprises the following steps:

Step 1, placing the target plant in a flower pot on the supporting frame of the pallet, setting the growth environment parameters required for the growth of the target plant such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and light cycle;

Step 2, monitor the growth of the target plant in real time through the camera, and send the acquired image information to the monitoring computer; monitor the water information of different cultivation soil depths in the flowerpot in real time through the sensor module, and send the information to the monitoring computer;

Step 3, the monitoring computer described in step 2 extracts the morphological structure parameters of the target plant and the occurrence information of diseases and insect pests through the image processing technology to the received image information, and analyzes the received moisture information of different cultivation soil depths;

Step 4, if the information received by the monitoring computer in the above step 3 indicates that pests and diseases have occurred in the target plant, the monitoring computer will feed back the information on the occurrence of pests and diseases to the PLC and the motion control card, and the motion control card will trigger the motor to drive the horizontal slider and the vertical slider , the longitudinal slider drives the horizontal guide rail to move longitudinally, the horizontal slider drives the nozzle to move to the area above the target plant where plant diseases and insect pests occur, the PLC controls the reversing valve to open the pipeline connected to the medicine box, and controls the electric regulating valve Turn on the water pipe, control the start of the pump, and realize the fixed-point quantitative spraying of pesticides by the spray system on the pest-infested area. The sensor is used to feed back the flow of pesticides, prompting the PLC to adjust the spraying amount in real time;

Step 5, collect the dripping medicinal liquid in step 4 through the water collection tank, filter the collected medicinal liquid and introduce it into the liquid supply tank through a hose, and reuse the medicinal liquid to realize a green and energy-saving test;

Step 6, if the information received by the monitoring computer in the above step 3 indicates that the water content of the culture soil is lower than the water content required for the growth of the target plant, the monitoring computer will feed back the above information to the PLC and the motion control card, and the motion control card will trigger the motor Drive the horizontal slider and the vertical slider, the vertical slider drives the horizontal guide rail to move longitudinally, the horizontal slider drives the nozzle to move to the top of the dry and water-deficient area, and the PLC controls the reversing valve to open and connect with the water tank Pipes, control the electric regulating valve to open the water pipe, control the pump to start, and realize the spray irrigation of the dry and water-deficient areas by the spray system.

3. Beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) On the basis of the existing artificial climate box, the present invention integrates a machine vision system and a precise spray control device, realizes the whole process of regular tracking and measurement of the whole life growth cycle of each organ of the target plant, and uses machine recognition technology to perform non-destructive monitoring of the target plant. , rapid and real-time monitoring, to obtain the morphological and structural characteristics of target plants, which can promote the development of intelligent plant protection machinery suitable for spraying pesticides at various growth stages; monitor the occurrence of diseases and insect pests during the growth of target plants and carry out corresponding management; and in the culture soil The soil moisture sensor is deployed in the center to continuously measure the moisture information in the cultivation soil for a long time, and analyze the water demand law of different growth and development stages of target plants and the irrigation water volume of different growth stages;

(2) Since the artificial climate box is a closed environment, it is not easy to cause diseases and insect pests, so it can be targeted to infect the target plants during the growth process, and extract the leaves of the target plants when the relevant diseases and insect pests occur. The incompleteness of leaf edges, the color (withered yellow, chlorosis, etc.), shape (withered, curled, etc.) and leaf texture images of related organs provide theoretical data for the construction of an expert diagnosis system for target plant diseases and insect pests, and better support for agricultural production practice. Service; the present invention integrates a machine vision system and a precise spraying system on the basis of the existing artificial climate box, and mainly completes the real-time online monitoring of target plant growth and pests and diseases, as well as the precise application of target plant diseases and insect pests, which can realize agricultural and forestry plants in confined spaces. The adjustment of the growth environment, the real-time online monitoring of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests during the growth process, and the corresponding precise pest control provide a theoretical basis, and gradually apply this technology to the existing greenhouses, so that the greenhouses can not only regulate the growth environment of agricultural and forestry plants It can also monitor the occurrence of pests and diseases of agricultural and forestry plants, and carry out precise control of pests and diseases, build intelligent and automated greenhouses, and promote the development of greenhouse technology in China;

(3) The bolt cover and oil scraper in the device of the present invention belong to the ball linear guide rail dust-proof system; the end cover can prevent dust or foreign matter from accumulating on the guide rail, thereby preventing metal wear due to foreign matter; the oil nozzle belongs to the ball linear guide rail lubrication For the system part, the oil nozzle is equipped with an oil pipe joint connected to the oil supply device;

(4) In the device of the present invention, the pressure transmitter and the pressure gauge are all connected to the water pipe through a three-way joint; the reversing valve is connected with the pipeline through its own threaded hole; The cross-sectional area between the core and the valve seat controls the process parameters such as the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the pipeline medium, and realizes the automatic adjustment function;

(5) The sensor module of the present invention is responsible for the collection and conversion data of the moisture information of the cultivated soil. When collecting the moisture information of the cultivated soil, the sensor module is placed in the cultivated soil, and the moisture information at different positions can be collected according to the different placement positions If the sensor is placed at different depths of the culture soil, moisture information at different depths can be collected;

(6) In the method of the present invention, a water collection tank is utilized to collect the dripped medicinal liquid, and the collected medicinal liquid is filtered and introduced into the liquid supply tank through a hose, and the medicinal liquid is reused to realize a green and energy-saving test;

(7) Machine identification of agricultural and forestry plant diseases and insect pests is an important part of information agriculture and forestry. The use of machine identification technology can carry out non-destructive, fast and real-time monitoring of plants, not only the area of leaves, the circumference of leaves, the diameter of stems, and the clip of petioles can be detected. Angle and other external growth parameters can also be used to determine the damage degree of plant pests according to the hollowness of leaves and the incompleteness of leaf edges, as well as changes in leaf color (withered yellow, chlorotic, etc.), shape (withered, curled, etc.) and leaf texture To monitor the occurrence of target plant diseases; the present invention improves the existing artificial climate box, integrates the machine vision system, precision spray control device and precision irrigation system into the artificial climate box, and can carry out the test by setting the operating parameters. At the same time, the image processing technology is used to monitor and analyze the target plants in real time online. If the target plants suffer from pests and diseases, they can respond quickly and manage the target plants with pests and diseases. Long-term continuous and regular monitoring of the moisture content of the plant, and obtain data information to guide the operator to carry out timely and appropriate scientific irrigation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the multifunctional plant protection device based on the artificial climate box of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a connection diagram of the soil moisture sensing system;

Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of spraying system in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the spray bench structural diagram of spray system in the device of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the ball linear guide assembly in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a top structural view of the water collection tank of the spray system in the device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, artificial climate chamber; 101, sample laboratory; 102, pallet support frame;

201. Video camera; 202. Monitoring computer;

301. Sensor module; 302. Processor module; 303. Wireless communication module; 304. Energy supply module;

4. Spray system; 401, nozzle; 402, spray stand; 403, water pipe; 404, hose; 405, sump; 406, liquid supply tank; 407, pump; 408, pressure transmitter; 409, pressure gauge ; 410, electric regulating valve; 411, sensor;

5. Ball linear guide rail assembly; 501, horizontal guide rail; 502, longitudinal guide rail; 503, longitudinal slider; 504, horizontal slider; 505, bolt cover; 506, oil scraper;

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multifunctional plant protection device based on artificial climate box, comprises artificial climate box 1, machine vision system, soil moisture sensing system, spraying system 4 and ball linear guide assembly 5;

The artificial climate box 1 includes a sample laboratory 101 and a pallet support frame 102, and the pallet support frame 102 is installed and fixed on the side wall of the sample laboratory 101; the pallet support frame 102 is set Pots with target plants;

The machine vision system includes a camera 201, a camera bracket and a monitoring computer 202; the camera bracket is fixed on the top and side of the inner wall of the sample laboratory 101 by bolts; the camera 201 is arranged on the On the camera bracket; the camera 201 is connected with the monitoring computer 202 through wireless WiFi;

The monitoring computer 202 described in this embodiment is connected to the set mailbox network, and the described mailbox is connected to the mobile phone APP. Alarm pictures and information can be pushed to the mobile APP;

In this embodiment, the machine vision system is used for online real-time monitoring of plant growth and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. It can remotely monitor target plants with mobile phones, observe the growth status of target plants in real time, and realize plant morphological and structural characteristics based on image processing technology through the machine vision system. Parameter extraction and identification of plant diseases and insect pests based on image processing technology, and feed back the real-time acquisition of target plant growth parameters and occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests to the client, so that testers can understand the specific conditions of target plants in real time; The system automatically takes pictures and uploads them to the set mailbox, and the mailbox receives the alarm pictures and information in time, and pushes the alarm message to the mobile APP in real time to remind the user;

As shown in Figure 2, the soil moisture sensing system includes a sensor module 301, a processor module 302, a wireless communication module 303 and an energy supply module 304; the sensor module 301 is arranged in the soil of the flowerpot One end of the processor module 302 is connected to the sensor module 301, one-way receiving information from the sensor module 301, and the other end is bidirectionally connected to the wireless communication module 303; The WiFi is connected to the monitoring computer 202; the energy supply module 304 is connected to the sensor module 301, the processor module 302 and the wireless communication module 303 respectively to provide energy for the three;

In this embodiment, the sensor module is responsible for collecting information in the monitoring area and converting data, controlling the operation of the entire sensor system node, storing the data collected by itself and the data transmitted by other nodes; the wireless communication module mainly completes communication with other system nodes Wireless communication tasks; the energy supply module is responsible for supplying energy when the system nodes are running; the sensor module performs long-term continuous and regular monitoring of the moisture content of the culture soil in each culture vessel, and transmits these data information to The user's mobile phone client, which makes irrigation decisions;

The specific flow of the above-mentioned data information being transmitted to the user's mobile phone client through the wireless communication module is: the described monitoring computer is connected to the set mailbox network, the described set mailbox is connected to the mobile phone APP, when the set When the mailbox receives the alarm pictures and information from the monitoring computer, it can be pushed to the mobile APP;

As shown in Figure 3, the spray system 4 includes a nozzle 401, a spray stand 402, a water pipe 403, a hose 404, a sump 405, a liquid supply tank 406 and a pump 407;

The spray stand 402 is fixed on the bottom of the artificial climate box 1; the liquid supply tank 406 is fixed on the spray stand 402; 405 is fixed below the pallet support frame 102 and above the spray stand 402. The top view structure of the sump 405 is shown in Figure 7; the bottom of the sump 405 passes through the hose 404 It is connected with the liquid supply tank 406; the pump 407 is arranged on the spray platform 402, on one side of the liquid supply tank 406, and is connected with the liquid supply tank 406; the spray head 401 is connected with the pump 407 through the water pipe 403;

The liquid supply tank 406 includes a water tank and a medicine tank; the pump 407 is respectively connected to the water tank and the medicine tank through two pipelines; a reversing valve is arranged at the confluence of the two pipelines;

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the water pipe 403 is also provided with a pressure transmitter 408, a pressure gauge 409, an electric regulating valve 410 and a sensor 411; All are connected with the monitoring computer 202 through PLC;

As shown in Figure 6, the ball linear guide assembly 5 includes a transverse guide rail 501 and a longitudinal guide rail 502; the longitudinal guide rails 502 include two parallel ones; the two longitudinal guide rails 502 are provided with longitudinal sliders 503; the two ends of the transverse guide rail 501 are respectively fixed on the longitudinal slider 503; the transverse guide rail 501 is provided with a transverse slider 504; the transverse slider 504 and the longitudinal slider 503 are all driven by a motor; under the drive of the motor, the horizontal slider 504 and the vertical slider 503 are respectively moved along the direction of the horizontal guide rail 501 and the longitudinal guide rail 502, and the nozzle is driven to move along the direction of the horizontal guide rail 501 and the longitudinal guide rail 502. Plane movement;

The two longitudinal guide rails 502 are fixed in the sample laboratory 101 above the pallet support frame 102;

As shown in FIG. 3 , a nozzle base is fixedly arranged on the horizontal slider 504; the nozzle 401 is fixed on the nozzle base;

The ball linear guide assembly 5 also includes a motion control card, and the motion control card is connected to the motor that drives the horizontal slider 504 and the vertical slider 503, and is controlled through a WiFi control interface, a router, and a monitoring computer 202 connection;

In this embodiment, the spraying system obtains the information fed back by the monitoring computer through the PLC, that is, it receives the target plant pest information and position information fed back from the machine vision system, and the monitoring computer analyzes the received target plant pest pest to determine whether it is necessary to spray pesticides and Information such as the coordinate position parameters of the target plants that need to be sprayed, is controlled by the motion control card to move the ball linear guide rail to move in a plane, and the nozzle is driven to move above the target plants that need to be sprayed. At the same time, the spraying amount is determined according to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. The system sends on/off instructions to the relevant valves to control the work of the precise spraying system to achieve fixed-point and quantitative spraying of pesticides on target plants with pests and diseases, reducing the amount of pesticides used and the amount of residues on target plants; Bolts are installed and fixed on the side wall of the sample test room of the artificial climate box, used to collect the liquid medicine dripped during the spraying process and the liquid medicine splashed and slipped on the side wall of the artificial climate box. It is connected with the liquid supply tank, and the collected liquid medicine is drained into the medicine box for recycling and reuse, so as to save pesticides and realize green environmental protection and energy-saving experiments;

The above-mentioned motion control card is a PC-based and industrial PC-based upper control unit used in various motion control occasions including displacement, speed, acceleration, etc., by changing the frequency of the pulse to control the speed of the motor and changing the number of pulses sent to control the position of the motor; the motion control card receives the feedback from the monitoring system on the situation of pests and diseases, the situation of dryness and water shortage, and the position information, controls the distance of the slider in the horizontal and vertical movement, and quickly moves to the top of the plants with diseases and insect pests and dry water shortages. Fixed-point quantitative spraying of pesticides/water supply on target plants with pests and diseases/dry water shortage;

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, bolt covers 505 are provided on the transverse guide rail 501 and the longitudinal slider 502; end caps 507 are provided at both ends of the transverse slider 504 and the longitudinal slider 503 , the end cover 507 is provided with an oil scraper 506 and an oil nipple 508; the bolt cover and the oil scraper are part of the dust-proof system of the ball linear guide; the end cover can prevent dust or foreign matter from accumulating on the guide rail, thereby preventing metal Wear and tear; the oil nipple is part of the ball linear guide lubrication system, and the oil nipple is equipped with an oil pipe joint connected to the oil supply device;

Both the transverse guide rail 501 and the longitudinal guide rail 502 are provided with chute, and steel balls are arranged in the chute, and both sides of the transverse slide block 504 and the longitudinal slide block 503 are sleeved on the On the steel ball; the upper and lower sides of the steel ball are provided with a steel ball retainer, which can make the ball linear guide assembly 5 run more stably.

A method for using the above-mentioned multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box, comprising the steps of:

Step 1, placing the target plant in a flower pot on the support frame 102, and setting the growth environment parameters required for the growth of the target plant such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and light cycle;

Step 2, monitor the growth of the target plant in real time through the camera 201, and send the acquired image information to the monitoring computer 202; monitor the water information of different cultivation soil depths in the flowerpot in real time through the sensor module 301, and send the information to monitoring computer 202;

Step 3, the monitoring computer 202 described in step 2 extracts the morphological structure parameters of the target plant and the occurrence information of diseases and insect pests through the image processing technology on the received image information, and analyzes the received moisture information of different cultivation soil depths;

Step 4, if the information received by the monitoring computer 202 in the above step 3 indicates that the target plant has a disease and insect pest, the monitoring computer 202 feeds back the information on the occurrence of the disease and insect pest to the PLC and the motion control card, and the motion control card triggers the motor to drive the horizontal slider 504 and The vertical slider 503, the vertical slider 503 drives the horizontal guide rail 501 to move longitudinally, the horizontal slider 504 drives the nozzle 401 to move to the area above the target plant where diseases and insect pests occur, the PLC controls the reversing valve to open and the medicine box Connected pipelines, control the electric regulating valve 410 to open the water pipe 403, and control the pump 407 to start, so that the spray system 4 can spray pesticides at fixed points and quantitatively on the pest area. Real-time adjustment;

Step 5, collect the medical solution dropped in step 4 through the sump 405, and import the collected medical solution into the liquid supply tank 406 through the hose 404;

Step 6, if the information received by the monitoring computer 202 in the above step 3 shows that the water content of the culture soil is lower than the water content required for the growth of the target plant, the monitoring computer 202 will feed back the above information to the PLC and the motion control card, and the motion control card The trigger motor drives the horizontal slider 504 and the vertical slider 503. The vertical slider 503 drives the horizontal guide rail 501 to move longitudinally. The reversing valve opens the pipeline connected with the water tank, controls the electric regulating valve 410 to open the water pipe 403, and controls the pump 407 to start, so that the spraying system 4 can spray and irrigate dry and water-deficient areas.

Claims (10)

1. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box, comprising an artificial climate box (1), is characterized in that: it also includes a machine vision system, a soil moisture sensing system, a spray system (4) and a ball linear guide assembly ( 5); The artificial climate box (1) includes a sample laboratory (101) and a pallet support frame (102), and the pallet support frame (102) is installed and fixed on the side wall of the sample laboratory (101) ; Described pallet support frame (102) is provided with the flowerpot of planting target plant; Described machine vision system comprises camera (201) and monitoring computer (202); Described camera (201) is arranged on the inner wall top and side of described sample laboratory (101); Described camera (201) Connect with described monitoring computer (202) by wireless WiFi; The soil moisture sensing system includes a sensor module (301), a processor module (302), a wireless communication module (303) and an energy supply module (304); the sensor module (301) is arranged on the flower In the soil of pot; One end of described processor module (302) is connected with described sensor module (301), one-way receives the information from sensor module (301), and the other end is connected with described wireless communication module (303) Two-way connection; the wireless communication module (303) is connected with the monitoring computer (202) through wireless WiFi; the energy supply module (304) is respectively connected with the sensor module (301), the processor module ( 302) and the wireless communication module (303) are connected to provide energy for the three; The spray system (4) includes a spray head (401); the spray head (401) is arranged on the ball linear guide assembly (5); The ball linear guide assembly (5) is fixed in the sample laboratory (101) above the pallet support frame (102). 2. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 1, characterized in that: said spraying system (4) also includes a spray stand (402), a water pipe (403), a hose (404), sump (405), liquid supply tank (406) and pump (407); The spray stand (402) is fixed on the bottom of the artificial climate box (1); the liquid supply tank (406) is fixed on the spray stand (402); the sump ( 405) is provided with a filter screen, and the sump (405) is fixed below the pallet support frame (102) and above the spray stand (402); the bottom of the sump (405) passes through The hose (404) is connected to the liquid supply tank (406); the pump (407) is arranged on the spray stand (402), and the liquid supply tank (406)- The side is connected with the liquid supply tank (406); the spray head (401) is connected with the pump (407) through the water pipe (403); The liquid supply tank (406) includes a water tank and a medicine tank; the pump (407) is connected to the water tank and the medicine tank through two pipelines; a reversing valve is arranged at the confluence of the two pipelines; The water pipe (403) is also provided with a pressure transmitter (408), a pressure gauge (409), an electric regulating valve (410) and a sensor (411); the electric regulating valve (410), the reversing valve And sensors (411) are all connected with monitoring computer (202) through PLC. 3. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ball linear guide assembly (5) includes a transverse guide rail (501) and a longitudinal guide rail (502); The longitudinal guide rails (502) include two parallel ones; the two longitudinal guide rails (502) are provided with longitudinal sliders (503); the two ends of the transverse guide rails (501) are respectively fixed on the On the longitudinal slider (503); on the transverse guide rail (501) is provided a transverse slider (504); the spray head (401) is fixed on the transverse slider (504). 4. A kind of multifunctional plant protection device based on artificial climate box according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described monitoring computer (202) is connected with the mailbox network of setting, and the mailbox of described setting is connected with Mobile phone APP connection, when the mailbox of described setting receives the alarm picture and information that send from described monitoring computer (202), can push to mobile phone APP. 5. The multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 3, characterized in that: said transverse slider (504) is fixedly provided with a nozzle base; said nozzle (401) is fixed on the nozzle base. 6. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 5, characterized in that: both the horizontal slider (504) and the longitudinal slider (503) are driven by a motor. 7. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 6, characterized in that: the ball linear guide assembly (5) also includes a motion control card, and the motion control card is connected with the drive The motors of the horizontal slider (504) and the vertical slider (503) are connected, and are connected with the monitoring computer (202) through a WiFi control interface and a router. 8. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 7, characterized in that: said transverse guide rail (501) and longitudinal guide rail (502) are provided with bolt covers (505); Both ends of the horizontal slider (504) and the longitudinal slider (503) are provided with end caps (507), and the end caps (507) are provided with oil wipers (506) and oil nipples (508). 9. A multifunctional plant protection device based on an artificial climate box according to claim 8, characterized in that: said transverse guide rail (501) and longitudinal guide rail (502) are provided with chute, said Steel balls are arranged in the chute, and the two sides of the horizontal slider (504) and the longitudinal slider (503) are set on the steel balls; the upper and lower sides of the steel balls are provided with steel ball holders. 10. the using method of a kind of multifunctional plant protection device based on artificial climate box described in claim 7, comprises the steps: Step 1, placing the target plant in a flower pot on the support frame (102), and setting the growth environment parameters required for the growth of the target plant such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and light cycle; Step 2, monitor the growth of the target plant in real time through the camera (201), and send the acquired image information to the monitoring computer (202); monitor the moisture information of different cultivation soil depths in the flowerpot in real time through the sensor module (301) , sending the information to the monitoring computer (202); Step 3, the monitoring computer (202) described in step 2 extracts the morphological and structural parameters of the target plant and information on the occurrence of diseases and insect pests through image processing technology for the received image information, and analyzes the received moisture information of different cultivation soil depths; Step 4, if the information received by the monitoring computer (202) in the above step 3 shows that the target plant has a disease and insect pest, the monitoring computer (202) feeds back the information of the disease and insect pest to the PLC and the motion control card, and the motion control card triggers the motor to drive the horizontal The slider (504) and the longitudinal slider (503), the longitudinal slider (503) drives the horizontal guide rail (501) to move longitudinally, and the horizontal slider (504) drives the nozzle (401) to move to the target phytogenesis Above the pest area, the PLC controls the reversing valve to open the pipeline connected to the medicine box, controls the electric regulating valve (410) to open the water pipe (403), and controls the pump (407) to start, so that the spray system (4) can spray the pest area. Fixed-point quantitative spraying of pesticides, the sensor (411) is used to feed back the flow rate of pesticides, prompting the PLC to adjust the spraying amount in real time; Step 5, collect the medicinal liquid dripped in step 4 through the sump (405), filter the collected medicinal liquid and introduce it into the liquid supply tank (406) through the hose (404); Step 6, if the information received by the monitoring computer (202) in the above-mentioned step 3 shows that the water content of the culture soil is lower than the water content required for the growth of the target plant, the monitoring computer (202) feeds back the above information to the PLC and the motion control card, and the The motion control card triggers the motor to drive the horizontal slider (504) and the vertical slider (503), the vertical slider (503) drives the horizontal guide rail (501) to move longitudinally, and the horizontal slider (504) drives the nozzle (401) is transferred to the top of the dry and water-deficient area, and the PLC controls the reversing valve to open the pipeline connected to the water tank, controls the electric regulating valve (410) to open the water pipe (403), and controls the pump (407) to start to realize the spraying system (4) Spray irrigation for dry and water-deficient areas.