CN106984161A - A comprehensive treatment method and device for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment method and a comprehensive treatment device for ship waste gas pollutants and ballast water. The ship waste gas pollutant treatment system provided by the invention adopts a wet scrubbing technology and is divided into two different working modes of independent desulfurization and simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification, wherein the independent desulfurization mode can adopt two different wet scrubbing modes of a closed type and an open type. According to different emission requirements of the ship navigation area on waste gas pollutants, the working modes and modes are freely switched, the operation is convenient, and the integration level, reliability and flexibility of the system are greatly improved.

Description

A comprehensive treatment method and device for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of air pollution caused by ships and treatment of ballast water, and in particular relates to a comprehensive treatment method and device for ship waste gas pollutants and ballast water.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous development of global shipping trade, the average tonnage of ocean-going ships powered by large low-speed diesel engines has increased, while the number has declined slightly. In order to reduce transportation costs, marine diesel engines generally use poor-quality residual oil in the petroleum refining process as fuel, which has high sulfur content, high viscosity, and high residual carbon value, and the exhaust gas after combustion contains a large amount of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ), sulfur oxides (SO _x ), particulate matter (PM) and many other pollutants have caused adverse effects on human health and the atmospheric environment.

In order to control the emission of marine diesel engine exhaust pollutants, in recent years, researchers at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research and development work on marine diesel engine exhaust gas treatment technology, and proposed many ship exhaust pollutant control technologies. For example: Patent No. 201620788920.9 "A Selective Catalytic Reduction Denitrification System", which uses the SCR method to denitrate flue gas, but this method has problems such as large device size, ammonia escape, and easy poisoning and failure of the catalyst. Certain difficulties; Patent No. 201510721307.5 "A SNCR-SCR Flue Gas Denitrification Process", which proposes to organically combine the low-cost characteristics of the SNCR process with the high denitrification efficiency of the SCR process to improve the denitrification efficiency, and the amount of escaped ammonia is small, but the The method still has shortcomings such as large space occupation and high investment and operation costs; Patent No. 201310116629.8 "Sodium Alkali Chemical Absorption - Non-thermal Discharge Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrification System", through the combination of non-thermal plasma discharge pre-oxidation and sodium-alkali absorption technology, In order to achieve the purpose of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification of ship exhaust gas, but this method has obvious problems such as high plasma energy consumption and low denitrification efficiency.

At present, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has increasingly strict requirements on the emission control of SO _x and NO _x in ship exhaust gas, and has specially formulated Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention. How to adopt different desulfurization and denitrification working modes and methods according to the specific requirements of different navigation areas and different working conditions, how to reduce operating costs and improve system integration, reliability and flexibility while meeting emission requirements , These problems have become urgent problems to be solved in the current shipping industry. At present, the existing ship exhaust gas wet scrubbing technology can achieve efficient desulfurization of SO _x in flue gas, such as sodium-alkali seawater method, magnesium-based seawater method and other wet scrubbing post-treatment technologies, which use sodium-alkali or magnesium hydroxide As an additive, it has a good desulfurization effect, but the denitrification effect of these ship exhaust gas wet scrubbing technologies is not obvious. There are patents that use electrolysis of seawater to prepare strong oxidizing solution and strong alkaline solution, and at the same time realize the wet scrubbing treatment of various pollutants such as NO _x , SO _x , and particulate matter in ship exhaust gas, but this method requires high power consumption , which limits the feasibility of related technologies. There are also patents that propose the use of exhaust gas recirculation technology, that is, first remove SO _x by wet scrubbing, and then mix part of the treated exhaust gas with fresh air before entering the diesel engine, and reduce the amount of NO _x produced by reducing the internal combustion temperature of the diesel engine combustion chamber , but the desulfurization effect of this technology depends on the amount of bypass exhaust gas, and it will reduce the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine, resulting in an increase in HC and CO emissions.

Contents of the invention

In order to meet the requirements of the MARPOL Convention on the discharge of exhaust gas pollutants from ocean-going ships in different navigation areas such as high seas, offshore and emission control areas, and in view of the problems existing in the above technologies, the present invention proposes a comprehensive treatment method for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water . This method is a new type of wet scrubbing technology, which is divided into two different working modes: separate desulfurization and simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification. Among them, the separate desulfurization mode can adopt two different wet washing methods: closed and open. This technology can achieve efficient removal of _NOx , _SOx , particulate matter and other pollutants in ship exhaust gas, and at the same time, use the chlorine-containing oxidant stored on board to realize the harmless treatment of ballast water. Based on this method, a comprehensive treatment device for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water is designed.

The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

A comprehensive treatment method for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water, comprising the following steps:

S1. Transport an appropriate amount of lye, chlorine-containing oxidant, and aqueous solution to the water tank through a water pump, and mix to obtain a washing liquid;

When performing desulfurization and denitrification treatment on ship exhaust gas at the same time, the ratio of the chlorine-containing oxidant to the washing liquid is greater than 0;

When desulfurization treatment is only performed on ship exhaust gas, the ratio of the chlorine-containing oxidant to the washing liquid is 0;

S2. The washing liquid enters the washing tower from the upper liquid inlet of the washing tower through the water pump, and then sprays from top to bottom through the washing spray device inside the washing tower. The air inlet at the bottom of the wall enters the washing tower, and reacts with the atomized spray washing liquid through reverse contact, so as to realize the treatment of flue gas. The exhaust gas purified by the washing tower can be directly discharged into the atmosphere after simple treatment;

When desulfurization and denitrification treatment is carried out on ship exhaust gas at the same time or when only ship exhaust gas is desulfurized by the closed washing method, the washing liquid after the exhaust gas is purified in the washing tower is returned to the water tank after being cooled by the cooler, and the water The washing liquid in the tank is removed by the hydrocyclone to remove the solid impurities, the treated solution is returned to the water tank, and the separated solid impurities are discharged into the sludge tank;

When the open scrubbing method is used to desulfurize the exhaust gas of the ship, the scrubbing liquid after the exhaust gas is purified in the scrubber is directly discharged into the sea after simple aeration, slag removal, dilution, etc.;

S3. According to the amount of ballast water in the ballast tank, take an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant, add it to the ballast water tank, and use the strong oxidizing property of chlorine-containing oxidant to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. Finally, the excess chlorine-containing oxidants in the ballast water are eliminated by self-decomposition or subsequent simple treatment.

In the process of treating ship exhaust gas, since the water in the water tank will be lost due to evaporation, impurity removal operations, etc., it is necessary to continuously replenish the aqueous solution during use to maintain the liquid level of the washing liquid in the water tank at normal levels.

The step S2 removes the particulate matter in the ship exhaust gas during the wet scrubbing process of the ship exhaust gas.

Described lye refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several basic compounds in sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate;

Described chlorine-containing oxidizing agent refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several chlorine-containing compounds in sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, chlorine dioxide;

The aqueous solution refers to fresh water or sea water.

The invention also discloses a comprehensive treatment device for ship waste gas pollutants and ballast water, which is characterized in that it includes a water pump I, a chlorine-containing oxidizer tank, an alkali solution tank, a fresh water tank, a water pump VI, a seawater pipe, a hydrocyclone, Sludge tank, water pump Ⅴ, main washing liquid pipe, water pump Ⅱ, water tank, waste liquid storage tank, ballast water tank, water pump Ⅲ, main spray pipe, water pump Ⅳ, agitator, scrubber, cooler, waste liquid Discharge pipe, stop valve Ⅰ, stop valve Ⅱ, stop valve Ⅲ, three-way valve and stop valve Ⅳ;

The chlorine-containing oxidizer tank communicates with the ballast water tank through the water pump I;

The chlorine-containing oxidizer tank communicates with the main washing liquid pipe through the shut-off valve I;

The lye cabinet communicates with the main washing liquid pipe through the shut-off valve II;

The fresh water tank communicates with the main washing liquid pipe through the stop valve III;

The main washing liquid pipe communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet I on the top of the water tank through the water pump II;

The water tank washing liquid outlet I on the top of the water tank communicates with the main spray pipe through the water pump III;

The inside of the washing tower cavity is provided with a multi-layer spraying device, and the liquid inlet of the spraying device is connected with the sub-pipeline of the main spraying pipe;

The bottom of the side wall of the washing tower is provided with an inlet for exhaust gas to be purified, the top is provided with an outlet for purified exhaust gas, and the bottom end is provided with an outlet for washing liquid after purifying the exhaust gas;

The cleaning liquid outlet after the exhaust gas is purified is connected with the cooler cleaning liquid inlet of the cooler through the three-way valve;

The outlet of the cleaning liquid after purifying the exhaust gas is connected to the waste liquid discharge pipe through the three-way valve; the waste liquid discharge pipe can directly discharge the cleaning liquid after the purification of the waste gas into the sea after simple treatment;

The cooler is provided with a refrigerant flow channel, and the cooler washing liquid outlet of the cooler communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet II at the top of the water tank through the water pump IV;

The inner bottom of the water tank is provided with a stirrer for evenly mixing the washing liquid in the water tank;

The washing liquid outlet II of the water tank at the bottom of the side wall of the water tank communicates with the side wall of the hydrocyclone through the water pump V;

The outlet of the hydrocyclone washing liquid at the top of the hydrocyclone communicates with the washing liquid inlet III of the water tank at the top of the water tank;

The solid impurity outlet at the bottom of the hydrocyclone communicates with the sludge tank;

The washing liquid outlet III of the water tank at the bottom of the water tank communicates with the waste liquid storage tank through the stop valve IV;

The seawater pipe communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet IV at the top of the water tank through the water pump VI.

Compared with other ship exhaust gas treatment technologies, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The ship waste gas pollutant treatment system proposed in the present invention adopts wet scrubbing technology, which is divided into two different working modes: separate desulfurization and simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification, among which the separate desulfurization mode can be closed and open. wet cleaning method. According to the different discharge requirements of exhaust pollutants in the navigation area of the ship, the working mode and mode can be switched freely, and the operation is convenient, which greatly improves the integration, reliability and flexibility of the system;

2. The wet cleaning liquid in the present invention adopts lye and chlorine-containing oxidizing agent as desulfurizing agent and denitration oxidizing agent respectively. According to the specific requirements of different navigation areas and different working conditions, an appropriate cleaning liquid is selected to improve the efficiency of comprehensive treatment of ship exhaust gas. Economical, enhancing the practicability of the device;

3. The present invention utilizes the strong oxidizing properties of chlorine-containing oxidants stored onboard to treat bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in ballast water, which can save expensive and large-occupied special ballast water treatment systems, thereby improving Economics of ship operation.

Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the technical fields of ship air pollution prevention and control and ballast water comprehensive treatment.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a comprehensive treatment device for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A comprehensive treatment method for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water. When the ship is sailing in the _NOx emission control area, the ship exhaust gas needs to be desulfurized and denitrified at the same time. The method has the following steps:

S1. Transport an appropriate amount of lye, chlorine-containing oxidant, and aqueous solution to the water tank through a water pump, and mix to obtain a washing liquid;

Described lye refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several basic compounds in sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate;

Described chlorine-containing oxidizing agent refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several chlorine-containing compounds in sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, chlorine dioxide;

The aqueous solution refers to fresh water or sea water.

S2. The washing liquid enters the washing tower from the upper liquid inlet of the washing tower through the water pump, and then sprays from top to bottom through the washing spray device inside the washing tower. The air inlet at the bottom of the wall enters the washing tower, and reacts with the atomized spray washing liquid through reverse contact, so as to realize the treatment of flue gas. The exhaust gas purified by the washing tower can be directly discharged into the atmosphere after simple treatment; The washing liquid after the exhaust gas is purified in the tower is cooled by the cooler and then returned to the water tank. The washing liquid in the water tank is removed by the hydrocyclone to remove solid impurities, and the treated solution is returned to the water tank , and the separated solid impurities are discharged into the sludge tank;

The main desulfurizing agent in the washing liquid is lye, and in the washing tower, the desulfurizing agent reacts with the waste gas to be purified in reverse contact, and the chemical reactions involved are as follows:

SO ₂ (g)→SO ₂ (l);

SO2( _l )+2OH- ⁽ l) _→ ^SO32- (l)+ _H2O (l);

SO3 ₍ l)+2OH- ⁽ l) _→ ^SO42- (l)+ _H2O (l);

When the chlorine-containing oxidizing agent is sodium hypochlorite, the main components of its available chlorine are Cl ₂ , HClO, and ClO ^- , and in the washing tower, it reacts with the exhaust gas to be purified in reverse contact, and the desulfurization and denitrification reactions are as follows:

SO ₂ (g)→SO ₂ (l);

SO2(l) _{+ H2O} (l)→H ⁺ (l)+ _HSO3- ⁽ l);

SO2(l)+ ^3OH- (l) _{→ H2O} ( _l )+ ^SO32- (l);

HClO(l)+ _HSO3- ⁽ l) _→ ^SO42- (l)+2H ⁺ (l)+ ^Cl- (l);

ClO ^- (l) + HSO ₃ ^- (l) → SO ₄ ^2- (l) + H ⁺ (l) + Cl ^- (l);

NO(g)→NO(l);

When the chlorine-containing oxidizing agent is sodium chlorite, the main components of available chlorine are ClO ₂ ⁻ , ClO ₂ , and the desulfurization and denitrification reactions involved are as follows:

SO ₂ (g)→SO ₂ (l);

SO2(l) _{+ H2O} (l)→H ⁺ (l)+ _HSO3- ⁽ l);

SO2(l)+ ^3OH- (l) _{→ H2O} ( _l )+ ^SO32- (l);

_ClO2- ⁽ l)+ _2HSO3- ⁽ l)→ _2SO42- (l)+2H ⁺ (l)+ ^{Cl- (} l);

_ClO2- (l)+ ^2SO32- (l) ₊ ^2OH- _→ ^2SO42- (l) ₊ 2H2O(l)+ ^{Cl- (} l);

NO(g)→NO(l);

2NO(l)+ClO2-( _l )→ ^{Cl- (} l)+ _2NO2 (l);

NO(l)+NO ₂ +H ₂ O(l)→2HNO ₂ (l);

4NO(l)+ _ClO2- (l)+ ^4OH- (l)→ _4NO3- ⁽ l)+ ^{Cl- (} l) ₊ 2H2O(l);

4NO(l)+ _3ClO2- ⁽ l) ₊ 2H2O(l)→4HNO3(l)+ _3Cl- ⁽ l);

5NO(l)+ _3ClO2 (l) ₊ 4H2O(l)→ _5HNO3 (l)+3HCl(l);

When the chlorine-containing oxidizing agent is sodium chlorate, the main component of available chlorine is ClO ₃ ^- , and the desulfurization and denitrification reactions involved are as follows:

SO ₂ (g)→SO ₂ (l);

SO2(l) _{+ H2O} (l)→H ⁺ (l)+ _HSO3- ⁽ l);

SO2(l)+ ^3OH- (l) _{→ H2O} ( _l )+ ^SO32- (l);

_2ClO3- ⁽ l)+ _2HSO3- ⁽ l)→ _2SO42- (l)+2H ⁺ (l)+ ^{Cl- (} l);

ClO ₃ ^- (l)+SO ₃ ^2- (l)+2OH-(l)→2SO ₄ ^2- (l)+Cl-(l)+2H ₂ O(l);

NO(g)→NO(l);

3NO(l)+ _ClO3- (l)→ _3NO2 (l)+ ^{Cl- (} l);

_3NO2 (l)+ _ClO3- (l)+ ^OH- → _3NO3- (l)+ ^{Cl- (} l)+ _H2O (l);

2NO(l)+ClO ₃ ^- (l)+2OH ^- → 2NO ₃ ^- (l)+Cl ^- (l)+H ₂ O(l);

S3. According to the amount of ballast water in the ballast tank, take an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant, add it to the ballast water tank, and use the strong oxidizing property of chlorine-containing oxidant to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. Finally, the excess chlorine-containing oxidants in the ballast water are eliminated by self-decomposition or subsequent simple treatment.

In the process of treating ship exhaust gas, since the water in the water tank will be lost due to evaporation, impurity removal operations, etc., it is necessary to continuously replenish the aqueous solution during use to maintain the liquid level of the washing liquid in the water tank at normal levels.

The step S2 removes the particulate matter in the ship exhaust gas during the wet scrubbing process of the ship exhaust gas.

Example 2

A comprehensive treatment method for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water. When the ship is sailing in a non- _NOx emission control area, the ship exhaust gas can be desulfurized by using a separate desulfurization working mode. The separate desulfurization mode is divided into closed and open. There are two types of washing methods, and the specific steps of the closed washing method are as follows:

S1. Transport the appropriate amount of lye and aqueous solution to the water tank through the water pump, and obtain the washing liquid after mixing;

Described lye refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several basic compounds in sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate;

The aqueous solution refers to fresh water or sea water.

S2. The washing liquid enters the washing tower from the upper liquid inlet of the washing tower through the water pump, and then sprays from top to bottom through the washing spray device inside the washing tower. The air inlet at the bottom of the wall enters the washing tower, and reacts with the atomized spray washing liquid through reverse contact, so as to realize the treatment of flue gas. The exhaust gas purified by the washing tower can be directly discharged into the atmosphere after simple treatment; The washing liquid after purifying the exhaust gas in the tower is cooled by the cooler and then returned to the water tank. The chemical reactions involved in this process are as follows:

SO ₂ (g)→SO ₂ (l);

SO2(l) _{+ H2O} (l)→H ⁺ (l)+ _HSO3- ⁽ l);

SO2(l)+ ^3OH- (l) _{→ H2O} ( _l )+ ^SO32- (l);

The washing liquid in the water tank is removed by a hydrocyclone to remove solid impurities, the treated solution is returned to the water tank, and the separated solid impurities are discharged into the sludge tank;

S3. According to the amount of ballast water in the ballast tank, take an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant, add it to the ballast water tank, and use the strong oxidizing property of chlorine-containing oxidant to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. Finally, the excess chlorine-containing oxidants in the ballast water are eliminated by self-decomposition or subsequent simple treatment.

Described chlorine-containing oxidizing agent refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several chlorine-containing compounds in sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, chlorine dioxide;

In the process of treating ship exhaust gas, since the water in the water tank will be lost due to evaporation, impurity removal operations, etc., it is necessary to continuously replenish the aqueous solution during use to maintain the liquid level of the washing liquid in the water tank at normal levels.

The step S2 removes the particulate matter in the ship exhaust gas during the wet scrubbing process of the ship exhaust gas.

Example 3

A comprehensive treatment method for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water. When the ship is sailing in a non- _NOx emission control area, the ship exhaust gas can be desulfurized by using a separate desulfurization working mode. The separate desulfurization mode is divided into closed and open. There are two types of washing methods, and the specific steps of the open washing method are as follows:

S1. Transport the appropriate amount of lye and aqueous solution to the water tank through the water pump, and obtain the washing liquid after mixing;

Described lye refers to the aqueous solution comprising one or several basic compounds in sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate;

The aqueous solution refers to fresh water or sea water.

S2. The washing liquid enters the washing tower from the upper liquid inlet of the washing tower through the water pump, and then sprays from top to bottom through the washing spray device inside the washing tower. The air inlet at the bottom of the wall enters the washing tower, and reacts with the atomized spray washing liquid through reverse contact, so as to realize the treatment of flue gas. The exhaust gas purified by the washing tower can be directly discharged into the atmosphere after simple treatment; The washing liquid after purifying the exhaust gas in the tower is directly discharged into the sea after simple aeration, slag removal, dilution and other treatments;

S3. According to the amount of ballast water in the ballast tank, take an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant, add it to the ballast water tank, and use the strong oxidizing property of chlorine-containing oxidant to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. Finally, eliminate excess chlorine-containing oxidants in ballast water through self-decomposition or subsequent simple treatment;

The chlorine-containing oxidizing agent refers to an aqueous solution comprising one or several chlorine-containing compounds in sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, and chlorine dioxide.

In the process of treating ship exhaust gas, since the water in the water tank will be lost due to evaporation, impurity removal operations, etc., it is necessary to continuously replenish the aqueous solution during use to maintain the liquid level of the washing liquid in the water tank at normal levels.

The step S2 removes the particulate matter in the ship exhaust gas during the wet scrubbing process of the ship exhaust gas.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 1, a comprehensive treatment device for ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water, including water pump I1, chlorine-containing oxidizer tank 2, lye tank 3, fresh water tank 4, water pump VI5, seawater pipe 6, and hydrocyclone 7. Sludge tank 8, water pump Ⅴ9, main washing liquid pipe 10, water pump Ⅱ11, water tank 12, waste liquid storage tank 13, ballast water tank 14, water pump Ⅲ15, main spray pipe 16, water pump Ⅳ17, agitator 18 , washing tower 19, cooler 20 and waste liquid discharge pipe 21, shut-off valve I22, shut-off valve II23, shut-off valve III24, three-way valve 25 and shut-off valve IV26;

The chlorine-containing oxidizer tank 2 communicates with the ballast water tank 14 through the water pump I1;

The chlorine-containing oxidizer tank 2 communicates with the main washing liquid pipe 10 through the shut-off valve I22;

The lye cabinet 3 communicates with the main washing liquid pipe 10 through the shut-off valve II23;

The fresh water tank 4 communicates with the main washing liquid pipe 10 through the shut-off valve III24;

The main washing liquid pipe 10 communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet I on the top of the water tank 12 through the water pump II11;

The water tank washing liquid outlet I on the top of the water tank 12 communicates with the main spray pipe 16 through the water pump III15;

The inside of the washing tower 19 cavity is provided with a multi-layer spray device, and the liquid inlet of the spray device communicates with the sub-pipeline of the main spray pipe 16;

The bottom of the side wall of the washing tower 19 is provided with an inlet for exhaust gas to be purified, the top is provided with an outlet for purified exhaust gas, and the bottom end is provided with an outlet for washing liquid after purifying the exhaust gas;

The outlet of the cleaning liquid after the exhaust gas is purified communicates with the inlet of the cooler cleaning liquid of the cooler 20 through the three-way valve 25;

After the exhaust gas is purified, the outlet of the washing liquid communicates with the waste liquid discharge pipe 21 through the three-way valve 25;

The cooler 20 is provided with a refrigerant flow channel, and the cooler washing liquid outlet of the cooler 20 communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet II at the top of the water tank 12 through the water pump IV17;

The inner bottom of the water tank 12 is provided with an agitator 18 for uniformly mixing the washing liquid in the water tank 12;

The water tank washing liquid outlet II at the bottom end of the side wall of the water tank 12 communicates with the side wall of the hydrocyclone 7 through the water pump V9;

The outlet of the hydrocyclone washing liquid at the top of the hydrocyclone 7 communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet III at the top of the water tank 12;

The solid impurity outlet at the bottom of the hydrocyclone 7 communicates with the sludge tank 8;

The water tank washing liquid outlet III at the bottom of the water tank 12 communicates with the waste liquid storage tank 13 through the stop valve IV26;

The seawater pipe 6 communicates with the water tank washing liquid inlet IV at the top of the water tank 12 through the water pump VI5.

When the shut-off valve I22 and the shut-off valve II23 are in the connected state, one of the shut-off valve III24 and the water pump VI5 is in the connected state, and the chlorine-containing oxidant, lye and aqueous solution are respectively fed from the chlorine-containing oxidant cabinet 2, The lye tank 3 and the fresh water tank 4 (sea water pipe 6) are delivered to the water tank 12 by the water pump, and the washing liquid is obtained after being mixed evenly by the stirring action of the agitator 18, and then passed through the water pump III 15, the main spray pipe 16 transported into the scrubber 19, and the ship exhaust gas to be purified enters the scrubber 19 through the exhaust gas inlet to be purified at the bottom of the side wall of the scrubber 19, and reacts with the scrubbing liquid in reverse to achieve simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification. After the purified exhaust gas is simply treated, it is directly discharged into the atmosphere through the purified exhaust gas outlet at the top of the scrubber 19, and the washing liquid after the exhaust gas is purified in the scrubber 19 enters the cooler 20 for cooling treatment. The washing liquid is returned in the water tank 12 through the water pump IV17. In addition, an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant is charged into the ballast water tank 14 through the water pump I1, and the strong oxidizing property of the chlorine-containing oxidant is used to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. At this time, the ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water comprehensive treatment device is in the simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification working mode, which can comprehensively treat various pollutants such as NO _x , SO _x , particulate matter and ballast water in the ship exhaust gas ;

When the shut-off valve I22 is in the closed state, the shut-off valve II23 is in the connected state, and one of the shut-off valve III24 and the water pump VI5 is in the connected state. The tank 4 (sea water pipe 6) is transported to the water tank 12 by the water pump, and the washing liquid is obtained after being mixed uniformly by the agitator 18, and is transported to the water tank 12 by the water pump III 15 and the main spray pipe 16. In the washing tower 19, the marine diesel engine exhaust gas to be purified enters the washing tower 19 through the exhaust gas inlet to be purified at the bottom of the side wall of the washing tower 19, and reacts with the washing liquid in reverse, and performs desulfurization treatment, and the purified exhaust gas After simple treatment, the purified exhaust gas outlet at the top of the washing tower 19 is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the washing liquid after the exhaust gas is purified in the washing tower 19 enters the cooler 20 for cooling treatment. Said water pump IV17 returns in said water tank 12. In addition, an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant is charged into the ballast water tank 14 through the water pump I1, and the strong oxidizing property of the chlorine-containing oxidant is used to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. At this time, the ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water comprehensive treatment device is in a closed independent desulfurization working mode, and can simultaneously perform comprehensive treatment of various pollutants such as SO _x and particulate matter in the ship exhaust gas and ballast water;

When the shut-off valve I22 is in the closed state, the shut-off valve II23 is in the connected state, and one of the shut-off valve III24 and the water pump VI5 is in the connected state. The tank 4 (sea water pipe 6) is transported to the water tank 12 by the water pump, and the washing liquid is obtained after being mixed evenly by the stirring action of the agitator 18, and is transported to the washing tower by the water pump III 15 and the main spray pipe 16 19, at the same time, the marine diesel exhaust gas to be purified enters the scrubber 19 through the exhaust gas inlet to be purified at the bottom of the side wall of the scrubber 19, and reacts with the scrubbing liquid in reverse, and performs desulfurization treatment, and the purified exhaust gas is simply treated Afterwards, the purified exhaust gas outlet at the top of the scrubber 19 is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the scrubbing liquid after purifying the exhaust gas in the scrubber 19 is subjected to simple aeration, slag removal and dilution, and then passes through the tee The valve 25 and the waste liquid discharge pipe 21 discharge directly into the sea. In addition, an appropriate amount of chlorine-containing oxidant is charged into the ballast water tank 14 through the water pump I1, and the strong oxidizing property of the chlorine-containing oxidant is used to kill bacteria, algae and other microorganisms in the ballast water. At this time, the ship exhaust gas pollutants and ballast water comprehensive treatment device is in an open single desulfurization working mode, which can comprehensively treat various pollutants such as SO _x , particulate matter and ballast water in the ship exhaust gas at the same time.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of marine exhaust pollutant and ballast water integrated conduct method, it is characterised in that with following steps：

S1, appropriate alkali lye, oxidizer containing chlorine, the aqueous solution is delivered in water tank by water pump respectively, washed after mixing Wash liquid；

When carrying out desulphurization denitration processing to marine exhaust simultaneously, the ratio that the oxidizer containing chlorine accounts for the cleaning solution is more than 0；

When only carrying out desulfurization process to marine exhaust, the ratio that the oxidizer containing chlorine accounts for the cleaning solution is 0；

S2, the cleaning solution enter to scrubbing tower by water pump from scrubbing tower top inlet, then by the scrubbing tower The showering washing device in portion carries out atomizing spray from top to down, and marine exhaust to be clean enters from scrubbing tower sidewall bottom air inlet Enter scrubbing tower, reacted with atomizing spray cleaning solution by inversely contacting, so that the processing to flue gas is realized, scrubbed tower Waste gas after purification can be directly discharged in air through simple process；

Only marine exhaust is taken off when carrying out desulphurization denitration processing to marine exhaust simultaneously or when using enclosed mode of washing Purify after the cleaning solution after waste gas is handled through cooler cooling and returned in water tank during sulphuring treatment, in scrubbing tower, in the water tank Cleaning solution removes solid impurity therein through hydrocyclone, and the solution after processing is returned into water tank, and is isolated Solid impurity be disposed in sludge tank；

When only carrying out desulfurization process to marine exhaust using open type mode of washing, the cleaning solution warp in scrubbing tower after purification waste gas Cross and be simply aerated, remove slag, diluting etc. after processing directly discharge into sea；

S3, according to ballast water capacity in ballast tank, take appropriate oxidizer containing chlorine, add it in ballast tank, using containing The strong oxidizing property of oxychloride agent kills bacterium, algae and the other microorganisms in ballast water, finally by selfdecomposition or follow-up Simple process eliminates oxidizer containing chlorine excessive in ballast water.

2. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During handling marine exhaust, by Water in the water tank can lose because of evaporation, except miscellaneous operation etc., it is necessary to persistently supplement the aqueous solution in use, holding The liquid level of cleaning solution is in normal level in the water tank.

3. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step S2 is washed to marine exhaust progress wet method The particulate matter in marine exhaust is removed simultaneously during washing.

4. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

The alkali lye refers to include one or several kinds of alkali in sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate The aqueous solution of property compound；

The oxidizer containing chlorine refers to include one kind in sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, chlorine dioxide Or the aqueous solution of several chlorine-containing compounds；

The aqueous solution refers to fresh water or seawater.

5. a kind of marine exhaust pollutant and ballast water Integrated Processing Unit, it is characterised in that：Including water pump I, oxidizer containing chlorine Cabinet, alkali lye cabinet, fresh water tank, water pump VI, seawater pipe, hydrocyclone, sludge tank, water pump V, main washing lotion tube, water pump II, water Cabinet, waste liquid storage cabinet, ballast tank, water pump III, main jet shower pipe, water pump IV, agitator, scrubbing tower, cooler, waste liquid discharge Pipe, stop valve I, stop valve II, stop valve III, triple valve and stop valve IV；

The oxidizer containing chlorine cabinet is connected by the water pump I with the ballast tank；

The oxidizer containing chlorine cabinet is connected by the stop valve I with the main washing lotion tube；

The alkali lye cabinet is connected by the stop valve II with the main washing lotion tube；

The fresh water tank is connected by the stop valve III with the main washing lotion tube；

The main washing lotion tube is connected by the water pump II with the water tank cleaning solution import I at the top of the water tank；

Water tank cleaning solution outlet I at the top of the water tank is connected by the water pump III with the main jet shower pipe；

The scrubbing tower inside cavity is provided with Multi-layer sprinkling device, the inlet of the spray equipment and point of the main jet shower pipe Pipeline connection；

The scrubbing tower sidewall bottom is provided with exhaust gas inlet to be clean, and top is provided with waste gas outlet after purification, and bottom is provided with purification Cleaning solution is exported after waste gas；

The cooler cleaning solution inlet communication that cleaning solution outlet passes through the triple valve and the cooler after the purification waste gas；

Cleaning solution outlet is connected by the triple valve with the waste liquid discharge pipe after the purification waste gas；

The cooler be provided with refrigerant flow conduit, the cooler cooler cleaning solution outlet by the water pump IV with it is described The water tank cleaning solution import II on water tank top is connected；

The water tank inner bottom, which is provided with, makes the mixed uniformly agitator of cleaning solution in the water tank；

The water tank cleaning solution outlet II of the water tank side wall bottom is connected by the water pump V with hydrocyclone side wall；

The water tank cleaning solution import III of the outlet of hydrocyclone cleaning solution and the water tank top on the hydrocyclone top Connection；

The solid impurity outlet of the hydrocyclone bottom is connected with the sludge tank；

The water tank cleaning solution outlet III of the water tank bottom is connected by the stop valve IV with the waste liquid storage cabinet；

The seawater pipe is connected by the water pump VI with the water tank cleaning solution import IV on the water tank top.