CN106818576A - Intensive three-dimensional crab farming system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intensive three-dimensional crab cultivation system, which comprises a culture pond, and a vertical conveying device capable of circular circulation is arranged in the culture pond, and the conveying device includes a transport section and an empty section. A number of crab cages are suspended evenly and in gaps, and the vacant section is vacant; the breeding pond is provided with a feeding device and a waste discharge device above the top of the conveying device; it also includes a device for controlling the conveying device, feeding device and waste discharge device control device. The present invention adopts a vertical conveying device capable of circular circulation to realize the multi-layer placement of crab cages in the culture pond, and utilizes the feeding device and the waste discharge device to conveniently complete the feeding and sewage discharge work, making full use of the breeding water body, It has the characteristics of high breeding density and high degree of automation, has high economic benefits, and is conducive to popularization.

Description

Intensive three-dimensional crab farming system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an intensive three-dimensional crab breeding system.

Background technique

The main economic crab breeding in my country includes three species of river crab, portunus trituberculatus, and blue crab. At present, the group breeding mode in outdoor earthen ponds is still the main mode. However, due to the aggressive nature of crabs, the phenomenon of cannibalism within species is serious Compared with other aquatic animals, the output per unit of breeding area is very low. For example, the yield per mu of Portunus trituberculatus and blue crab is about 30-50kg, which is only one-thirtieth of that of Penaeus vannamei. . Therefore, the low output per unit area of pond group culture has become one of the main problems hindering the healthy and sustainable development of the crab farming industry.

In recent years, with the diversification of breeding models, people have developed a single-basket farming model on the basis of group farming in ponds. For example, the patent document of the authorized announcement number CN 203827867 U discloses a vertical single-body farming system for swimming crabs. , Another example is a method for indoor cultivation of Portunus soft-shell crabs disclosed in the patent literature of Application Publication No. CN104770323A, which also mentions the cultivation of individual baskets.

However, the current single-basket culture technology is not perfect, there is insufficient automatic management technology for bait feeding and residual bait, or it can only be cultured in a single layer, the amount of culture per unit area is small, and the three-dimensional culture and automatic culture cannot be well realized. The economic benefit is low, so it is difficult to obtain large-scale promotion.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve, the invention provides an intensive three-dimensional crab breeding system with high breeding density and high degree of automation.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

An intensive three-dimensional crab cultivation system, comprising a culture pond, in which a vertical conveying device that can circulate circularly is provided, and the conveying device includes a conveying section and an empty section, and the conveying section is evenly suspended with gaps There are several crab cages, and the vacant section is vacant; the breeding pond is provided with a feeding device and a waste discharge device above the top of the conveying device; it also includes a control device for controlling the conveying device, feeding device and waste discharge device.

A frame is arranged in the culture pond, and a set of sprockets is installed on the frame, and a conveyor chain is installed on the sprockets. At least one of the sprockets is equipped with a power machine. The crab cage, the frame, the sprocket, the conveyor chain and the power mechanism constitute the conveying device.

Frames, sprockets and conveyor chains are arranged on both sides of the longitudinal direction in the culture pond. The positions corresponding to the transport section between the two conveyor chains are uniform and there are several suspension shafts installed in the gap. The suspension shafts are suspended along the axial direction by several crab cage.

When the crab cage is at the highest position, it is the sewage discharge station for feeding.

The feeding device includes a screw conveying feeding machine arranged above the feeding and sewage station, and a slide rail that has been installed in parallel with the suspension shaft. slide.

The waste discharge device includes a water pump, a flushing pipe, and a sewage collection tank. The water inlet of the water pump is connected to the culture pond, and the water outlet is connected to the flushing pipe. The sewage tank is arranged under the feeding and sewage station, and the bottom plate is densely covered with several sieve holes.

Filter cotton is arranged on the bottom plate of the dirt collection tank.

The crab cage is a cage frame structure with a frame door that is easy to open and lock, and the bottom is a plate structure with fine sieve holes.

The flushing pipes are longitudinally arranged along the culture pond, and the pipes are densely covered with some flushing holes aimed at the crab cages.

The crab cage is also provided with an outer edge aligned with the flushing hole.

The waste discharge device also includes a driving cylinder arranged above the feeding sewage station for tilting the crab cage.

Several groups of conveying devices are arranged horizontally in the culture pond.

A walkway is provided between the conveying devices above the culture pond.

An oxygenation device is provided in the culture pond, and the oxygenation device includes an oxygenation pipe and a fan, and the oxygenation pipe is evenly arranged at the bottom of the culture pond.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention adopts the vertical, annular circulation conveying device to realize the multi-layer placement of crab cages in the culture pond, and the feeding and sewage discharge work can be conveniently completed by using the feeding device and the waste discharge device, The method fully utilizes the breeding water body, has the characteristics of high breeding density and high degree of automation, has high economic benefits, and is conducive to popularization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a normal breeding state in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the state of feeding and sewage discharge in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is another arrangement of sprockets in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a waste discharge device in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dirt collection tank in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a crab cage in an embodiment of the present invention.

Breeding pond 1, conveying device 2, crab cage 3, feeding device 4, waste discharge device 5, aeration device 6, walkway 7, frame 21, sprocket wheel 22, conveying chain 23, power machine 24, suspension shaft 25, outer Along 31, screw feeding feeding machine 41, slide rail 42, water pump 51, flushing pipe 52, sewage collection tank 53, driving cylinder 54, filter cotton 55, oxygen increasing pipe 61, blower fan 62, transport section A, vacant section B.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, an intensive three-dimensional crab cultivation system includes a culture pond 1, and a vertical conveying device 2 capable of circular circulation is provided in the culture pond 1, Described conveying device 2 comprises conveying section A and vacant section B, on described conveying section A, evenly, gap is suspended with some crab cages 3, and described vacant section B is vacant; There are feeding device 4 and waste discharge device 5; The present embodiment adopts vertical, circular circulation delivery device 2 to realize the multi-layer placement of crab cages 3 in the culture pond 1, and utilize feeding device 4 and waste discharge device 5 to conveniently complete feeding and sewage work, fully It utilizes the breeding water body, has the characteristics of high breeding density and high degree of automation, has high economic benefits, and is conducive to popularization. In addition, the vacant section B can ensure that all the crab cages 3 can be submerged below the water line in the normal breeding state, that is, in the state of no feeding and no sewage discharge, so as to ensure the normal growth of crabs.

In the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a frame 21 is provided in the culture pond 1, and a group of sprockets 22 are installed on the frame 21, and a conveyor chain 23 is installed on the sprocket 22. , at least one of the sprockets 22 is equipped with a power machine 24, and the conveyor chain 23 is hung with some crab cages 3 corresponding to the position of the transport section A, and the frame 21, the sprocket wheel 22, the conveyor chain 23 and the power machine 24 constitute the Conveying device 2; frame 21, sprocket 22 and conveying chain 23 are arranged on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the culture pond 1, and the positions corresponding to the transportation section A between the two conveying chains 23 are uniform, and a number of suspension shafts are installed in the gap 25, the suspension shaft 25 is suspended with some crab pots 3 in the axial direction. The structure of this embodiment can ensure a larger density of crab cages 3, and the utilization rate of the power machine 24 is also higher. Power machine 24 wherein selects motor for use, preferred synchronous belt or sprocket transmission, and its accurate transmission ratio can guarantee the accurate location of crab cage 3, improves guarantee to realize automatic control.

In the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, when the crab cage 3 is in the highest position, it is a feeding and sewage station. The structure of this embodiment enables the feeding device 4 and the waste discharge device 5 to be arranged above the water surface, which is convenient for operation, low failure rate, and convenient maintenance.

In the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the feeding device 4 includes a screw conveying feeding machine 41 arranged above the feeding sewage station, a slide rail 42 which has been arranged parallel to the suspension shaft 25 , the screw conveying feeding machine 41 is installed on the slide rail 42 and can slide back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the culture pond 1 . The inside of the screw conveying feeding machine 41 of the present embodiment is a spiral belt, and the slide rail 42 spiral belt rotates to feed, and does not rotate without falling, and the feeding is accurate and convenient for automatic control; 41 Give full play to the feeding function and realize one-to-many feeding. In addition, there are already many existing designs for automatic feeding devices, such as the literature "Design and Experiment of Automatic Feeding System for Swimming Crab Culture in Single Basket" (Hao Mingzhu), "Design and Experiment of Automatic Feeding System for Indoor Factory Aquaculture" (Yuan Kai ), etc., this embodiment can directly adopt the above-mentioned technology, and can also be used after making adaptive improvements on the basis of the above-mentioned technology.

In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 5, and Figure 6, in the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3, the waste discharge device 5 includes a water pump 51, a flushing pipe 52. The sewage collection tank 53, the water inlet of the water pump 51 is connected to the culture pond 1, and the water outlet is connected to the flushing pipe 52, and the mouth of the flushing pipe 52 is aligned with the feeding and sewage station, and the sewage collection tank 53 is set There are several sieve holes densely distributed on the bottom plate below the feeding sewage station. The waste discharge device 5 of the present embodiment is mainly used to wash away the residual bait and feces in the crab cage 3, and the circulating water can send the residual bait, feces and other dirt lost in the water body to the dirt collection tank 53, which plays a role The function of purifying water quality; while the sewage collection tank 53 plays the role of temporary accommodation, and needs to be cleaned regularly; in addition, the circulating water can also play the role of increasing dissolved oxygen in water. In addition, a layer of filter cotton 55 can be arranged in the dirt collection tank 53, which can prevent dirt such as residual bait and feces from returning to the breeding pond 1, and also has the advantage of convenient cleaning.

In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the waste discharge device 5 further includes a driving cylinder 54 arranged above the feeding sewage station for tilting the crab pot 3 . The structure of the present embodiment can make the crab cage 3 wash away cleaner.

In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , several groups of conveying devices 2 are arranged horizontally in the culture pond 1 . The structure of this embodiment is the intensive three-dimensional culture in the true sense, which utilizes the water body of the culture pond 1 to the greatest extent and increases the culture density.

In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , a walkway 7 is provided between the conveying devices 2 above the culture pond 1 . The walkway 7 in this embodiment is convenient for manual operation, maintenance, cleaning and the like.

In the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, an aeration device 6 is provided in the culture pond 1, and the aeration device 6 includes an aeration pipe 61 and a fan 62, and the aeration pipe 61 Evenly arranged at the bottom of the culture pond 1. The aeration device 6 of the present embodiment provides guarantee for the normal raising of crabs in the bottom crab cage 3 . Each aeration device 6 can be equipped with 2-3 blower blowers 62, when avoiding the blower blower 62 breaks down, the crab appears dead or injured because of lack of oxygen.

FIG. 4 provides another arrangement form of the sprocket 22 of the conveying device 2 , which can be selected according to the actual situation during operation, or other suitable forms can be selected.

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of crab cage 3, and its whole is a cage frame structure, is provided with the frame door that is easy to open and lock, and the bottom is plate structure, and is equipped with fine and close sieve hole, the one, can reduce the loss of feed, the other is It can reduce the resistance when the crab cage 3 is lifted, and reduce energy consumption. The crab cage 3 is also provided with an outer edge 31 aligned with the flushing pipe 52 to play the role of diversion and ensure a good flushing effect. In addition, the crab cage 3 can select different modes of a single cage with a single crab or a single cage with many crabs according to the habits of the crabs.

The control device of this embodiment can realize the periodic opening and closing of the conveying device 2, the feeding device 4, the waste discharge device 5 and the aeration device 6 by means of a delay switch, a proximity switch, a single-chip microcomputer or a manual method; Detection devices for parameters such as PH value, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen can also be provided to realize real-time monitoring of the water environment of the culture pond 1, and further expand the functions of this embodiment on this basis.

Now take portunus crabs as an example, and make a brief description of the operation process of the present embodiment: select young crabs of 15 to 20 g, and put them into the crab cage 3; the aeration device 6 operates around the clock; The waste is discharged once, and the bait is fed once at 8 o'clock in the morning and 6 o'clock in the afternoon; the rest of the time period, the crab cage 3 is immersed in the water body of the culture pond 1; the filter cotton 55 in the sewage collection tank 53 is cleaned regularly, and the cleaning cycle 3~7 days.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to give exhaustive examples for all the implementation manners here. However, the obvious changes or changes derived from the essential spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of intensive three-dimensional crab farming system, it is characterised in that：Including culturing pool（1）, the culturing pool（1）Inside it is provided with perpendicular Directly, can ring-type circulation conveying device（2）, the conveying device（2）Including transport section（A）With vacant section（B）, the transport section （A）Upper uniform, gap is hung with some crab pots（3）, described vacant section（B）It is vacant；The culturing pool（1）In conveying device（2） Over top be provided with throwing raise device（4）With waste discharge apparatus（5）；Also include for controlling conveying device（2）, throw raise device（4） With waste discharge apparatus（5）Control device.

2. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The culturing pool（1）Inside set frame （21）, the frame（21）One group of sprocket wheel is installed（22）, the sprocket wheel（22）On carrier chain is installed（23）, at least one institute State sprocket wheel（22）Equipped with engine（24）, the carrier chain（23）Respective transfer section（A）Position be hung with some crab pots（3）, The frame（21）, sprocket wheel（22）, carrier chain（23）And engine（24）Constitute the conveying device（2）.

3. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The culturing pool（1）Interior longitudinal direction two Side is all provided with frame（21）, sprocket wheel（22）And carrier chain（23）, two carrier chains（23）Between respective transfer section（A）Position Uniformly, gap is provided with some suspended axles（25）, the suspended axle（25）Some crab pots are hung with vertically（3）.

4. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The crab pot（3）In highest order For blowdown station is raised in throwing when putting.

5. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Described throwing raises device（4）Including setting Put and throwing the helical feed feeder above feeding blowdown station（41）, with suspended axle（25）The slide rail be arrangeding in parallel（42）, The helical feed feeder（41）Installed in slide rail（42）Above, can be along culturing pool（1）Longitudinal direction slidably reciprocates.

6. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The waste discharge apparatus（5）Including water Pump（51）, jet water spout（52）, sewage sump（53）, the water pump（51）Water inlet and culturing pool（1）Connection, delivery port to bath Pipe（52）, the jet water spout（52）Mouth of pipe alignment is thrown and raises blowdown station, the sewage sump（53）It is arranged on throwing and raises blowdown station Lower section and base plate is densely covered with some sieve apertures.

7. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The waste discharge apparatus（5）Also include It is arranged on throwing and raises blowdown station top for making crab pot（3）Inclined driving cylinder（54）.

8. the intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to any one of claim 3-7, it is characterised in that：The culturing pool （1）Interior lateral arrangement has some groups of conveying devices（2）.

9. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The culturing pool（1）Top is defeated Send device（2）Between be provided with aisle（7）.

10. intensive three-dimensional crab farming system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The culturing pool（1）Inside it is provided with increasing Oxygen device（6）, the oxygen-increasing device（6）Including oxygen increasing tube（61）With blower fan（62）, the oxygen increasing tube（61）It is evenly arranged in foster Grow pond（1）Bottom.