CN106816663A - A kind of method of waste and old lithium ion battery highly effective and safe electric discharge - Google Patents
A kind of method of waste and old lithium ion battery highly effective and safe electric discharge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种废旧锂离子电池高效安全放电的方法，该方法是将废旧锂离子电池与含导电粉体的介质搅拌混合后，静置放电，该方法大大提高了废旧锂离子电池的放电效率及安全性，缩短了放电时间，成本低廉，且工艺简单，适用于规模化应用。The invention discloses a method for efficient and safe discharge of waste lithium-ion batteries. The method is to stir and mix the waste lithium-ion batteries with a medium containing conductive powder, and then discharge them statically. The method greatly improves the discharge of waste lithium-ion batteries. Efficiency and safety, shortened discharge time, low cost, simple process, suitable for large-scale applications.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种废旧锂离子电池的处理方法，特别涉及废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，属于废旧锂离子电池回收领域。The invention relates to a treatment method for waste lithium-ion batteries, in particular to a high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, and belongs to the field of waste lithium-ion battery recycling.
背景技术Background technique
锂离子电池作为动力电池—EV(纯电动汽车)、PHEV(插电式混合动力汽车)及HEV(混合动力汽车)进入了快速增长期国际能源署预测2015年HEV/PHEV/EV总销量达1100万辆，2020年达到近2400万辆，锂离子电池在动力电池中的市场份额必将逐渐上升。我国作为最大的锂离子电池生产基地，锂离子电池年产量超过20亿只，比亚迪公司更是建立了8Gwh总生产规模的动力电池生产基地，每年可为60万台混合动力轿车提供电池。Lithium-ion batteries as power batteries—EV (pure electric vehicle), PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) and HEV (hybrid electric vehicle) have entered a period of rapid growth. The International Energy Agency predicts that the total sales of HEV/PHEV/EV will reach 1,100 in 2015. million vehicles, reaching nearly 24 million vehicles in 2020, the market share of lithium-ion batteries in power batteries will gradually increase. As the largest lithium-ion battery production base in my country, the annual output of lithium-ion batteries exceeds 2 billion. BYD has established a power battery production base with a total production scale of 8Gwh, which can provide batteries for 600,000 hybrid cars every year.
这些进入市场的动力电池，一般在3～5年左右即将达到设计的寿命终止条件(容量衰减到初始容量的80％)，部分一致性不好或使用工况较恶劣的，甚至达不到3年的使用寿命。以此推算，我国将在2017年左右，迎来动力电池退役的GWh时代，此后逐年快速递增，预计到2019年，最晚不会超过2020年，会有超过10GWh的退役动力电池规模。These power batteries entering the market are generally about to reach the designed end-of-life condition (capacity attenuation to 80% of the initial capacity) in about 3 to 5 years. years of service life. Based on this calculation, my country will usher in the GWh era of power battery retirement around 2017, and it will increase rapidly year by year thereafter. It is estimated that by 2019, no later than 2020, there will be more than 10GWh of retired power battery scale.
为避免锂离子电池的不适当处理可能带来的环境污染以及资源浪费，电池回收成为一个重要的研究领域。锂离子电池约含金属钴，铜，铁，铝，锂等金属超过60％。这些金属材料属于一次资源，极具回收价值。尤其金属钴是稀少、价格较贵的金属，没有单独的矿床，大多伴生于铜、镍矿中，且品位较低。因而，锂离子电池中存在大量有价金属，回收利用具有较大的经济社会价值。To avoid possible environmental pollution and resource waste caused by improper disposal of Li-ion batteries, battery recycling has become an important research area. Lithium-ion batteries contain more than 60% of metals such as cobalt, copper, iron, aluminum, and lithium. These metal materials are primary resources and have great recycling value. In particular, metal cobalt is a rare and expensive metal. There is no separate deposit, and most of it is associated with copper and nickel ores, and its grade is low. Therefore, there are a large amount of valuable metals in lithium-ion batteries, and recycling has great economic and social value.
对锂离子电池回收处理的第一步首先要将电池中剩余的电量安全高效地放出，才能进行后续的拆解、破碎等工序，否则拆解过程中由于电池短路而大量放热，甚至可能出现爆炸等危险状况，引起事故。目前废旧锂离子电池放电的方法多以含有盐的水溶液作为电解质进行缓慢放电。但该种方法放电速率慢，影响生产效率，电解水容易产生氢气、氧气等，存在安全隐患，使用过的水因坏旧电池流出的有机电解液污染而难以处理。The first step in the recycling of lithium-ion batteries is to release the remaining power in the battery safely and efficiently before subsequent dismantling, crushing, etc. Dangerous situations such as explosions may cause accidents. At present, most of the methods for discharging waste lithium-ion batteries use an aqueous solution containing salt as the electrolyte for slow discharge. However, the discharge rate of this method is slow, which affects the production efficiency. Electrolyzed water is prone to generate hydrogen, oxygen, etc., which has potential safety hazards. The used water is difficult to handle due to the pollution of the organic electrolyte flowing out of the old battery.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有废旧锂离子电池放电存在的缺陷，本发明的目的是在于提供一种高效安全、操作简单、成本低廉的废旧锂离子电池放电的方法，该方法适用于传统钴酸锂等多种锂离子电池体系，可大规模推广应用。Aiming at the defects existing in the discharge of existing waste lithium ion batteries, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for discharging waste lithium ion batteries with high efficiency, safety, simple operation and low cost, which is applicable to various lithium batteries such as traditional lithium cobaltate The ion battery system can be popularized and applied on a large scale.
为了实现上述技术目的，一种废旧锂离子电池高效安全放电的方法，该方法是将废旧锂离子电池与含导电粉体的介质搅拌混合后，静置放电。In order to achieve the above technical purpose, a method for efficient and safe discharge of waste lithium-ion batteries is provided. The method is to stir and mix waste lithium-ion batteries with a medium containing conductive powder, and then discharge them statically.
本发明的技术方案关键在于采用固体导电粉体作为放电介质，在废旧锂离子电池与导电粉体充分混合的条件下，能够实现废旧锂离子电池的快速、高效放电，废旧锂离子电池电压能快速降低至0.6V以下，能保证废旧锂离子电池后续拆卸过程中的安全性。采用的固体导电粉体不但拥有优良的导电性能外，电子传输效率高，大大提高了放电效率，而且还有优异的导热性能(如石墨)，从而能使废旧锂离子电池放电过程中产生的热量迅速散发出去，降低了安全隐患，且固体导电粉体化学稳定性好，使用后能够重复利用，且消耗较小。废旧锂离子电池放电后能保持电池的完整性，过滤筛后能得到完整性好的废旧锂离子电池，便于后续拆解。本发明的技术方案中使废旧锂离子电池安全高效地放电，避免了传统的在水溶液中放电的方法，存在易产生氢气、氧气等，且大量放热导致水沸腾，易爆炸等不良因素。The key point of the technical solution of the present invention is to use solid conductive powder as the discharge medium. Under the condition that the waste lithium ion battery is fully mixed with the conductive powder, the rapid and efficient discharge of the waste lithium ion battery can be realized, and the voltage of the waste lithium ion battery can be rapidly discharged. Lowering it below 0.6V can ensure the safety of the used lithium-ion battery in the subsequent disassembly process. The solid conductive powder used not only has excellent electrical conductivity, but also has high electron transmission efficiency, which greatly improves the discharge efficiency, and also has excellent thermal conductivity (such as graphite), so that the heat generated during the discharge of waste lithium-ion batteries can be reduced. Distributed quickly, reducing potential safety hazards, and the solid conductive powder has good chemical stability, can be reused after use, and consumes less. The waste lithium-ion battery can maintain the integrity of the battery after being discharged, and the waste lithium-ion battery with good integrity can be obtained after filtering and sieving, which is convenient for subsequent disassembly. In the technical solution of the present invention, the waste lithium-ion battery can be safely and efficiently discharged, avoiding the traditional method of discharging in an aqueous solution, which easily generates hydrogen, oxygen, etc., and a large amount of heat release causes water to boil, and is prone to explosion.
优选的方案，所述导电粉体与废旧锂离子电池的体积比为1:1～5:1。在该优选范围内，能保证导电粉体与废旧锂离子电池充分接触，使废旧锂离子电池放电顺利进行。In a preferred solution, the volume ratio of the conductive powder to the waste lithium ion battery is 1:1˜5:1. Within this preferred range, it can be ensured that the conductive powder is fully in contact with the waste lithium-ion battery, so that the waste lithium-ion battery can be discharged smoothly.
优选的方案，所述导电粉体为再生石墨粉、商用石墨粉、炭黑、硬碳中的至少一种。较优选为再生石墨粉或商用石墨粉；最优选为废旧锂离子电池回收的石墨粉，即再生石墨粉。即将废旧锂离子电池进行拆解后，石墨粉体材料回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。In a preferred solution, the conductive powder is at least one of recycled graphite powder, commercial graphite powder, carbon black, and hard carbon. More preferably regenerated graphite powder or commercial graphite powder; most preferably reclaimed graphite powder from waste lithium ion batteries, i.e. regenerated graphite powder. After the waste lithium-ion battery is disassembled, the graphite powder material recovery continues to be used for the discharge of the waste lithium-ion battery.
优选的方案，所述含导电粉体的介质中包含放电缓冲添加剂。通过添加放电缓冲添加剂能够保证锂离子电池合适的放电速率，进一步提高了安全性。In a preferred solution, the medium containing conductive powder contains a discharge buffer additive. By adding the discharge buffer additive, the proper discharge rate of the lithium-ion battery can be ensured, and the safety is further improved.
较优选的方案，所述放电缓冲添加剂包括细砂和/或石灰粉。细砂和石灰粉放电缓冲效果较好的物质，其与导电粉体混合，使废旧电池放电过程相对稳定，可以缓解快速放电过程中引起的局部过热。More preferably, the discharge buffering additive includes fine sand and/or lime powder. Fine sand and lime powder, which have good discharge buffering effects, are mixed with conductive powder to make the discharge process of waste batteries relatively stable, and can alleviate local overheating caused by rapid discharge.
较优选的方案，所述放电缓冲添加剂与导电粉体的体积比为1:5～1:10。在该优选范围内，废旧锂离子电池放电的速率合适，不至于放电过快造成局部过热。More preferably, the volume ratio of the discharge buffer additive to the conductive powder is 1:5˜1:10. Within this preferred range, the discharge rate of the waste lithium-ion battery is appropriate, so as not to cause local overheating due to excessive discharge.
较优选的方案，所述静置放电的时间为6～24h。较优选为6～12h。本发明的技术方案放电时间短，具有高效的特点。More preferably, the time for the static discharge is 6-24 hours. More preferably 6-12h. The technical solution of the invention has short discharge time and high efficiency.
优选的方案，废旧锂离子电池包括钴酸锂体系锂离子电池、锰钴镍三元材料体系锂离子电池、磷酸铁锂体系锂离子电池中至少一种。In a preferred solution, the waste lithium ion battery includes at least one of a lithium cobalt oxide system lithium ion battery, a manganese cobalt nickel ternary material system lithium ion battery, and a lithium iron phosphate system lithium ion battery.
本发明的技术方案中废旧锂离子电池放电后，通过过筛处理，使废旧锂离子电池与导电粉体及放电缓冲添加剂等分离，导电粉体和放电缓冲添加剂回收重复使用，废旧锂离子电池进行后续的拆解等回收过程。In the technical scheme of the present invention, after the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, the waste lithium-ion battery is separated from the conductive powder and the discharge buffer additive by sieving, the conductive powder and the discharge buffer additive are recycled and reused, and the waste lithium-ion battery is processed. Subsequent dismantling and other recycling processes.
本发明的一种废旧锂离子电池高效安全放电的方法，该方法包含以下具体步骤：A method for efficiently and safely discharging waste lithium-ion batteries of the present invention, the method comprises the following specific steps:
1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的导电粉体和放电缓冲添加剂；1) Add a certain amount of conductive powder and discharge buffer additive into the box containing the stirring device;
2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中；2) adding the waste lithium-ion battery to be processed into the device;
3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电；3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions;
4)一段时间后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，导电粉体和放电缓冲添加剂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。4) After a period of time, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle the conductive powder and discharge buffer additive to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
相对现有技术，本发明的技术方案带来的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention:
1)本发明的技术方案充分利用了固体导电粉体介质的导电导热性能，大大提高了废旧锂离子电池的放电效率，放电时间短，相比水溶液作为介质放电，放电效率高，且大大提高了放电安全性。1) The technical solution of the present invention makes full use of the electrical and thermal conductivity of the solid conductive powder medium, which greatly improves the discharge efficiency of the waste lithium-ion battery, and the discharge time is short. Compared with the aqueous solution as the medium discharge, the discharge efficiency is high, and the discharge efficiency is greatly improved. discharge safety.
2)本发明的技术方案采用细砂和石灰粉等作为放电缓冲添加剂，其放电缓冲效果较好的物质，其与导电粉体混合，使废旧电池放电过程相对稳定，可以缓解快速放电过程中引起的局部过热。2) The technical scheme of the present invention adopts fine sand and lime powder etc. as discharge buffering additives, and the material with good discharge buffering effect, which is mixed with conductive powder, makes the discharge process of waste batteries relatively stable, and can alleviate the discharge process caused by rapid discharge. local overheating.
3)本发明的技术方案采用的固体导电粉体及放电缓冲添加剂来源广，成本低，导电粉体可以是废旧锂离子电池回收的负极石墨粉(再生石墨粉)，也可以是商业石墨粉、炭黑等，能够实现废旧电池材料的回收利用，节约了资源。放电缓冲添加剂采用细砂、石灰粉等廉价原料，固体导电粉体和放电缓冲添加剂能够反复利用，有效节省了成本。3) The solid conductive powder and the discharge buffer additive used in the technical solution of the present invention have a wide source and low cost. The conductive powder can be negative electrode graphite powder (regenerated graphite powder) that waste lithium-ion batteries reclaim, or commercial graphite powder, Carbon black, etc., can realize the recycling of waste battery materials and save resources. The discharge buffer additive uses cheap raw materials such as fine sand and lime powder, and the solid conductive powder and the discharge buffer additive can be reused, effectively saving costs.
4)本发明的技术方案操作简单，只需进行混合、静置等操作，即可完成放电过程，能耗低，有利于推广应用。4) The technical solution of the present invention is simple to operate, and only needs to perform operations such as mixing and standing to complete the discharge process, and the energy consumption is low, which is conducive to popularization and application.
5)本发明的技术方案无三废产生，对环境友好，具有广阔的工业化应用前景。5) The technical solution of the present invention does not generate three wastes, is environmentally friendly, and has broad industrial application prospects.
附图说明Description of drawings
【图1】为实施例1废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化图。[Fig. 1] is the voltage change diagram of the discharge of the waste lithium-ion battery in Example 1.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下实施例旨在对本发明内容做进一步详细说明；而本发明权利要求的保护范围不受实施例限制。The following examples are intended to further describe the content of the present invention in detail; and the protection scope of the claims of the present invention is not limited by the examples.
实施例1Example 1
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的再生石墨粉和细砂，石墨粉与细砂的体积比为10:1；(1) Add a certain amount of regenerated graphite powder and fine sand into the box containing the stirring device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder to fine sand is 10:1;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，石墨粉与锂离子电池的体积比为4:1；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder and lithium-ion battery is 4:1;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为12h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 12h;
(4)12h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，石墨粉和细砂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 12 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle graphite powder and fine sand to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化如图1所示，表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到0.4V。Figure 1 shows the voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by this embodiment, which shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0mAh drops to 0.4V after being discharged.
实施例2Example 2
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的再生石墨粉和细砂，石墨粉与细砂的体积比为8:1；(1) Add a certain amount of regenerated graphite powder and fine sand into the box containing the stirring device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder to fine sand is 8:1;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，石墨粉与锂离子电池的体积比为2:1；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder and lithium-ion battery is 2:1;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为12h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 12h;
(4)12h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，石墨粉和细砂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 12 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle graphite powder and fine sand to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到0.6V。The voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by using this embodiment shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0 mAh drops to 0.6 V after being discharged.
实施例3Example 3
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的再生石墨粉和细砂，石墨粉与细砂的体积比为5:1；(1) Add a certain amount of regenerated graphite powder and fine sand into the box containing the stirring device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder to fine sand is 5:1;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，石墨粉与锂离子电池的体积比为1:1；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder and lithium-ion battery is 1:1;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为24h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 24h;
(4)24h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，石墨粉和细砂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 24 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle the graphite powder and fine sand to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到0.45V。The voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by this embodiment shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0 mAh drops to 0.45 V after being discharged.
实施例4Example 4
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的再生石墨粉和细砂，石墨粉与细砂的体积比为10:1；(1) Add a certain amount of regenerated graphite powder and fine sand into the box containing the stirring device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder to fine sand is 10:1;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，石墨粉与锂离子电池的体积比为5:1；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder and lithium-ion battery is 5:1;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为6h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 6h;
(4)6h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，石墨粉和细砂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 6 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle graphite powder and fine sand to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到0.5V。The voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by this embodiment shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0 mAh drops to 0.5 V after being discharged.
实施例5Example 5
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的再生石墨粉；(1) Add a certain amount of regenerated graphite powder in the casing containing the stirring device;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，石墨粉与锂离子电池的体积比为1:1；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder and lithium-ion battery is 1:1;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为10h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 10h;
(4)10h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，石墨粉回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 10 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle the graphite powder to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到0.7V。The voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by using this embodiment shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0 mAh drops to 0.7 V after being discharged.
实施例6Example 6
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的炭黑和细砂，炭黑与细砂的体积比为10:1；(1) Add a certain amount of carbon black and fine sand into the box containing the stirring device, and the volume ratio of carbon black to fine sand is 10:1;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，炭黑与锂离子电池的体积比为3:1；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of carbon black and lithium-ion battery is 3:1;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为12h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 12h;
(4)12h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，炭黑和细砂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 12 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle carbon black and fine sand to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到0.8V。The voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by using this embodiment shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0 mAh drops to 0.8 V after being discharged.
对比例1Comparative example 1
一种废旧锂离子电池的高效安全放电方法，包括以下步骤：A high-efficiency and safe discharge method for waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:
(1)在含有搅拌装置的箱体中加入一定量的再生石墨粉和细砂，石墨粉与细砂的体积比为10:1；(1) Add a certain amount of regenerated graphite powder and fine sand into the box containing the stirring device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder to fine sand is 10:1;
(2)将待处理的废旧锂离子电池加入到装置中，石墨粉与锂离子电池的体积比为1:2；(2) The waste lithium-ion battery to be treated is added in the device, and the volume ratio of graphite powder and lithium-ion battery is 1:2;
(3)启动搅拌装置，搅拌一定时间，停止，电池在静置条件下进行放电，放电时间为12h；(3) Start the stirring device, stir for a certain period of time, stop, and discharge the battery under static conditions, and the discharge time is 12h;
(4)12h后，将箱体中的粉体和废旧锂离子电池过筛，将分离出的锂离子电池进行拆解，石墨粉和细砂回收继续用于废旧锂离子电池的放电。(4) After 12 hours, sieve the powder in the box and the waste lithium-ion battery, disassemble the separated lithium-ion battery, and recycle graphite powder and fine sand to continue to discharge the waste lithium-ion battery.
采用本实施例对废旧锂离子电池放电的电压变化表明一块残余容量为225.0mAh的钴酸锂电池待放电后，其电压降到1.2V。The voltage change of the waste lithium-ion battery discharged by using this embodiment shows that the voltage of a lithium cobalt oxide battery with a residual capacity of 225.0 mAh drops to 1.2V after being discharged.
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