CN106758579A - The building in three-dimensional city and traffic integrated system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a building and traffic integration system for a three-dimensional city, which includes constructing multiple bridge-style setback buildings and a three-dimensional traffic system in the space above the city road along the extension direction of the urban road; each bridge-style setback building is constructed symmetrically It is composed of single-sided setback buildings on both sides of the urban road; the side of the above-ground building with the setback structure faces outwards, and the depth of each floor on the side adjacent to the urban road gradually increases, so that a bridge-type setback-style building is formed inside. The passage of urban roads; the three-dimensional transportation system includes urban roads, the ground transportation system above the urban roads, and the underground transportation system below the urban roads; the integrated system of architecture and transportation in this three-dimensional city fully integrates the construction land and traffic land on the land , and achieve intensification through the three-dimensional integration of transportation facilities; effectively increase the exchange channels between buildings and traffic, improve the operating efficiency of the entire system, and make the urban functions complex.

Description

Integrated system of architecture and transportation in three-dimensional city

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of urban architecture and traffic design, in particular to an integrated system of architecture and traffic in a three-dimensional city.

Background technique

With the continuous development of my country's urbanization process, most cities are facing problems such as shortage of land resources and traffic congestion. The planarity of the current urban overall form not only makes the urban functions flat and scattered but not intensive three-dimensional complex, but also leads to a large amount of traffic area and reduces the overall operating efficiency.

The existing urban traffic system is composed of means of transport and facilities. The means of transport mainly include conventional public transport (buses, public trams, etc.), rapid rail transit (light rail, subway, monorail straddle or suspended traffic system), pedestrian walkway system , non-motor vehicles, others (BRT, trams, cable cars, etc.). Complex and mixed means of transport lead to large areas of traffic facilities and mixed road traffic. Large-scale transportation facilities not only form a barrier for people to cross the barrier and destroy the continuity of the urban landscape, but also cause environmental resource problems such as land occupation, noise, and pollution.

The above-mentioned problems have prompted the city to develop in the direction of intensification and diversification. Both architecture and transportation are required to develop from a scattered, disordered, and inefficient organizational model with a single function to a compact, orderly, and multi-functional efficient three-dimensional model. . The traditional traffic divides urban blocks, and the design idea that buildings are surrounded by traffic is gradually being replaced by the design idea of integrating cities, buildings, and transportation. Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned existing technologies, it is necessary to make reasonable improvements to the current urban traffic system form to meet the requirements of the three-dimensional urban form to design an integrated system of architecture and traffic.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional urban building and traffic integration system that eliminates the planarity of the city form and the independence of individual buildings, and organically combines the integration of architecture and traffic.

For this reason, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A building and traffic integration system for a three-dimensional city, including constructing a plurality of bridge-type setback buildings arranged continuously or at intervals in the space above the urban road along the extension direction of the urban road and a three-dimensional building based on the urban road. traffic system;

The bridge-type setback buildings in each place are composed of single-sided setback buildings symmetrically constructed on both sides of the urban road; wherein, the single-sided setback buildings on each side include above-ground buildings and underground buildings; the above-ground buildings have setbacks. One side of the platform structure faces outwards, and the depth of each floor on the side adjacent to the urban road gradually increases, so that a passage through the urban road is formed inside the bridge-type setback building; the top floor of the bridge-type setback building partially covers the sky above the road, And there are lighting wells and ventilation ducts formed in the uncovered places;

The three-dimensional transportation system is located in the channel of the bridge-type setback building, which includes urban roads, a ground transportation system located above the urban roads, and an underground transportation system located below the urban roads;

Each floor of the single-sided setback building on each side extends from the inside of the single-sided setback building to the three-dimensional traffic system to form a pedestrian corridor set in the same direction as the urban road, so that people on the same floor can pass through the three-dimensional traffic system. The pedestrian corridors set in the same direction of the above-mentioned urban roads go to and from any position on the same floor of the single-sided terraced building on each side or from one end of the self-retreating terraced building to the other end of the building along the direction of the road extension; A pedestrian corridor is built between the pedestrian corridors on the first floor, so that people in the building can go to the transportation system to take the platform through the pedestrian corridor; there are also elevator systems or stairs between the transportation systems.

When establishing the three-dimensional traffic system, the width of the urban roads should be ≥ 36 meters.

Wherein, the urban road is sequentially provided with motor vehicle lanes, non-motor vehicle lanes and pedestrian crossings from the center line of the city road to both sides.

The above-ground transportation system and the underground transportation system are constructed by relying on a plurality of central columns arranged at intervals along the centerline of the urban road; each of the central columns is built from the ground where the underground building is constructed and extends upward to at least 5 meters above the urban road. meters; construct the underground railway system and the underground pedestrian passage sequentially in the underground space from bottom to top along the central column, and construct the above-ground pedestrian passage and the rapid transit system in the above-ground space sequentially.

The BRT system includes an elevated road surface laid along the top of the central column and a plurality of parking platforms are arranged at intervals along the center line of the elevated road surface; two sides of the parking platform are two-way lanes for public transport vehicles.

Both the above-ground pedestrian passage and the underground pedestrian passage include a plurality of pedestrian bridges respectively connecting the inner pedestrian corridors of the single-sided setback building on both sides; the above-ground pedestrian passage and the underground pedestrian passage are used for people to change directions, namely Realize that people change from one side of the passage to the other side of the passage, and also form a connection between the single-sided setback buildings on both sides; multiple pedestrian bridges are arranged parallel to each other and at intervals, and the distance between adjacent pedestrian bridges It is 100-600m.

The underground railway system includes a subway tunnel, at least two two-way subway tracks laid in the subway tunnel, and a subway stop platform arranged adjacent to the subway tracks.

Further, the ground transportation system also includes a cable car system and/or a light rail system; wherein,

The cable car system includes a cable car support, a cable, a cable car and a driving device that are arranged at intervals on the cable; For the boom on the upper side, the horizontal distance between the two ends of the boom and the supporting column is equal; the cable is erected adjacent to the two ends of the boom; The cables drive the cable car to circulate;

The light rail system includes a straddle-type monorail installed on the top of the support column and a light rail reciprocating on the straddle-type monorail.

The cable car is arranged in the space on both sides of the elevated road. Specifically, the cable car may be parallel to the elevated road or may be located obliquely above the elevated road.

Pedestrian stairs and/or inclined elevators are arranged between the pedestrian corridors of the adjacent floors of the single-sided setback building on each side; Revolving walking stairs and/or car elevators are arranged between the pedestrian walkway and the stop platform of the BRT system, so that various traffic systems are interconnected.

Compared with the existing technology, the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city fully integrates the building land and traffic land, and achieves intensification through the three-dimensional integration of traffic facilities; effectively increases the exchange channel between buildings and traffic, and improves It improves the operating efficiency of the entire system and makes the city functions more complex.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall axonometric rendering of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional axonometric rendering of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional perspective view of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the side elevation view of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal sectional view of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the internal top view of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a cutaway side view of the building and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments in no way limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the building-transportation integration system of the three-dimensional city includes the construction of a number of bridge-style setback buildings that are set continuously or at intervals in the space above the urban road along the extension direction of the urban road and the construction based on the urban road. three-dimensional transportation system.

Each bridge-type setback building is composed of a single-sided setback building 1 symmetrically constructed on both sides of the urban road; specifically, the single-sided setback building 1 located on each side includes an underground building part 20 and an above-ground building part; the underground building part There are two floors in total, which can be used for ancillary facilities such as transportation hubs and underground businesses; the above-ground building part includes two traditional straight-up and straight-down building floors and a multi-storey building floor with a setback structure above the traditional building floor; the traditional building floor can be used for layout Commercial and parking spaces; multi-storey building floors with a setback structure can be used to arrange office, residential and other spaces. One side of the single-sided setback building 1 on each side has the setback structure 13 facing outwards, so that the orientation of residence and office faces the setback and faces the urban road, so as to meet the requirements of lighting and ventilation, and at the same time, it is convenient for people to rest at the setback. ; and the depth of each layer on the side adjacent to the city road gradually increases, so that a passage with urban roads is formed inside the bridge-type setback building; The top floor of the building partially covers the sky above the road, and the roof is generally capped at intervals of 100-600m, and an arch coupon 3 is built on the top of the reserved space 2 under the bridge-style setback building to make the overall structure of the bridge-style setback building stable; the top floor of the bridge-style setback building A lighting well 12 is formed in the uncovered area, and the chimney effect and internal wind pressure are used to form good natural ventilation and lighting requirements.

Each floor of the single-sided setback building on each side extends from the inner side of the single-sided setback building to form a pedestrian corridor set in the same direction as the urban road; the pedestrian corridor is connected to the arch coupon 3 and the pedestrian corridor on each floor An arch structure is also built at the place; among them, the length of the pedestrian corridor is the same as the length of the single-sided setback building on each side along the extension direction of the urban road; because the vertical space occupied by each traffic system is different, the stop platform of each traffic system A pedestrian corridor is constructed between the pedestrian corridor located on the same level as the parking platform.

The three-dimensional traffic system is constructed in Arch Voucher 3, and the construction of the three-dimensional traffic system requires the width of urban roads to meet the requirement of at least 36 meters; specifically, the three-dimensional traffic system includes urban roads, ground traffic systems located above urban roads, and urban roads located below The underground transportation system; wherein, the ground transportation system includes the above-ground pedestrian passage 17 and the rapid transit system, the cable car system and the light rail system that are arranged on the city road from bottom to top; the underground transportation system includes the underground pedestrian passage 9 and the underground pedestrian passage 9 Underground railway passage below.

When constructing a three-dimensional transportation system, the ground transportation system and the underground transportation system rely on a plurality of central columns 7 arranged at intervals along the centerline of urban roads; Layers are built and extend vertically upwards out of the city road until close to the arch 3; along the central column 7 from bottom to top, the underground railway system and the underground pedestrian passage 9 are sequentially constructed in the underground space, and the above-ground pedestrian passage 17 is sequentially constructed in the above-ground space , rapid transit system, cable car system and light rail system. Using the central column 7 as the pile foundation of the three-dimensional transportation system can reduce the damage to the underground waterway; and the lower surface of the subway tunnel has a large contact area with the soil layer below, which reduces the pressure on the ground and effectively alleviates the foundation settlement. Each floor and the traffic system are efficiently connected with the buildings on both sides, and form an integrated design of structure, function and streamline.

Described city road is provided with motor vehicle lane 18, non-motor vehicle lane 8 and pedestrian crossing successively from city road center line to both sides; The described motor vehicle lane that is positioned at each side can be divided into two lanes to four lanes according to the actual width of urban road and demand.

Described rapid transit system comprises the elevated road surface 6 that lays along described central column 7 tops and is provided with a plurality of stop platforms at intervals along the center line of described elevated road surface 6; Lanes: The buses running on the two-way lanes can be multiple buses with different routes running through the city, and cooperate with the urban intelligent traffic dispatching system to operate.

The above-ground pedestrian passage 17 and the underground pedestrian passage 9 both include a plurality of pedestrian bridges respectively connecting the inner pedestrian corridors of the single-sided setback building on both sides; The distance between the bridges is 300m, which is beneficial to disperse the flow of people.

The underground railway system includes a subway tunnel constructed of reinforced concrete, at least two subway tracks laid in the subway tunnel to meet the two-way travel of the subway 21, and a subway stop platform 10 arranged adjacent to the subway tracks.

In the specific practice process, considering its adjacent building construction, a high-damping rubber pad with the same width as the subway track is laid under the subway track for shock absorption.

Described cable car system comprises cable car support, cable 15, the cable car 16 that is arranged on the cable 15 and driving device at intervals; The boom on the upper side of the supporting column 5, the horizontal distance from the two ends of the boom to the supporting column 5 is equal; the cable 15 is erected adjacent to the two ends of the boom; the driving device is arranged on the boom and At a position adjacent to the cable 15, the cable 15 is driven to drive the cable car 16 to circulate.

Wherein, the cable car system is arranged in the space on both sides of the elevated road surface 6 to avoid collision with the bus driving on the elevated road surface 6; the bottom surface of the cable car 16 is slightly higher than the plane where the elevated road surface is located, and Pedestrian corridors on the corresponding floors of the elevated pavement and pedestrian corridors arranged at intervals are constructed between the elevated pavement, which are used as short-stop platforms during the operation of the cable car system for people to get on and off.

The light rail system includes a straddle monorail 4 mounted on the top of the support column 5 and a light rail 14 reciprocating on the straddle monorail 4; correspondingly, on the corresponding floor of the straddle monorail 4 There are pedestrian corridors arranged at intervals between the pedestrian corridor and the straddle-type monorail 4, which are used as the stop platform of the light rail 14 for people to get on and off.

Elevator system comprises inclined elevator 19 and car elevator; Inclined elevator is arranged between the pedestrian corridor of each side single-sided setback building adjacent floor; compartment; the elevator shaft is set between the subway stop platform 10 adjacent to the central column 7, the above-ground pedestrian passage 17, the underground pedestrian passage 9 and the stop platform of the BRT system, which is a self- The hoistway that runs from bottom to top, and openings are provided on the subway station platform 10, the above-ground pedestrian passage 17, the underground pedestrian passage 9 and the station platform layer of the BRT system, and personnel are sent to the station according to demand. to each layer.

Considering the phenomenon of crowds of people during peak traffic hours, walking stairs or rotating walking stairs connecting the traffic spaces on the upper and lower floors are added near the inclined elevators and car elevators to realize personnel diversion.

During the construction of the above-mentioned various traffic channels, erection of subway cables, cable car cables, light rail cables, etc., decoration of platforms, installation of tunnel ventilation pipes, street lamps, cameras, traffic lights, signs and other basic road facilities are carried out according to the needs and on-site conditions. There are basic requirements of traffic regulations.

A pipeline system 11 is laid in the underground soil layer 22 on both sides or below of the subway tunnel; the pipeline system 11 is composed of a plurality of horizontally laid pipelines, including water supply and drainage pipelines, power cable transmission pipelines, backup pipelines, etc.; wherein, the power cables Transmission pipes are used to provide electricity to building interiors and various transportation systems.

When the construction and traffic integration system of the three-dimensional city is constructed in the urban land, it can only choose to carry out linear construction on the existing densely populated urban roads that meet the width requirements of urban roads, or it can be constructed in the new urban land first. After preliminary planning with adaptability to the corresponding system model for the urban roads, the integrated system of architecture and transportation of the three-dimensional city is laid out in the entire urban land.

Among them, in the three-dimensional transportation system, the underground railway system, underground pedestrian passage, above-ground pedestrian passage and rapid transit system are generally selected as the basis, while the cable car system and light rail system can be selectively equipped according to urban transportation needs or other factors.

To sum up, the integrated system of architecture and transportation in this three-dimensional city not only saves the traffic land, but also transforms the negative traffic space into a lively and positive space inside the building, and is also suitable for resisting the hot, rainy and other climate conditions in certain areas , the system itself also has adaptability to local conditions, and has the foresight to adapt to future needs.

Claims (9)

1. A building and traffic integrated system of a three-dimensional city is characterized by comprising a plurality of bridge type retreating platform buildings which are continuously arranged or arranged at intervals and a three-dimensional traffic system which takes an urban road as a foundation;

each bridge type platform returning building is composed of single-side platform returning buildings symmetrically constructed on two sides of the urban road; wherein, each side of the single-side platform returning building comprises an above-ground building and an underground building; the depth of each layer of the ground building with the platform withdrawing structure facing outwards and adjacent to one side of the urban road is gradually increased, so that a channel for passing through the urban road is formed inside the bridge type platform withdrawing building; the bridge type retreating platform type building top layer partially covers the upper space of a road, and a lighting well and/or an air draft duct are/is formed at the uncovered position;

the three-dimensional traffic system is positioned in a channel of the bridge type platform-returning building and comprises an urban road, an aboveground traffic system positioned above the urban road and an underground traffic system positioned below the urban road;

a walking corridor which is arranged in the same direction as the urban road is formed by extending each layer of the single-side platform returning building from the inner side of the single-side platform returning building to the three-dimensional traffic system; constructing a walking corridor between each traffic system docking station and the walking corridor on the same level; an elevator system or stairs are also arranged between the traffic systems.

2. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 1, wherein the urban road is provided with a motor lane, a non-motor lane and a pedestrian crossing in sequence from the central line of the urban road to two sides.

3. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 2, wherein the ground transportation system and the underground transportation system are constructed by means of a plurality of center pillars arranged at intervals along the center line of the urban road; each central upright post is built from the stratum where the underground building is built and extends upwards to at least one meter higher than the urban road, an underground railway system and an underground pedestrian passageway are sequentially built in the underground space from bottom to top along the central upright post, and an overground pedestrian passageway and a rapid public transportation system are sequentially built in the overground space.

4. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 3, wherein the bus rapid transit system comprises an elevated pavement laid along the top end of the central upright post and a plurality of parking platforms arranged at intervals along the central line of the elevated pavement; two sides of the parking platform are bidirectional lanes on which public transportation means run.

5. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 3, wherein the overground pedestrian passageway and the underground pedestrian passageway each comprise a plurality of pedestrian overpasses respectively connected with walking corridors inside single-sided exit buildings on two sides; many the pedestrian overpass is parallel to each other and the interval sets up, and is adjacent the spacing distance of pedestrian overpass is 100 ~ 600 m.

6. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 3, wherein the underground railway system comprises a subway tunnel, at least two bidirectional running subway rails laid in the subway tunnel, and a subway docking station disposed adjacent to the subway rails.

7. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 3, wherein the ground transportation system further comprises a cable car system and/or a light rail system; wherein,

the cable car system comprises a cable car bracket, a cable, cable cars arranged on the cable at intervals and a driving device; the cable car support comprises a plurality of supporting upright columns arranged at intervals along the central line of the elevated pavement and a suspension arm fixed on the upper side of each supporting upright column, and the horizontal distances from the two ends of the suspension arm to the supporting upright columns are equal; the cable is erected adjacent to two ends of the suspension arm; the driving device is arranged on the suspension arm and is adjacent to the position of the cable, and drives the cable to drive the cable car to circularly run;

the light rail system comprises a straddle type single rail arranged at the top end of the supporting upright post and a light rail which reciprocates on the straddle type single rail.

8. The building and transportation integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 7, wherein the cable car is disposed in spaces on both sides of the elevated road surface.

9. The building and traffic integrated system of the stereo city according to claim 3 or 4, wherein walking stairs and/or diagonal elevator are arranged between walking corridors of adjacent layers of the single-side exit buildings on each side; and rotary walking stairs and/or a car type elevator are arranged among the subway stop platforms, the overground pedestrian passageway, the underground pedestrian passageway and the stop platforms of the rapid public transportation system, which are adjacent to the central upright post.