CN106725300B - Physiological Signal Processing System and Noise Filtering Method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是一种生理信号处理系统及其过滤噪声方法，主要由使用者配戴一感测装置并连结一滤波装置，该滤波装置接收一使用者的生理信号以及一震动信号，并执行一噪声判断演算法以根据震动信号取得含失真噪声的各个时间区间，该滤波装置依照所取得的各个时间区间，滤除生理信号中对应各个时间区间的失真噪声，并对滤除失真噪声后的生理信号进行信号补偿，以降低估算生理信号时，受失真噪声影响而产生的特征误差；藉此，当使用者于驾驶或移动中，通过该噪声判断演算法取得失真噪声的时间，并滤除生理信号的失真噪声，以达到提升生理信号特征的精确度的目的。
The present invention is a physiological signal processing system and a noise filtering method thereof, which is mainly performed by a user wearing a sensing device and connected to a filtering device. The filtering device receives a physiological signal and a vibration signal of the user, and executes a noise judgment algorithm to obtain various time intervals containing distorted noise according to the vibration signal. The filtering device filters out the distorted noise corresponding to each time interval in the physiological signal according to each obtained time interval, and performs signal compensation on the physiological signal after filtering out the distorted noise, so as to reduce the characteristic error caused by the distorted noise when estimating the physiological signal; thereby, when the user is driving or moving, the time of the distorted noise is obtained through the noise judgment algorithm, and the distorted noise of the physiological signal is filtered out, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of the physiological signal characteristics.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明关于一种信号处理系统及方法，尤指一种生理信号处理系统及其过滤噪声方法。The present invention relates to a signal processing system and method, in particular to a physiological signal processing system and a noise filtering method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
科技日新月异，人类的一些生理状态已经可藉由穿戴式的科技产品(如智慧型手表)进行分析、监测，且经常被应用于运动、医疗、睡眠、车辆驾驶等领域，例如使用者在手腕上配戴一具有光学感测器的智慧型手表，该智慧型手表可感测使用者在运动或行走时活动情形，同时检测使用者的生理信号(如光体积量测(photoplethysmogram,PPG)信号)，再将生理信号进行分析以取得使用者的心率变异(HeartRateVariability,HRV)的生理参数，因此当取得生理信号的正确性越高，心率变异的精准度也越高，能有助于提升掌握使用者生理状态的正确性。Technology is changing with each passing day. Some human physiological states can be analyzed and monitored by wearable technology products (such as smart watches), and are often used in sports, medical care, sleep, vehicle driving and other fields. Wearing a smart watch with an optical sensor, the smart watch can sense the user's activity when exercising or walking, and at the same time detect the user's physiological signal (such as photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal) , and then analyze the physiological signal to obtain the physiological parameters of the user's Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Therefore, the higher the accuracy of the obtained physiological signal, the higher the accuracy of the heart rate variation, which can help to improve the user's grasp of the use The correctness of the physiological state of the patient.
但是，现有技术中的智慧型手表在检测使用者的生理信号(PPG信号)时，相当容易受到震动噪声或是使用者肢体扰动造成漏光等问题的影响，造成生理信号失真，并使得生理参数估算不准确，而且生理信号的数据量庞大，现有技术中运用的分析方法复杂费时、不易达到即时处理的效果。如台湾发明公开第201511735号“基于PPG的生理感测系统，其具有可从光学信号辨识及移除移动假影的时空取样途径”发明专利案(以下简称前案)，主要应用于健身及/或运动表现的技术领域，实现对生理参数的稳定且准确判定，在前案的其中一项实施例中记载，基于PPG的生理感测系统，采用从光学信号辨识及移除移动假影的时空取样途径，在身体活动的各种状态期间，该光学信号即时的由可穿戴式光学感测装置接收，故前案使用的主要数字信号处理技术包括kalmanfilter、傅立叶分析、峰值辨识或ICA分析等，达到经时间对准吸收估计并入于从光学信号辨识及移除移动假影，以还原生理信号的方式获得准确生理参数判定，以解决光学生理感测装置的移动假影所造成的不准确性。However, when the smart watch in the prior art detects the user's physiological signal (PPG signal), it is quite easily affected by problems such as vibration noise or light leakage caused by the disturbance of the user's limbs, resulting in distortion of the physiological signal and making the physiological parameters The estimation is inaccurate, and the amount of physiological signal data is huge. The analysis method used in the prior art is complicated and time-consuming, and it is difficult to achieve the effect of instant processing. For example, Taiwan Invention Publication No. 201511735 "PPG-based physiological sensing system, which has a space-time sampling approach that can identify and remove motion artifacts from optical signals" (hereinafter referred to as the previous application), is mainly used in fitness and/or Or the technical field of sports performance, to realize the stable and accurate determination of physiological parameters. It is recorded in one of the embodiments of the previous application that the physiological sensing system based on PPG adopts the time-space method of identifying and removing moving artifacts from optical signals. Sampling approach, during various states of body activity, the optical signal is received by the wearable optical sensing device in real time, so the main digital signal processing techniques used in the previous case include kalmanfilter, Fourier analysis, peak identification or ICA analysis, etc. Achieving time-aligned absorption estimation incorporated in the identification and removal of motion artifacts from optical signals, obtaining accurate physiological parameter determination by restoring physiological signals, to solve the inaccuracy caused by the motion artifacts of optical physiological sensing devices .
由上述现有技术可知，穿戴式的科技产品可检测使用者的生理信号，取得生理信号的正确性越高，越有助于提升掌握使用者生理状态的正确性，在检测使用者的生理信号时，相当容易受到震动噪声或是使用者肢体扰动等问题造成生理信号失真，而生理信号的数据量大，若要提升精准度则分析运算相对费时，虽然使用一连串的数字信号处理技术提升准确性，但是越复杂的数学分析方法不仅费时更不易达到即时处理的需求，尤其是针对车辆驾驶时，若以复杂的数字信号处理器欲完全去除噪声达到信号还原，所进行的运算时间将过于冗长而无法达到对驾驶者即时的生理分析，因此，确实有待进一步提出更佳解决方案的必要性。It can be known from the above-mentioned prior art that wearable technological products can detect the user's physiological signals, and the higher the accuracy of obtaining the physiological signals, the more it helps to improve the accuracy of grasping the user's physiological state. It is quite easy to be distorted by vibration, noise or user's body disturbance, etc., and the data volume of physiological signals is large. If it is necessary to improve the accuracy, the analysis and calculation will be relatively time-consuming. Although a series of digital signal processing technologies are used to improve the accuracy , but the more complex mathematical analysis method is not only time-consuming, but also difficult to meet the needs of real-time processing, especially for vehicle driving, if a complex digital signal processor is used to completely remove noise and achieve signal restoration, the calculation time will be too long and time-consuming Real-time physiological analysis of the driver cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is indeed necessary to further propose a better solution.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于上述现有技术的不足，本发明主要目的是提供一种生理信号处理系统及其过滤噪声方法，其通过即时、快速的信号处理技术，能降低系统运算时所耗费的时间，并将检测到的使用者生理信号进行噪声过滤，以提升生理信号特征的精确度。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a physiological signal processing system and its noise filtering method, which can reduce the time spent in system operation through instant and fast signal processing technology, and will detect Noise filtering is performed on the received physiological signal of the user to improve the accuracy of the physiological signal feature.
为达成上述目的所采取的技术手段是令前述生理信号处理系统的过滤噪声方法，是以一感测装置连接一滤波装置，并由该滤波装置执行该方法，该方法包括以下步骤：The technical means adopted to achieve the above object is to make the noise filtering method of the aforementioned physiological signal processing system connect a filtering device with a sensing device, and perform the method by the filtering device. The method includes the following steps:
接收一生理信号与一震动信号；receiving a physiological signal and a vibration signal;
执行一噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号取得代表出现失真噪声的多数时区资讯；其中，取得代表出现失真噪声多数时区资讯的方式，是计算该震动信号的变化率的一平均值，并取得该震动信号的变化率的一标准差资讯；通过该平均值与该标准差资讯取得一高斯分布，若当该震动信号变化率大于或小于高斯分布的一倍标准差之值所对应的时间，即为上述时区资讯；Execute a noise judgment algorithm to obtain most time zone information representing distorted noise based on the vibration signal; wherein, the method of obtaining most time zone information representing distorted noise is to calculate an average value of the rate of change of the vibration signal, and obtain One standard deviation information of the rate of change of the vibration signal; a Gaussian distribution is obtained through the average value and the standard deviation information, if the time corresponding to the rate of change of the vibration signal is greater than or less than one standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution, That is the above time zone information;
执行一生理信号滤波演算法，以依照多数时区资讯滤除该生理信号中对应各个时区资讯的失真噪声，对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号进行信号补偿；Execute a physiological signal filtering algorithm to filter out distortion noise corresponding to each time zone information in the physiological signal according to most time zone information, and perform signal compensation on the physiological signal after filtering the distortion noise;
根据信号补偿后的结果进行生理参数估算。Physiological parameter estimation is performed according to the result after signal compensation.
藉由上述方法，当使用者配戴该感测装置时，该感测装置将感测到的该生理信号、该震动信号传送给该滤波装置，并由该滤波装置执行该噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号取得代表出现失真噪声的各个时区资讯，又接续执行该生理信号滤波演算法，以依照多数时区资讯滤除该生理信号中所对应的各个时区资讯的失真噪声，并对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号进行信号补偿，以降低估算生理信号时，受失真噪声影响而产生的特征误差，该滤波装置根据信号补偿后的结果进行生理参数估算；藉此，当使用者于驾驶或移动中，通过该噪声判断演算法取得失真噪声的时间，并滤除生理信号的失真噪声，以达到提升生理信号特征的精确度目的。With the above method, when the user wears the sensing device, the sensing device transmits the sensed physiological signal and the vibration signal to the filtering device, and the filtering device executes the noise judgment algorithm, According to the vibration signal, each time zone information representing the occurrence of distorted noise is obtained, and the physiological signal filtering algorithm is continuously executed to filter out the distortion noise of each time zone information corresponding to the physiological signal according to most of the time zone information, and filter out The physiological signal after distorted noise is subjected to signal compensation to reduce the characteristic error caused by the influence of distorted noise when estimating the physiological signal. The filtering device estimates the physiological parameters according to the result of signal compensation; Or during the movement, the time of distortion noise is obtained through the noise judgment algorithm, and the distortion noise of the physiological signal is filtered out, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of the physiological signal characteristics.
为达成上述目的所采取的又一技术手段是令前述生理信号处理系统包括：Another technical means adopted to achieve the above purpose is to make the aforementioned physiological signal processing system include:
一感测装置，用以检测使用者的生理信号及震动信号；A sensing device for detecting the user's physiological signals and vibration signals;
一滤波装置，与该感测装置连接，该滤波装置包括一处理器；其中，当该处理器接收一生理信号与一震动信号，并执行一噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号取得代表出现失真噪声的多数时区资讯，又执行一生理信号滤波演算法，以依照多数时区资讯滤除该生理信号中对应各个时区资讯的失真噪声，对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号进行信号补偿，根据信号补偿后的结果进行生理参数估算，以产生代表使用者生理状态的一生理参数值。A filtering device is connected with the sensing device, and the filtering device includes a processor; wherein, when the processor receives a physiological signal and a vibration signal, and executes a noise judgment algorithm to obtain a representative occurrence according to the vibration signal Most of the time zone information of distorted noise, and execute a physiological signal filtering algorithm to filter out the distorted noise corresponding to each time zone information in the physiological signal according to the majority of time zone information, and perform signal compensation on the physiological signal after filtering out the distorted noise, according to Physiological parameter estimation is performed on the result of signal compensation to generate a physiological parameter value representing the physiological state of the user.
通过上述构造可知，当使用者配戴该感测装置并在驾驶或移动时，该感测装置同时检测使用者的生理信号及震动信号，且该滤波装置接收该感测装置传送的生理信号及震动信号，当该滤波装置的处理器接收到该生理信号与该震动信号时，则执行该噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号取得代表出现失真噪声的各个时区资讯，接着该滤波装置再执行该生理信号滤波演算法，以依照各个时区资讯滤除该生理信号中对应各个时区资讯的失真噪声，对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号进行信号补偿，该滤波装置根据信号补偿后的结果进行生理参数估算，以产生代表使用者生理状态的该生理参数值，并供其他应用程序做后续的分析处理；藉此，当使用者于驾驶或移动中，通过该噪声判断演算法取得失真噪声的时间，并滤除生理信号的失真噪声，以达到提升生理信号特征的精确度目的。It can be seen from the above structure that when the user wears the sensing device and is driving or moving, the sensing device detects the user's physiological signal and vibration signal at the same time, and the filtering device receives the physiological signal and the vibration signal transmitted by the sensing device. Vibration signal, when the processor of the filter device receives the physiological signal and the vibration signal, it executes the noise judgment algorithm to obtain information of each time zone representing distorted noise according to the vibration signal, and then the filter device executes The physiological signal filtering algorithm is used to filter out the distortion noise corresponding to each time zone information in the physiological signal according to the information of each time zone, and perform signal compensation on the physiological signal after filtering out the distortion noise, and the filtering device performs signal compensation according to the result of the signal compensation. Physiological parameter estimation, to generate the physiological parameter value representing the user's physiological state, and provide subsequent analysis and processing for other applications; thereby, when the user is driving or moving, the noise judgment algorithm can obtain the distortion noise Time, and filter out the distortion noise of the physiological signal, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of the physiological signal characteristics.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一较佳实施例的系统方块图。FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明一较佳实施例的应用状态图。Fig. 2 is an application state diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明一较佳实施例的生理信号的波形图。Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a physiological signal in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明一较佳实施例的震动信号的波形图。Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of a vibration signal in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明一较佳实施例的滤除噪声与信号补偿的波形图。FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of noise filtering and signal compensation in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明一较佳实施例的平滑处理的波形图。Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of smoothing processing in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明一较佳实施例的过滤噪声方法的流程图。FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a noise filtering method in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明一较佳实施例的又一过滤噪声方法的流程图。FIG. 8 is a flowchart of another noise filtering method in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
其中，附图标记：Among them, reference signs:
10 感测装置 11 生理信号10 Sensing device 11 Physiological signal
20 滤波装置 21 震动信号20 Filter device 21 Vibration signal
121 Z轴方向信号 122 Y轴方向信号121 Z axis direction signal 122 Y axis direction signal
123 X轴方向信号 211 时区资讯123 X-axis direction signal 211 Time zone information
22 滤出信号 23 缝合信号22 Filter out signal 23 Stitch signal
24 输出信号24 output signal
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述，但不作为对本发明的限定。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.
关于本发明生理信号处理系统的较佳实施例，请参考图1所示，其包括一感测装置10、一滤波装置20，该感测装置10设于使用者端，并用以检测使用者的生理信号及震动信号，本实施例中该滤波装置20与该感测装置10可通过有线或无线的方式构成连接，该滤波装置20通过一通讯协定与该感测装置10连结，且该通讯协定可为一蓝牙协定、一WiFi协定或一RFID协定；此外，该感测装置10与该滤波装置20亦可整合于一穿戴式装置上。Regarding the preferred embodiment of the physiological signal processing system of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 1, which includes a sensing device 10 and a filtering device 20. The sensing device 10 is located at the user end and is used to detect the user's Physiological signals and vibration signals. In this embodiment, the filtering device 20 and the sensing device 10 can be connected in a wired or wireless manner. The filtering device 20 is connected to the sensing device 10 through a communication protocol, and the communication protocol It can be a Bluetooth protocol, a WiFi protocol or an RFID protocol; in addition, the sensing device 10 and the filtering device 20 can also be integrated on a wearable device.
本实施例中该滤波装置20包括一处理器(图中未示)、该感测装置10包括一生理信号感测器(图中未示)及一重力感测器(图中未示)，当该处理器接收由该感测装置10感测到的一生理信号与一震动信号，并由该处理器执行一噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号取得代表出现失真噪声的多数时区资讯，接着再由该处理器执行一生理信号滤波演算法，以依照多数时区资讯滤除该生理信号中对应各个时区资讯的失真噪声，对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号进行信号补偿，根据信号补偿后的结果进行生理参数估算，以产生代表使用者生理状态的一生理参数值。In this embodiment, the filtering device 20 includes a processor (not shown in the figure), the sensing device 10 includes a physiological signal sensor (not shown in the figure) and a gravity sensor (not shown in the figure), When the processor receives a physiological signal and a vibration signal sensed by the sensing device 10, and executes a noise judgment algorithm by the processor to obtain most time zone information representing distorted noise according to the vibration signal, Then, the processor executes a physiological signal filtering algorithm to filter out the distortion noise corresponding to each time zone information in the physiological signal according to the majority of time zone information, and perform signal compensation on the physiological signal after the distortion noise is filtered out, according to the signal compensation Physiological parameter estimation is performed on the final result to generate a physiological parameter value representing the physiological state of the user.
为说明本发明较佳实施例的具体应用方式，请参考图2所示，其中该感测装置10可为一穿戴式智慧型手表或一光学式生理腕表，该滤波装置20可为一智慧型行动装置或一智慧行车用电脑，使用者可将该感测装置10配戴于手腕上，并将该滤波装置20安装在车辆里，无论车辆是在行径或停止的过程中，该感测装置10皆可同时并持续检测使用者的生理信号及震动信号，如图3、4所示，该滤波装置20接收该感测装置10传送的一生理信号11及一震动信号21，并执行该噪声判断演算法，本实施例中，该震动信号21由一Z轴方向信号121、一Y轴方向信号122以及一X轴方向信号123构成，其构成方式是利用以下数学公式：To illustrate the specific application of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2, wherein the sensing device 10 can be a wearable smart watch or an optical physiological wrist watch, and the filtering device 20 can be a smart watch. type mobile device or a smart driving computer, the user can wear the sensing device 10 on the wrist, and install the filtering device 20 in the vehicle, whether the vehicle is running or stopped, the sensing The device 10 can simultaneously and continuously detect the user's physiological signal and vibration signal, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the filter device 20 receives a physiological signal 11 and a vibration signal 21 transmitted by the sensing device 10, and executes the Noise judgment algorithm, in this embodiment, the vibration signal 21 is composed of a Z-axis direction signal 121, a Y-axis direction signal 122 and an X-axis direction signal 123, and its composition method is to use the following mathematical formula:
其中t为时间、G(t)为该震动信号21、Gx(t)为该X轴方向信号123、Gy(t)为该Y轴方向信号122、Gz(t)为该Z轴方向信号121。 Where t is time, G(t) is the vibration signal 21, G x (t) is the X-axis direction signal 123, G y (t) is the Y-axis direction signal 122, G z (t) is the Z-axis direction signal Direction signal 121.
请参考图5所示，该滤波装置20的处理器根据该震动信号21取得前述代表出现失真噪声的多数时区资讯211，本实施例中，取得多数时区资讯211的方式是先计算该震动信号21的变化率的一平均值，并取得该震动信号21的变化率的一标准差(StandardDeviation,SD)资讯，通过该平均值与该标准差资讯取得一高斯分布，若当该震动信号21变化率大于或小于高斯分布的一倍标准差之值所对应的时间(t)，即为上述时区资讯211。本实施例中，该标准差资讯的数学公式为：其中σ代表该标准差资讯、N代表信号数量、G'(t)为整合后的该震动信号21、μ代表该平均值。Please refer to FIG. 5 , the processor of the filter device 20 obtains the above-mentioned most time zone information 211 representing distorted noise according to the vibration signal 21. In this embodiment, the way to obtain most time zone information 211 is to first calculate the vibration signal 21 An average value of the rate of change of the vibration signal 21, and a standard deviation (StandardDeviation, SD) information of the rate of change of the vibration signal 21 is obtained, and a Gaussian distribution is obtained through the average value and the standard deviation information. If the rate of change of the vibration signal 21 The time (t) corresponding to the value greater or less than one standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution is the above time zone information 211 . In this embodiment, the mathematical formula of the standard deviation information is: Wherein, σ represents the standard deviation information, N represents the number of signals, G'(t) represents the integrated vibration signal 21 , and μ represents the average value.
必须特别说明的是，为提升本发明该滤波装置20的处理效能，当该处理器判断该震动信号21的平均值或多数时区资讯211的一加总值小于一门槛值时，则判定所取得的该生理信号11有效；或者，当该处理器判断该震动信号21的平均值大于一设定值或多数时区资讯211的加总值大于该生理信号11的一比例数值(如该生理信号11的50％)时，则判定所取得的该生理信号11失效。It must be particularly noted that, in order to improve the processing performance of the filter device 20 of the present invention, when the processor judges that the average value of the vibration signal 21 or a sum of most time zone information 211 is less than a threshold value, then it is determined that the acquired The physiological signal 11 is valid; or, when the processor judges that the average value of the vibration signal 21 is greater than a set value or the sum of most time zone information 211 is greater than a proportional value of the physiological signal 11 (such as the physiological signal 11 50%), it is determined that the acquired physiological signal 11 is invalid.
接着，该滤波装置20的处理器再执行该生理信号滤波演算法，以依照各个时区资讯211滤除该生理信号11中对应各个时区资讯211的失真噪声，本实施例中，该处理器执行该生理信号滤波演算法以滤除该生理信号11失真噪声的方式，将该生理信号11减去对应多数时区资讯211的信号，如图5所示，以产生一滤出信号22，该处理器再对滤除该生理信号11失真噪声后的该滤出信号22进行信号补偿，以衔接该滤出信号22中的时间断点并产生一缝合信号23，该处理器对该缝合信号23执行一信号平滑处理演算法，如图6所示，以产生一输出信号24，本实施例中该信号平滑处理演算法可为一线性内插法或一双线性内插法(cubicspline interpolation)。Next, the processor of the filtering device 20 executes the physiological signal filtering algorithm to filter out the distortion noise corresponding to each time zone information 211 in the physiological signal 11 according to each time zone information 211. In this embodiment, the processor executes the The physiological signal filtering algorithm is to filter out the distortion noise of the physiological signal 11, subtract the signal corresponding to the majority of time zone information 211 from the physiological signal 11, as shown in FIG. 5, to generate a filtered signal 22, and then the processor Perform signal compensation on the filtered signal 22 after filtering out the distortion noise of the physiological signal 11, so as to connect the time breakpoints in the filtered signal 22 and generate a stitching signal 23, and the processor performs a signal processing on the stitching signal 23 The smoothing algorithm is shown in FIG. 6 to generate an output signal 24. In this embodiment, the signal smoothing algorithm can be a linear interpolation method or a bilinear interpolation method (cubicspline interpolation).
最后，该滤波装置20可根据信号补偿后的该输出信号24的结果进行生理参数估算，以产生代表使用者生理状态的该生理参数值，并供其他应用程序做后续的分析处理，本发明生理信号处理系统通过高效率的噪声判断演算法取得失真噪声的时间，并即时滤除生理信号的失真噪声，确实可达到提升生理信号特征的精确度的效果。Finally, the filter device 20 can perform physiological parameter estimation according to the result of the output signal 24 after signal compensation, so as to generate the physiological parameter value representing the physiological state of the user, and provide subsequent analysis and processing for other application programs. The physiological parameters of the present invention The signal processing system obtains the time of the distortion noise through the high-efficiency noise judgment algorithm, and filters out the distortion noise of the physiological signal in real time, which can indeed achieve the effect of improving the accuracy of the physiological signal characteristics.
根据本发明上述较佳实施例及具体应用方式，可归纳出一生理信号处理系统的过滤噪声方法，其主要是以前述感测装置10连接前述滤波装置20，并由该滤波装置20执行该过滤噪声方法，请参考图7所示，该过滤噪声方法包括以下步骤：According to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments and specific application methods of the present invention, a noise filtering method for a physiological signal processing system can be summarized, which mainly connects the aforementioned sensing device 10 to the aforementioned filtering device 20, and the filtering device 20 performs the filtering Noise method, please refer to shown in Figure 7, this filter noise method comprises the following steps:
接收由该感测装置10检测到的使用者生理信号及震动信号(S71)，即分别取得该生理信号11(S711)、取得该震动信号21(S712)；Receiving the user's physiological signal and vibration signal detected by the sensing device 10 (S71), that is, obtaining the physiological signal 11 (S711) and obtaining the vibration signal 21 (S712);
执行一噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号21取得代表出现失真噪声的多数时区资讯211(S72)；本实施例中，取得多数时区资讯211的方式是先计算该震动信号21的变化率的一平均值，并取得该震动信号21的变化率的一标准差资讯，通过该平均值与该标准差资讯取得一高斯分布，若当该震动信号变化率大于或小于高斯分布的一倍标准差之值所对应的时间(t)，即为上述时区资讯211；Execute a noise judgment algorithm to obtain most of the time zone information 211 (S72) representing distorted noise according to the vibration signal 21; An average value, and one standard deviation information of the rate of change of the vibration signal 21 is obtained, and a Gaussian distribution is obtained through the average value and the standard deviation information, if the rate of change of the vibration signal is greater than or less than one standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution The time (t) corresponding to the value of is the above time zone information 211;
执行一生理信号滤波演算法，以依照多数时区资讯滤除该生理信号11中对应各个时区资讯211的失真噪声的信号(S73)，对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号11进行信号补偿(S74)；本实施例中，执行该生理信号滤波演算法以滤除该生理信号11失真噪声的方式，将该生理信号11减去对应多数时区资讯211的信号；Execute a physiological signal filtering algorithm to filter out the signal of distortion noise corresponding to each time zone information 211 in the physiological signal 11 according to most time zone information (S73), and perform signal compensation on the physiological signal 11 after filtering out the distortion noise (S74 ); In this embodiment, the physiological signal filtering algorithm is executed to filter out the distortion noise of the physiological signal 11, and the physiological signal 11 is subtracted from the signal corresponding to most time zone information 211;
根据信号补偿后的结果进行生理参数估算，以产生代表使用者生理状态的一生理参数值(S75)。Physiological parameter estimation is performed according to the signal compensation result to generate a physiological parameter value representing the physiological state of the user ( S75 ).
进一步的，请参考图8所示，当该过滤噪声方法执行至前述“取得该震动信号21(S712)”步骤时，该滤波装置20先取得前述的Z轴方向信号121、Y轴方向信号122以及X轴方向信号123(S7121)，再将Z轴方向信号121、Y轴方向信号122以及X轴方向信号123利用前述数学公式进行整合(S7122)，以取得具有强度的时间函数(如G(t))的该震动信号21(S7123)。Further, please refer to FIG. 8 , when the noise filtering method is executed to the aforementioned step of "obtaining the vibration signal 21 (S712)", the filtering device 20 first acquires the aforementioned Z-axis direction signal 121 and Y-axis direction signal 122 and the X-axis direction signal 123 (S7121), and then the Z-axis direction signal 121, the Y-axis direction signal 122 and the X-axis direction signal 123 using the aforementioned mathematical formula Integrate (S7122) to obtain the vibration signal 21 (S7123) having a time function of intensity (such as G(t)).
又当该过滤噪声方法执行前述“执行一噪声判断演算法，以根据该震动信号21取得代表出现失真噪声的多数时区资讯211(S72)”步骤后，该过滤噪声方法进一步执行以下步骤：And when the noise filtering method executes the aforementioned steps of "executing a noise judgment algorithm to obtain most time zone information 211 (S72) representing distorted noise according to the vibration signal 21", the noise filtering method further executes the following steps:
根据该震动信号21或多数时区资讯211判断该生理信号11是否有效(S76)；Judging whether the physiological signal 11 is valid according to the vibration signal 21 or most of the time zone information 211 (S76);
若是，则接续执行前述“执行一生理信号滤波演算法，以依照多数时区资讯，滤除该生理信号11中对应各个时区资讯211的失真噪声的信号(S73)”步骤；If so, continue to execute the aforementioned step of "executing a physiological signal filtering algorithm to filter out the distorted noise signal corresponding to each time zone information 211 in the physiological signal 11 according to most time zone information (S73)";
若否，则回到前述“接收由该感测装置10检测到的使用者生理信号及震动信号(S71)”步骤。If not, return to the aforementioned step of "receiving the user's physiological signal and vibration signal detected by the sensing device 10 (S71)".
藉由上述步骤，对取得的该生理信号11的有效性进行筛选，可避免处理器执行无谓的运算，本实施例中，当该方法执行至前述“根据该震动信号21或多数时区资讯211判断该生理信号11是否有效”步骤，该方法更包括以下步骤：判断该震动信号21的平均值或多数时区资讯211的一加总值小于一门槛值；或者，判断该震动信号21的平均值大于一设定值或多数时区资讯211的加总值大于该生理信号11的一比例数值(如该生理信号11的50％)。再者，当该过滤噪声方法执行至前述“对滤除失真噪声后的该生理信号11进行信号补偿(S74)”步骤时，是衔接该生理信号11进行滤除失真噪声后所产生的时间断点，以将该生理信号11的时间断点缝合(S741)，再对该缝合后的该生理信号11执行一信号平滑处理演算法，以产生一输出信号；最后，根据信号补偿后的结果(该输出信号)进行生理参数估算，以产生代表使用者生理状态的一生理参数值(S75)，例如将该输出信号进行分析以取得使用者的心率变异(HeartRateVariability,HRV)的生理参数；本实施例中，该信号平滑处理演算法可为一线性内插法或一双线性内插法。Through the above steps, the validity of the obtained physiological signal 11 is screened, which can avoid the processor from performing unnecessary calculations. The physiological signal 11 is valid" step, the method further includes the following steps: judging that the average value of the vibration signal 21 or a sum of most time zone information 211 is less than a threshold value; or judging that the average value of the vibration signal 21 is greater than A set value or the sum of most time zone information 211 is greater than a proportional value of the physiological signal 11 (eg, 50% of the physiological signal 11 ). Furthermore, when the noise filtering method is executed to the aforementioned step of “signal compensating the physiological signal 11 after filtering out the distortion noise (S74)”, it is the time interval generated after the physiological signal 11 is filtered out. point, to stitch the time breakpoints of the physiological signal 11 (S741), and then execute a signal smoothing algorithm on the stitched physiological signal 11 to generate an output signal; finally, according to the signal compensation result ( The output signal) performs physiological parameter estimation to generate a physiological parameter value (S75) representing the physiological state of the user, such as analyzing the output signal to obtain the physiological parameter of the user's heart rate variation (HeartRateVariability, HRV); this implementation In one example, the signal smoothing algorithm may be a linear interpolation method or a bilinear interpolation method.
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明做出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。Of course, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention. All changes and deformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
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