CN106703720A - Well drilling device with steel wire transmission function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a wire-driven drilling device, comprising a wire rope (8), a high-pressure hose (7) and a drill bit (12), the high-pressure hose (7) is sheathed outside the wire rope (8), and the drill bit (12) is set At one end of the wire rope (8), the wire rope (8) can transmit the torque to the drill bit (12) and make the drill bit (12) rotate to break rock. The wire rope is installed in the high-pressure hose, the upper end is connected with the screw drilling tool, and the lower end is connected with the drill bit through a threaded hollow connecting rod; when drilling, the torque generated by the rotation of the screw drilling tool is transmitted to the drill bit through the wire rope; the high-pressure fluid passes through the high-pressure The gap between the hose and the steel wire enters the hollow connecting rod and is ejected from the drill bit, thereby realizing hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking. The device can overcome the defect that the high-pressure hose is difficult to provide drilling pressure and torque for the drill bit, and significantly improve the mechanical drilling speed and rock breaking efficiency. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and safe and reliable use.

Description

Drilling device driven by steel wire

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a steel wire driven drilling device.

Background technique

Ultra-short-radius radial horizontal well technology was first proposed in the 1980s, and was first applied to the reconstruction of old wells and enhanced oil recovery. Combined with fracturing, it can significantly increase the production capacity of oil and gas wells, and has become one of the effective means of improving oil recovery in oil fields. The principle of this technology is based on coiled tubing technology, equipped with special key drilling tools (mainly including jet drill bit, trajectory control device, reamer and diverter, etc.), in the corresponding reservoir section that has been drilled into the main wellbore, drilling Produce one or more layers of radially branched tiny wellbore, thereby increasing the productivity of the oil well. In addition, at the beginning of this century, researchers proposed the use of more flexible composite material high-pressure hoses as drill pipes for branch wells, and improved the design of the diverter, so that the operating system can achieve non-reaming, and can be realized in the main wellbore. Steering without reaming.

After nearly 30 years of development, the ultra-short radius horizontal well technology has made great progress. However, due to the drilling principle and the characteristics of the equipment itself, no matter when drilling with coiled tubing or high pressure hose Problems, such as conventional ultra-short radius radial horizontal well drilling technology requires forging and milling the casing first, and then large-diameter reaming, the process is complex, the success rate is low, the operation cycle is long, and the casing is damaged; During operation, due to the weak axial force (weight-on-bit) transmission capacity of the high-pressure hose, and it is difficult to provide pressure-on-bit for the mechanical rock-breaking drill bit, it only relies on pure hydraulic drilling, but limited by the size of the hose, the hydraulic energy is limited. As for being unable to realize high-efficiency rock-breaking and self-advancement extension. How to use the limited displacement to achieve high rock-breaking efficiency and increase the horizontal footage of radial wells as much as possible is the main problem still faced by hydraulic jet sidetracking radial horizontal well technology.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defect that it is difficult for the high-pressure hose to provide the drilling pressure and torque required for rock breaking, the present invention provides a wire-driven drilling device, which can Realize higher rock-breaking efficiency and larger radial well horizontal footage. In addition, the wire-driven drilling device has a simple and reliable concept, which can ensure safe and efficient downhole operations.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a drilling device driven by steel wire, including a steel wire rope, a high-pressure hose and a drill bit, the high-pressure hose is sleeved outside the steel wire rope, and the drill bit is arranged at one end of the steel wire rope. Pass to the drill and spin the drill to break the rock.

The wire-driven drilling device also includes a screw drilling tool, a piston, a hollow connecting rod, a connecting head, a thrust bearing and the like connected in sequence.

The piston is placed on the screw drilling tool, and the piston can drive the screw drilling tool to move downward under the action of high-pressure fluid, and then rely on the driving force of the piston and the self-weight of the screw drilling tool to apply drilling pressure to the lower drill bit. The steel wire rope is placed in the high-pressure hose, the upper end is connected with the screw drilling tool, and the lower end is connected with the drill bit through a hollow connecting rod, so the torque generated by the rotation of the screw drilling tool can be transmitted to the drill bit through the steel wire rope, which overcomes the difficulties caused by the high-pressure hose. The drill bit provides insufficient torque required for rock breaking, and can significantly improve the drilling speed and rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit. The high-pressure fluid passes through the gap between the high-pressure hose and the steel wire, enters the hollow connecting rod, and is ejected from the drill bit to break rock and carry cuttings. In this way, compared with the previous relying solely on hydraulic rock breaking, this invention can achieve combined hydraulic and mechanical rock breaking . Therefore, when drilling, the surface drilling pump only needs to provide the pressure required to carry the cuttings, which in turn can reduce the pressure of the entire drilling system and make it easier for the high-pressure hose to pass through the diverter. In addition, the lower drill bit is connected to the hollow connecting rod through threads, and the hollow connecting rod is connected to the upper end of the connecting head through threads, and the other end of the connecting head is matched with the thrust bearing. This design can ensure the stability and safety of the drill bit during operation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The tool structure is relatively simple, especially under complex downhole conditions, the simple structure can ensure the reliability of the tool.

2. The design of the piston and wire rope can overcome the shortcomings that the high-pressure hose cannot bear the axial force and provide torque to the drill bit.

3. The drill bit is drilled under the driving of the wire rope, which can form a radial wellbore with regular shape, and can overcome the disadvantage of low rock-breaking efficiency of solely relying on hydraulic drilling.

4. Since the drilling pump only needs to provide the pressure required to carry cuttings during drilling, the device can significantly reduce hydraulic energy, thereby greatly reducing the pressure of the drilling system.

5. The pressure reduction of the entire drilling system helps the high-pressure hose overcome the resistance when passing through the steering gear, and can send the high-pressure hose into the formation for a certain distance, greatly increasing the extension limit of the radial horizontal well.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the drilling principle of the wire-driven drilling device.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the drilling device driven by wire.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wire-driven drilling device.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the drill bit.

1. Steering gear; 2. Oil pipe anchor; 3. Casing; 4. Oil pipe; 5. Piston; 6. Screw drilling tool; 7. High pressure hose; 8. Steel wire rope; 9. Hollow connecting rod; 10. Connector; 11. Thrust bearing; 12. Drill bit.

detailed description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

A wire-driven drilling device, comprising a wire rope 8, a high-pressure hose 7 and a drill bit 12, the high-pressure hose 7 is sleeved outside the wire rope 8, the drill bit 12 is arranged at one end of the wire rope 8, the wire rope 8 can transmit torque to the drill bit 12 and The drill bit 12 is rotated to break the rock, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 .

The concrete requirement of wire rope 8 is to be able to transmit torque and pressure to drill bit 12, thereby drill bit 12 is rotated and drilled into broken rock. Those skilled in the art can specifically design and implement the size, material and processing technology of the steel wire rope 8 according to this requirement. Specifically, the steel wire rope 8 can be made of 8 strands of steel wire bundles in a cross-winding manner. The diameter of the drill can be selected from 8mm to 12mm, and the drilling device driven by steel wire can achieve high rock breaking efficiency and large radial well horizontal footage without changing the existing technology and equipment.

In this embodiment, one end of the wire rope 8 is connected and fixed to the drill bit 12 through a hollow connecting rod 9 . The hollow connecting rod 9 contains an inner flow channel passing through the axial direction, the inner diameter of the high-pressure hose 7 is larger than the outer diameter of the steel wire rope 8, a fluid flow cavity is provided between the high-pressure hose 7 and the steel wire rope 8, and the working end of the drill bit 12 contains The fluid injection hole, the fluid flow cavity can communicate with the fluid injection hole through the inner channel of the hollow connecting rod 9, as shown in FIG. 4 .

In this embodiment, one end of the hollow connecting rod 9 is fixedly sleeved outside one end of the steel wire rope 8, and the other end of the hollow connecting rod 9 is fixedly sleeved inside the tail of the drill bit 12. The fluid flow cavity and the through hole of the inner flow channel. One end of the high-pressure hose 7 is fixed with a cylindrical connector 10. The connector 10 is sleeved outside the hollow connecting rod 9. The connector 10 contains an annular protrusion, and the hollow connecting rod 9 fits with the annular protrusion. The hole is located between one end of the wire rope 8 and the annular protrusion.

In this embodiment, the hollow connecting rod 9 is provided with a thrust bearing 11, and the thrust bearing 11 is located in the joint 10, and the thrust bearing 11 is arranged between the annular protrusion and the drill bit 12, and the outer surface of the thrust bearing 11 The ring is connected and fixed with the connecting head 10, the inner ring of the thrust bearing 11 is connected and fixed with the hollow connecting rod 9, and the inner ring of the thrust bearing 11 abuts against the drill bit 12.

In this embodiment, the wire-driven drilling device further includes a driving mechanism capable of providing torque to the wire rope 8 . The driving mechanism is a screw drilling tool 6, the other end of the wire rope 8 is connected with the screw drilling tool 6, and the screw drilling tool 6 is connected with a high-pressure hose 7. The outer casing of the screw drilling tool 6 is provided with a piston 5 . The wire driven drilling device also includes a diverter 1, the upper end of the diverter 1 is connected with an oil pipe 4, the screw drilling tool 6 and the piston 5 are all arranged in the oil pipe 4, the outer diameter of the piston 5 matches the inner diameter of the oil pipe 4, and the wire rope 8 and high-pressure hose 7 are all connected with the lower end of screw drilling tool 6.

Introduce the working process of the drilling device of this steel wire drive below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

In Fig. 1, the steering gear 1 is fixed at a predetermined position downhole through the tubing 4, and the tubing anchor 2 at the bottom can be fixed on the casing 3 as a whole, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the downhole operation; the screw drilling tool 6 Connected to the wire rope 8 and the high-pressure hose 7 through threads respectively, the piston 5 is pre-fixed on the screw drilling tool 6; The rod 9 passes through the connecting head 10 through the gap seal and cooperates with the thrust bearing 11. The other end of the hollow connecting rod 9 is connected with the drill bit 12; The gap between the hose 6 and the wire rope 8 (the fluid flow cavity) enters the inner flow channel in the hollow connecting rod 9, and ejects rock breaking from the drill bit 12 (the fluid injection hole); when drilling, the piston 5 The screw drilling tool 6 can be driven downward under the action of high-pressure fluid, so the driving force and the self-weight of the upper drilling tool can be applied to the lower rock-breaking drill bit 12 through the wire rope 8, so as to overcome the inability of the high-pressure hose 7 to transmit the axial force (or drilling pressure) defects, thereby greatly improving the rock-breaking efficiency; and the steel wire rope 8 in the high-pressure hose 7, because the upper part is connected with the screw drilling tool 6, and the lower part is connected with the hollow connecting rod 9, so the screw drilling tool 6 can be drilled when drilling. The generated torque is transmitted to the rock-breaking drill bit 12 to achieve efficient combined hydraulic and mechanical rock-breaking without changing the existing process and equipment, significantly reducing the pressure of the drilling system, and prompting the high-pressure hose 7 to overcome the higher pressure to pass through the rock. The resistance when turning gear 1 makes it easier to extend to the reservoir.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, when the drilling string is lowered, the high-pressure hose 6 is in a vertically elongated state as a whole due to its own weight, and when it enters the diverter 1, due to the restriction of the diverter 1, the high-pressure The hose 6 will automatically bend to realize the steering and then reach the designated position; in addition, Fig. 3 reflects the realization form of the wire drive, the device mainly consists of a high-pressure hose 7, a wire rope 8, a connector 10, a hollow connecting rod 9 and a drill bit 12 equal connections; compared with the previous ultra-short-radius radial horizontal well drilling device, the design of the wire rope 8 helps to overcome the problem that the high-pressure hose 7 is difficult to transmit torque to the drill bit 12, thereby achieving efficient drilling; 8 Drilling driven by the transmitted torque can get rid of the limitation of hydraulic energy when drilling with pure water, reduce the pressure of the pipeline, reduce the steering resistance of the high-pressure hose 7, and thus further extend to the formation and increase the ultra-short radius Extendability to horizontal wells.

As can be seen from Figure 4, the outer high-pressure hose 7 is connected to the connector 10; the thrust bearing 11 cooperates with the hollow connecting rod 9, and the hollow connecting rod 9 is respectively connected to the steel wire rope 8 and the drill bit 12 through threads, and simultaneously the thrust The bearing 11 is limited on the connecting head 10; through this design, the wire rope 8 can efficiently transmit the torque generated by the upper part to the lower drill bit 12, and drive the drill bit 12 to mechanically break rock, thereby forming a radial wellbore with a relatively regular shape , and can overcome the shortcomings of low rock-breaking efficiency of purely relying on hydraulic drilling; at the same time, when the high-pressure hose is filled with high-pressure fluid, the drilling pressure generated by the piston 5 and the screw drilling tool 6 can be applied to the drill bit 12 to effectively break the rock. The inside of the hollow connecting rod 9 is hollow. Therefore, when drilling, the ground drilling pump pumps the high-pressure fluid into the gap between the high-pressure hose 7 and the steel wire rope 8, and flows through the drill bit nozzle through the hole at the upper end of the hollow connecting rod 9. Realize jet-flow breaking rock and carry cuttings, pass through the annular space of high-pressure hose 7 and radial well afterwards, go up and return to ground.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and cannot limit the scope of the invention, so the replacement of its equivalent components, or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent protection scope of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of this patent. category. In addition, the technical features and technical features, technical features and technical solutions, and technical solutions and technical solutions in the present invention can be used in free combination.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of drilling rig of steel wire drive, it is characterised in that the drilling rig of the steel wire drive includes steel wire rope (8), high Pressure flexible pipe (7) and drill bit (12), high-pressure hose (7) are sheathed on steel wire rope (8) outward, and drill bit (12) is arranged at the one of steel wire rope (8) End, steel wire rope (8) can deliver torque to drill bit (12) and drill bit (12) is rotated broken rock.

2. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during one end of steel wire rope (8) passes through Empty connecting rod (9) is connected with drill bit (12).

3. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 2, it is characterised in that hollow connecting rod (9) is contained within edge Axially through inner flow passage, the internal diameter of high-pressure hose (7) more than steel wire rope (8) external diameter, high-pressure hose (7) and steel wire rope (8) Between be provided with fluid flow cavities, fluid injection orifice is contained in the working end of drill bit (12), and the fluid flow cavities can pass through The inner flow passage of hollow connecting rod (9) is connected with the fluid injection orifice.

4. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 3, it is characterised in that one end of hollow connecting rod (9) is consolidated Surely it is sheathed on outside one end of steel wire rope (8), the other end fixed cover of hollow connecting rod (9) is located in the afterbody of drill bit (12), in The side wall of empty connecting rod (9) is communicated with the through hole of the fluid flow cavities and inner flow passage.

5. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 4, it is characterised in that one end of high-pressure hose (7) is fixed There is the connector (10) of tubular, connector (10) is sheathed on hollow connecting rod (9) outward, and connector (10) is contained within annular protrusion, Hollow connecting rod (9) coordinates with the annular protrusion gap, and the through hole is located between one end of steel wire rope (8) and the annular protrusion.

6. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that be arranged with outside hollow connecting rod (9) Thrust bearing (11), in connector (10), thrust bearing (11) is arranged at the annular protrusion and drill bit to thrust bearing (11) (12) between, outer ring and the connector (10) of thrust bearing (11) are connected, inner ring and the hollow connection of thrust bearing (11) Bar (9) is connected, and the inner ring of thrust bearing (11) is abutted with drill bit (12).

7. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drilling rig of the steel wire drive is also Drive mechanism including moment of torsion can be provided to steel wire rope (8).

8. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the drive mechanism is helicoid hydraulic motor (6), the other end of steel wire rope (8) is connected with helicoid hydraulic motor (6), and helicoid hydraulic motor (6) is connected with high-pressure hose (7).

9. the drilling rig of steel wire drive according to claim 8, it is characterised in that be arranged with work outside helicoid hydraulic motor (6) Plug (5).