CN106705122A - Nozzle with inner and outer mixing zones, nozzle array and burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a nozzle with inner and outer mixing zones. The nozzle is characterized in that wave cyclones are coaxially arranged in an outer wall cylinder; a middle cylinder is embedded in the wave cyclones; the wave cyclones are cut into inner ring cyclone structures and outer ring cyclone structures; the inner ring cyclone structures, the outer ring cyclone structures and the middle cylinder and the outer wall cylinder define an inner runner and an outer runner, and the inner mixing zone and the outer mixing zone are formed; and combustible mixtures of the inner runner and the outer runner are mixed in an outlet mixing zone. According to the nozzle, fuel and air are not mixed before entering the nozzle, the combustible mixture of the outer mixing zone performs rotational motion, the combustible mixture can form expanded flames at a nozzle outlet under the action of centrifugal force, and combustion stability is improved; and combustible objects flowing from a middle cylinder outlet zone performs irrotational axial motion, a strong reflux zone can be prevented from forming at the outlet of the nozzle, flow loss is reduced, pollutant discharge is reduced, the nozzle has good combustion stability, and low pollutant discharge is achieved.

Description

A nozzle, nozzle array and burner with internal and external mixing zones

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion devices, in particular to a nozzle, a nozzle array and a burner with internal and external mixing zones, which are especially suitable for various industrial burners such as gas turbines, boilers, and chemical furnaces.

Background technique

Gas turbines are widely used in electric power, aviation, petrochemical and other industries due to their small size and large output power. Due to the energy crisis and environmental deterioration, it is urgent to develop high-efficiency and clean combustion chambers, which are required to have the characteristics of reliable ignition, stable combustion, high efficiency and low emissions. At present, the problem of environmental pollution in our country is very serious, and it is very urgent to develop clean combustion technology of gas turbines. Gas turbine manufacturers have developed a variety of clean combustion technologies, such as lean premixed combustion technology, dilute-phase premixed pre-evaporation technology, lean oil direct injection technology, and catalytic combustion technology. Although these technologies can effectively reduce pollutant emissions, they are all Facing the problem of unstable combustion. For example, a radial staged combustion technology for liquid fuel combustion developed by General Motors Corporation of the United States can effectively reduce nitrogen monoxide emissions. However, since the main flame is stable at the low-velocity edge of the shear layer, periodic vortex shedding will occur near the low-velocity region of the shear layer, and oscillations will easily occur near the stable point, and combustion instability will easily occur when operating in non-design conditions. Similar to gas turbine burners, other types of industrial burners also face the contradiction between stable combustion and reduced pollutant emissions.

The advantages of diffusion combustion are that there will be no backfire phenomenon during operation, high safety factor, stable and reliable operation, in addition, it has the advantages of easy ignition, thermal load adjustment, and wide adjustable range of thermal load. The disadvantage is that it only relies on diffusion during combustion. The effect makes the air and gas contact with each other to produce a chemical reaction, so the flame length of the diffusion burner is longer, and the heat release intensity per unit volume is not high. The advantage of premixed combustion is that it can reduce pollutant emissions through technologies such as lean premixed combustion and dilute-phase premixed pre-evaporation. Due to the pre-mixing of fuel and oxidant, the influence of the combustion reaction on the mixing time scale can be basically ignored, which greatly improves the The disadvantages of combustion reaction speed and flame propagation speed are that the flame stability is poor, and tempering will bring safety hazards, especially when the fuel flame propagation speed is fast, the tempering problem is more prominent, such as burning hydrogen or hydrogen-rich fuel.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a burner that combines the advantages of diffusion combustion and premixed combustion.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a nozzle, a nozzle array and a burner with internal and external mixing zones.

(2) Technical solutions

The invention provides a nozzle with both internal and external mixing areas, including: a middle cylinder, an outer wall cylinder, a mesh plate and a wave cyclone; wherein, the wave cyclone is coaxially arranged on the outer wall circle In the cylinder; the middle cylinder is inserted into the wave cyclone from the outlet end of the wave cyclone along the axial direction of the wave cyclone, and the wave cyclone is divided into an inner ring swirl structure and the outer ring swirl structure; the outer ring swirl structure, the middle cylinder and the outer wall cylinder form an outer flow channel, and the inner ring swirl structure and the middle cylinder form an inner flow channel; the mesh plate is set In the middle cylinder, an inner mixing zone is formed between the mesh plate and the outlet end of the wave cyclone, and the inner mixing zone communicates with the inner flow channel; the outer wall cylinder, the wave cyclone The outlet end and the middle cylinder form an outer mixing zone, the outer mixing zone communicates with the outer flow channel, and the part of the outer wall cylinder protruding from the middle cylinder forms an outlet mixing zone; the fuel and air flowing into the inner flow channel Entering the inner mixing zone to be mixed into the first swirling combustible mixture, the fuel and air flowing into the outer flow channel enter the outer mixing zone to be mixed into the second swirling combustible mixture, and the first swirling combustible mixture becomes a non-flammable mixture after passing through the mesh plate. The swirling combustible mixture, the non-swirling combustible mixture and the second swirling combustible mixture are blended in the outlet mixing zone.

Preferably, the wave cyclone is formed by a plurality of wave crests and a plurality of wave troughs undulating in the radial direction arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, the wave troughs arranged in the circumferential direction form an inscribed circle, and the wave peaks arranged in the circumferential direction form an outer circle. The diameter of the intermediate cylinder is between the diameter of the inscribed circle and the diameter of the circumscribed circle.

Preferably, part or all of the inner ring swirl structure is trimmed off in the axial direction, a cavity is formed on the upstream side of the wave swirler, and an internal mixing is formed between the bottom of the cavity and the mesh plate. Area.

Preferably, grooves are trimmed at the outlet end of the wave cyclone.

Preferably, the central axis of the nozzle is provided with a duty flame flow passage, and the combustible mixture enters the duty flame flow passage from the duty flame fuel inlet.

Preferably, the outer wall cylinder includes an outer wall inner cylinder and an outer wall sleeve sleeved outside the outer wall inner cylinder, the outer wall sleeve can move in the axial direction, and the diffusion combustion mode can be realized by adjusting the axial position of the outer wall sleeve Switching between premixed and premixed combustion modes.

Preferably, the central axis of the nozzle is provided with a high-voltage electrode casing, the high-voltage electrode is located in the high-voltage electrode casing, and a discharge is formed between the discharge tip of the high-voltage electrode and the outlet of the nozzle.

Preferably, the ratio of the opening area of the mesh plate to the area of the mesh plate is 40%-80%.

The present invention also provides a nozzle array, including a plurality of the above nozzles, wherein the nozzle array is a circular array, the circular array includes P rings of nozzles, and each ring of nozzles includes Q nozzles, where 1≤P, Q≤100; or, the nozzle array is a rectangular array, the rectangular array includes P rows of nozzles, each row of nozzles includes Q nozzles, where 1≤P, Q≤100.

The present invention also provides a burner, which includes the above-mentioned nozzle, or the above-mentioned nozzle array.

(3) Beneficial effects

It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the nozzle, nozzle array and burner with internal and external mixing zones of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

(1) In the nozzle of the present invention, fuel and air are not mixed before entering the nozzle, and the combustible mixture in the outer mixing zone has a rotary motion, and the combustible mixer is formed at the nozzle outlet under the action of centrifugal force to form an expanding flame, which improves the Combustion stability, the combustibles flowing out of the outlet area of the middle cylinder are in a non-rotating axial movement, which can prevent the formation of a strong backflow area at the nozzle outlet, reduce flow loss, reduce pollutant emissions, and have good combustion stability high performance and low pollutant emissions;

(2) Part or all of the swirl structure of the inner ring can be trimmed off, which helps to reduce the weight of the nozzle and reduce the flow friction loss;

(3) The outlet end of the wave cyclone can be trimmed with grooves, which helps to further reduce the weight of the nozzle and reduce the flow friction loss;

(4) There is an on-duty flame flow channel on the central axis of the nozzle, which can block the channel in the middle of the wave swirler, so that the air and fuel can be mixed more evenly, and the combustion performance of the nozzle is improved;

(5) The outer wall cylinder includes the outer wall inner cylinder and the outer wall sleeve set outside the outer wall inner cylinder. The outer wall sleeve can move in the axial direction, and the nozzle can be switched between two combustion modes. It has various functions and can make full use of different modes. advantages, while avoiding the disadvantages of different modes as far as possible, it can be applied to various working conditions and fuels, and improves the combustion performance;

(6) A high-voltage electrode jacket is installed at the central axis of the nozzle. The high-voltage electrode is located in the high-voltage electrode jacket. A discharge is formed between the discharge tip of the high-voltage electrode and the nozzle outlet, which can be used for nozzle ignition and is conducive to stable combustion. The high-voltage electrode jacket can The channel in the middle of the wave swirl structure is blocked to make the air and fuel mix more evenly, and further improve the combustion performance of the nozzle.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a half-sectional view of a nozzle with both internal and external mixing zones according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the nozzle shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1 omitting the outer wall cylinder;

Fig. 4 is a split view of a certain position along the axial direction in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the size of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the axial dimension of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the swirling flow structure of the inner circle of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1 trimmed;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1 trimming all the inner ring swirl structure;

Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the wave swirler shown in Fig. 8, which only shows that all the inner ring swirl structures are trimmed;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of trimming grooves on a wave cyclone;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram with a flame runner on duty;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a diffusion combustion mode with an outer wall sleeve;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a premixed combustion mode with an outer wall sleeve;

Figure 14 is a nozzle with a plasma actuator.

【Symbol Description】

1-Entrance of middle cylinder; 2-Entrance of outer wall cylinder; 3-Outer wall cylinder; 4-Support cylinder; 5-Wave cyclone; 6-Middle cylinder; 7-Inner mixing zone; 8-Mesh Plate; 9-outer mixing zone; 10-middle cylinder outlet zone; 11-outlet mixing zone; 12-nozzle outlet; 13-inner ring swirl structure; 14-outer ring swirl structure; 15-groove; 16- duty flame fuel inlet; 17- duty flame flow channel; 18- outer wall sleeve; 19- plasma power grounding terminal; 20- plasma power supply; 21- plasma power high voltage end; 22- high voltage electrode; 23- high voltage Electrode jacket; 24-high voltage electrode discharge tip; 25-outer wall inner cylinder.

A-diameter of the outer wall cylinder; B-diameter of the middle cylinder; C-diameter of the inscribed circle of the wave cyclone; D-the depth of the middle cylinder embedded in the wave cyclone; E-thickness of the mesh plate; F-internal mixing Height of mixing zone; G-height of outlet zone of middle cylinder; H-height of outlet mixing zone.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a nozzle with both internal and external mixing zones, including: a middle cylinder 6 , an outer wall cylinder 3 , a mesh plate 8 and a wave swirl structure 5 . The wave swirl structure is located in the outer wall cylinder 3 and coaxially arranged with the outer wall cylinder 3; the wave swirl structure includes a wave swirl 5 and a support cylinder 4, and the wave swirl 5 consists of multiple wave crests undulating in the radial direction and a plurality of troughs are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction, and the troughs arranged along the circumferential direction form an inscribed circle, forming an inscribed circle space in the center of the wave cyclone 5, and the wave crests arranged along the circumferential direction form a circumscribed circle; The downstream side portion of the cyclone 5 is transitionally connected to the support cylinder 4 . The middle cylinder 6 is inserted into the wave cyclone 5 from the outlet end of the wave cyclone 5 along the axial direction of the wave cyclone 5, and the diameter of the middle cylinder 6 is between the diameter of the inscribed circle and the diameter of the circumscribed circle, which will The wave cyclone 5 is divided into two parts, the inner ring swirl structure 13 and the outer ring swirl structure 14, the outer ring swirl structure 14, the middle cylinder 6 and the outer wall cylinder 3 form an outer flow channel, and the inner ring swirl structure 13 The inner runner is surrounded by the middle cylinder 6. The mesh plate 8 is set in the middle cylinder 6, the inner mixing zone 7 is formed between the mesh plate 8 and the outlet end of the wave cyclone 5, the inner mixing zone 7 is connected with the inner flow channel, and the outer wall cylinder 3 is along the The downstream direction protrudes from the middle cylinder 6, the outer wall cylinder 3, the outlet end of the wave cyclone 5 and the middle cylinder 6 form an outer mixing zone 9, the outer mixing zone 9 communicates with the outer flow channel, and the outer wall cylinder 3 protrudes An outlet mixing zone 11 is formed at the part of the middle cylinder 6 .

In the nozzle of this embodiment, fuel and air are not mixed before entering the nozzle, and the middle cylinder inlet 1 can be a fuel inlet or an air inlet, and similarly, the outer wall cylinder inlet 2 can also be a fuel inlet or an air inlet. In order to achieve combustion, the fuel and air must be mixed together. In this embodiment, there are three mixing zones, namely the inner mixing zone 7 , the outer mixing zone 9 and the outlet mixing zone 11 . Take fuel into the inlet 1 of the middle cylinder and air into the inlet 2 of the outer wall cylinder as an example, the fuel enters the nozzle from the inlet 1 of the middle cylinder, enters the wave swirler 5 through the support cylinder 4, and part of the fuel flows into the inner flow channel , part of the fuel flows into the outer flow channel, the air enters the nozzle from the outer wall cylinder inlet 2, part of the air flows into the inner flow channel, and part of the air flows into the outer flow channel, and the fuel and air flowing into the inner flow channel enter the inner mixing zone 7 and mix to form a swirling combustible Mixture; the fuel and air flowing into the outer flow channel enter the outer mixing zone 9 to be mixed into a swirling combustible mixture, and the mesh plate 8 acts as a filter, and the swirling combustible mixture in the inner mixing zone 7 passes through the mesh plate 8, and its The swirling motion is filtered to become a non-rotating combustible mixture. After the non-rotating combustible mixture flows out through the outlet zone 10 of the middle cylinder, it is mixed with the swirling combustible mixture flowing out of the outer mixing zone 9 in the outlet mixing zone 11, and is sprayed by the nozzle Outlet 12 ejects combustion. In the present invention, because the combustible mixture in the outer mixing zone 9 has a rotating motion, the combustible mixer forms an expanding flame at the nozzle outlet 12 under the action of centrifugal force, which improves the stability of combustion, and the middle cylinder outlet zone 10 flows out The combustibles are non-rotating axial movement, which can prevent the formation of a strong recirculation zone at the outlet of the nozzle, reduce the flow loss and reduce the emission of pollutants, so the nozzle of the present invention has good combustion stability and low pollutant emission at the same time . When air is fed into the inlet 1 of the middle cylinder and fuel is fed into the inlet 2 of the outer wall cylinder, the working process of the nozzle is similar to the above process, and will not be repeated here.

The cross-sectional profile of the inlet end of the swirl wave device can be circular or polygonal, preferably circular; the cross-sectional profile of the exit end of the swirl wave device can be sinusoidal, square, triangular, square with circular chamfers Waveform; the guiding line of the swirl wave device is a straight line or a curve. The inner flow channel and the outer flow channel are oblique flow channels. The fuel and air are respectively on both sides of the wave swirler. mix. Preferably, when the rotation direction of the oblique flow channel is counterclockwise, the angle between the oblique flow channel and the axial direction ranges from -90° to 0°, preferably -30° to -60°; or the direction of rotation of the oblique flow channel In the case of clockwise rotation, the angle between the oblique flow channel and the axial direction ranges from 0° to 90°, preferably 30° to 60°.

In this embodiment, please refer to Fig. 5, the diameter of the outer wall cylinder is A (that is, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the wave cyclone 5), the diameter of the middle cylinder is B, and the diameter of the inscribed circle of the wave cyclone 5 is C , and A>B>C, preferably B=(A+C)/2. The cross-sectional profile of the middle cylinder 6 can be circular, triangular, polygonal, preferably circular.

Please refer to Fig. 6, the depth of the middle cylinder 6 embedded in the wave cyclone 5 is D is 1mm-1000mm, preferably D=A/2; the thickness E of the mesh plate is 1mm-1000mm, preferably E=5mm; the inner mixing zone The height F is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably F=A/2; the height G of the outlet area of the middle cylinder is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably G=A/2; the height H of the outlet mixing area is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably H is between 1.5A ~3A.

The ratio of the area of the holes on the mesh plate to the area of the mesh plate is 0-100%, that is to say, the mesh plate 8 may not have holes, and the fuel and air are only mixed through the outer flow channel. At this time, the holes on the mesh plate The ratio of the area to the area of the mesh plate is 0; the mesh plate 8 can be fully perforated, which is equivalent to not setting a mesh plate, so that the combustible mixture in the outlet area 10 of the middle cylinder is also a combustible mixing zone with rotation. The ratio of the opening area to the area of the mesh plate is 100%. Preferably, the ratio of the area of the holes on the mesh plate to the area of the mesh plate is 40%-80%. The diameter of the hole on the mesh plate is 0.1-10mm, and the size of the hole can be the same or different; the shape of the hole can be circular, oval, triangular, polygonal or a combination of these shapes.

For the nozzle of the second embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the purpose of brief description, any technical features described in the above-mentioned first embodiment that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and the same description does not need to be repeated.

In this embodiment, part of the structure of the inner ring swirl structure 13 located in the middle cylinder 6 is trimmed off in the axial direction (see Fig. 7), and the upstream side part of the wave swirler 5 forms a cavity, the cavity An inner mixing zone is formed between the bottom and the mesh plate 8, which helps to reduce the weight of the nozzle and reduce flow friction loss. The height of the trimmed part of the structure is between 0 and 100%D. After trimming, the position of the mesh plate is also adjusted accordingly, so that the height F of the inner mixing zone is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably F=A/2.

Please refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, in this embodiment, can all trim off the inner ring swirl structure 13, the swirl wave structure only includes the outer ring swirl structure 14, and the upstream side part of the wave swirler 5 forms a void. The inner mixing area is formed between the bottom of the cavity and the mesh plate, which helps to further reduce the weight of the nozzle and reduce the flow friction loss. After trimming, the position of the mesh plate is also adjusted accordingly, so that the height F of the inner mixing zone is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably F=A/2.

For the nozzle of the third embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the purpose of brief description, any technical features described in any of the above embodiments that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and the same description does not need to be repeated.

Please refer to FIG. 10 , in this embodiment, a groove 15 is trimmed at the outlet end of the wave swirler 5 , which helps to further reduce the weight of the nozzle and reduce flow friction loss.

For the nozzle of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, for the purpose of brief description, any technical features described in any of the above embodiments that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and the same description does not need to be repeated.

Please refer to Fig. 11, in this embodiment, the duty flame flow channel 17 is set on the central axis of the nozzle, and the duty flame flow channel 17 passes through the support cylinder 4, the inscribed circle space, the middle cylinder 6 and the mesh plate 8 therein. Throughout the nozzle, the combustible mixture enters the duty flame fuel inlet 16 into the duty flame flow channel 17 . The diameter of the on-duty flame channel is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably the inscribed circle diameter C of the wave swirl structure, so that the on-duty flame channel can block the channel in the middle of the wave swirler 5, so that the air and fuel are mixed more uniformly, and the nozzle can be improved. combustion performance. The duty flame is preferably a diffusion combustion.

For the nozzle of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the purpose of brief description, any description of technical features that can be used in the same way in any of the above embodiments is incorporated here, and the same description does not need to be repeated.

Please refer to Fig. 12 and Fig. 13, in this embodiment, the outer wall cylinder 3 includes the outer wall inner cylinder 25 and the outer wall sleeve 18 sleeved outside the outer wall inner cylinder 25, the outer wall inner cylinder 25, the wave swirl structure and the middle cylinder The outlet end of 6 is flush with the axial direction, and the outer wall sleeve 18 can move in the axial direction. By adjusting the axial position of the outer wall sleeve 18, the conversion between the diffusion combustion mode and the premixed combustion mode can be realized. The outlet end of the outer wall sleeve 18 shown in Figure 12, the outer wall inner cylinder 25, the wave swirl structure, and the middle cylinder 6 are all on the same plane, and the nozzle is a diffusion combustion mode at this time; the outlet end of the outer wall sleeve shown in Figure 13 is in the The downstream position of the outlet end of the middle cylinder 6 is at this time the premixed combustion mode or the intermediate mode in which diffusion combustion transitions to premixed combustion. By setting the outer wall sleeve 18, the nozzle of the present invention can be switched between two combustion modes, has multiple functions, can make full use of the advantages of different modes, and avoid the disadvantages of different modes as much as possible, and can be applied to various working conditions and fuels. Improved combustion performance.

For the nozzle of the sixth embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve the purpose of brief description, any technical features described in any of the above embodiments that can be used in the same way are incorporated here, and the same description does not need to be repeated.

Please refer to Fig. 14. In this embodiment, a high-voltage electrode casing 23 is provided at the central axis of the nozzle, and the high-voltage electrode casing 23 penetrates through the support cylinder 4, the inscribed circle space, the middle cylinder 6 and the mesh plate 8 therein. The whole nozzle, the high voltage electrode 22 is located in the high voltage electrode jacket 23, the high voltage electrode jacket 23 is an insulating material, the high voltage electrode 22 is a conductive material; the plasma power supply 20 includes a plasma power supply high voltage terminal 21 and a plasma power supply ground terminal 19. The high-voltage electrode 22 is connected to the high-voltage end 21 of the plasma power supply; the outer wall cylinder 3 is a ground end connected to the ground end 19 of the plasma power supply; a discharge is formed between the high-voltage electrode discharge tip 24 and the nozzle outlet 12, which can be used for nozzle ignition, and Conducive to stable combustion. The diameter of the high-voltage electrode jacket is 1 mm to 1000 mm, preferably the diameter C of the inscribed circle of the wave swirler 5, so that the high-voltage electrode jacket 23 can block the passage in the middle of the wave swirl structure, so that the air and fuel are mixed more uniformly, further improving the combustion performance of the nozzle.

The seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a nozzle array, which includes a plurality of nozzles described in any one of the above embodiments.

Wherein, the nozzle array is a circular array, and the circular array includes P rings of nozzles, and each ring of nozzles includes Q nozzles, where 1≤P, Q≤100.

Wherein the nozzle array is a rectangular array, the rectangular array includes P rows of nozzles, each row of nozzles includes Q nozzles, where 1≤P, Q≤100.

The eighth embodiment of the present invention provides a burner, which includes the nozzle described in any one of the first to sixth embodiments above, or the multi-nozzle nozzle array described in the seventh embodiment.

So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the accompanying drawings or in the text of the specification, implementations that are not shown or described are forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definition of each element is not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or methods mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or replace them, for example:

(1) The wave swirl structure can also choose other structures;

(2) The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only referring to the directions of the drawings, and are not used to limit The protection scope of the present invention;

(3) The above embodiments can be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, that is, technical features in different embodiments can be freely combined to form more embodiments.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A nozzle with both internal and external mixing zones, characterized in that it comprises: a middle cylinder, an outer wall cylinder, a mesh plate and a wave cyclone; wherein, The wave cyclone is coaxially arranged in the outer wall cylinder; The middle cylinder is inserted into the wave cyclone from the outlet end of the wave cyclone along the axial direction of the wave cyclone, and the wave cyclone is divided into an inner ring swirl structure and an outer ring Swirl structure; The outer ring swirl structure, the middle cylinder and the outer wall cylinder form an outer flow channel, and the inner ring swirl structure and the middle cylinder form an inner flow channel; The mesh plate is arranged in the middle cylinder, and an inner mixing zone is formed between the mesh plate and the outlet end of the wave cyclone, and the inner mixing zone communicates with the inner flow channel; the outer wall cylinder . The outlet end of the wave cyclone and the middle cylinder form an outer mixing zone, the outer mixing zone communicates with the outer flow channel, and the part of the outer wall cylinder protruding from the middle cylinder forms an outlet mixing zone; The fuel and air flowing into the inner channel enter the inner mixing zone to be mixed into the first swirling combustible mixture, and the fuel and air flowing into the outer channel enter the outer mixing zone to be mixed into the second swirling combustible mixture, and the first swirling combustible mixture The mixture becomes a non-rotating combustible mixture after passing through the mesh plate, and the non-rotating combustible mixture is mixed with the second swirling combustible mixture in the outlet mixing zone. 2. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, the wave swirler is formed by a plurality of crests and a plurality of troughs undulating in the radial direction arranged alternately along the circumferential direction, and the troughs arranged in the circumferential direction are surrounded by For an inscribed circle, the crests arranged along the circumferential direction form a circumscribed circle, and the diameter of the intermediate cylinder is between the diameter of the inscribed circle and the diameter of the circumscribed circle. 3. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein part or all of the inner ring swirl structure is trimmed off in the axial direction, and a cavity is formed on the upstream side of the wave swirler, and the cavity The inner mixing zone is formed between the bottom of the tank and the mesh plate. 4. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the wave swirler is trimmed with grooves. 5. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central axis of the nozzle is provided with a duty flame flow passage, and the combustible mixture enters the duty flame flow passage from the duty flame fuel inlet. 6. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer wall cylinder includes an outer wall inner cylinder and an outer wall sleeve sleeved outside the outer wall inner cylinder, the outer wall sleeve can move in the axial direction, by adjusting the The axial position of the outer wall sleeve realizes the conversion between the diffusion combustion mode and the premix combustion mode. 7. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a high-voltage electrode casing is arranged on the central axis of the nozzle, the high-voltage electrode is located in the high-voltage electrode casing, and a discharge is formed between the discharge tip of the high-voltage electrode and the nozzle outlet. 8. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the opening area of the mesh plate to the area of the mesh plate is 40%-80%. 9. A nozzle array, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of nozzles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The nozzle array is a circular array, the circular array includes P rings of nozzles, and each ring of nozzles includes Q nozzles, where 1≤P, Q≤100; or, The nozzle array is a rectangular array, the rectangular array includes P rows of nozzles, each row of nozzles includes Q nozzles, where 1≤P, Q≤100. 10. A burner, characterized in that it comprises the nozzle according to any one of claims 1-8, or the nozzle array according to claim 9.