CN106642565B - Indirect implementation method for detecting and judging concentration of pollutants in indoor air of building - Google Patents
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003905 indoor air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
- F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
- F24F2110/70—Carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention provides an indirect realization method for detecting and judging the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building, which utilizes the quantity relationship among the total amount of the pollutants which can be emitted, the emission amount and the ventilation intensity, fixes the total amount of the pollutants after the indoor decoration of the building is finished as a basic assumption condition, utilizes the disposable pollutant detection data and the attenuation law thereof after the building is finished and comprises the decoration engineering completion as the calculation basis, and recognizes that the total amount of the pollutants is fixed after the building is finished (including the decoration and the furniture arrangement completion) through the continuous detection of the indoor temperature, the humidity and the carbon dioxide parameters, the release intensity is changed in a certain rule, the accumulation degree of the pollutants in the room and the circulation degree of the indoor and outdoor air are in a certain relationship and other characteristics and quantitative relationships, and realizes the detection of the pollutants (formaldehyde, and the like, VOC) concentration change.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indirect realization method for detecting and judging the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building
Background
The prior art adopts two methods for detecting the concentration of pollutants in indoor air: one is sampling, assay analysis, and the other is gas composition sensor.
The former method is to analyze the air sample collected at a certain time point, and the result of the method of sampling, conveying, testing and analyzing is accurate and authoritative, but only the time point of sampling can be detected, and the cost is high, so that professional testing equipment and professional operators are required, the detection result cannot be fed back immediately, and continuous monitoring cannot be realized;
the latter method has a limited sensor life, requires frequent calibration and maintenance, and is disadvantageous in terms of management and cost for maintenance and replacement of the sensor.
Therefore, the two methods are difficult to meet the detection and judgment requirements of the air quality guarantee in the building interior.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indirect implementation method for detecting and judging the concentration of pollutants in indoor air of a building, which can indirectly calculate the concentration of indoor pollutants (such as formaldehyde and VOC).
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an indirect implementation method for detecting and determining the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building, comprising:
acquiring indoor temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration;
calculating the indoor dynamic air age tau according to the indoor carbon dioxide concentration;
calculating the indoor pollutant release strength sigma according to the indoor temperature, humidity, indoor pollutant concentration at a certain moment and dynamic air age at the moment;
and calculating the indoor pollutant accumulation concentration eta according to the indoor pollutant release intensity sigma and the dynamic air age tau.
Further, in the above method, the dynamic air age τ is calculated according to the following formula:
τ＝1.443·t2 (1)，
wherein, t2The time taken for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop to half the equilibrium value in the following test procedure.
The detection process is a process of recording the natural decrease of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration under a ventilation state similar to the calculated pollutant concentration in the indoor air and when no person stays.
Further, in the above method, the contaminant release intensity σ is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein T is temperature, in degrees Celsius,
relative humidity in units%, e is the base of the natural logarithm, σ23The pollutant release strength is that when the temperature is 23 ℃ and the relative humidity is 55% in indoor use.
Further, in the above method, the σ is23Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein V is the indoor space volume of the room, t0.5For the half-life of the release intensity of the contaminant, t1For calculating the time, sigma, of detection after completion of the distance engineering023The initial release strength of the contaminants was adjusted to a temperature of 23 ℃ and a relative humidity of 55%.
Further, in the above method, σ023Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein σ0Is the initial release intensity of the contaminant.
Further, in the above method, σ0Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein eta is0The concentration of the pollutants detected after the engineering is finished;
tau is the dynamic air age under the detection conditions after the project is completed.
Further, in the above method, the contaminant accumulation concentration η is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: etaFirst stageCalculating the initial pollutant concentration;
t is the time elapsed from the initial stage of calculation to the time of calculation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the quantity relationship among the parameters of pollutant release strength, dynamic air age and the like, the total quantity of pollutants after room interior decoration is fixed as a basic assumed condition, the detection data of the disposable pollutants and the attenuation law thereof after the building is finished and including the decoration project are taken as the calculation basis, a series of characteristics and quantitative relationships such as the total quantity of pollutants after the building is finished (including decoration and furniture arrangement are finished) is determined to be fixed by continuously detecting the indoor temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide parameters, the release strength is changed in a certain rule, the accumulation degree of the pollutants in the room is in a certain relationship with the circulation degree of the air outside the room, and the like, realizes the indirect calculation of the concentration change of the pollutants (such as formaldehyde and VOC) in the indoor air while monitoring the change of other parameters in the room, and is used for realizing the continuous judgment of the concentration of the pollutants in an indoor air quality guarantee system, the invention provides a basis for adjusting and improving the automatic control of the air quality, and the invention adopts an indirect method to estimate the concentration of the pollutants in the indoor air, thereby avoiding sampling analysis and eliminating the arrangement of a gas component sensor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an indirect implementation method for detecting and determining the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the inference of the concentration of pollutants in indoor air using an indirect method is based on the following principle:
1) for bedrooms and living rooms in home, or rooms for office, teaching and other purposes in public buildings, the main pollutant types causing indoor air pollution due to indoor reasons are formaldehyde and VOC;
2) once the building is completed, including the finishing works and furniture layout, the total amount of formaldehyde and VOC pollutants is essentially fixed (except for small amounts, short term carried over by other items), and this total amount Σ is the initial total amount of pollutants, which is equal to the cumulative total of all emissions added later, plus the residual amount of pollutants. Because the residual quantity of the pollutants is gradually attenuated, the change of the release intensity sigma of the pollutants also shows the trend of gradual attenuation and is recyclable according to a certain rule;
3) a certain correlation exists among the pollutant release intensity sigma, the pollutant accumulation concentration eta and the room dynamic air age tau;
4) according to the reasons, after the concentration of formaldehyde and VOC is determined at a certain time point after the room decoration is finished, the subsequent concentration change can be deduced according to the temperature and humidity in the room and the dynamic air age of the air in the room;
5) the indoor temperature and humidity are detected by arranging sensors, and the monitoring of the indoor dynamic air age can be obtained by detecting and recording the result of the change of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration;
6) therefore, the concentration of the formaldehyde and VOC pollutants can be calculated by an indirect method in bedrooms, living rooms, offices and classroom rooms. The calculation can be implemented by the field control device of the automatic control system with built-in software.
The invention provides an indirect realization method for detecting and judging the concentration of pollutants in indoor air of a building, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, obtaining the initial release strength sigma of indoor pollutants after the project is finished0；
Step S2, calculating the indoor dynamic air age tau according to the indoor carbon dioxide concentration;
step S3, according to the initial release intensity sigma of the pollutant0Calculating the pollutant release intensity sigma in the room according to the temperature and the humidity in the room;
and step S4, calculating the pollutant accumulation concentration eta in the room according to the pollutant release intensity sigma and the dynamic air age tau in the room.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic air age τ is calculated according to the following formula:
τ＝1.443·t2 (1)，
wherein, t2Time consumed for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration at the beginning to drop to half the equilibrium value: if h isBeginning of the design＝800ppm，hBalancingAt 400ppm, the time required for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop from 800ppm to 600ppm is t 2. In particular, hFirst stageTo detect the carbon dioxide concentration at the beginning;
hbalancingThe carbon dioxide concentration equilibrium value is: after the detection lasts for a period of time, the concentration of the carbon dioxide tends to be balanced, the fluctuation range is less than 5 percent, the carbon dioxide concentration is considered to be balanced, and the average value at the moment is taken as the balance value h of the carbon dioxideBalancingThe dynamic air age τ was considered constant in the same room under the same ventilation conditions.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pollutant release intensity σ is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein T is temperature, in degrees celsius, e.g., 28 ℃, T ═ 28;
relative humidity, in units%, such as 55%,
e is the base of the natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828182845904523; sigma23The pollutant release strength is that when the temperature is 23 ℃ and the relative humidity is 55% in indoor use.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the σ23Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein V is the indoor space volume of the room, t0.5For the half-life of the release intensity of the pollutant, it was experimentally obtained for different pollutants (formaldehyde, VOC or other pollutants), different pollutant carriers, t0.5Is different, t is the detection after the distance engineering is completed (obtaining sigma) during calculation023Time) in units corresponding to the half-life t of the contaminant release intensity0.5Coincidence, σ023The initial release intensity of the contaminants was adjusted to 23 ℃ and 55% relative humidity.
In an embodiment of the present invention, σ023Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein σ0The initial release strength of the contaminants, σ0To calculate the initial release of the contaminant from the measurements taken after the project has been completed (in the closed condition of the room, and more precisely, after the furniture has been in place)And (5) releasing the strength.
In an embodiment of the present invention, σ0Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein tau is the air age in detection and is obtained by calculation according to the formula (1);
η0the concentration of contaminants (formaldehyde, VOC or other) detected after the project is completed;
tau is the dynamic air age under the detection conditions after the project is completed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pollutant accumulation concentration η is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein: etaFirst stageTo calculate the initial pollutant concentration, namely the result of the previous calculation process;
t is the time from the initial stage of calculation to the time of calculation;
tau is the dynamic air age, and the parameter tau in the formula needs to be readjusted under the condition that the ventilation state is changed as calculated by the formula (1);
σ is the contaminant release intensity, calculated as equation (2) above;
e is the base number of the natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828182845904523;
in summary, the invention utilizes the quantitative relationship among the parameters of pollutant release strength, dynamic air age and the like, the total quantity of pollutants after room interior decoration is fixed as a basic assumed condition, the detection data of disposable pollutants and the attenuation rule thereof after finishing decoration engineering are taken as calculation basis, a series of characteristics and quantitative relationships of fixed total quantity of pollutants after construction (including decoration and furniture arrangement) is finished, the release strength is changed in a certain rule, the accumulation degree of pollutants in the room and the circulation degree of air outside the room are in a certain relationship and the like are utilized through continuous detection of the parameters of indoor temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide, the indirect calculation of the concentration change of pollutants (formaldehyde and VOC) in the indoor air is realized while monitoring the change of other parameters in the room, so as to realize the continuous judgment of the concentration of the pollutants in an indoor air quality guarantee system, the invention provides a basis for adjusting and improving the automatic control of the air quality, and the invention adopts an indirect method to estimate the concentration of the pollutants in the indoor air, thereby avoiding sampling analysis and eliminating the arrangement of a gas component sensor.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative components and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components and steps of the various examples have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. An indirect implementation method for detecting and judging the concentration of pollutants in indoor air of a building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring indoor temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration;
calculating the indoor dynamic air age tau according to the indoor carbon dioxide concentration;
calculating indoor pollutant release strength sigma according to the indoor temperature and humidity;
calculating the indoor pollutant accumulation concentration eta according to the indoor pollutant release intensity sigma and the dynamic air age tau;
the dynamic air age τ is calculated according to the following formula:
τ＝1.443·t2 (1)，
wherein, t2The time taken for the carbon dioxide concentration to drop to half of the equilibrium value in the following detection process;
the detection process is a process of recording the natural decrease of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration under a ventilation state similar to the calculated pollutant concentration in the indoor air and when no person stays.
2. The indirect implementation of detecting and determining the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building according to claim 1, wherein the pollutant release intensity σ is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein T is temperature, in degrees Celsius,
relative humidity, 100% is 1, e is the base of the natural logarithm, σ23The pollutant release strength is that when the temperature is 23 ℃ and the relative humidity is 55% in indoor use.
3. The indirect implementation of detecting and determining the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building according to claim 2, wherein σ is23Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein V is the indoor space volume of the room, t0.5For the half-life of the release intensity of the contaminant, t1For calculating the time, sigma, of detection after completion of the distance engineering023The initial release intensity of the contaminants was adjusted to 23 ℃ and 55% relative humidity.
4. The indirect implementation of detecting and determining the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building as in claim 3, wherein the formula
This is obtained according to the following more general formula:
wherein, tauσIs the decay time constant of the contaminant release intensity.
5. The indirect method of determining the concentration of a contaminant in the air of a building according to claim 4, wherein σ is023Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein σ0Is the initial release intensity of the contaminant.
6. The indirect method of determining the concentration of a contaminant in the air of a building according to claim 5, wherein σ is0Calculated according to the following formula:
wherein eta is0The concentration of the pollutants detected after the engineering is finished;
tau is the dynamic air age under the detection conditions after the project is completed.
7. The indirect implementation of detecting and determining the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of a building according to claim 6, wherein the pollutant accumulation concentration η is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein eta isFirst stageCalculating the initial pollutant concentration;
t is the time elapsed from the initial stage to the time of calculation.
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| CN108816799B (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2021-02-19 | 江苏金坛长荡湖新能源科技有限公司 | Automobile interior trim part quality monitoring method and monitoring system |
| CN109540821A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-29 | 深圳广田集团股份有限公司 | A method of prediction ornament materials Form aldehyde release concentration under condition of different temperatures |
| CN111859595B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2024-04-26 | 左益玮 | Indoor decoration formaldehyde concentration and attenuation prediction method based on multicomponent multiparameter dynamic model |
| CN112557586A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-03-26 | 上海迪勤智能科技有限公司 | Method for testing pollutant emission rate of interior wall coating |
| CN110579570B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-10-15 | 安徽江航爱唯科环境科技有限公司 | Indoor formaldehyde pollution level dynamic monitoring method, device and system |
| CN111412595B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-05-07 | 苏州喜全软件科技有限公司 | A humidity control system and method for improving user experience |
| US11378299B2 (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-07-05 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Metadata driven method and system for airborne viral infection risk and air quality analysis from networked air quality sensors |
| CN113405249B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-11-18 | 海尔(深圳)研发有限责任公司 | Control method and device for air conditioner, air conditioner and storage medium |
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