CN106635326A - 一种通用型润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- WJUMWVJBOZKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(6-methylheptyl)-N-phenylaniline Chemical compound C(CCCCC(C)C)C=1C(=C(C=CC1)NC1=CC=CC=C1)CCCCCC(C)C WJUMWVJBOZKPPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- AGLSQWBSHDEAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;boric acid Chemical compound N.OB(O)O AGLSQWBSHDEAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100407037 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica PAO6 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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- IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFEAYIKULRXTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZFEAYIKULRXTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种通用型润滑油，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油50‑62份、矿物油1‑30份、烯烃类合成油3‑60份、植物油12‑33份、抗氧剂0.5‑4份、粘度改进剂3‑8份、降凝剂2‑4份、极压剂0.5‑5份、抗泡剂2‑6份和抗锈剂3‑7份。本发明还公布了该润滑油的制备方法。本发明制备方法简单，原料来源广泛并且原料价格低廉，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明制备的产品具有较强的生物降解性、粘度指数高、挥发性低、倾点低、闪点高、良好的防锈性、抗泡沫性好、抗高温剪切性强、氧化安定性好等优异性能，可同时满足汽油机油及柴油机油的各项理化指标，使用效果好，为企业起到了节能降耗的示范作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种润滑油，具体是一种通用型润滑油。
背景技术
工业是指采集原料，并把它们加工成产品的工作和过程, 工业是第二产业的重要组成部分，分为轻工业和重工业两大类, 工业是社会分工发展的产物，经过手工业、机器大工业he 现代工业几个发展阶段.随着现代工业的快速发展，各种汽车及重型载重卡车越来越成为人们生活与工业不可或缺的代步及运载工具，是保证其正常运转的必备产品。且自进入二十一世纪以来，世界范围内的保护人类生态环境工程的实施和人们环境意识的加强，并由于现代机械设备的体积缩小，负荷增加，精密度提高，使用寿命延长，要求润滑油用量少，同时能耐高、低温，耐重负荷，寿命长。因此，开发安全、高端、无毒、无污染，可生物降解的绿色润滑油已成为新世纪的一个热点，是科技发展所需，形势发展所迫。我国的通用型润滑油相对较少，主要针对单种机油的润滑油相对较多，且专利中所述汽油机油或柴油机油主要以矿物油为基础油，所得的润滑油粘度指数低，使用时受环境温度的限制大，凝固点及倾点高，在北方寒冷的地区冬季使用时润滑油经常冻结，影响使用效果，这些都为人们的使用带来了不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种通用型润滑油，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种通用型润滑油，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油50-62份、矿物油1-30份、烯烃类合成油3-60份、植物油12-33份、抗氧剂0.5-4份、粘度改进剂3-8份、降凝剂2-4份、极压剂0.5-5份、抗泡剂2-6份和抗锈剂3-7份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：基础油由 PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚构成，PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚的质量之比为4.3:3.4:2.3，抗氧剂采用二异辛基二苯胺及其衍生物，极压剂采用三苯硫代磷酸酯，抗锈剂采用氮硼酸酯。
作为本发明进一步的方案：烃类合成油采用 PAO4、PAO6、PAO8、PAO10和PAO40中的一种或两种以上的组合，粘度改进剂采用聚乙烯基正丁基醚、乙丙共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯和聚丙烯酸异辛酯中的一种或两种以上的组合，植物油采用纯菜子油、环氧大豆油、橄榄油或脱脂猪油。
所述通用型润滑油的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将基础油、矿物油、烯烃类合成油和植物油放在反应釜中，在80-90摄氏度的温度下搅拌 1-2小时，得到复配混合油；
步骤二，将复配混合有冷却至60摄氏度，首先向复配混合油中加入粘度改进剂，搅拌15-30分钟，再向反应釜中依次加入抗氧剂、降凝剂、极压剂和抗锈剂，采用左右移动的方式进行搅拌30-150分钟直至各种组分混合均匀；
步骤三，将反应釜降至室温，然后向反应釜中加入抗泡剂，继续搅拌约1-3小时直至混合均匀，再装入检验罐，经过滤滤去杂质后，再将油品沉降和冷却，最后直接泵入储罐或分装即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明制备方法简单，原料来源广泛并且原料价格低廉，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明制备的产品具有较强的生物降解性、粘度指数高、挥发性低、倾点低、闪点高、良好的防锈性、抗泡沫性好、抗高温剪切性强、氧化安定性好等优异性能，可同时满足汽油机油及柴油机油的各项理化指标，使用效果好，为企业起到了节能降耗的示范作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种通用型润滑油，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油50份、矿物油1份、烯烃类合成油3份、植物油12份、抗氧剂0.5份、粘度改进剂3份、降凝剂2份、极压剂0.5份、抗泡剂2份和抗锈剂3份，基础油由 PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚构成，PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚的质量之比为4.3:3.4:2.3，抗氧剂采用二异辛基二苯胺，极压剂采用三苯硫代磷酸酯，抗锈剂采用氮硼酸酯。
所述通用型润滑油的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将基础油、矿物油、烯烃类合成油和植物油放在反应釜中，在80摄氏度的温度下搅拌 1小时，得到复配混合油；
步骤二，将复配混合有冷却至60摄氏度，首先向复配混合油中加入粘度改进剂，搅拌15分钟，再向反应釜中依次加入二异辛基二苯胺、降凝剂、三苯硫代磷酸酯和氮硼酸酯，采用左右移动的方式进行搅拌30分钟直至各种组分混合均匀；
步骤三，将反应釜降至室温，然后向反应釜中加入抗泡剂，继续搅拌1小时直至混合均匀，再装入检验罐，经过滤滤去杂质后，再将油品沉降和冷却，最后直接泵入储罐或分装即可。
实施例2
一种通用型润滑油，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油54份、矿物油12份、烯烃类合成油18份、植物油21份、抗氧剂2份、粘度改进剂5份、降凝剂3份、极压剂3份、抗泡剂3份和抗锈剂5份。烃类合成油采用 PAO4和PAO40的组合，粘度改进剂采用聚乙烯基正丁基醚和聚丙烯酸异辛酯的组合，植物油采用纯菜子油。
所述通用型润滑油的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将基础油、矿物油、烯烃类合成油和植物油放在反应釜中，在83摄氏度的温度下搅拌 1.5小时，得到复配混合油；
步骤二，将复配混合有冷却至60摄氏度，首先向复配混合油中加入粘度改进剂，搅拌22分钟，再向反应釜中依次加入抗氧剂、降凝剂、极压剂和抗锈剂，采用左右移动的方式进行搅拌65分钟直至各种组分混合均匀；
步骤三，将反应釜降至室温，然后向反应釜中加入抗泡剂，继续搅拌1.5小时直至混合均匀，再装入检验罐，经过滤滤去杂质后，再将油品沉降和冷却，最后直接泵入储罐或分装即可。
实施例3
一种通用型润滑油，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油58份、矿物油24份、烯烃类合成油53份、植物油29份、抗氧剂3.5份、粘度改进剂6份、降凝剂4份、极压剂4.5份、抗泡剂5份和抗锈剂6份。基础油由 PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚构成，PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚的质量之比为4.3:3.4:2.3，抗氧剂采用二异辛基二苯胺的衍生物，极压剂采用三苯硫代磷酸酯，抗锈剂采用氮硼酸酯。烃类合成油采用PAO10和PAO40的组合，粘度改进剂采用聚甲基丙烯酸酯和聚丙烯酸异辛酯的组合，植物油采用脱脂猪油。
所述通用型润滑油的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将基础油、矿物油、烯烃类合成油和植物油放在反应釜中，在88摄氏度的温度下搅拌2小时，得到复配混合油；
步骤二，将复配混合有冷却至60摄氏度，首先向复配混合油中加入粘度改进剂，搅拌25分钟，再向反应釜中依次加入抗氧剂、降凝剂、极压剂和抗锈剂，采用左右移动的方式进行搅拌115分钟直至各种组分混合均匀；
步骤三，将反应釜降至室温，然后向反应釜中加入抗泡剂，继续搅拌3小时直至混合均匀，再装入检验罐，经过滤滤去杂质后，再将油品沉降和冷却，最后直接泵入储罐或分装即可。
实施例4
一种通用型润滑油，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油62份、矿物油30份、烯烃类合成油60份、植物油33份、抗氧剂4份、粘度改进剂8份、降凝剂4份、极压剂5份、抗泡剂6份和抗锈剂7份。基础油由 PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚构成，PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚的质量之比为4.3:3.4:2.3，抗氧剂采用二异辛基二苯胺，极压剂采用三苯硫代磷酸酯，抗锈剂采用氮硼酸酯。烃类合成油采用PAO6，粘度改进剂采用乙丙共聚物，植物油采用环氧大豆油。
所述通用型润滑油的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将基础油、矿物油、烯烃类合成油和植物油放在反应釜中，在90摄氏度的温度下搅拌2小时，得到复配混合油；
步骤二，将复配混合有冷却至60摄氏度，首先向复配混合油中加入粘度改进剂，搅拌30分钟，再向反应釜中依次加入抗氧剂、降凝剂、极压剂和抗锈剂，采用左右移动的方式进行搅拌150分钟直至各种组分混合均匀；
步骤三，将反应釜降至室温，然后向反应釜中加入抗泡剂，继续搅拌3小时直至混合均匀，再装入检验罐，经过滤滤去杂质后，再将油品沉降和冷却，最后直接泵入储罐或分装即可。
烯烃类合成油水解安定性相对较好，低温性能较佳。矿物油相对合成油价格低廉，润滑作用好；选用抗氧抗腐剂具有较好的抗氧抗腐性能；选用粘度改进剂具有良好的增粘和低温性能 ；选用降凝剂有较好的降凝效果；选用消泡剂具有消泡性，可根据起泡性适时调整。
该制备方法制备的润滑油具有粘度指数高，倾点低，低温运动粘度小，热稳定性优良等性能特点，并且该润滑油的生物降解率大于 85％，氧化安定性是常规矿物润滑油的10倍以上，有效解决了单独使用矿物油或单一合成油时，润滑油性能上的缺陷，为企业起到了节能降耗的示范作用。
本发明制备方法简单，原料来源广泛并且原料价格低廉，适用于大规模的工业化生产；本发明制备的产品具有较强的生物降解性、粘度指数高、挥发性低、倾点低、闪点高、良好的防锈性、抗泡沫性好、抗高温剪切性强、氧化安定性好等优异性能，可同时满足汽油机油及柴油机油的各项理化指标，使用效果好，为企业起到了节能降耗的示范作用。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (4)
1.一种通用型润滑油，其特征在于，由以下原料按照重量份组成：基础油50-62份、矿物油1-30份、烯烃类合成油3-60份、植物油12-33份、抗氧剂0.5-4份、粘度改进剂3-8份、降凝剂2-4份、极压剂0.5-5份、抗泡剂2-6份和抗锈剂3-7份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通用型润滑油，其特征在于，所述基础油由 PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚构成，PAO2、癸二酸酯和全氟烃基聚醚的质量之比为4.3:3.4:2.3，抗氧剂采用二异辛基二苯胺及其衍生物，极压剂采用三苯硫代磷酸酯，抗锈剂采用氮硼酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的通用型润滑油，其特征在于，所述烃类合成油采用 PAO4、PAO6、PAO8、PAO10和PAO40中的一种或两种以上的组合，粘度改进剂采用聚乙烯基正丁基醚、乙丙共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯和聚丙烯酸异辛酯中的一种或两种以上的组合，植物油采用纯菜子油、环氧大豆油、橄榄油或脱脂猪油。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的通用型润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤一，将基础油、矿物油、烯烃类合成油和植物油放在反应釜中，在80-90摄氏度的温度下搅拌 1-2小时，得到复配混合油；
步骤二，将复配混合有冷却至60摄氏度，首先向复配混合油中加入粘度改进剂，搅拌15-30分钟，再向反应釜中依次加入抗氧剂、降凝剂、极压剂和抗锈剂，采用左右移动的方式进行搅拌30-150分钟直至各种组分混合均匀；
步骤三，将反应釜降至室温，然后向反应釜中加入抗泡剂，继续搅拌约1-3小时直至混合均匀，再装入检验罐，经过滤滤去杂质后，再将油品沉降和冷却，最后直接泵入储罐或分装即可。
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Application publication date: 20170510 |
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