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CN106575813A - Method of tuning an NFC antenna - Google Patents

Method of tuning an NFC antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106575813A
CN106575813A CN201580032998.6A CN201580032998A CN106575813A CN 106575813 A CN106575813 A CN 106575813A CN 201580032998 A CN201580032998 A CN 201580032998A CN 106575813 A CN106575813 A CN 106575813A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
antenna
station
ferrite substrate
chiral materials
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201580032998.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
亚瑟·库尔茨
伯纳德·迪奇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AK Stamping Co Inc
Original Assignee
AK Stamping Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/306,857 external-priority patent/US9923273B2/en
Application filed by AK Stamping Co Inc filed Critical AK Stamping Co Inc
Publication of CN106575813A publication Critical patent/CN106575813A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H01Q7/06Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method for manufacturing and turning a near field communication antenna is provided. A method for manufacturing and tuning a near field communication antenna comprising loading one or more ferrite substrates onto a workstation, loading an antenna biscuit onto the workstation, the antenna biscuit comprising one or more interconnected antennas, stamping the antenna biscuit to form one or more individual antennas, applying the one or more individual antennas to the one or more ferrite substrates to form one or more antenna assemblies, and adjusting placement of the one or more individual antennas relative to the ferrite substrates to adjust functional properties of the one or more antenna assemblies.

Description

The method of tuning NFC antenna
Technical field
Present disclosure is related to manufacture and tune near-field communication aerial.More specifically, present disclosure is related to by adjusting The metal antenna of punching press tunes near-field communication aerial relative to the position of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.
Background technology
Near-field communication (NFC) antenna and antenna module are typically used in electronic equipment of various, and more specifically by Using in smart phone.In such devices, antenna is attached to Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.Antenna can pass through chemical etching work Skill is formed in Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate has the ferrite across different batches inconsistent and affects antenna sets The porous of some functional attributes (such as inductance) of part.
Not yet provide expecting for tuning or optimizing antenna module to obtain its desired functional attributes Effective and efficient method.
The content of the invention
Present disclosure is related to the method for tuning NFC (near-field communication) antenna.More specifically, present disclosure is related to NFC antenna component is tuned and/or optimizes by the metal antenna of regulation/modification punching press relative to the placement of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate Method.Placement can be performed by robot system and method can utilize adaptive and/or artificial reponse system.
Description of the drawings
The feature of present disclosure by from combine accompanying drawing carry out below specific embodiment in become apparent, In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram for manufacturing and tuning a series of station workflows of NFC antenna;
The flow chart of the step of Fig. 2 is showed for manufacturing and tuning NFC antenna;
Fig. 3 show for by antenna applications to flow chart the step of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate;
Fig. 4 is the view of the pallet used in optimization NFC antenna;
Fig. 5 is the ferritic view of the pallet for being applied to Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the view of the base of the pallet for being applied to Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the view that ferrite and base are applied to its pallet;
Fig. 8 is the view of stamping station;
Fig. 9 is the view that waste material removes station;
Figure 10 is the view of the pallet with odd number antenna;
Figure 11 is the view of the labelling machine used at antenna applications and tuning station;
Figure 12 a are the views for keeping the glue card on disk at antenna applications and tuning station;
Figure 12 b are the close-up illustrations of Figure 12 a;
Figure 13 is the view of the holding disk at antenna applications and tuning station and pallet;
Figure 14 is the view at pressing station;And
Figure 15 is the view of testing station.
Specific embodiment
Present disclosure is related to the side for tuning NFC (near-field communication) antenna as discussed in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Method.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram for manufacturing and tuning a series of stations 20 (for example, assembly line) of NFC antenna.Should Line starts at ferrite station 22, and wherein one or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate are loaded into (for example, moveable or fixation) On work station (such as pallet).At antenna station 24, the antenna blanks with one or more antennas (for example, metal antenna) are added It is downloaded on pallet.Multiple antennas with each other and/or framework is interconnected so as to form base.At stamping station 26, individual body antenna and that This and separate with their (for example, odd number) supporter.Remove at station 28 in waste material, from stamping station 26 base it is remaining Waste material from pallet be removed.
At coil and contact station 30, it is added for the coil and contact of wireless charger and coil is hermetically laser welded To contact.At antenna applications and tuning station 34, one or more are individual (for example, odd number) antenna each be respectively employed To one or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.At pressing station 36, antenna is pressed to guarantee and enter relative to ferritic position One step solidification in antennas each with Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate in each between solid contact.It is individual at inspection station 38 Body and/or (for example, with artificial intelligence) computer system (for example, for any obvious defect) are visually checked and answered Use ferritic antenna.At testing station 40, for qualified and quality control (for example, manually or automatically) test individuality Antenna meets desired specification to guarantee them.It is found to be defective or imperfect any antenna to be separated and be stored For further analysis.
The many in station above is interchangeable so that they can in various orders perform (for example, ferrite station energy Enough after antenna station, etc.).In addition, some stations can be combined into a station, and (for example, ferrite station and antenna station can Be combined into loading station), or single station can be separated into multiple stations (for example, coil and contact station can be separated into line Enclose and contact loading station and laser welding station).Extraly, some in station above can be omitted entirely (for example, coil With contact station, etc.).
Flow process Figure 50 of the step of Fig. 2 is showed for manufacturing and tuning NFC antenna.In step 52, by pallet and/ Or pulpboard is loaded on track.Track allows pallet and pulpboard with (for example, manually or automatically) mobile between each station.With Upper reference Fig. 1 descriptions station.Although specifically disclosing track, any appropriate movement between each station can be utilized. In step 54, for example, one or more ferrites are served as a contrast by using the guide finger (for example, manually or automatically) on pallet Bottom is loaded on pallet.At step 56, vacuum plant is applied to into pallet to promote removing for ferritic liner.Very Empty device is maintained at each Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate in the appropriate position relative to pallet while liner is removed.Once it is interior Lining is removed, and vacuum plant is just discharged in step 57.
In step 58, the antenna blanks with one or more antennas are loaded on pallet.In a step 60, by antenna A body antenna is separated into from base.(for example, from base framework) base waste material (for example, by vacuum plant) is removed from pallet. In step 64, can be by each in being added to pallet, antenna for the coil of wireless charger and contact and/or ferrite Each in substrate.In the step 66, coil is welded to into the contact for wireless charger.
In the step of being discussed more fully below 68, by antenna applications are to ferrite and adjust antenna relative to iron oxygen The position of body.In step 70, re-press antenna with guarantee that antenna module is configured and be further solidificated in antenna with Contact between Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.In step 72., in order to antenna is tested in quality control.In step 74, will be by quality control The antenna of system test is separated with the antenna for breaking down.
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart for for example NFC antenna to be applied to ferritic step by using labelling machine. In step 80, labelling machine (or operator) is dispensed into one or more glue cards on holding disk, is preferably so that glue side court Under.In step 82, the mechanical arm of labelling machine is preferably from top (for example, by suction) the pickup glue card of card.In step 84 In, after the mechanical arm for keeping all glue cards glue card is reduced/is placed on antenna so that each antenna adheres to the glue of glue card Side.By this way, when mechanical arm is again lifted up on glue card, antenna is also lifted.In step 86, after mechanical arm Antenna and glue card are reduced/be placed on ferrite.In step 88, before mechanical arm is lifted up, system and/or use Family adjusts antenna relative to ferritic position.Adjust the functional attributes that antenna provides antenna module relative to ferritic position Regulation in (such as related to frequency and inductance functional attributes).
Fig. 4 to Figure 15 is the view for being manufactured and being tuned NFC antenna using station described above.Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 is showed The view of the pallet set up using Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate and antenna blanks.More specifically, Fig. 4 is the view of pallet 100 and lodicule 106. As shown, pallet 100 includes Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate area 102 and the lodicule for receiving the lodicule 106 of one or more antennas Area 104.Fig. 5 is the liner of the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 that pallet 100 is applied at (discussed above) ferrite loading station 22 107 view.Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate area 102 can include the guide pins for promoting to be loaded on ferrite 108 on pallet.Once It is loaded, vacuum plant can just be applied to pallet so that Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 is fastened for iron relative to pallet 100 Oxysome liner is removed.Except (or replacement) vacuum plant, magnet can be provided in pallet 100 to fasten Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 relative position.Once being fastened, liner 107 is removed from Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 and not change Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 relative In the position of pallet 100.Fig. 6 is the antenna blanks 110 of the lodicule 106 being applied at antenna loading station 24 on pallet 100 View.Base 110 have (for example, by framework) with the multiple antennas 112 being interconnected with one another.Fig. 7 is that have in antenna loading Stand and the pallet 100 of the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 and (there are multiple antennas 112) antenna blanks 110 of pallet 100 is applied at 24 View.
Fig. 8 to Figure 10 is to carry out punching press to the antenna to antenna blanks and separate related view.More specifically, Fig. 8 is punching The view at pressure station 26.As shown, 26 are stood including punching press pressing 114 and the robot system 116 with mechanical arm 118.Machine Device people system 116 can be controlled and programmed by control system 120.Mechanical arm 118 picks up pallet 100 and is moved into punching press Pressing 114, wherein antenna blanks 110 be stamped and antenna 112 with separate each other and with base.
Fig. 9 is the view that waste material removes station 28.Remove at station 28 in waste material, the antenna and Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate of odd number is by pallet Interior magnet is fastened in the appropriate location on pallet.Removing the mechanical arm 122 at station 28 in waste material includes having in machinery The vacuum plant for picking up and arranging the port of the framework of antenna blanks on below arm 122.Remaining waste material can by with Family and/or robot system are blown down from end effector.Figure 10 is the antenna with odd number after waste material is removed The view of 112 pallet 100.
Figure 11 to Figure 13 is the view at antenna applications and tuning station 34.More specifically, Figure 11 is in antenna applications and tuning Stand the view of the labelling machine 124 used at 34.Labelling machine 124 matches somebody with somebody as described above hair jelly card.Can use to allot Any appropriate machine of glue card or labelling machine.
Figure 12 a are in the view for keeping the glue card 130 on disk 126 at antenna applications and tuning station 34.Figure 12 b are figures The close-up illustration of 12a.As shown, glue card 130 (for example, by the way that glue card 130 is blown on holding disk 126) is by labelling machine glue It is distributed under lateral on the reception recess (pocket) 128 kept on disk 126.Receive recess 128 and glue card is maintained at into holding On disk 126.Receive recess preferably there is mouth 129 so that the only glue on the external boundary of glue card 130 and Protection glue card 130 Any part for keeping disk 126 contacts.
Figure 13 is the view of the holding disk 126 at labeling station 34 and pallet 100.As shown, labeling station 34 can The multiple glue cards of single treatment and antenna.The mechanical arm 132 of robot system includes the suction ports on below mechanical arm 132. Mechanical arm 132 is reduced on holding disk 126 and using suction ports from the holding pickup glue card of disk 126.Keep the disk 126 can be Such as it is used to receive the position of glue card and for the several positions to mechanical arm offer to the position of the access of glue card from labelling machine Between move.
Glue card is lifted and glue card is positioned on antenna 112 by mechanical arm 132 from holding disk 126.Mechanical arm 132 is by glue Card is reduced on antenna 112, thus antenna 112 is adhered to into glue card.The antenna of glue card will be secured to after mechanical arm 132 112 lift and antenna 112 and glue card are positioned in Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108.Once antenna 112 is in relative to ferrite lining In the desired locations at bottom 108, antenna 112 is lowered in Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108.Mechanical arm 132 is in antenna 112 and ferrite Substrate 108 is positioned before contacting to antenna 112.Mechanical arm 132 can by antenna 112 adhere to ferrite 108 it It is front to move antenna 112 (for example, several nanometers) relative to Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108.Such movement can be end to end, for example With tune and adjust the functional attributes (for example, frequency, inductance) of final antenna module so as to compensate different ferrite batches it In the porous change of ferrite.Change the frequency that inductance changes antenna module, because there is association between two attributes.
Antenna module can afterwards by electric relative to the measure of the change of the position of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 for antenna 112 Feel optimizing.More specifically, antenna module is by the way that antenna 112 is applied in the ferrite relative to specific ferrite batch In 108 ad-hoc location and the functional attributes of the specific components are tested optimizing.Antenna 112 is relative to Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 Position based on the result of test recalibrating, and retested afterwards (although it is alternatively possible to using with identical iron The different antennas and different Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate of oxysome batch).Recalibrate and retest and be continued until and have been directed towards spy Determine the functional attributes that ferrite batch optimizes antenna module, and afterwards the ad-hoc location is applied to for specific ferrite (Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 in each ferrite batch generally has identical attribute or very phase to all antenna modules of batch As attribute).Repeat the Optimizing Flow for each ferrite batch, because the attribute of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate 108 is in different iron Change between oxysome batch.(as described below) is monitored after antenna module and tests to guarantee that it is desired that each has The functional attributes of optimization, and system can be re-calibrated when problem occurs.Self adaptation reponse system could be used for Make positioning to adjust.
Figure 14 is the view at pressing station 38.As shown, the support for accommodating the antenna module dropped from track is lifted in pressing Disk 100, and antenna module contacts with the gear (such as rubber stop or other gear) below ceiling 134.In pressing station day Pressing between card 134 and pallet further fastening and solidification antenna module connection.
Figure 15 is the view of testing station 40.As shown, testing station 40 include mechanical arm 138, its by antenna module from Pallet is lifted and placed them in test equipment 139.Tested by test envelope 139 after multiple antenna modules and (for example, hindered Anti-, inductance, resistance, etc.) guaranteeing quality control.Test envelope 139 is included for carrying out for inductance or other functions attribute The probe of test.Extraly, when antenna module is tested, printing head can print to identification information (for example, code) On antenna module.If by test, they are placed in the compartment 142 of accepted container 140 all antenna modules.If Not by test, then all antenna modules of the batch are placed on unqualified container 144 to any one in antenna module In compartment 146.Those being placed in unqualified container 144 can be retested to find specific unqualified antenna sets Part.However, system also can distinguish a batch of which particular antenna element fail by test and it is only that this is specific Antenna module is placed in unqualified container 144.
Thus describe in detail the present invention, it is understood that description above be not intended to limit the present invention spirit or Scope.It will be understood that, embodiments of the invention described herein are merely exemplary and those skilled in the art can be Any changing and modifications is made in the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Including those discussed above it is all this Changing and modifications for sample is intended to be comprised in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (21)

1. a kind of method for manufacturing and tuning near-field communication aerial, including:
One or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate are loaded on work station;
Antenna blanks are loaded on work station, the antenna that the antenna blanks are connected with each other including one or more;
The antenna blanks are carried out with punching press to form one or more body antennas;
One or more glue cards are placed on described body antenna described body antenna is adhered to into the glue card;
Described body antenna is positioned in the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate to form one or more antenna modules;
Measure the one or more functions attribute of the antenna module;
Each and every one body antenna is adjusted relative to the positioning of the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate to adjust the functional attributes of the antenna module; And
Adjusted positioning of the described body antenna relative to the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate of the antenna module is set.
2. method according to claim 1, also includes testing the antenna module for qualified and quality control.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, the functional attributes include frequency and inductance.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, arranging adjusted positioning includes pressing the antenna using rubber stop Component is between each in consolidating each in one or more of antennas with one or more of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate Contact.
5. a kind of method for manufacturing and tuning near-field communication aerial, including:
By first group, one or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate are loaded on work station;
Antenna blanks are loaded on work station, the antenna that the antenna blanks are connected with each other including one or more;
The antenna blanks are carried out with punching press to form first group of one or more body antenna;
One or more glue cards are placed on described body antenna described body antenna is adhered to into the glue card;
Described body antenna is positioned in the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate to form first group of one or more antenna module;
Measure the one or more functions attribute of the antenna module;
Adjust placement positioning of second group of one or more antenna in second group of one or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate with adjust by The functional attributes of its second group of antenna module for being formed.
6. method according to claim 5, also includes testing the antenna module for qualified and quality control.
7. method according to claim 5, wherein, the functional attributes include frequency and inductance.
8. method according to claim 5, also includes pressing the antenna module to consolidate described one using rubber stop Each contact between each in one or more of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate in individual or multiple antennas.
9. a kind of method for manufacturing and tuning near-field communication aerial, including:
Glue card is dispensed on pallet, the glue side of the glue card is down;
The glue card is lifted from the pallet;
The glued sides of the glue card are applied to into first antenna;
The glue card is lifted together with its antenna is adhered to;
The glue card and antenna are placed in the first Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate, the antenna and the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate form antenna sets Part;And
Measure the one or more functions attribute of the antenna module;
Adjust the second antenna staggered relatively to adjust by the work(of its second antenna module for being formed in the second Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate Can attribute.
10. method according to claim 9, also including carrying out punching press to form the first antenna and described second day Line.
11. methods according to claim 9, also include testing the antenna module for qualified and quality control.
12. methods according to claim 9, wherein, the functional attributes include frequency and inductance.
13. methods according to claim 9, also include pressing the antenna module to consolidate in the day using rubber stop Contact between line and the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.
14. methods according to claim 9, wherein the pallet is to maintain disk, the holding disk has the glue card The multiple recesses for remaining at.
A kind of 15. systems for manufacturing and tuning near-field communication aerial, including:
Ferrite station, it is configured to promotion, and by first group, one or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate are loaded on work station;
Antenna station, it is configured to first group of one or more individual antenna loading on the work station;
Antenna applications and tuning station including mechanical arm, it is configured to one or more of individual antenna applications to described One or more Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate are to form first group of one or more antenna module, and it is individual to be configured to second group of regulation Antenna is relative to the placement of second group of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate adjusting the functional attributes of second group of antenna module.
16. systems according to claim 15, also including testing station, the testing station is configured to for quality control Described body antenna of test.
17. systems according to claim 15, wherein, the functional attributes include frequency and inductance.
18. systems according to claim 15, wherein, one or more of antennas be interconnected with one another with when in institute Stating and antenna blanks are formed when be loaded at antenna station on the work station, and also including stamping station, the stamping station is configured It is that the antenna blanks are carried out with punching press to form one or more of body antennas.
19. systems according to claim 15, also including pressing station, the pressing station is configured to further be solidificated in institute State the contact between antenna and each in the Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.
20. systems according to claim 15, wherein, the antenna applications and tuning station include mechanical arm, will be described One or more individual antenna applications are to one or more of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.
21. systems according to claim 15, wherein, the antenna applications and the tuning station include labelling machine, to match somebody with somebody Hair jelly card and by one or more of individual antenna applications to one or more of Chiral Materials of Ferrite Substrate.
CN201580032998.6A 2014-06-17 2015-06-15 Method of tuning an NFC antenna Pending CN106575813A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/306,857 2014-06-17
US14/306,857 US9923273B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2014-06-17 System for manufacturing and tuning an NFC antenna
PCT/US2015/035768 WO2015195523A2 (en) 2014-06-17 2015-06-15 Method of tuning an nfc antenna

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106575813A true CN106575813A (en) 2017-04-19

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ID=54936306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201580032998.6A Pending CN106575813A (en) 2014-06-17 2015-06-15 Method of tuning an NFC antenna

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3158606A4 (en)
KR (1) KR20170016495A (en)
CN (1) CN106575813A (en)
CA (1) CA2952047A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015195523A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101952247B1 (en) 2017-11-16 2019-02-26 홍익대학교 산학협력단 Array antenna apparatus using superstrate and tunning method thereof

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CN102549841A (en) * 2009-07-28 2012-07-04 索尼化学&信息部件株式会社 Production method for antenna device
CN102930330A (en) * 2012-11-14 2013-02-13 电子科技大学 Near field communication (NFC) tag antenna
CN103715501A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-04-09 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 NFC antenna, mobile terminal and manufacturing method of NFC antenna

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JP5029371B2 (en) * 2008-01-08 2012-09-19 パナソニック株式会社 Antenna device and adjustment method thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102549841A (en) * 2009-07-28 2012-07-04 索尼化学&信息部件株式会社 Production method for antenna device
US20120040128A1 (en) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-16 Feinics Amatech Nominee Limited Transferring antenna structures to rfid components
CN102930330A (en) * 2012-11-14 2013-02-13 电子科技大学 Near field communication (NFC) tag antenna
CN103715501A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-04-09 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 NFC antenna, mobile terminal and manufacturing method of NFC antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2952047A1 (en) 2015-12-23
EP3158606A4 (en) 2018-05-30
KR20170016495A (en) 2017-02-13
WO2015195523A3 (en) 2016-04-14
WO2015195523A2 (en) 2015-12-23
EP3158606A2 (en) 2017-04-26

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