CN106566978A - Boron containing wear-resisting cast iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Boron containing wear-resisting cast iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106566978A CN106566978A CN201610967456.4A CN201610967456A CN106566978A CN 106566978 A CN106566978 A CN 106566978A CN 201610967456 A CN201610967456 A CN 201610967456A CN 106566978 A CN106566978 A CN 106566978A
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及黑色金属的生产技术领域，尤其是一种含硼耐磨铸铁及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metal production, in particular to a boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
含硼耐磨铸铁是一种性能优良的减磨材料，它具有很高的硬度和延长铸件的使用寿命的特点。含硼铸铁只需在铸铁中加入硼，基体组织几乎不发生变化，只是在奥氏体中出现一部分硼碳化物。由于硼碳化物的显徴硬度较髙HV＝1100左右，因此提髙了耐磨性，同时硼碳化物在基体中均匀分布，所以对加工性能并不带来很多困难。Boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron is an excellent wear-reducing material, which has the characteristics of high hardness and prolonging the service life of castings. Boron-containing cast iron only needs to add boron to the cast iron, and the matrix structure hardly changes, only a part of boron carbide appears in the austenite. Since the apparent hardness of boron carbide is higher than HV=1100, the wear resistance is improved, and the boron carbide is evenly distributed in the matrix, so it does not bring many difficulties to the processing performance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所需解决的技术问题是提供一种含硼耐磨铸铁及其制备方法。通过控制铸铁中硼的加入量，铸造出耐磨铸铁。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron and a preparation method thereof. By controlling the addition of boron in the cast iron, the wear-resistant cast iron is cast.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：它的成分的重量百分比为：C2.7～3.7%、Si1.8～2.8%、Mn0.5～1.3%、B0.04～0.08%、P﹤0.15%、S≤0.08%，余量为Fe。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the weight percent of its composition is: C2.7～3.7%, Si1.8～2.8%, Mn0.5～1.3%, B0.04～0.08%, P <0.15%, S≤0.08%, the balance is Fe.
一种制备含硼耐磨铸铁的方法，包括下述几个步骤：A method for preparing boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron, comprising the following steps:
第一步：配料：将废钢、回炉料、生铁、锰铁、硅铁按C2.7～3.7%、Si1.8～2.8%、Mn0.5～1.3%、B0.04～0.08%、P﹤0.15%、S≤0.08%，余量为Fe重量百分比的方式进行配料；第二步：预热：将优化计算好的废钢、回炉料、生铁投入中频感应炉内进行预热；The first step: ingredients: steel scrap, recycled materials, pig iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon according to C2.7~3.7%, Si1.8~2.8%, Mn0.5~1.3%, B0.04~0.08%, P﹤ 0.15%, S ≤ 0.08%, and the balance is the weight percentage of Fe; the second step: preheating: put the optimized calculated scrap steel, recycled materials, and pig iron into the intermediate frequency induction furnace for preheating;
第三步：熔炼：将中频感应炉内的废钢、回炉料、生铁熔化后，投入其数量为炉料22～28%，成分为石灰70%+萤石30%的脱氧剂进行预脱氧，再投入烘烤处理的锰铁和硅铁得到铁液；The third step: smelting: After melting the steel scrap, recycled material, and pig iron in the intermediate frequency induction furnace, put in a deoxidizer whose amount is 22-28% of the furnace charge, and whose composition is 70% lime + 30% fluorite for pre-deoxidation, and then put in Ferromanganese and ferrosilicon processed by baking to obtain molten iron;
第四步：炉前快速分析：取铁液浇注试样进行快速分析，根据分析结果调整化学成分；Step 4: Quick analysis before the furnace: Take the molten iron pouring sample for quick analysis, and adjust the chemical composition according to the analysis results;
第五步：终脱氧：将铁液温度升温至1470～1620℃，投入其数量为铁液0.1～0.3%的铝进行终脱氧；Step 5: Final deoxidation: raise the temperature of molten iron to 1470-1620°C, and put in aluminum whose amount is 0.1-0.3% of molten iron for final deoxidation;
第六步：孕育处理：铁液自中频感应炉流向浇包时进行孕育处理，加入其数量为铁液量的0.3～0.5%孕育剂，孕育剂的粒度为2～6mm，孕育剂为75硅铁；Step 6: Inoculation treatment: Inoculation treatment is carried out when the molten iron flows from the intermediate frequency induction furnace to the ladle, and the amount of the inoculant is added in an amount of 0.3-0.5% of the molten iron. The particle size of the inoculant is 2-6 mm, and the inoculant is 75 silicon iron;
第七步：浇注：待铁液温度降至1430～1510℃时，进行浇注，得到铸件。Step 7: pouring: when the temperature of molten iron drops to 1430-1510°C, pouring is carried out to obtain castings.
本发明的有益效果是：铸造工艺简单，通过严格控制硼的加入量，铸造出髙性能减磨铸铁，并能替代部分昂贵合金元素，特别适合铸造汽缸套和活塞环。The beneficial effect of the invention is that the casting process is simple, high-performance friction-reducing cast iron can be cast by strictly controlling the addition of boron, and can replace some expensive alloy elements, and is especially suitable for casting cylinder liners and piston rings.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例1：Example 1:
本例的一种制备含硼耐磨铸铁的方法，包括下述几个步骤：A kind of method for preparing boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron of this example comprises the following steps:
第一步：配料：将废钢、回炉料、生铁、锰铁、硅铁按C2.7%、Si1.8%、Mn0.5%、B0.04%、P﹤0.15%、S≤0.08%，余量为Fe重量百分比的方式进行配料；第二步：预热：将优化计算好的废钢、回炉料、生铁投入中频感应炉内进行预热；The first step: ingredients: steel scrap, recycled materials, pig iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon according to C2.7%, Si1.8%, Mn0.5%, B0.04%, P﹤0.15%, S≤0.08%, The balance is the weight percentage of Fe for batching; the second step: preheating: put the optimized calculated scrap steel, recycled material, and pig iron into the intermediate frequency induction furnace for preheating;
第三步：熔炼：将中频感应炉内的废钢、回炉料、生铁熔化后，投入其数量为炉料22%，成分为石灰70%+萤石30%的脱氧剂进行预脱氧，再投入烘烤处理的锰铁和硅铁得到铁液；The third step: smelting: After melting the steel scrap, recycled material, and pig iron in the intermediate frequency induction furnace, put in a deoxidizer whose amount is 22% of the furnace charge, and whose composition is 70% of lime + 30% of fluorite for pre-deoxidation, and then put into baking Treated ferromanganese and ferrosilicon to obtain molten iron;
第四步：炉前快速分析：取铁液浇注试样进行快速分析，根据分析结果调整化学成分；Step 4: Quick analysis before the furnace: Take the molten iron pouring sample for quick analysis, and adjust the chemical composition according to the analysis results;
第五步：终脱氧：将铁液温度升温至1470℃，投入其数量为铁液0.1%的铝进行终脱氧；The fifth step: final deoxidation: the temperature of molten iron is raised to 1470°C, and aluminum whose amount is 0.1% of molten iron is put into it for final deoxidation;
第六步：孕育处理：铁液自中频感应炉流向浇包时进行孕育处理，加入其数量为铁液量的0.3%孕育剂，孕育剂的粒度为2mm，孕育剂为75硅铁；Step 6: Inoculation treatment: Inoculation treatment is carried out when the molten iron flows from the intermediate frequency induction furnace to the ladle, adding an inoculant whose amount is 0.3% of the molten iron, the particle size of the inoculant is 2 mm, and the inoculant is 75 ferrosilicon;
第七步：浇注：待铁液温度降至1430℃时，进行浇注，得到铸件。Step 7: pouring: when the temperature of molten iron drops to 1430°C, pouring is carried out to obtain castings.
实施例2：Example 2:
本例的一种制备含硼耐磨铸铁的方法，包括下述几个步骤：A kind of method for preparing boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron of this example comprises the following steps:
第一步：配料：将废钢、回炉料、生铁、锰铁、硅铁按C3.2%、Si2.3%、Mn0.9%、B0.06%、P﹤0.15%、S≤0.08%，余量为Fe重量百分比的方式进行配料；第二步：预热：将优化计算好的废钢、回炉料、生铁投入中频感应炉内进行预热；The first step: ingredients: steel scrap, recycled materials, pig iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon according to C3.2%, Si2.3%, Mn0.9%, B0.06%, P﹤0.15%, S≤0.08%, The balance is the weight percentage of Fe for batching; the second step: preheating: put the optimized calculated scrap steel, recycled material, and pig iron into the intermediate frequency induction furnace for preheating;
第三步：熔炼：将中频感应炉内的废钢、回炉料、生铁熔化后，投入其数量为炉料25%，成分为石灰70%+萤石30%的脱氧剂进行预脱氧，再投入烘烤处理的锰铁和硅铁得到铁液；The third step: smelting: After melting the steel scrap, recycled material, and pig iron in the intermediate frequency induction furnace, put in a deoxidizer whose amount is 25% of the furnace charge, and whose composition is 70% of lime + 30% of fluorite for pre-deoxidation, and then put into baking Treated ferromanganese and ferrosilicon to obtain molten iron;
第四步：炉前快速分析：取铁液浇注试样进行快速分析，根据分析结果调整化学成分；Step 4: Quick analysis before the furnace: Take the molten iron pouring sample for quick analysis, and adjust the chemical composition according to the analysis results;
第五步：终脱氧：将铁液温度升温至1595℃，投入其数量为铁液0.2%的铝进行终脱氧；The fifth step: final deoxidation: the temperature of molten iron is raised to 1595°C, and aluminum whose amount is 0.2% of molten iron is put in for final deoxidation;
第六步：孕育处理：铁液自中频感应炉流向浇包时进行孕育处理，加入其数量为铁液量的0.4%孕育剂，孕育剂的粒度为4mm，孕育剂为75硅铁；Step 6: Inoculation treatment: Inoculation treatment is carried out when the molten iron flows from the intermediate frequency induction furnace to the ladle, adding an inoculant whose amount is 0.4% of the molten iron, the particle size of the inoculant is 4 mm, and the inoculant is 75 ferrosilicon;
第七步：浇注：待铁液温度降至1470℃时，进行浇注，得到铸件。The seventh step: pouring: when the temperature of molten iron drops to 1470°C, pouring is carried out to obtain castings.
实施例3：Example 3:
本例的一种制备含硼耐磨铸铁的方法，包括下述几个步骤：A kind of method for preparing boron-containing wear-resistant cast iron of this example comprises the following steps:
第一步：配料：将废钢、回炉料、生铁、锰铁、硅铁按C3.7%、Si2.8%、Mn1.3%、B0.08%、P﹤0.15%、S≤0.08%，余量为Fe重量百分比的方式进行配料；第二步：预热：将优化计算好的废钢、回炉料、生铁投入中频感应炉内进行预热；The first step: ingredients: steel scrap, recycled materials, pig iron, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon according to C3.7%, Si2.8%, Mn1.3%, B0.08%, P﹤0.15%, S≤0.08%, The balance is the weight percentage of Fe for batching; the second step: preheating: put the optimized calculated scrap steel, recycled materials, and pig iron into the intermediate frequency induction furnace for preheating;
第三步：熔炼：将中频感应炉内的废钢、回炉料、生铁熔化后，投入其数量为炉料28%，成分为石灰70%+萤石30%的脱氧剂进行预脱氧，再投入烘烤处理的锰铁和硅铁得到铁液；The third step: smelting: After melting the steel scrap, recycled materials, and pig iron in the intermediate frequency induction furnace, put in a deoxidizer whose amount is 28% of the furnace charge, and whose composition is 70% lime + 30% fluorite for pre-deoxidation, and then put into baking Treated ferromanganese and ferrosilicon to obtain molten iron;
第四步：炉前快速分析：取铁液浇注试样进行快速分析，根据分析结果调整化学成分；Step 4: Quick analysis before the furnace: Take the molten iron pouring sample for quick analysis, and adjust the chemical composition according to the analysis results;
第五步：终脱氧：将铁液温度升温至1620℃，投入其数量为铁液0.3%的铝进行终脱氧；Step 5: Final deoxidation: raise the temperature of molten iron to 1620°C, and put in aluminum whose amount is 0.3% of molten iron for final deoxidation;
第六步：孕育处理：铁液自中频感应炉流向浇包时进行孕育处理，加入其数量为铁液量的0.5%孕育剂，孕育剂的粒度为6mm，孕育剂为75硅铁；Step 6: Inoculation treatment: Inoculation treatment is carried out when the molten iron flows from the intermediate frequency induction furnace to the ladle, adding an inoculant whose amount is 0.5% of the molten iron, the particle size of the inoculant is 6 mm, and the inoculant is 75 ferrosilicon;
第七步：浇注：待铁液温度降至1510℃时，进行浇注，得到铸件。Step 7: pouring: when the temperature of molten iron drops to 1510°C, pouring is carried out to obtain castings.
以上对本发明的具体实施方式作了说明，但这些说明不能被理解为限制了本发明的范围，本发明的保护范围由随附的权利要求书限定，仼何在本发明权利要求基础上的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均落入本发明的保护范围之內。The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but these descriptions can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any modification on the basis of the claims of the present invention , equivalent replacements and improvements, etc., all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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