CN106546359B - A kind of surrouding rock stress measuring system - Google Patents
A kind of surrouding rock stress measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106546359B CN106546359B CN201611050998.1A CN201611050998A CN106546359B CN 106546359 B CN106546359 B CN 106546359B CN 201611050998 A CN201611050998 A CN 201611050998A CN 106546359 B CN106546359 B CN 106546359B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/02—Measuring force or stress, in general by hydraulic or pneumatic means
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种围岩应力测量系统，应力计本体、安装导杆和显示仪表箱；应力计本体上还设有承压块和应力计固定装置；应力计固定装置包括导杆安装孔、定位缸、导向通道；安装导杆包括导向导杆和连接导杆；导向导杆的前端设有定位轴端，定位轴端对应导向通道的位置设有通过伸缩控制机构可伸缩控制的定位销钉；显示仪表箱包括控制器、显示屏、液压泵站、液压控制阀组、承压块控制回路、定位缸控制回路、应力数值采集计算回路。本围岩应力测量系统可以实现准确确定应力计本体在钻孔内的位态并定位，进而实现最大限度地减小因钻孔偏移和置入围岩应力计时轴向偏转造成的测量误差、实现准确测量围岩应力，特别适用于煤矿采动应力的深孔数据采集和监控。
The invention discloses a surrounding rock stress measurement system, comprising a stress gauge body, an installation guide rod and a display instrument box; the stress gauge body is also provided with a pressure bearing block and a stress gauge fixing device; the stress gauge fixing device includes a guide rod installation hole, The positioning cylinder and the guide channel; the installation guide rod includes a guide guide rod and a connecting guide rod; the front end of the guide guide rod is provided with a positioning shaft end, and the position of the positioning shaft end corresponding to the guide channel is provided with a positioning pin that can be telescopically controlled by a telescopic control mechanism; The display instrument box includes a controller, a display screen, a hydraulic pump station, a hydraulic control valve group, a pressure-bearing block control circuit, a positioning cylinder control circuit, and a stress value acquisition and calculation circuit. The surrounding rock stress measurement system can accurately determine the position and positioning of the stress gauge body in the borehole, thereby minimizing the measurement error caused by the drilling offset and the axial deflection of the stress gauge placed in the surrounding rock. Realize accurate measurement of surrounding rock stress, especially suitable for deep hole data acquisition and monitoring of mining stress in coal mines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stress measurement system, specifically a kind of surrouding rock stress suitable for underground coal mine measures system
System, belongs to rock mass of coal mine stress measurement technical field.
Background technique
The measurement of crustal stress and application are no matter on tectonic geology, earthquake prediction and geodynamic study, or in mine
Increasingly important role is played in the production practices such as mountain exploitation, underground engineering and energy development, is increasingly subject to both at home and abroad
The attention of academia and engineering circles.
It for mining, digging tunnel and carries out exploitation work and is known as adopting to coal or country rock, adopt after occurring
The original stress equilibrium state for destroying in situ rock mass causes the stress inside rock mass to redistribute, and the stress of redistribution is more than coal, rock
Ultimate strength when coal, rock around tunnel or coal working face can be made to destroy, and to mined out movement, until being formed
New original stress equilibrium state, the power in country rock and on supporting object is acted on when adopting becomes mining induced stress, and mining induced stress may be led
Cause the general mine pressure phenomenons such as roof is caving and destroys, bracket is lost, side fall roof, pucking, it is also possible to cause to rush
Hit mine pressure, top plate large area press, the big mine power phenomenon such as rock burst, mine shake, coal and gas prominent, earth's surface collapse suddenly,
Mining induced stress corresponds to mining stress field, accurately finds out temporal and spatial evolution of the mining stress field in coal and rock recovery process to commenting
Valence and prediction mine pressure phenomenon, mine power phenomenon all have a very important significance.
The acquisition of mining induced stress generallys use drilling surrouding rock stress meter in the prior art, i.e., in the quasi- coal or rock mass for surveying stress
Stress meter is placed in by installation guide rod after upper drilling and carries out stress numerical acquisition, but is drilled often because drilling plane is uneven or drilling
When the reasons such as unbalance stress cause drilling to deviate predetermined direction, drilling depth is deeper deviate it is more significant, especially with horizontal mask
There is the inclined drill of certain angle to be less susceptible to guarantee boring direction, and then easily leads to the surveyed stress of surrouding rock stress meter and non-required
The stress in direction is sought, boring direction more deviates, deeper the surveyed stress error of drilling depth is bigger, to easily cause factor value
Deviation generates error in judgement；It is not easy accurately to guarantee that country rock is answered during in addition, traditional surrouding rock stress meter is in merging drilling
The position state of power meter, the more deep this position state change of drilling is more not easy to control, and then further results in the dynamometry direction of surrouding rock stress meter
And preset direction generates deviation and causes stress data acquisition error；Meanwhile surrouding rock stress meter generallys use the knot quickly connected
Structure is attached with installation guide rod, easily causes surrouding rock stress meter when being separated after surrouding rock stress meter is in place with installation guide rod
Position state variation, in turn result in measurement error, then not only installed according to surrouding rock stress meter and the unseparated structure of installation guide rod
Guide rod reusability is low, measurement cost is high, and because the own wt reason of installation guide rod can influence measurement to a certain extent
Accurately.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of surrouding rock stress measuring system, accurate identified sign meter sheet may be implemented
Position state of the body in drilling simultaneously positions, and then realizes and reduce to the maximum extent because deflection of borehole and merging surrouding rock stress timing are axial
Measurement error caused by deflection realizes that accurate measurement surrouding rock stress, the deep hole data especially suitable for coal mine mining induced stress acquire
And monitoring.
To achieve the above object, this surrouding rock stress measuring system includes stress meter ontology, installation guide rod and display instrument electricity box；
The stress meter ontology is integrally cylindrical, and front end is arranged to pyramidal structure, and stress meter body interior is equipped with
Pressure pocket is additionally provided with pressure block and the fixed device of stress meter on stress meter ontology；Pressure block passes through on stress meter ontology radially
The guide frame sealing of direction setting is embedded on stress meter ontology and the built-in end of pressure block and stress meter body interior are held
Press chamber connection；The rear end of stress meter ontology is arranged in the fixed device of stress meter, and the shaft core position of the fixed device of stress meter is along axial
Direction is equipped with guide rod installing hole, and stress meter is fixed at least provided with two positional cylinders that radially direction is arranged inside device, fixed
The piston end of position cylinder is arranged outward and piston end is equipped with pilot pin, and face is located at the positional cylinder of inside in guide rod installing hole
Cylinder bottom end position is equipped with guide channel being radially arranged, extending to the cylinder bottom end of positional cylinder；
The installation guide rod includes guiding guide rod and connection guide；The front end for being oriented to guide rod is equipped with and guide rod installing hole ruler
The positioning shaft end of very little cooperation, the position that positioning shaft end correspond to guide channel be equipped with radially direction setting, controlled by flexible
The shop bolt of the scalable control of mechanism processed, the outer diameter of shop bolt and the internal diameter of guide channel cooperate, and guiding is led
Gravity sensor is additionally provided on bar, the rear end for being oriented to guide rod is equipped with fast connector one；Connection guide sets at least to one, even
The front end of guide rod is equipped with the fast joint structure cooperated with the fast connector one of guiding guide rod, and the rear end of connection guide is equipped with
Fast connector two；
The display instrument case includes that controller, display screen, hydraulic power unit, hydraulic control valve group, pressure block control back
Road, positional cylinder control loop, stress numerical acquire counter circuit, controller respectively with display screen, hydraulic power unit, hydraulic control valve
Group electrical connection, hydraulic power unit are tightly connected by the pressure pocket of hydraulic control valve group and fluid pressure line and stress meter ontology, control
Device is connect with the fixed device of stress meter respectively.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the positional cylinder is using pneumatically or hydraulically controlling, the guide channel with
The cylinder bottom end of positional cylinder penetrates through and the pilot ports open position at the cylinder bottom end of positional cylinder is equipped with normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug；Institute
The length dimension for the shop bolt stated is greater than the length dimension of guide channel.
As a kind of control embodiment of positional cylinder of the present invention, the cylinder bottom end of the positional cylinder is by extending out to outside
Fluid pressure line connect with the hydraulic control valve group of display instrument electricity box, and the position that fluid pressure line is connected with the cylinder bottom end of positional cylinder
In the coverage area of normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the cylinder bottom end of the positional cylinder is by extending out to external pneumatic tube
Road and pneumatic control valve group are connect with pressure gas source, and the position that pneumatic line is connected with the cylinder bottom end of positional cylinder is located at normally closed list
Into the coverage area of elastic leather plug, the controller of the display instrument electricity box is electrically connected with pneumatic control valve group.
A kind of embodiment of pushing handle telescopic control mechanism as shop bolt of the present invention, the flexible control of the shop bolt
Mechanism processed is pure mechanic structure, including ejector spring and haulage cable；The position setting that ejector spring corresponds to shop bolt exists
It is oriented in the positioning shaft end of guide rod；One end of haulage cable and the bottom end of the shop bolt being radially arranged connect
It connects, the other end is extend out to outside guiding guide rod.
The another embodiment of pushing handle telescopic control mechanism as shop bolt of the present invention, the shop bolt stretch
Control mechanism is bi-directional expansion cylinder, and the shop bolt is mounted on the piston end of bi-directional expansion cylinder, and bi-directional expansion cylinder passes through
Fluid pressure line is connect with the hydraulic control valve group of display instrument electricity box.
As a further improvement of the present invention, it is additionally provided with circumferential angle feed-back sensor on the guiding guide rod,
Circumferential angle feed-back sensor is electrically connected with the controller of the display instrument electricity box.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the gravity sensor and circumferential angle feed-back sensor are embedded in
It is oriented to inside guide rod, and gravity sensor and circumferential angle feed-back sensor are respectively positioned on the front of guiding guide rod.
As a further improvement of the present invention, on the outer wall of the guiding guide rod and connection guide in axial direction
Groove equipped with corresponding connection.
Compared with prior art, the stress meter ontology of this surrouding rock stress measuring system is due to being equipped with the stress including positional cylinder
Fixed device is counted, the piston end of positional cylinder is equipped with pilot pin, therefore will lead to behind setting position in the merging drilling of stress meter ontology
The stretching for crossing control positional cylinder makes the strong fix that stress meter ontology can be realized on pilot pin insertion borehole wall；Due to positioning
The pilot ports open position at the cylinder bottom end of cylinder is equipped with normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug, and is oriented to guide rod and is equipped with and pass through extension and contraction control
The shop bolt of the scalable control of mechanism, therefore led by the flexible stress meter ontology that may be implemented of control shop bolt with guiding
The connection of bar, moreover, because the length dimension of shop bolt is greater than the length dimension of guide channel, therefore shop bolt is entrapped in
Also normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug is opened simultaneously while completing to be located by connecting in guide channel, that is, simultaneously turns on positional cylinder, just
In the stretching of control positional cylinder；Due to being equipped with gravity sensor, the real angle of drilling and preset angle is both made to have one
Determine error, the pressure of preset direction can also be acquired according to force resolution by obtained pressure value and angle value, and then further
Guarantee the accuracy of measurement data, realization reduces to the maximum extent because deflection of borehole and merging surrouding rock stress timing axial deflection are made
At measurement error, realize accurate measurement surrouding rock stress, the acquisition of deep hole data and monitoring especially suitable for coal mine mining induced stress.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of installation guide rod of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the B direction view of Fig. 3；
Schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is working condition of the present invention.
In figure: 1, stress meter ontology, 2, installation guide rod, 21, guiding guide rod, 22, connection guide, 23, shop bolt, 24,
Gravity sensor, 3, display instrument electricity box, 4, pressure block, 5, the fixed device of stress meter, 51, guide rod installing hole, 52, positional cylinder, 53,
Guide channel, 54, normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing (is with the direction in the merging drilling of stress meter ontology 1 below
Front description).
As shown in Figure 1, this surrouding rock stress measuring system includes stress meter ontology 1, installation guide rod 2 and display instrument electricity box 3.
The stress meter ontology 1 is whole cylindrical, and front end is arranged to pyramidal structure, convenient for being promoted into drilling,
It is equipped with pressure pocket inside stress meter ontology 1, pressure block 4 and the fixed device 5 of stress meter are additionally provided on stress meter ontology 1；Pressure block 4
It is embedded on stress meter ontology 1 by the sealing of the guide frame that is radially arranged on stress meter ontology 1 and pressure block 4
Built-in end is connected to the pressure pocket inside stress meter ontology 1；The rear end of stress meter ontology 1 is arranged in the fixed device 5 of stress meter, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, the shaft core position of the fixed device 5 of stress meter is in axial direction equipped with guide rod installing hole 51, and stress meter is fixed in device 5
Portion is arranged outward at least provided with two positional cylinders 52 that radially direction is arranged, the piston end of positional cylinder 52 and on piston end
Equipped with pilot pin, passes through the guide channel 53 being radially arranged positioned at the cylinder bottom end of the positional cylinder 52 of inside and guide rod is installed
53 aperture position of guide channel at the connection of hole 51 and the cylinder bottom end of positional cylinder 52 is equipped with normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54, normal shape
Leather plug 54 is in close state normally closed unidirectional elasticity, the piston end of positional cylinder 52 is in retraction state when state.
As shown in figure 3, the installation guide rod 2 includes guiding guide rod 21 and connection guide 22；It is oriented to the front end of guide rod 21
Equipped with the positioning shaft end with 51 dimensional fits of guide rod installing hole, positions shaft end and correspond to the position of guide channel 53 equipped with radially
Shop bolt 23 that direction is arranged, by the scalable control of pushing handle telescopic control mechanism, the outer diameter and guiding of shop bolt 23
The internal diameter in channel 53 cooperates, and the length dimension of shop bolt 23 is greater than the length dimension of guide channel 53, is oriented to guide rod 21
On be additionally provided with gravity sensor 24, the rear end of guiding guide rod 21 is equipped with fast connector one；Connection guide 22 sets at least to one
Part, the front end of connection guide 22 are equipped with the fast joint structure cooperated with the fast connector one of guiding guide rod 21, connection guide
22 rear end is equipped with fast connector two.
The display instrument electricity box 3 control back including controller, display screen, hydraulic power unit, hydraulic control valve group, pressure block
Road, positional cylinder control loop, stress numerical acquire counter circuit, controller respectively with display screen, hydraulic power unit, hydraulic control valve
Group electrical connection, hydraulic power unit are tightly connected by the pressure pocket of hydraulic control valve group and fluid pressure line and stress meter ontology 1, control
Device is connect with the fixed device 5 of stress meter respectively.
Usual mining induced stress is to acquire the downward surrouding rock stress of vertical direction, i.e., need to guarantee the pressure-bearing of drilling surrouding rock stress meter
Block is located at the top of stress meter ontology to guarantee that the accuracy of acquisition data, this surrouding rock stress measuring system are used in underground coal mine
When, as shown in figure 5, first controlling 23 retraction of shop bolt and stress meter ontology 1 being inserted into the positioning shaft end for being oriented to 21 front end of guide rod
In the guide rod installing hole 51 of the fixed device 5 of the stress meter of rear end, rotary steering guide rod 21 makes shop bolt 23 to positive guide channel
It 53 and bounces and is entrapped in guide channel 53, i.e., completion stress meter ontology 1 and be oriented to the connection of guide rod 21, at this time shop bolt 23
Normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54 is opened simultaneously；Then stress meter ontology 1 is sent into the drilling being drilled and deep according to drilling
Degree is in guiding 21 rear end of guide rod installation connection guide 22 until stress meter ontology 1 is bored to foot of hole setting position for level
Hole is rotatablely installed guide rod by the angles of display value on observation 3 display screen of display instrument electricity box during being sent into and carries out coarse regulation position
State makes angle be maintained at 0 °, for inclined drill, passes through the angles of display on observation 3 display screen of display instrument electricity box during being sent into
Value rotational installation guide rod, which carries out coarse regulation position state, makes angle be maintained at the minimum value in fluctuation range；It is put into stress meter ontology 1
Bottom hole and after adjusting a state, the piston end of control positional cylinder 52 stretches out, and pilot pin is inserted on borehole wall and is completed to stress
Count the positioning of ontology 1；Then control hydraulic power unit oiling into the pressure pocket of stress meter ontology 1 make pressure block 4 eject and with brill
Hole hole wall pastes merga pass hydraulic control valve group pressure maintaining, can be real on 3 display screen of display instrument electricity box after waiting country rock compacting
When show stress numerical, for inclined drill, according to geometrical relationship, gained minimum angles value is to survey pressing face and horizontal plane to be formed
Dihedral angle, this angle is the angle between drilling and horizontal plane, and the real angle of drilling and preset angle have centainly
Error can acquire the pressure of preset direction by obtained pressure value and angle value according to force resolution；Finally control positioning pin
23 retractions are followed closely, guiding guide rod 21 is in separable state with stress meter ontology 1, extracts installation guide rod 2 out.
The positional cylinder 52 can be stretched using automatically controlled, pneumatic control or hydraulic control can also be used, due to coal
There is requirement of explosion proof, therefore preferably pneumatic control or hydraulic control, that is, as a preferred solution of the present invention, described under mine
Positional cylinder 52 using pneumatically or hydraulically controlling.
As a kind of control embodiment of positional cylinder 52 of the present invention, the cylinder bottom end of the positional cylinder 52 is by extending out to
External fluid pressure line is connect with the hydraulic control valve group of display instrument electricity box 3, and the cylinder bottom end of fluid pressure line and positional cylinder 52 connects
The position connect is located in the coverage area of normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54；When stress meter ontology 1 is put into bottom hole and adjusts a state
Afterwards, hydraulic control can be directly controlled since normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54 is in the state opened by shop bolt 23 at this time
Valve group processed injects hydraulic oil into positional cylinder 52 and ejects its piston end.
If positional cylinder 52 uses hydraulic control, do not have to carry out retraction again after positioning since the piston end of positional cylinder 52 is ejected
Control, and can have always again in positional cylinder 52 without the hydraulic of use after control 23 retraction of shop bolt, extraction installation guide rod 2
Oil causes to waste, and in turn results in gradually decreasing for hydraulic system hydraulic oil, does not have to then consider waste problem according to pneumatic control,
And underground coal mine gas source is abundant, and therefore, as a further improvement of the present invention, the cylinder bottom end of the positional cylinder 52 is logical
It crosses the pneumatic line for extending out to outside and pneumatic control valve group is connect with pressure gas source, and the cylinder bottom of pneumatic line and positional cylinder 52
The position of end connection is located in the coverage area of normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54, the controller and gas of the display instrument electricity box 3
Dynamic control valve group electrical connection.
A kind of embodiment of pushing handle telescopic control mechanism as shop bolt 23 of the present invention, the shop bolt 23 are stretched
Contracting control mechanism is pure mechanic structure, including ejector spring and haulage cable；Ejector spring corresponds to the position of shop bolt 23
It is arranged in the positioning shaft end of guiding guide rod 21, ejector spring is in the relaxation shape for ejecting shop bolt 23 when normal condition
State；One end of haulage cable is connect with the bottom end of the shop bolt 23 being radially arranged, the other end is extend out to
It is oriented to outside guide rod 21；23 bottom end of shop bolt compression ejector spring may be implemented by pulling haulage cable, and then realize
The retraction of shop bolt 23.
The another embodiment of pushing handle telescopic control mechanism as shop bolt 23 of the present invention, the shop bolt 23
Pushing handle telescopic control mechanism is bi-directional expansion cylinder, and the shop bolt 23 is mounted on the piston end of bi-directional expansion cylinder, bi-directional expansion
Cylinder is connect by fluid pressure line with the hydraulic control valve group of display instrument electricity box 3；Bi-directional expansion by controlling bi-directional expansion cylinder can
To realize the stretching or retraction of shop bolt 23.
It is square as a further improvement of the present invention in order to further accurately show the axial-rotation angle of stress meter ontology 1
Case is additionally provided with circumferential angle feed-back sensor, circumferential angle feed-back sensor and the display on the guiding guide rod 21
The controller of instrument box 3 is electrically connected, and can pass through circumferential angle feed-back sensor visual feedback after the merging drilling of stress meter ontology 1 is interior
The axial-rotation angle of stress meter ontology 1.
Borehole wall is to gravity sensor 24 and circumferential angle during stress meter ontology 1 is placed in drilling in order to prevent
Degree feedback transducer causes to scratch, and guarantees the accuracy of gravity sensor 24 and circumferential angle feed-back sensor acquisition data,
As a further improvement of the present invention, the gravity sensor 24 and circumferential angle feed-back sensor are embedded in and lead
Inside bar 21, and gravity sensor 24 and circumferential angle feed-back sensor are respectively positioned on the front of guiding guide rod 21.
During in order to avoid entering stress meter ontology 1 to embedded in hole between the outer wall and borehole wall of installation guide rod 2
Gap it is too small cause to squeeze fluid pressure line and electric connection line, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in figure 4,
The guiding guide rod 21 can accommodate liquid with the corresponding groove being connected to, groove is in axial direction equipped on the outer wall of connection guide 22
Pressure pipe road and electric connection line, and then it is prevented to be extruded destruction.
The stress meter ontology 1 of this surrouding rock stress measuring system fixes device 5 due to being equipped with the stress meter including positional cylinder 52,
The piston end of positional cylinder 52 is equipped with pilot pin, therefore will be fixed by control behind setting position in the merging drilling of stress meter ontology 1
The stretching of position cylinder 52 makes the strong fix that stress meter ontology 1 can be realized on pilot pin insertion borehole wall；Due to positional cylinder 52
53 aperture position of guide channel at cylinder bottom end be equipped with normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54, and be oriented to guide rod 21 and be equipped with by flexible
The shop bolt 23 of the scalable control of control mechanism, therefore stress meter ontology may be implemented by controlling the flexible of shop bolt 23
1 with guiding guide rod 21 connection, moreover, because the length dimension of shop bolt 23 be greater than guide channel 53 length dimension, because
This shop bolt 23 is entrapped in while completing to be located by connecting in guide channel 53 and also simultaneously pushes up normally closed unidirectional elastic leather plug 54
It opens, that is, simultaneously turns on positional cylinder 52, the stretching convenient for controlling positional cylinder 52；Due to being equipped with gravity sensor 24, both make to bore
The real angle in hole and preset angle have certain error, can also be asked according to force resolution by obtained pressure value and angle value
The pressure of preset direction is obtained, and then is further ensured that the accuracy of measurement data, realization reduces to the maximum extent because of deflection of borehole
Surrouding rock stress is accurately measured with measurement error caused by merging surrouding rock stress timing axial deflection, realization, especially suitable for coal mine
The deep hole data of mining induced stress acquire and monitoring.
Claims (9)
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| CN201611050998.1A CN106546359B (en) | 2016-11-24 | 2016-11-24 | A kind of surrouding rock stress measuring system |
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| CN106546359B true CN106546359B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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