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CN106519335A - 一种医用乳胶薄膜 - Google Patents

一种医用乳胶薄膜 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106519335A
CN106519335A CN201611012243.2A CN201611012243A CN106519335A CN 106519335 A CN106519335 A CN 106519335A CN 201611012243 A CN201611012243 A CN 201611012243A CN 106519335 A CN106519335 A CN 106519335A
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medical latex
thin film
water
medical
film
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缪建良
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Wuxi Changan Shuguang Glove Factory
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Wuxi Changan Shuguang Glove Factory
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
    • C08L7/02—Latex
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2307/00—Characterised by the use of natural rubber
    • C08J2307/02—Latex
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C08J2405/08—Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种医用乳胶薄膜，其按重量百分含量含有：纳米银0.01‑1％，水溶性壳聚糖0.2‑3％，丝胶0.5‑5％，水性聚氨酯10‑40％，天然乳胶余量。本发明的医用乳胶薄膜，能够使得可溶出蛋白逸出浓度显著下降，薄膜具有致密结构，表面更加平整光滑。

Description

一种医用乳胶薄膜
技术领域
本发明涉及材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种医用乳胶薄膜。
背景技术
天然乳胶是一种天然可再生的水基分散体系，以天然乳胶为原料的橡胶制品具有优异的综合性能和不可替代性，已广泛应用于医疗卫生领域，如医用导管、手套和避孕套等。然而，天然乳胶制品依然存在一些性能缺陷，例如，天然乳胶制品致密性、耐老化性、抗菌性较差。更为严重的是乳胶中含有一些致敏蛋白质，易诱发接触性皮炎、荨麻疹、过敏性哮喘等速发性过敏反应，严重时会引起过敏性休克，乃至死亡。
近年来的很多研究表明，在由医用生物材料引发的感染中，45％的原因是因为生物材料与人体接触时，血液和组织中的纤维黏连蛋白、玻璃黏连蛋白，纤维蛋白原会吸附在材料表面，形成一层蛋白膜，该层蛋白膜是微生物生长的温床，尤其是细菌很容易在这层蛋白膜上黏附，继而生长繁殖，逐渐形成一层顽固的水合多聚糖性质的生物活性膜。这层生物膜可以吸收营养物质，具有一定厚度，产生很强的抗药能力，传统的抗菌治疗是无法根除的。由此引发的感染及其他症状造成了临床手术和患者经济上的重大负担。
因此，如何改善医用乳胶材料的抗菌性能和脱敏性能，是本领域面临的难题之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种医用乳胶薄膜，能够使得可溶出蛋白逸出浓度显著下降，薄膜具有致密结构，表面更加平整光滑。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种医用乳胶薄膜，其按重量百分含量含有：
纳米银 0.01-1％
水溶性壳聚糖 0.2-3％
丝胶 0.5-5％
水性聚氨酯 10-40％
天然乳胶 余量。
优选的，所述纳米银的用量为0.01-0.1。
优选的，所述丝胶用量为0.5-3％。
优选的，水溶性壳聚糖含量为0.5-2％。
银离子与细菌接触反应，造成细胞固有成分被破坏或产生功能障碍而死亡。当微量银离子与微生物细胞相遇时，由于银离子具有较高的氧化还原电位(±0.798V，25℃)，而后者带有负电荷，依靠库仑引力，使二者紧密结合在一起，而且银离子还能穿透细胞壁进入细菌体内，并与细菌中的巯基反应，使蛋白质凝固，破坏细胞合成酶的活性，使细胞丧失分裂增殖能力而死亡：同时银离子还能破坏微生物电子传输系统，呼吸系统，物质传送系统，导致微生物细胞死亡，起到杀菌作用。当菌体失去活性后，银离子又会从菌体中游离出来，周而复始地进行杀菌活动，因此其抗菌效果持久。同时，在光的作用下，微量银离子能起到催化活性中心的作用，能激活空气或水中的氧，产生羟基自由基及活性氧离子，它们具有很强的氧化能力，能破坏微生物细胞的增殖能力，抑制或杀灭细菌，起到杀菌作用。由于银离子起催化活性中心的作用，本身未被消耗，有光照就能不断抑杀细菌，故能达到高效、持久、广谱的抗菌作用。
壳聚糖与人体的组织器官及细胞有良好的生物相容性，且具有抗菌消炎的特殊功能。本发明利用杂凝聚共混方法，将水溶性壳聚糖引入到天然乳胶体系中。测试表明，水溶性壳聚糖附着在天然乳胶微球的外表面，形成了一种特殊的核壳结构，使得所成薄膜致密性得到了极大改善，耐溶剂性显著提高。可溶出蛋白测试和细胞毒性试验表明，水溶性壳聚糖有效防止了水溶性蛋白的逸出，使蛋白逸出量降至最低致敏浓度以下，改性薄膜材料安全不致敏。
本发明的丝胶具有抗氧化、抗紫外光、吸湿、生物相容性和抗过敏性，将其单独应用于天然橡胶改性，在1％-1.5％的添加范围内，天然橡胶膜的机械性能最好，在0.1％-1％添加范围内水溶溢出蛋白含量从1.1mg/g增加到1.5mg/g，1％-2％之间水溶溢出蛋白含量迅速增加，1％添加量时表面形态最平整。
水性聚氨酯以水为溶剂,具有无污染、安全可靠、机械性能优良、相容性好、易于改性等优点。阴离子水性聚氨酯胶粒与天然乳胶胶粒都带负电，两种乳液能够以任意比例相容共混。水性聚氨酯与天然乳胶的共混旨在提高改性薄膜的平滑性、致密性、机械强度,降低致敏蛋白逸出，甚至弥补橡胶固化残留的微孔缺陷。本发明优选的水性聚氨酯包括，以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇合成了水性聚氨酯，以聚四氢呋喃为软段的水性聚氨酯，其综合力学性能最佳。将其与天然乳胶进行物理共混，所成薄膜的拉伸强度明显高于天然乳胶薄膜，但断裂伸长率略有降低，可溶出蛋白逸出浓度显著下降，耐溶剂性测试和原子力图谱表明共混薄膜具有致密结构，共混薄膜表面更加平整光滑。
本发明的医用乳胶薄膜，其能够抑制水溶溢出蛋白的含量，并具备抑菌作用。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
一种医用乳胶薄膜，其按重量百分含量含有：
纳米银 0.01％
水溶性壳聚糖 0.2％
丝胶 0.5％
水性聚氨酯 10％
天然乳胶 余量。
实施例2
一种医用乳胶薄膜，其按重量百分含量含有：
纳米银 1％
水溶性壳聚糖 3％
丝胶 5％
水性聚氨酯 40％
天然乳胶 余量。
实施例3
一种医用乳胶薄膜，其按重量百分含量含有：
纳米银 0.05％
水溶性壳聚糖 1％
丝胶 2％
水性聚氨酯 30％
天然乳胶 余量。

Claims (4)

1.一种医用乳胶薄膜，其按重量百分含量含有：
纳米银 0.01-1％
水溶性壳聚糖 0.2-3％
丝胶 0.5-5％
水性聚氨酯 10-40％
天然乳胶 余量。
2.如权利要求1所述的医用乳胶薄膜，其特征在于，所述纳米银的用量为0.01-0.1。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的医用乳胶薄膜，其特征在于，所述丝胶用量为0.5-3％。
4.如权利要求1-3之一所述的医用乳胶薄膜，其特征在于，水溶性壳聚糖含量为0.5-2％。
CN201611012243.2A 2016-11-17 2016-11-17 一种医用乳胶薄膜 Pending CN106519335A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108623857A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-09 艾钟 一种纯天然乳胶组合物和乳胶模杯及其制作方法
CN109021331A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-18 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 医用乳胶薄膜及其制备方法
CN111333929A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-06-26 同曦集团有限公司 一种主动抗菌抗病毒手套及其制备方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1727381A (zh) * 2005-06-03 2006-02-01 陈汝霖 新型纳米银乳胶制品及其制作方法
CN101717530A (zh) * 2009-11-09 2010-06-02 田晓慧 添加壳聚糖/丝胶的天然橡胶液体浆料及其制备方法
CN103834072A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2014-06-04 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 一种改性天然乳胶及其制备方法和用途

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1727381A (zh) * 2005-06-03 2006-02-01 陈汝霖 新型纳米银乳胶制品及其制作方法
CN101717530A (zh) * 2009-11-09 2010-06-02 田晓慧 添加壳聚糖/丝胶的天然橡胶液体浆料及其制备方法
CN103834072A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2014-06-04 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 一种改性天然乳胶及其制备方法和用途

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108623857A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2018-10-09 艾钟 一种纯天然乳胶组合物和乳胶模杯及其制作方法
CN109021331A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-18 苏州市贝克生物科技有限公司 医用乳胶薄膜及其制备方法
CN111333929A (zh) * 2020-03-25 2020-06-26 同曦集团有限公司 一种主动抗菌抗病毒手套及其制备方法

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