CN106360718A - Extraction technology of aloe vera gels - Google Patents
Extraction technology of aloe vera gels Download PDFInfo
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- CN106360718A CN106360718A CN201610734334.0A CN201610734334A CN106360718A CN 106360718 A CN106360718 A CN 106360718A CN 201610734334 A CN201610734334 A CN 201610734334A CN 106360718 A CN106360718 A CN 106360718A
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- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000002961 Aloe barbadensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 244000186892 Aloe vera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 title 1
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001976 enzyme digestion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-XXWVOBANSA-N Aloin Natural products O=C1c2c(O)cc(CO)cc2[C@H]([C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c2c1c(O)ccc2 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-XXWVOBANSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPUHNROBVJNNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aloin A Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 CPUHNROBVJNNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-WEZNYRQKSA-N aloin B Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1[C@H]1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-WEZNYRQKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobarbaloin Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1C1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种芦荟凝胶的提取工艺，包括芦荟去皮、酶解,以芦荟内凝胶基体为底物，在温度为50℃‑55℃，PH为4‑5.5的反应条件下，加入底量物质量的0.03％‑0.08％的生物酶制剂在搅拌的条件下进行酶解反应，再通过萃取、粗滤、冷冻、解冻、精滤、脱色、纳米过滤和超高压灭菌；与现有的技术方案相比较，本发明的芦荟凝胶的提取工艺，可大幅提高芦荟活性成分的提取率，同时减少加工过程造成的芦荟活性成分的损失，提高了产品附加值。The invention discloses an extraction process of aloe vera gel, which comprises the steps of peeling aloe vera and enzymatic hydrolysis, using the inner gel matrix of aloe vera as a substrate, and under the reaction conditions of a temperature of 50°C-55°C and a pH of 4-5.5, Add 0.03%-0.08% of the base amount of the biological enzyme preparation to carry out the enzymolysis reaction under stirring conditions, and then pass extraction, coarse filtration, freezing, thawing, fine filtration, decolorization, nanofiltration and ultra-high pressure sterilization; and Compared with the existing technical solutions, the extraction process of the aloe gel of the present invention can greatly increase the extraction rate of the active components of the aloe, reduce the loss of the active components of the aloe caused by the processing process, and increase the added value of the product.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种芦荟凝胶的提取工艺，属于芦荟凝胶提取方法领域。The invention relates to an extraction process of aloe gel, belonging to the field of aloe gel extraction methods.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，由于芦荟凝胶在美容、保健食品、医药等方面的功效得到消费者认可，芦荟凝胶产业也在蓬勃发展。国外芦荟行业的开发机制比较完善，已发展成种植、加工、销售一体化，适用性广泛的芦荟产品开发已日趋完备，并逐步转向科技含量高和附加值高的芦荟制品的开发。芦荟产品从最初的芦荟化妆品、保健品、药品、各式各样的含有芦荟的食品，到现如今高端的治疗糖尿病、心脏病以及抗癌药物等。In recent years, because the efficacy of aloe vera gel in beauty, health food, medicine and other aspects has been recognized by consumers, the aloe vera gel industry is also booming. The development mechanism of the foreign aloe industry is relatively complete, and it has developed into an integration of planting, processing, and sales. The development of aloe products with wide applicability has become increasingly complete, and it has gradually turned to the development of aloe products with high technological content and high added value. Aloe products range from the initial aloe cosmetics, health care products, medicines, and various foods containing aloe to today's high-end treatments for diabetes, heart disease, and anticancer drugs.
我国芦荟产业起步于20世纪80年代末，我国的芦荟产业还处于初级阶段。随着芦荟的保健和医疗作用被认可，我国掀起了“芦荟热”，也推进了我国芦荟产业的发展。目前，从芦荟的种植面积、加工技术、产品开发能力、市场发展程度以及科研实力和水平等方面来看，我国芦荟产业的发展还属于初级阶段，加工芦荟的技术水平较低，科技含量也不高，但是我国芦荟市场还在不断扩大，我国芦荟产品的市场潜力之大不容置疑。my country's aloe industry started in the late 1980s, and my country's aloe industry is still in its infancy. With the recognition of aloe's health care and medical effects, my country has set off an "aloe fever", which has also promoted the development of my country's aloe industry. At present, from the aspects of aloe planting area, processing technology, product development ability, market development degree and scientific research strength and level, the development of my country's aloe industry is still in its infancy, and the technical level of aloe processing is low, and the technological content is not high High, but the aloe vera market in my country is still expanding, and the market potential of aloe vera products in my country is unquestionable.
目前芦荟凝胶的提取方法主要有溶剂提取法和超声提取法，但是这些传统提取方法收率较低，污染严重，不便于工业化。同时，传统的热处理工艺虽然可以杀菌、灭酶，但会破坏芦荟苷等热敏性成分，也会造成芦荟凝胶色泽、香气的变化，所以有待发明新的提取方法来解决上述问题。At present, the extraction methods of aloe vera gel mainly include solvent extraction and ultrasonic extraction, but these traditional extraction methods have low yields, serious pollution, and are not convenient for industrialization. At the same time, although the traditional heat treatment process can sterilize and inactivate enzymes, it will destroy heat-sensitive components such as aloin, and will also cause changes in the color and aroma of aloe gel. Therefore, new extraction methods need to be invented to solve the above problems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
(一)要解决的技术问题(1) Technical problems to be solved
为解决上述问题，本发明提出了一种芦荟凝胶的提取工艺。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of extraction process of aloe vera gel.
(二)技术方案(2) Technical solution
本发明的芦荟凝胶的提取工艺，包括以下流程：The extraction process of aloe vera gel of the present invention comprises the following processes:
(1)芦荟去皮：取新鲜芦荟为原料，用机器自动剥离叶皮后得到芦荟内凝胶基体；(1) Aloe peeling: take fresh aloe as raw material, obtain the gel matrix in the aloe after peeling off the leaf skin automatically with a machine;
(2)酶解：以芦荟内凝胶基体为底物，在温度为50℃-55℃，PH为4-5.5的反应条件下，加入底量物质量的0.03％-0.08％的生物酶制剂在搅拌的条件下进行酶解反应，达到了较高合理的酶解产率值；(2) Enzymolysis: with the aloe inner gel matrix as the substrate, under the reaction conditions that the temperature is 50°C-55°C and the pH is 4-5.5, add 0.03%-0.08% of the base amount of the biological enzyme preparation The enzymolysis reaction was carried out under stirring conditions, and a relatively high and reasonable enzymolysis yield value was achieved;
(3)萃取：在温度为10℃-20℃条件下，采用多元醇萃取，时间为60min；(3) Extraction: at a temperature of 10°C-20°C, polyhydric alcohol is used for extraction for 60 minutes;
(4)粗滤：将萃取液在过滤机上进行初级过滤；(4) Coarse filtration: the extract is subjected to primary filtration on a filter;
(5)冷冻；(5) freezing;
(6)解冻；(6) Thawing;
(7)精滤：将解冻后的初级过滤液在过滤机上进行二次过滤，进一步去除经冷冻和解冻沉淀或聚合的杂质，得到纯度更高的芦荟凝胶原液；(7) fine filtration: the primary filtrate after thawing is subjected to secondary filtration on the filter, further removes impurities precipitated or aggregated through freezing and thawing, and obtains aloe gel stock solution with higher purity;
(8)脱色：在室温条件下，向精滤过后的芦荟凝胶原液中加入活性炭粉末通过搅拌脱色，去除色素彻底，脱色效果好；(8) Decolorization: at room temperature, add activated carbon powder to the finely filtered aloe vera gel stock solution and decolorize by stirring to remove the pigment thoroughly, and the decolorization effect is good;
(9)纳米过滤：常温条件下，在密闭的浓缩系统内先选用截留分子量4000Da的有机超滤膜将芦荟凝胶原液进行过滤，再选用截留分子量300Da的纳米滤膜对超滤的滤液进行浓缩，使得溶液中活性成分的分子量保持在300Da-4000Da之间，浓缩至脱去90％水分，得到10:1浓缩液；(9) Nanofiltration: Under normal temperature conditions, in a closed concentration system, first select an organic ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 4000Da to filter the aloe gel stock solution, and then select a nanofiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 300Da to concentrate the ultrafiltration filtrate , so that the molecular weight of the active ingredient in the solution is kept between 300Da-4000Da, concentrated until 90% of water is removed to obtain a 10:1 concentrated solution;
(10)超高压灭菌：在压力为400MPa，协同温度为30℃条件下的超高压容器中将浓缩液保压15min后，待压力降为0后脱气20min，既能杀菌、灭酶，又能较好地保持浓缩液中芦荟多糖、芦荟苷等活性成分的品质。(10) Ultra-high pressure sterilization: keep the concentrated solution for 15 minutes in an ultra-high pressure container with a pressure of 400 MPa and a synergistic temperature of 30 ° C, and then degas it for 20 minutes after the pressure drops to 0, which can not only sterilize, kill enzymes, It can better maintain the quality of active ingredients such as aloe polysaccharides and aloin in the concentrated solution.
作为优选的技术方案，所述多元醇由乙二醇和丙三醇以1:1比例混合而成，萃取效果好，纯度高。As a preferred technical solution, the polyol is formed by mixing ethylene glycol and glycerol at a ratio of 1:1, which has good extraction effect and high purity.
作为优选的技术方案，所述芦荟为美国库拉索品种芦荟。As a preferred technical scheme, the aloe is the American Curacao variety aloe.
作为优选的技术方案，所述过滤机采用水平带式真空过滤机。As a preferred technical solution, the filter adopts a horizontal belt vacuum filter.
作为优选的技术方案，所述冷冻的温度为-10℃-15℃，冷冻时间为40min-80min，一方面可以保证初级过滤液中的活性成分的原有品质，另一方面可以让初级过滤液中的杂质更好的沉淀或者聚合成大分子，便于精滤过程的进行。As a preferred technical solution, the freezing temperature is -10°C-15°C, and the freezing time is 40min-80min. On the one hand, the original quality of the active ingredients in the primary filtrate can be guaranteed, and on the other hand, the primary filtrate can The impurities in the filter are better precipitated or aggregated into macromolecules, which is convenient for the fine filtration process.
作为优选的技术方案，所述解冻温度为25℃-30℃，不会对初级过滤液的品质造成破坏。As a preferred technical solution, the thawing temperature is 25°C-30°C, which will not damage the quality of the primary filtrate.
(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
本发明与现有技术相比较，其具有以下有益效果：本发明的芦荟凝胶的提取工艺，可大幅提高芦荟活性成分的提取率，同时减少加工过程造成的芦荟活性成分的损失，提高了产品附加值。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the extraction process of the aloe gel of the present invention can greatly increase the extraction rate of the active components of the aloe, reduce the loss of the active components of the aloe caused by the processing process, and improve the quality of the product. added value.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下通过实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明。The present invention is further described by way of examples below.
(1)芦荟去皮：取新鲜芦荟为原料，用机器自动剥离叶皮后得到芦荟内凝胶基体；(1) Aloe peeling: take fresh aloe as raw material, obtain the gel matrix in the aloe after peeling off the leaf skin automatically with a machine;
(2)酶解：以芦荟内凝胶基体为底物，在温度为50℃-55℃，PH为4-5.5的反应条件下，加入底量物质量的0.03％-0.08％的生物酶制剂在搅拌的条件下进行酶解反应，达到了较高合理的酶解产率值；(2) Enzymolysis: with the aloe inner gel matrix as the substrate, under the reaction conditions that the temperature is 50°C-55°C and the pH is 4-5.5, add 0.03%-0.08% of the base amount of the biological enzyme preparation The enzymolysis reaction was carried out under stirring conditions, and a relatively high and reasonable enzymolysis yield value was achieved;
(3)萃取：在温度为10℃-20℃条件下，采用多元醇萃取，时间为60min；(3) Extraction: at a temperature of 10°C-20°C, polyhydric alcohol is used for extraction for 60 minutes;
(4)粗滤：将萃取液在过滤机上进行初级过滤；(4) Coarse filtration: the extract is subjected to primary filtration on a filter;
(5)冷冻；(5) freezing;
(6)解冻；(6) Thawing;
(7)精滤：将解冻后的初级过滤液在过滤机上进行二次过滤，进一步去除经冷冻和解冻沉淀或聚合的杂质，得到纯度更高的芦荟凝胶原液；(7) fine filtration: the primary filtrate after thawing is subjected to secondary filtration on the filter, further removes impurities precipitated or aggregated through freezing and thawing, and obtains aloe gel stock solution with higher purity;
(8)脱色：在室温条件下，向精滤过后的芦荟凝胶原液中加入活性炭粉末通过搅拌脱色，去除色素彻底，脱色效果好；(8) Decolorization: at room temperature, add activated carbon powder to the finely filtered aloe vera gel stock solution and decolorize by stirring to remove the pigment thoroughly, and the decolorization effect is good;
(9)纳米过滤：常温条件下，在密闭的浓缩系统内先选用截留分子量4000Da的有机超滤膜将芦荟凝胶原液进行过滤，再选用截留分子量300Da的纳米滤膜对超滤的滤液进行浓缩，使得溶液中活性成分的分子量保持在300Da-4000Da之间，浓缩至脱去90％水分，得到10:1浓缩液；(9) Nanofiltration: Under normal temperature conditions, in a closed concentration system, first select an organic ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 4000Da to filter the aloe gel stock solution, and then select a nanofiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 300Da to concentrate the ultrafiltration filtrate , so that the molecular weight of the active ingredient in the solution is kept between 300Da-4000Da, concentrated until 90% of water is removed to obtain a 10:1 concentrated solution;
(10)超高压灭菌：在压力为400MPa，协同温度为30℃条件下的超高压容器中将浓缩液保压15min后，待压力降为0后脱气20min，既能杀菌、灭酶，又能较好地保持浓缩液中芦荟多糖、芦荟苷等活性成分的品质。(10) Ultra-high pressure sterilization: keep the concentrated solution for 15 minutes in an ultra-high pressure container with a pressure of 400 MPa and a synergistic temperature of 30 ° C, and then degas it for 20 minutes after the pressure drops to 0, which can not only sterilize, kill enzymes, It can better maintain the quality of active ingredients such as aloe polysaccharides and aloin in the concentrated solution.
进一步地，所述多元醇由乙二醇和丙三醇以1:1比例混合而成，萃取效果好，纯度高。Further, the polyol is formed by mixing ethylene glycol and glycerol at a ratio of 1:1, which has good extraction effect and high purity.
进一步地，所述芦荟为美国库拉索品种芦荟。Further, the aloe is the American Curacao variety Aloe.
进一步地，所述过滤机采用水平带式真空过滤机，过滤效果好。Further, the filter adopts a horizontal belt vacuum filter, which has a good filtering effect.
进一步地，所述冷冻的温度为-10℃-15℃，冷冻时间为40min-80min，一方面可以保证初级过滤液中的活性成分的原有品质，另一方面可以让初级过滤液中的杂质更好的沉淀或者聚合成大分子，便于精滤过程的进行。Further, the freezing temperature is -10°C-15°C, and the freezing time is 40min-80min. On the one hand, it can ensure the original quality of the active ingredients in the primary filtrate, and on the other hand, it can make the impurities in the primary filtrate Better precipitation or aggregation into macromolecules facilitates the fine filtration process.
进一步地，所述解冻温度为25℃-30℃，不会对初级过滤液的品质造成破坏。Further, the thawing temperature is 25°C-30°C, which will not damage the quality of the primary filtrate.
上面所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定。在不脱离本发明设计构思的前提下，本领域普通人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变型和改进，均应落入到本发明的保护范围，本发明请求保护的技术内容，已经全部记载在权利要求书中。The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Under the premise of not departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by ordinary persons in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, and the technical content claimed in the present invention has been fully described in the claims.
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