CN106212263A - A kind of Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani adherance support means and Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sea millet attachment base support device and a sea millet improved variety breeding method. The attachment base support device includes a connecting rope, which is wound on two pulleys to form a closed loop. When rotating, the two parallel connecting ropes move in opposite directions respectively; the pulley is fixed on the raft frame in the sea area; the support frame is a cuboid without a cover, the body wall is covered with small holes, and the outer surface of the edge is equipped with Perforation: Suspension ropes pass through multiple perforations sequentially along the edges of the support frame and are fixed on the perforations, and the two ends of the suspension ropes are respectively fixed on two parallel connecting ropes. The invention solves the problems of low yield, low stress resistance and low active ingredient content of the existing sea millet seedlings, can realize quality improvement of sea millet seedlings, and select excellent varieties.

Description

A kind of sea millet attachment base support device and sea millet improved variety breeding method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of seaweed fine-bred breeding, and in particular relates to an attachment base support device for seaweed fine-bred breeding and a seaweed fine-bred breeding method.

Background technique

Sea millet ( Sargassum muticum ) is an important economical brown algae, which can not only be eaten and used as aquaculture feed, but also be used as a tool seaweed to purify the offshore marine environment due to its strong adsorption capacity for eutrophication substances and heavy metals. Sea millet is rich in biologically active fucoidan and polyphenols, which are potential natural antioxidants and an important raw material for the production of alginate. Therefore, sea millet has great development potential in the fields of agriculture, environmental protection, medicine and chemical industry . In recent years, with the rapid development of sea cucumber farming in the north, the demand for sea cucumbers has also been increasing. Taking advantage of the sexual reproduction characteristics of sea cucumbers, we can promote ripening by planting vegetables, cultivating indoor seedlings, and aquaculture at sea. , has realized the artificial breeding of sea broomcorn seedlings. However, at present, the vegetables used in large-scale artificial seedling breeding have not been systematically selected and selected, so there is a lack of optimal arrangement of germplasm resources, so that some of the cultivated seedlings have low yields, low stress resistance, and low active ingredient content. Therefore, cultivating fine varieties with high quality and high yield is an important basis for the current industrial development.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides an attachment base supporting device for breeding improved varieties of sea millet and a method for breeding improved varieties of sea millet, which solves the problems of low yield, low resistance to stress and low content of active ingredients in existing sea millet seedlings. Problems, can realize the quality improvement of sea millet seedlings, and select excellent varieties.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

An attachment support device for sea millet breeding, comprising a connecting rope wound on two pulleys to form a closed loop, with the rotation of the pulleys, the two parallel connecting ropes move in opposite directions respectively; The pulley is fixed on the raft frame in the sea area; the support frame is a cuboid without a cover, the body wall is covered with small holes, and the outer surface of the edge is provided with perforations; the suspension rope is threaded along the edges of the support frame in sequence. Through a plurality of perforations, and fixed on the perforations, the two ends of the sling are respectively fixed on two parallel connecting ropes.

In order to match the size of the attachment base and comprehensively consider the carrying capacity of the suspension rope and the connecting rope, the size of the support frame is 80cm×20cm×15cm-120cm×60cm×25cm.

In order to ensure the fluidity of seawater in the frame, the diameter of the small hole is 0.5-1 cm.

In order to improve the use strength and service life of the sling, the sling is a polyethylene rope with a diameter of ≥0.8cm.

In order to keep the support frame always at a suitable water layer depth, the attachment base support device also includes a controller and an underwater illuminance meter, the underwater illuminance meter is installed on the support frame, and the controller is used to receive underwater illuminance The water layer depth actually measured by the meter is compared with the set water layer depth to make a judgment and control the rotation direction of the pulley.

The present invention also provides a method for breeding improved varieties of sea millet, the steps of which are:

1) Preparation of the attachment base: the attachment base is a rectangular cement block, and the side of the attachment base with seedlings is rough;

2) Sea millet with seedlings: when the temperature in the sea area is 12°C, start to collect sea millet for planting vegetables, select a single female parent with tall plants, strong algae, many reproductive supports and good maturity, and measure its algin content; The selected sea millet with high algin content is rinsed with sea water and placed in the seedling pool for seedling collection; the seedlings are kept in the workshop for 20-25 days, and transported after the length reaches 5-8mm to sea farming;

3) Mariculture: Use the above-mentioned attachment base support device, turn the pulley, float the support frame out of the water, place the attachment base of the attached seedlings in the support frame, turn the pulley in the opposite direction, and place the support frame together with the attachment base on the sea surface Below; in the sea culture process, regularly lift the support frame out of the water, observe the growth of the seedlings, and regularly wash the attachment base until the seedlings grow into adults;

4) In May of the following year, when the seawater temperature is stable above 10°C, take out the sea millet cultivated in the support frame, select a single plant with strong growth potential, many reproductive supports and good maturity, and measure the content of alginate. A single plant with high alginate content is used for planting vegetables, and it is bred according to the seedling raising method of the first year. The same method is cultivated for more than 3 years. After more than 3 generations of germplasm breeding and screening, the growth vigor and high algin content are finally selected. Excellent variety.

In order to ensure the effect of picking seedlings, the step 2) in the process of picking seedlings, the light is controlled at 3000-10000lx, the water temperature is at 20-22 ℃, the salinity is not lower than 25‰; the content of nutrient elements NO ₃ -N is 2-4 g/m ³ , PO ₄ -P content is 0.2-0.4 g/m ³ .

In order to ensure the growth of the seedlings, the conditions for the temporary cultivation of the seedlings in the workshop in step 2) are as follows: the light is not higher than 30000lx, the water temperature is not higher than 20°C, the salinity is not lower than 25‰, and the content of soluble inorganic nitrogen is 15-20 μmol /L, the soluble inorganic phosphorus content is 0.3-0.5μmol/L, and the water flow rate is not higher than 0.8m/s.

In order to prevent the impact of the transportation process on the growth of the seedlings, the step 2) in the process of transporting from the workshop to the sea culture, choose to transport in the morning and evening when the temperature is low (the temperature is not higher than 22 ° C), and cover it with a wet cloth soaked in seawater. , keep the seedlings in a moist state. If the transportation process exceeds 1 hour, it needs to be transported in an incubator and ice bottle, and the temperature should be controlled at 13°C-20°C.

In order to ensure that the seedlings have enough growth space, the step 3) the distance between two adjacent attachment bases in the support frame is 4-6 cm, and the distance between the four sides of the attachment base and the side wall of the support frame is 8-12 cm.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: in the attachment base support device of the present invention, the connecting rope is wound on two fixed pulleys to form a closed loop, and the attachment base with seedlings is placed on the support In the frame, the sling passes through the perforation on the support frame, and the two ends are respectively fixed to two parallel connecting ropes, and the connecting ropes move left and right with the rotation of the pulley, driving the two ends of the same sling to the opposite direction Move so that the support frame can be moved up and down. Therefore, the present invention can conveniently control the depth of the water layer where the support frame is located, and keep the seedlings on the attachment base under the light conditions suitable for growth all the time. When the support frame is lifted out of the water surface, the work of observing the growth of the seedlings, washing the attachment base or harvesting the algae can be carried out, thereby avoiding the cultivation personnel from entering the seawater for operation, and facilitating the daily management of sea millet cultivation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1. the structural representation of the attachment base supporting device of the present embodiment;

Fig. 2. The structural representation of the attachment base support device after the pulley rotates clockwise as shown in Fig. 1;

Mark in the figure: connecting rope 1, suspension rope 2, pulley 3 and support frame 4.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The proportions and "parts" mentioned in the present invention are all based on weight if there is no special mark.

In order to increase the yield of sea millet seedlings, improve stress resistance, and increase the content of effective nutrients, the present invention provides an attachment base support device for breeding improved sea millet varieties and a method for breeding improved sea millet varieties, with specific technical solutions as follows:

A kind of attachment base support device for sea millet fine variety breeding, comprising connecting rope 1, suspension rope 2, pulley 3 and support frame 4, as shown in Figure 1, described connecting rope is wound on two pulleys, forms closed In the loop, with the rotation of the pulley, the two parallel connecting ropes move in opposite directions respectively; the pulley is fixed on the raft frame in the sea area. The supporting frame is a cuboid without an upper cover, and the size is 80cm×20cm×15cm-120cm×60cm×25cm. The body wall of the support frame is covered with small holes, which serve to turn the support frame into a water-permeable frame body and ensure the fluidity of seawater in the frame. The diameter of the small holes is 0.5-1 cm. The outer surface of the upper edge of the support frame is provided with perforations, and the suspension rope is passed through multiple perforations along the edge in turn, and fixed on the perforations, and then the two ends of the suspension rope are respectively fixed on two parallel Connect the rope. In order to increase stability, a plurality of suspension ropes are arranged in parallel on each support frame, and the suspension ropes are preferably polyethylene ropes with a diameter of ≥0.8 cm.

When in use, the support frame is fixedly connected to the connecting rope through the hanging rope. Since the two ends of the same hanging rope are respectively connected to two parallel connecting ropes, when the pulley rotates, the two parallel connecting ropes face the opposite direction. Move, drive the two ends of suspension rope to move toward opposite direction, thereby can shorten the distance between support frame and connecting rope, and support frame floats out of the sea. At this time, fix the attachment base with the seedlings in the support frame, move the pulley in the opposite direction, and drive the hanging rope to gradually return to its original position, thereby extending the distance between the support frame and the connecting rope. The support frame enters below the sea surface, and the seedlings begin to Sea farming. During the breeding process, the depth of the water layer where the support frame is located can be adjusted at any time, so that the seedlings on the attachment base are always under the light conditions suitable for growth.

As a preferred embodiment, the plane where the pulley and the connecting rope are located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and when the suspension rope is fixed to the connection rope, it is tilted toward the inside to reduce the risk of the support frame tipping over when the two ends of the suspension rope move in opposite directions.

In order to ensure that sea millet is in the best light conditions, it is necessary to place the support frame in a suitable water layer. In the cultivation method of this embodiment, the optimum water layer depth is 3 meters below sea level, but the sea level will be affected by the rising tide. The ebb tide changes, so the position of the supporting frame needs to be moved up and down with the change of sea level. In this embodiment, the attachment base support device further includes a controller and an underwater illuminance meter, and the underwater illuminance meter is installed on the support frame for measuring the depth of the water layer. The controller is used to receive the water layer depth actually measured by the underwater illuminance meter, compare it with the set water layer depth, make a judgment, and control the rotation direction of the pulley. Since the positions of the pulley and the connecting rope are fixed, the position of the support frame is adjusted by rotating the pulley so that the support frame is always at a suitable water layer depth.

By using the device of this embodiment, the support frame can be raised or lowered conveniently. When the support frame floats out of the water, the work of observing the growth of the seedlings, washing the attachment base or harvesting algae can be carried out, thereby avoiding the cultivation personnel from entering Operation in seawater is convenient for daily management of sea millet farming.

The present embodiment also provides a method for breeding improved varieties of sea millet, the steps are:

1) Preparation of attachment base: The attachment base is a rectangular cement block with a size of 25cm×15cm×3cm-35cm×25cm×8cm, preferably 30cm×20cm×5cm, with a diameter of 0.8-1.5cm in the middle For the round hole, the side of the cement block attached to the seedlings is roughened with a hair brush to facilitate the attachment of the sea millet seedlings.

The attachment base is soaked in fresh water for 7 days before use, during which the water needs to be changed 2-3 times, then soaked in seawater for 7 days, during which the water needs to be changed 2-3 times, and finally potassium permanganate (mass percentage concentration 1ppm) disinfection treatment.

2) Sea millet with seedlings: When the temperature in the sea area is 12°C, start to collect sea millet for planting vegetables, select a single female parent with tall plants, strong algae, many reproductive supports and good maturity, and select some samples, and use calcium acetate method to determine its alginate content.

The seedling pool is pre-sterilized, and the bottom of the pool is spread with an attachment base, and then put into seawater, the water depth is not less than 50cm. Rinse the selected sea millet with high algin content and put it into the seedling pond, mark the corresponding attachment base, and fix it with falling stones to prevent the sea millet from being trapped in the seedling pond. move in. Running water culture to prolong the survival time of vegetables in the workshop.

During the seedling harvesting process, the light is controlled at 3000-10000lx, the water temperature is 20-22 ℃, and the salinity is not lower than 25‰; the content of nutrient elements NO ₃ -N is 2-4 g/m ³ , and the content of PO ₄ -P is 0.2 -0.4 g/m ³ . Check the density of attached seedlings every 2 days, when the density of attached seedlings reaches 5-10 plants/cm ² , pick out the seedlings. The seedlings are kept in the workshop for 20-25 days temporarily. The conditions for temporary cultivation are: the light is not higher than 30000lx, the water temperature is not higher than 20°C, the salinity is not lower than 25‰, the content of soluble inorganic nitrogen is 15-20 μmol/L, and the soluble inorganic nitrogen content is 15-20 μmol/L. The content of inorganic phosphorus is 0.3-0.5μmol/L, and the water flow rate is not higher than 0.8m/s to prevent seedlings from falling due to erosion. After the length reaches 5-8mm, it is transported to the sea for breeding.

In order to prevent damage to the seedlings during transportation, choose to transport when the temperature is low in the morning and evening (the temperature is not higher than 25°C), and cover the attachment base with a wet cloth soaked in seawater to keep the seedlings in a moist state. If the transportation process is more than 1 hour, it is necessary to put the attachment base into an incubator and add an ice bottle for sealed transportation, and the temperature should be controlled at 13°C-20°C. .

3) Mariculture: use the above-mentioned support device for the attachment base, turn the pulley to float the support frame out of the water, place the attachment base of the attached seedlings in the support frame, and use tie bars to pass through the round holes on the attachment base to fix the attachment base on the At the bottom of the plastic basket, reversely turn the pulley, and place the support frame together with the attachment base 3m below the sea surface. The distance between two adjacent attachment bases in the support frame is 4-6 cm, and the distance between the four sides of the attachment base and the side wall of the support frame is 8-12 cm, so as to ensure that the seedlings have enough growth space.

During the sea culture process, the support frame is regularly lifted out of the water to observe the growth of the seedlings, and the attachment base is regularly washed to prevent the attachment of algae until the seedlings grow into adults. And in the breeding process, the rotation of the pulley is controlled artificially or by the controller, so that the support frame is always located at the depth of the water layer suitable for the growth of sea millet seedlings.

4) In May of the following year, when the seawater temperature is stable above 10°C, take out the sea millet cultivated in the support frame, select a single plant with strong growth potential, many reproductive supports and good maturity, and measure the content of alginate. A single plant with high gum content is used for planting vegetables, and it is bred according to the method of raising seedlings in the first year.

5) In May of the third year, select a single plant with strong growth potential, more reproductive tracts, good maturity, and high algin content from the sea millet cultivated in the second year, and breed according to the seedling raising method of the first year .

6) In May of the fourth year, from the sea millet cultivated in the third year, select a single plant with strong growth potential, more reproductive tracts, good maturity, and high algin content to grow vegetables, and breed according to the seedling raising method of the first year .

7) After more than 3 generations of germplasm breeding and screening, an excellent variety with vigorous growth and high algin content was finally selected

Through the method of this example to cultivate sea millet, the continuous three generations of self-breeding and breeding of excellent individual plants of sea millet have been realized. From the selection of the initial high-quality vegetable, the growth potential is vigorous, the reproductive support is large and the maturity is good, and the algin content is high. Several factors such as high screening of individual plants are beneficial to determine stable genetic traits. After more than 3 generations of breeding and screening, the stress-resistant fine varieties with high algin content and large individuals that can be stably inherited were finally selected.

By adopting the method for aquaculture of sea millet in the present embodiment, the adverse effect on sea millet seedlings caused by drying out of the intertidal zone is overcome. Combined with the attachment base support device, the support frame can be easily lifted out of the water surface to observe the growth of the seedlings, wash the attachment base, etc., which is convenient for the management and follow-up observation of the sea millet seedlings. The controller controls the support frame to always be at a suitable water depth, which is conducive to the robust growth of sea millet. Therefore, the improved seed breeding method of this embodiment is highly operable, simple and suitable for large-scale implementation.

The above embodiments are only some of several preferred implementation modes of the present invention. It should be pointed out that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments; Modifications, or equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the adherance support means of a Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding, it is characterised in that include

Connecting rope, be wound on two pulleys, form the loop of Guan Bi, along with the rotation of pulley, two parallel connection ropes are respectively Move in the opposite direction；

Pulley, is fixed on the raft frame of sea area；

Carriage, is the cuboid without upper cover, and body wall is covered with aperture, and the lateral surface of seamed edge is provided with perforation；

Lifting rope, the seamed edge along described carriage sequentially passes through multiple perforation, and is fixed in perforation, and the two ends of described lifting rope are respectively It is fixed on two parallel connection ropes.

Adherance support means the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the size of described carriage be 80cm × 20cm×15cm-120cm×60cm×25cm。

Adherance support means the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a diameter of 0.5-1cm of described aperture.

Adherance support means the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lifting rope is polyethylene rope, diameter >= 0.8cm。

5. according to the adherance support means described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include controller and under water Illumination meter, described underwater irradiance meter is arranged on carriage, and described controller is for receiving the water that underwater irradiance meter is actually measured Layer depth, compares with the water depth set, judges, and controls the rotation direction of pulley.

6. a Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method, it is characterised in that step is:

1) preparation of adherance: described adherance is rectangle cement block, on adherance, the one side of spatfall is coarse；

2) Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani spatfall: sea area temperature starts to gather Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani when 12 DEG C and plants vegetables, and selects plant tall and big, frond is healthy and strong, raw Grow the single female parent that torr is many and Maturity is good, and measure its Algin content；By individual plant sea high for the Algin content preferably gone out Broomcorn millet plant vegetables with seawater flushing clean after put into pond of collecting seedling, collect seedling；Seedling continues to support 20-25 days temporarily in workshop, waits to grow After degree reaches 5-8mm, mariculture is arrived in transport；

3) mariculture: use the adherance support means described in any one of claim 1-5, rotates pulley, is floated by carriage Go out the water surface, the adherance of spatfall be placed in carriage, rotate backward pulley, by carriage together with adherance be placed in sea with Under；At sea in breeding process, periodically carriage is carried away the water surface, observe growth of seedling situation, and periodically scrub adherance, directly Adult is formed to seedling；

4) May next year, when ocean temperature is stablized more than 10 DEG C, the Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani will cultivated in carriage takes out, and selects growth Gesture is vigorous, the individual plant that receptacle is many and Maturity is good, measures Algin content, is planted vegetables by individual plant high for Algin content, press The method for culturing seedlings of First Year is bred, and same method is cultivated more than 3 years, and the kind matter more than 3 generations is bred and screened, and finally selects Bring out the improved seeds that growing situation is vigorous, Algin content is high.

A kind of Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described step 2) collected seedling Cheng Zhong, illumination controls at 3000-10000lx, and water temperature is at 20-22 DEG C, and salinity is not less than 25 ‰；Nutrient NO₃-N content is 2-4 g/m³、PO₄-P content is 0.2-0.4 g/m³。

A kind of Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described step 2) in seedling Condition of supporting temporarily in workshop is: illumination is not higher than 30000lx, and water temperature is not higher than 20 DEG C, and salinity is not less than 25 ‰, soluble inorganic Nitrogen content 15-20 μm ol/L, soluble inorganic phosphorus content 0.3-0.5 μm ol/L, flow rate of water flow is not higher than 0.8m/s.

A kind of Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described step 2) transported by workshop It is passed to the process of mariculture, transport when selecting that temperature is low sooner or later, (temperature is not higher than 22 DEG C), and with the wet cloth of sea water immersion Cover on adherance, keep seedling to be in moisture state；If transportation was more than 1 hour, need to add ice chest with couveuse Sealing transport, temperature controls at 13 DEG C-20 DEG C.

A kind of Thallus Sargassi Kjellmaniani fine-variety breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described step 3) carriage In spacing between adjacent two adherances be 4-6cm, the distance of four back gauge carriage sidewalls of adherance is 8-12cm.