CN106073801A - A kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method and device, described method includes: utilize the cavum nasopharyngeum body region of infrared digital instrument people from location；Being close to face's injection with dual wavelength near-infrared light source confocal with this position finder, through muscle and bone, external realization carries out tomoscan to described nasopharynx cavity；Measure the principle of blood oxygen saturation in the difference of dual wavelength near infrared absorbing coefficient according to oxygenate and reduced hemoglobin, the oximetry value of this point can be calculated from the specular scattering light detecting nasopharynx, and then obtain the blood oxygen distribution figure of described cavum nasopharyngeum, it is achieved the purpose of external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation detection；Said method has lossless, real-time, continuous, low cost and other advantages.

Description

An imaging method and device for in vitro nasopharyngeal cavity venous oxygen saturation

technical field

The invention relates to medical equipment, in particular to an imaging method and device for in vitro nasopharyngeal cavity blood oxygen saturation, which can replace the traditional endoscopic nasopharyngeal imaging system.

Background technique

Existing nasopharyngeal endoscopes cannot carry out early diagnosis, cannot see the pharyngeal hidden parts, cannot measure the size of intranasal tumors, and cannot solve the technical problems of the depth of the nasal endoscope entering the nasopharyngeal cavity and the depth of the endoscope entering the nasal cavity. It brings problems such as unavoidable discomfort to the patient during the pharyngeal cavity.

At present, CT imaging technology has high density resolution and is suitable for imaging bones or calcified tissues, but it is difficult to reliably identify tissues with a diameter of less than 1 mm. MRI technology also has low sensitivity to fine tissue and is expensive to diagnose. It is contraindicated for patients with implanted metal or magnetic materials in the body. The resolution of ultrasound imaging is not as good as that of near-infrared light, and the design of the endoscope and the need for coupling agents will inevitably cause irritation to the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

The dual-wavelength near-infrared blood oxygen saturation imaging technology is developed based on the principle that oxyhemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the tissue absorb more near-infrared light in the 700nm-900nm band. Currently, research is being carried out on the diagnosis of diseases where the blood oxygen content of the lesion is different from that of normal tissue.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an in vitro nasopharyngeal cavity venous blood oxygen saturation imaging method and device to realize non-destructive in vitro imaging.

An imaging method for venous oxygen saturation in nasopharyngeal cavity in vitro, comprising the following steps:

1) Use an infrared digitizer to locate the scanned part of the nasopharyngeal cavity;

2) The light source is focused on the scanned part of the human nasopharyngeal cavity through bones and muscles outside the body for continuous positioning, and the scanning of the positioning part is completed by interlacing with dual-wavelength near-infrared light;

3) The black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD that is synchronized with the light source collects the optical signal obtained after scanning the whole or part of the nasopharyngeal cavity tissue, and converts it into a digital electrical signal at the same time;

4) The image data taken by the CCD in the data acquisition card acquisition step 3;

5) The image processing system processes the image data in step 4;

6) Output the diagnostic information of imaging and pathology.

The invention provides an imaging method for venous blood oxygen saturation in the nasopharyngeal cavity in vitro, comprising: positioning the nasopharyngeal cavity of a person according to an infrared digitizer, and performing positioning guidance for a dual-wavelength near-infrared light source; according to the above positioning, using a dual-wavelength near-infrared The light source scans the nasopharyngeal cavity. The upper boundary of the scan is the sphenoid body, and the lower boundary is the soft palate;

Wherein, the light source is located at the human face outside the body.

Wherein the infrared digitizer in step 1 is an optical navigation system, and uses the landmarks in the nasopharyngeal cavity to establish a coordinate system for three-dimensional positioning.

Among them, in step 2, multi-angle scanning method is used to focus and image the nasopharyngeal cavity tissue; the upper boundary of the scanning range is the sphenoid body, the lower boundary is the soft palate, and the scanning angle is centered on the nasopharyngeal cavity, rotating 180 degrees to reproduce the nasopharyngeal cavity Venous oxygen saturation distribution of body tissues; nasopharyngeal tissues from outside to inside are epithelial tissue, basement membrane, lamina propria, submucosa and muscular layer.

The light source in step 2 is a specific 760nm LED and 850nm LED dual-wavelength near-infrared light; 8 760nm LEDs and 850nm LEDs each, and the light sources of the two wavelengths form a 4×4 staggered array, and the control system Control how long they last and how often they alternate.

The front end of the light source in step 2 is provided with a single-wavelength filter switcher, and there are two circular holes on the single-wavelength filter switcher, through which the dual-wavelength LED irradiates the sample successively.

Among them, in step 3, the black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD collects reflected scattered light, and simultaneously receives the sample signal excited by 760nm wavelength and the sample signal excited by 850nm wavelength to complete single-wavelength imaging; therefore, the CCD and the light source are on the same side, and the distance between the two The distance between them is determined by the detection depth.

In step 4, the data acquisition card uses the labview software to complete digital signal acquisition, and transmits the acquired image data to the image processing system without distortion.

In step 5, the image processing system uses Labview software to calculate the blood oxygen saturation of the digital signal in step 4 according to the blood oxygen imaging algorithm, and obtains the distribution map of blood oxygen content and the quantitative values of blood content and oxygen content.

The image processing and blood oxygen analysis are first calibrated by software, and the software calibration includes: the determination of the preliminary calibration of the system needs to be adjusted by analyzing the experimental data, and the adjusted result makes the blood oxygen level of healthy individuals around 76%; the system further Calibration needs to be combined with multiple methods, compared with multiple measurement results, and more accurate calibration formulas and coefficients can be obtained through regression analysis.

The device includes a light source part, an image acquisition system, a control system and a blood oxygen content imaging system;

The light source part includes: an infrared digital locator for locating the nasopharyngeal cavity of a person, a dual-wavelength near-infrared light source placed at the front end of the locator, and a synchronous single-wavelength filter switcher placed at the front end of the light source; The dual-wavelength near-infrared light source at the front of the instrument is in the same focus as the locator; there are two circular holes on the synchronous single-wavelength filter switcher placed at the front of the light source, and the dual-wavelength light source exits from different circular holes to scan the positioned nasopharyngeal cavity body;

The image acquisition system includes a black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD camera and a data acquisition card; the black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD is on the same side as the light source, and there is an included angle. The distance between the two is determined by the detection depth, and is used to collect dual-wavelength near-infrared The light excites the scattered light of the tissue and completes the photoelectric conversion; the data acquisition card is placed at the back end of the CCD to collect digital signals and transmit the collected digital signals to the image processing system;

The control system is mainly composed of a single-chip microcomputer and a relay, the single-chip microcomputer controls the relay, and the relay controls the continuous light emitting time of the light source and the switching time of the single-wavelength filter; the single-chip microcomputer synchronously controls the light source and the image acquisition system, and controls the black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD to be able to shoot synchronously Scattered light to each single-wavelength excitation; the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the light source and CCD with wires or data lines;

The blood oxygen content imaging system includes a blood oxygen content image enhancement system and a blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary diagnosis system.

Among them, the blood oxygen imaging system is based on the PC platform, and the blood oxygen imaging algorithm is used in the Labview software to generate images and complete the quantitative analysis of blood oxygen saturation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention can display the structure of blood vessels without using angiographic contrast agent, so it has its unique features for mutual identification between blood vessels, tumors, lymph nodes and blood vessel structures. High, sensitive detection of changes in venous blood oxygen saturation in tissue components, enabling early detection of lesions; at the same time avoiding the pain caused by nasal endoscopy deep in the nasopharynx.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of imaging of the inner wall of nasopharyngeal cavity according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the soft tissue imaging results of the inner wall of the nasopharyngeal cavity according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an in vitro nasopharyngeal cavity imaging device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the imaging method of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-dual-wavelength near-infrared light source; 2-dual-wavelength near-infrared light; 3-760nm wavelength through the window; 4-850nm wavelength through the window; 5-infrared digitizer locator; 6-synchronous control system; 7-single-wavelength filter switcher; 8-sample; 9-black and white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD; 10-manipulator arm; 11-data acquisition card; 12-scattered light; 13-image enhancement processing system; 14-blood oxygen Imaging and auxiliary diagnosis system; 15-digital signal; 16-PC platform.

detailed description

The technical solution of this extracorporeal nasopharyngeal cavity imaging method—blood oxygen saturation imaging device will be described in detail below in combination with specific examples and accompanying drawings, so as to make it more clear.

As shown in Figure 1, the schematic diagram of the imaging of the inner wall of the nasopharyngeal cavity of the present invention, the dual-wavelength near-infrared light source 1 emits near-infrared light waves 2 at different angles on the face, penetrates the skin, bones and then reaches the nasopharyngeal cavity, and scans after positioning and focusing. The reflected scattered light 12 is captured by the CCD9, and the video signal 12 is converted into a digital signal 15 .

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the soft tissue imaging result of the nasopharyngeal cavity inner wall of the present invention, the nasopharyngeal cavity inner wall can be divided into mucosal layer, submucosa and muscle layer from shallow to deep; The mucosal layer is divided into epithelial layer, basal layer and lamina propria.

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the nasopharyngeal cavity imaging device in vitro of the present invention, and this device comprises the synchronous control system 6 of simultaneously driving control light source and black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD9, dual-wavelength near-infrared light source 1 and CCD9 have clip with respect to sample Angle (the angle depends on the situation, but less than 90 degrees), infrared digitizer locator 5, window 3 for 760nm wavelength, window 4 for 850nm wavelength, single-wavelength filter switcher 7, and detection system are connected in sequence The manipulator arm 10, scattered light 12, data acquisition card 11, digital signal 15, image enhancement processing system 13, blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary diagnosis system 14, and PC platform 16 are shown.

Wherein, the light source 1 is dual-wavelength near-infrared light with wavelengths of 760nm and 850nm.

The single-wavelength filter switcher 7 is used to ensure that only one wavelength passes through in a single time to realize CCD9 single-wavelength imaging; the switching frequency is controlled by the control system.

In this example, the near-infrared CCD9 is used to capture the scattered optical image of the inner surface of the nasopharynx; the CCD9 uses a high-definition camera. High-definition optical imaging of the inner surface of the nasopharynx.

The data acquisition card 11 is a black and white high-definition image acquisition card, which can collect the video signal input by the black and white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD9 to the image enhancement processing system and the blood oxygen imaging system without distortion, so as to ensure the accuracy of the original image data.

The purpose of the image enhancement processing system 13 is to highlight tiny blood vessels. The algorithm uses the improved anisotropic diffusion enhancement operator and the smoothing blending operator to process the original image to form a new image; or uses the Gaussian smoothing and differential edge detection blending operator to process the image; so that the blood vessels that were originally imperceptible emerge. Then, adaptive grayscale correction is performed on each local area, so that the processing of the whole image can achieve a good effect.

Blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary diagnosis system 14 The blood oxygen imaging diagnosis system includes data image acquisition, blood oxygen imaging algorithm system, and blood oxygen value auxiliary analysis system. The optical image of each wavelength of near-infrared light required by the blood oxygen imaging algorithm can be obtained through the data image acquisition system. The data image is input into the blood oxygen imaging algorithm system for image synthesis and image processing, and then the image is processed in false color, and the gray value of the black and white image is mapped into the corresponding color. The blood oxygen value auxiliary analysis system provides doctors with blood content and oxygen content analysis functions and provides auxiliary diagnosis results.

The flow chart of the imaging method of the present invention as shown in Figure 4 includes:

Step s20 , using the infrared digitizer 5 to locate the part of the human nasopharyngeal cavity to be scanned, and provide positioning guidance for the dual-wavelength near-infrared light source 1 .

Step s30, an initialization step, realizes the synchronous operation of the light source 1 and the camera CCD9. A sequentially connected single-wavelength filter switcher 7 , near-infrared CCD 9 , data acquisition card 11 , image enhancement processing system 13 , blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary diagnosis system 14 are provided.

Step s40, the scanning step, controls the action of the stepping machine through the motion control card on the PC platform. The motion control card is synchronized with the black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD9. When a certain filter 3 or 4 moves to the front of the lens, the trigger signal fed back by the motion control card is sent to the control system of the instrument after receiving the trigger signal from the motion control card. Black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD9 shooting commands complete the automatic acquisition process. Therefore, multiple image data of different single wavelengths can be obtained in one acquisition process.

Specifically, the CCD9 is an area array CCD9, and a single channel can obtain large-area image information, and the collected image can more clearly and intuitively reflect the situation of the target area. The black-and-white high-definition image acquisition card 11 can input the black-and-white high-sensitivity near-infrared CCD 9 into the video signal 12 without distortion. The image processing system uses Algorithm 13 to highlight tiny blood vessels and lesion areas. The blood oxygen imaging and auxiliary diagnosis system 14 displays the blood vessel distribution map of the tissue and quantitatively gives the local oxygen content and blood content.

Step s50 , the video acquisition step, collects the tissue optical image of the inner surface of the nasopharynx through the camera 9 , and converts the video signal 12 into a digital signal 15 .

In step s60, the imaging step is realized by the graphical programming tool labview software, and the image optimization is realized by the image enhancement function.

Step s70, blood oxygen content distribution map and quantitative calculation of blood content and oxygen content. The system needs further calibration, combined with invasive methods, and independently deduces more accurate calculation formulas based on the improved Lambert-Beer law and absorbance summation law; more accurate calibration formulas and coefficients are obtained through regression analysis; software The spectrum of the cerebral blood oxygen signal needs to be analyzed.

In the aforementioned nasopharyngeal cavity blood oxygen saturation imaging method, an infrared digitizer 5 is used to locate the nasopharyngeal cavity of a person, a camera 9 collects an optical image of the tissue, and a video image is provided. Accurate imaging of the full depth of soft tissue improves the accuracy of detection. However, the traditional nasopharyngeal endoscope adopts optical imaging method, which can only observe the color, luster and shape information of the inner wall of the nasopharynx, or the information of 2 mm below the surface; Avoid pain.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. an external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:

1) it is scanned position with the nasopharynx cavity of infrared digital instrument location people；

2) light comes from and external focus on the nasopharynx cavity of people through bone and muscle and be scanned position and carry out consecutive tracking, uses double wave Long near infrared light has interlocked the scanning of position point；

3) the black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD with light source synchronous obtains after collecting cavum nasopharyngeum soma entirety or partial sweep Optical signal, is simultaneously converted into digital electric signal；

4) view data captured by CCD in data collecting card acquisition step 3；

5) view data in step 4 is processed by image processing system；

6) diagnostic message of both image output and pathology.

2. according to the external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method of the one described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: Step 1 middle infrared (Mid-IR) digitizer is optical navigation system, and the foundation utilizing mark in cavum nasopharyngeum to carry out coordinate-system comes three-dimensional Location.

External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2 The scan mode of middle multi-angle is to cavum nasopharyngeum soma focal imaging；The sweep limits upper bound is corpora ossis sphenoidalis, and lower bound is soft palate, sweeps Retouching angle is centered by cavum nasopharyngeum, 180 degree of rotations, reproduces the Svo2 distribution of cavum nasopharyngeum soma；Nasopharynx part Tissue is epithelial tissue from outside to inside, basement membrane, lamina propria, tela submucosa and muscle layer.

External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2 In the LED dual wavelength near infrared light of LED and 850nm that light source is specific 760nm；The LED of LED and 850nm of 760nm Each 8, the light source of two kinds of wavelength 4 × 4 staggered arrays of composition, control system control they continuous illumination time and The most luminous frequency.

External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2 In light source front end Single wavelength optical-filter switcher is set, Single wavelength optical-filter switcher has two circular hole windows, be respectively The window that 760nm wavelength passes through, a window passed through for 850nm wavelength, the light of 760nm and 850nm successively appears optical filter Irradiate sample.

External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that；Step 3 Middle black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD collection is the scattered light of reflection, synchronize to receive the sample signal that excites of 760nm wavelength and The sample signal that 850nm wavelength excites, completes Single wavelength shooting；Therefore, CCD and light source homonymy, distance between the two is by visiting Depth measurement degree determines.

External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4 Middle data collecting card labview software completes digital signal acquiring, and distortionless the view data collected is transferred to Image processing system.

External cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 5 Middle image processing system Labview software carries out blood oxygen saturation according to blood oxygen imaging algorithm to the digital signal in step 4 Calculating, obtain the scattergram of oxygen content and containing blood volume and the quantitative value of oxygen content.

9. according to the external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation formation method described in claim 8, it is characterised in that: satisfied by blood oxygen With degree computing formula calibration healthy individuals cavum nasopharyngeum blood oxygen level, obtain more accurate check formula by regression analysis and be Number.

10. an external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation imaging device, it is characterised in that: include that light source part, image are adopted Collecting system, control system and oxygen content imaging system；

Described light source part includes: for positioning the infrared digital position finder of the cavum nasopharyngeum body region of people, being placed in position finder The dual wavelength near-infrared light source of front end and the synchronization Single wavelength optical-filter switcher of placement light source front end；It is placed in position finder front end Dual wavelength near-infrared light source and the same focus of position finder；Place and have two on the synchronization Single wavelength optical-filter switcher of light source front end Circular hole, double-wavelength light source is from different circular hole outgoing, the nasopharynx cavity that scanning is positioned；

Described image capturing system includes black and white high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD video camera and data collecting card；Black and white high sensitivity is the reddest Outer CCD and light source homonymy, have angle, and both distances are determined by investigation depth, are used for gathering dual wavelength near infrared light and excite group The scattered light knitted, and complete opto-electronic conversion；Data acquisition is placed in CCD rear end, gathers digital signal and the numeral collected Signal is transferred to image processing system；

Described control system is mainly made up of single-chip microcomputer and relay, Single-chip Controlling relay, holding of Control light source Continuous fluorescent lifetime and the switching time of Single wavelength wave filter；Single-chip microcomputer Synchronization Control light source and image capturing system, control black and white The scattered light that high sensitivity Near Infrared CCD energy sync pulse jamming excites to Single wavelength each time；Single-chip microcomputer and light source and CCD wire or Data wire is connected；

Described oxygen content imaging system includes the Image Intensified System of oxygen content and blood oxygen imaging and assistant diagnosis system.

11. one according to claim 10 external cavum nasopharyngeum vena systemica blood oxygen saturation imaging device, it is characterised in that Blood oxygen imaging system is Based PC platform, generates image at Labview software blood oxygen imaging algorithm and completes blood oxygen saturation Quantitative analysis.