CN106068899A - A kind of have rotate forward conveying reversion move back grass function united reaper delivery chute - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a conveying trough of a combine harvester with the function of forward-rotation conveying and reverse-reversing weed removal, which includes a conveying trough housing, a chain rake, a supporting plate, transmission and tensioning. The power between the power output shaft of the machine threshing drum and the power input shaft of the conveying trough is cut off and connected, and the power is transmitted by means of constant meshing of bevel gears in the forward and reverse transmission box. The driver pulls the handle on the driving console to control the positive and negative The reversing operation of the power connection shaft in the reversing transmission box simplifies the transmission system of the forward and reverse conveying trough of the combine harvester, can quickly solve the problem of grass blocking inside the conveying trough, and reduce the weed blocking of the conveying trough during the harvesting of the combine harvester The difficulty of troubleshooting, the invention has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, and can greatly improve the efficiency and safety of the conveying trough when applied to a combine harvester.

Description

A conveying trough for a combine harvester with the function of forward-rotating conveying and reverse-reversing grass removal

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of a rice and wheat conveying trough device on a combine harvester, in particular to a combine harvester conveying trough with the function of forward rotation, reverse rotation and reverse weed removal, which can be widely used in high-performance harvesting of rice and wheat.

Background technique

Most of the conveying troughs of the existing domestic and foreign combine harvesters with the function of forward-rotating grass feeding and reverse-reversing grass-removing are provided with a forward clutch and a reverse clutch on the transmission input shaft, for example, the invention patent of application number 201110037073.4 (combined harvester) A bevel gear transmission box is designed, and the box input shaft is protruded on the left and right sides of the transmission box. The direction of the two box input shafts is opposite. The box input shaft in the reverse direction is linked with the harvesting input shaft to transmit the driving force in the forward and reverse directions, realizing the function of the combine harvester conveying trough forwardly rotating grass to transport grass and reversely returning grass, but the arrangement of two power transmission routes makes The structure is more complex, the forward and reverse clutches and the input shafts of the forward and reverse boxes work alternately, and the probability of failure increases; Chinese patent CN201420466525. The transmission shaft is equipped with a reverse gear box mechanism, including the transmission gear set on the main drive shaft of the conveying trough, the transition shaft, and the shift fork and sliding gear set on the transition shaft. The reverse gear box mechanism is moved by the shift fork The sliding gear on the transition shaft meshes with the transmission gear on the main drive shaft of the conveying trough, changing the direction of the main drive shaft of the conveying trough, and realizes the function of the combine harvester conveying trough forward and reverse grass delivery, but also uses the conveying Two sets of tensioning devices are installed between the main drive shaft of the trough and the threshing drum shaft. The structure is complex and the probability of failure increases. The phenomenon of tooth skipping makes the power transmission unstable; the driver needs to get off the car and turn the shift fork to change direction, and the efficiency is low. If only one set of tensioning wheel mechanism is used to cut off and connect the power, and the gears are constantly meshed to transmit power, and the driver pulls the handle on the driving console to perform the reversing operation, then the conveying trough will be realized on the combine harvester. The reversing mechanism will be greatly reduced, and the transmission system of the combine will be simplified, which is more conducive to the structural improvement and functional improvement of the conveying trough with the function of forward rotation grass feeding and reverse rotation grass removal on the combine harvester, and the driver's operation is easier , the failure rate is greatly reduced.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to cut off and connect the power between the power output shaft of the combine harvester threshing drum and the power input shaft of the conveying trough through a set of tensioning wheel mechanism, and adopt the bevel gear in the forward and reverse transmission box The power is transmitted in the way of constant meshing, and the driver pulls the handle on the driving console to control the reversing operation of the power connection shaft in the forward and reverse transmission box. The transmission system of the forward and reverse conveying trough of the harvester can quickly solve the problem of weed blocking inside the conveying trough, and reduce the difficulty of troubleshooting the weed blocking in the conveying trough during the harvest of the combine harvester. The machine can greatly improve the efficiency and safety of the conveying trough.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A conveying trough for a combine harvester with the function of forward-rotating conveying and reverse-reversing weed removal, including a chain rake, a transmission and tensioning device, a forward-reversing transmission box, a header feeding device, a threshing device and a driver;

The output end of the header feeding device is connected to the input end of the chain rake; the output end of the chain rake is connected to the input end of the transmission and tensioning device; the output end of the transmission and tensioning device is connected to the input end of the forward and reverse transmission box; The output end of the forward and reverse transmission box is connected with the threshing device;

The chain rake includes a conveyor sprocket, rake teeth and a conveyor chain; the conveyor sprocket includes a conveyor sprocket A, a conveyor sprocket B, a conveyor sprocket C, and a conveyor sprocket D; the conveyor sprocket A and the conveyor chain Wheel B is close to the header feeding device; the conveying sprocket C and conveying sprocket D are close to the threshing device; rake teeth are evenly distributed on the conveying chain; the conveying chain is longitudinally distributed, and the number is 2, and the conveying chain The chain meshes with the conveyor sprocket;

The transmission and tensioning device includes a conveying trough power input shaft, a conveying trough power output shaft and a transmission sprocket; the conveying trough power output shaft is close to the header feeding device, and a conveying sprocket is installed on the conveying trough power output shaft A. Conveying sprocket B; the power input shaft of the conveying trough is installed in the hole opened on the side wall of the forward and reverse transmission box; one end of the power input shaft of the conveying trough protrudes from the shaft end of the side wall of the forward and reverse transmission box Drive sprocket, conveying sprocket C and conveying sprocket D are installed;

The forward and reverse transmission box includes a second pulley, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear, a power connection shaft, a shift fork, and a forward and reverse transmission box body;

The first bevel gear is located on the inner left side of the forward and reverse transmission box, and is coaxially welded with the second pulley, and is vacantly sleeved on the power input shaft of the conveying trough through a needle bearing, and the shaft end of the power input shaft of the conveying trough passes through Bolt-connected bearing cover is fixed, and the inner hole of the first bevel gear is provided with an inner spline;

The second bevel gear is located on the inner lower side of the forward and reverse transmission box, and meshes with the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear. There is an inner hole in the middle of the second bevel gear, and the forward and reverse transmission is carried out through the ball bearing sleeve. On the support shaft set on the box under the box, the ball bearing is fixed by the circlip A;

The third bevel gear is located on the inner right side of the forward and reverse transmission box, meshes with the second bevel gear, and is vacantly sleeved on the power input shaft of the conveying trough through the needle roller bearing (left), and the needle roller bearing (left) passes through The circlip B is fixed, and the inner hole of the third bevel gear is provided with an inner spline;

Orthogonal transmission of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the axis intersection angle is 90 degrees; the orthogonal transmission of the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear, the axis intersection angle is 90 degrees, and the axes of the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear coincide;

The power connection shaft is located inside the forward and reverse transmission box, installed on the power input shaft of the conveying trough, and placed between the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear, and the axis of the power connection shaft is provided with an inner flower The key is connected to the external spline A on the power input shaft of the conveying trough for transmission. The power connecting shaft can slide axially on the power input shaft of the conveying trough. There is a shift fork groove in the middle of the power connecting shaft. There is an external spline B on the circle;

The shift fork is stuck in the shift fork groove in the middle of the power connection shaft, the shift fork is fixed on the upper half shaft of the power connection shaft by a positioning pin, and the upper end of the shift fork is also provided with two connection ears;

The forward and reverse transmission box body includes an upper box body of the transmission box and a lower box body of the transmission box. The upper box body of the transmission box and the lower box body of the transmission box are detachably connected. The upper box body of the transmission box is provided with an opening hole. The joystick toggle rod passes through the opening hole and is hinged with the two connecting ears on the upper end of the shift fork.

Further, the second pulley is located on the outside of the forward and reverse transmission box and is connected to the first pulley on the threshing drum through a belt; a tensioning pulley is provided between the first pulley and the second pulley, and the tensioning The wheel is relatively rotatably mounted on one end of the swing arm, and the other end of the swing arm is horizontally installed on the frame through a torsion spring, and the middle part of the swing arm is linked with the tension control lever of the driver's department through an inner cable.

Further, the thickness of the two connecting ears on the upper end of the shift fork is 3-5 mm, the width is 5-10 mm, the diameter of the shift fork connection hole is 3-6 mm, the total height of the shift fork is 30-50 mm, the shaft of the shift fork connection hole The center is perpendicular to the axis of the inner hole.

Further, the internal splines provided in the inner holes of the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear are N=6~10, B=3~6, and the depth of the inner spline hole is 20~40mm. The first bevel gear, the third bevel gear The distance between the small end and the face of the bevel gear is 50-80mm, the inner hole diameter of the second bevel gear is 30-50mm, and the hole depth is 15-30mm; the total length of the power connecting shaft is 50-80mm, External splines N=6~10, B=3~6mm, each length is 20~40mm, the external splines at the shaft end are at right angles 3~5mm, and the inner splines at the shaft center are N=6~8, B=5 ~10mm, the internal splines of the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear run through the power connection shaft; where, N-key number; B-key width.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The positive and negative transmission box mechanism with three bevel gears in constant mesh mode is used to transmit power through the connection between the external spline of the power connection shaft and the internal spline of the bevel gear, so that the power transmission is more stable and there will be no gear slippage The phenomenon of tooth jumping during the time, and cut off and connect the power between the power output shaft of the threshing drum of the combine harvester and the power input shaft of the conveying trough through a set of tensioning wheel mechanism. The transmission system of the conveying trough reduces the difficulty of troubleshooting the weed blocking of the conveying trough during the harvesting of the combine harvester.

(2) When grass is blocked inside the conveying trough, the driver does not need to get off the machine, and the driver pulls the handle on the console of the cab to control the power cut-off and switching between the power output shaft of the threshing drum of the combine harvester and the power input shaft of the conveying trough. connection, and control the reversing operation of the power connection shaft in the forward and reverse transmission box, the invention can quickly solve the problem of grass blocking inside the conveying trough, and is easy to operate, and can greatly improve the efficiency and safety of the conveying trough when applied to combine harvesters sex.

(3) The present invention is suitable for conveying troughs of multiple combine harvesters such as wheat, soybean, rice, and rapeseed, and has high adaptability, and the forward and reverse transmission box body, tensioning and reversing devices have high Versatility and replaceability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall side view of combine harvester;

Fig. 2 is the overall top view of the combine harvester;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the overall top view of the combine harvester;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of tensioning and operating mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the forward and reverse transmission box;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the joystick of the forward and reverse transmission box;

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the reversing positioning plate of the joystick of the forward and reverse transmission box.

In the figure, 1. conveyor trough shell, 101. outer plate, 2. chain rake, 201. conveyor sprocket, 202. rake teeth, 203. conveyor chain, 3. supporting plate, 4. transmission and tensioning, 401. Conveying trough power input shaft, 402. Conveying trough power output shaft, 403. Transmission sprocket, 5. Forward and reverse transmission box, 501. Second pulley, 502. First bevel gear, 503. Second bevel gear, 504. The third bevel gear, 505. power connection shaft, 506. shift fork, 507. forward and reverse transmission box body, 507A. forward and reverse transmission box upper box, 507B. forward and reverse transmission box lower box, 508A. Needle roller bearing (left), 508B. Needle roller bearing (right), 509. Ball bearing, 5010. Bolted bearing cover, 5011. Support shaft, 6. Header feeding device, 601. Reel, 602. Header, 603. Auger, 7. Threshing device, 701. Threshing drum, 702. First pulley, 703. Belt, 704. Threshing drum power output shaft, 8. Tensioning device, 801. Tensioning pulley, 802. Swing arm, 803. Torsion spring, 804. Inner cable, 9. Driving part, 901. Tension control lever, 902. Forward and reverse control lever, 9021. Control lever limit shaft, 903. Reversing positioning plate, 10 .frame.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a combine harvester conveying trough with the function of forward-rotating conveying and reverse-reversing weed removal includes a conveying trough housing 1, a chain rake 2, a supporting plate 3, a transmission and a tensioning 4; the conveying The input end of the trough housing 1 is connected to the feeding port of the header feeding device 6 of the combine harvester, and the output end is connected to the feeding port of the threshing device 7 of the combine harvester; the chain rake 2 includes a power input shaft 401 and a The conveying sprocket 201 on the power output shaft 402 of the conveying trough is meshed with the circular conveying chain 203 with rake teeth 202 on the conveying sprocket 201, and the rake teeth 202 are evenly distributed on the conveying chain 203; the supporting plate 3 is installed on the conveying The middle of the two endless conveyor chains 203 inside the groove supports the load bearing of the two endless conveyor chains 203; the transmission and tensioning 4 include the power input shaft 401 of the conveyor groove, the power output shaft 402 of the conveyor groove, the transmission sprocket 403, the positive The reverse transmission box 5; the transmission sprocket 403 is installed on the output end of the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough, and the forward and reverse transmission box 5 is installed on the input end of the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough, close to the outer plate of the conveying trough housing 1 101.

As shown in Figure 4, the second pulley 501 on the outside of the positive and negative transmission box body 507 is connected to the first pulley 702 on the threshing drum 701 through a belt 703; the belt 703 is attached between the first pulley 702 and the second pulley 501 A tensioning wheel 801 is provided, and the tensioning wheel 801 is relatively rotatably installed on one end of the swing arm 802. The other end of the swing arm is horizontally installed on the frame 10 through a torsion spring 803. 9 tension control lever 901 linkage;

As shown in Figure 5, the positive and negative transmission box 5 includes a second pulley 501, a first bevel gear 502, a second bevel gear 503, a third bevel gear 504, a power connection shaft 505, a shift fork 506, and a positive and negative transmission box Box 507; the second pulley 501 is located on the outside of the forward and reverse transmission box body 507, and is installed on the input end of the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough; the first bevel gear 502 is located on the inner left side of the forward and reverse transmission box body 507 , is coaxially welded with the second pulley 501, and is vacantly sleeved on the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough through the needle roller bearing (left) 508A, and the shaft end is fixed by a bolt-connected bearing cover 5010, and the inner hole of the first bevel gear 502 is set There are internal splines; the second bevel gear 503 is located on the inner lower side of the forward and reverse transmission box body 507, and meshes with the first and third bevel gears 502 and 504. There is an inner hole in the middle of the second bevel gear 503, through which the ball bearing 509 empty sets on the support shaft 5011 of the lower box body 507B of the positive and negative transmission box, and the ball bearing 509 is fixed by the jumper A; The bevel gear 503 meshes, and the needle roller bearing (right) 508B is vacantly sleeved on the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough, and the needle roller bearing (right) 508B is fixed by the circlip B, and the inner hole of the third bevel gear 504 is provided with an inner spline ; The first and second bevel gears 502 and 503 are orthogonally driven, and the shaft angle is 90 degrees; the second and third bevel gears 503 and 504 are orthogonally driven, and the shaft angle is 90 degrees; The power connection shaft 505 is located inside the forward and reverse transmission box body 507, and is installed on the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough, between the first and third bevel gears 502 and 504, the axis of the power connection shaft 505 is provided with an inner flower The key is connected with the external spline on the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough for transmission. The power connecting shaft 505 can slide axially on the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough. There is an external spline on the circle; the shift fork 506 is stuck in the shift fork groove in the middle of the power connection shaft 505, and is fixed on the upper half shaft of the power connection shaft 505 by a positioning pin, and the upper end of the shift fork 506 is also provided with two connection ears. The forward and reverse transmission box body 507 includes the upper box body 507A of the transmission box and the lower box body 507B of the transmission box, the upper box body 507A of the transmission box and the lower box body 507B of the transmission box are connected by bolts, and the upper box body 507A of the transmission box is provided with an opening hole, the forward and reverse control lever 902 of the driving part 9 passes through the opening hole and is hinged with the two connecting ears on the upper end of the shift fork 506, and the lower box body 507B of the transmission box is provided with a support shaft 5011 for installing the second bevel gear 503;

For the above-mentioned combine harvester conveying trough with the function of forward and reverse conveying and reversing grass removal, the length of the forward and reverse transmission box 507 is 150-200mm, the width is 110-150mm, the height is 110-150mm, and the wall thickness is 3-20mm. 5mm, the distance between the inner wall of the box body 507 and the large end faces of the first, second and third bevel gears 502, 503 and 504 is not less than 5mm; the diameter of the addendum circles of the first and third bevel gears 502 and 504 is 80-100mm, The tooth width is 20-40mm, the diameter of the addendum circle of the second bevel gear 503 is 100-130mm, the tooth width is 20-40mm, and the precision of the bevel gear is 6-8; The shaft 401 is interference fit, the outer ring is in transition fit with the inner holes of the first and third bevel gears 502 and 504, the inner ring of the ball bearing 509 is in interference fit with the lower box body 507B of the reversing transmission box 5011, and the outer ring is in the second Bevel gear 503 inner hole transition fit, bearing grade P0; first and third bevel gears 502, 504 are equipped with inner splines N=6~10, B=3~6, inner spline hole depth 20~40mm , the distance between the small ends of the first and third bevel gears 502 and 504 is 50-80 mm, the diameter of the inner hole of the second bevel gear 503 is 30-50 mm, and the hole depth is 15-30 mm; the total length of the power connecting shaft 505 is 50-80 mm, and the middle The width of the shift fork groove is 5-10mm, and the external splines N=6-10, B=3-6mm on the outer circles at both ends are each 20-40mm in length, and the external splines at the shaft end are at right angles of 3-5mm. The inner spline N=6~8, B=5~10mm provided on the shaft center, the inner spline runs through the power connecting shaft 505; the shift fork 506 is stuck in the shift fork groove, the inner diameter of the shift fork is 30~40mm, the width The thickness of the two connection ears on the upper end of the shift fork 506 is 3-5mm, the width is 5-10mm, the diameter of the connection hole is 3-6mm, the total height of the shift fork 506 is 30-50mm, the axis of the connection hole is in line with The axis of the inner hole is vertical.

As shown in Figures 6-7, there is a limit shaft 9021 at the lower end of the handle of the forward and reverse joystick 902, and the limit shaft 9021 is stuck in the two guide grooves a or b on the reversing positioning plate 903 for fixing the forward and reverse Turn the position of the joystick 902, when the combine harvester is doing normal harvesting operations, the positive and negative joystick limit shaft 9021 is stuck in the position a of the reversing positioning plate 903; The operator needs to lift the positive and negative control lever 902 upwards, so that the limit shaft 9021 is stuck at the b position of the reversing positioning plate 903.

The specific implementation process is further explained:

The specific implementation process of harvesting rice or wheat in a combine harvester conveying trough with the function of forward rotation, reverse rotation and reverse grass removal is that when the combine harvester is doing normal harvesting operations, the tension control lever 901 is in the "joint" position, and the forward and reverse The limit shaft 9021 of the control lever is located at position a of the reversing positioning plate 903, the outer spline on the left outer circle of the power connection shaft 505 is connected with the inner spline in the inner hole of the first bevel gear 502, and the driving force is provided by the power of the threshing drum. The first pulley 702 on the output shaft 704 is passed into the second pulley 501 on the outside of the forward and reverse transmission box 5 through the belt 703, and the second pulley 501 drives the first bevel gear 502 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 502 passes through the internal flower in the inner hole. The key drives the power connecting shaft 505 to rotate, and finally the positive rotation power is delivered to the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough, and the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough drives the forward transmission of the conveying sprocket 201 and the conveying chain 203, and the rice or wheat that is cut is driven by the dial The grain wheel 601 dials into the header 602, and then the auger 603 feeds the input end of the conveying trough housing 1, and the two circular conveyor chain wheels 201 driven by the conveying trough power input shaft 401 and the conveying trough power output shaft 402 Under the action of the conveying chain 203, the cut rice or wheat moves up and down with the rake teeth 202 on the conveying chain 203, and is lifted to the feeding port of the threshing device 7 of the combine harvester, and the threshing operation is carried out by the threshing drum 701, and the threshing operation is completed. The conveying trough is forward-rotating and conveying; when the grass is blocked inside the conveying trough of the combine harvester, the cut rice or wheat is fed into the input end of the conveying trough shell 1 by the auger 603, and the conveying trough was previously conveyed in paddy or wheat blockage, the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough cannot continue to drive the conveying sprocket 201 and the conveying chain 203 to work, so it is impossible to realize that the cut rice or wheat moves from bottom to top with the rake teeth 202 on the conveying chain 203 The threshing drum 701 performs the threshing operation, and the conveying trough forward rotation conveying function cannot be realized; at this time, the driver stops the car and releases the tightened tension control lever 901, the tension control lever 901 is in the position of "disengagement", and the operation cable The inner cable 804 is loosened, and the tensioning wheel 801 is in a horizontal position along with the swing arm 802 under the action of the torsion spring 803, so as to release the pressing of the tensioning wheel 801 on the belt 703, and the belt 703 becomes a relaxed state, disconnecting the combined harvester. The power transmission of the machine threshing drum power output shaft 704 to the conveying trough power input shaft 401; the driver lifts the forward and reverse joystick 902 upwards, so that the joystick limit shaft 9021 is located at the b position of the reversing positioning plate 903, and the forward and reverse transmission The shift fork 506 in the box 5 drives the power connection shaft 505 to slide to the right under the action of the forward and reverse control lever 902, and the outer spline on the right outer circle of the power connection shaft 505 and the inner spline in the inner hole of the third bevel gear 504 Keyed connection; tighten the loose tension lever 901, the tension lever 901 is in the "engaged" position, the inner cable 804 of the operating cable is stretched, and the tension wheel overcomes under the tension of the inner cable 804 The torque of the torsion spring 803, with the swing arm 802 in the downwardly inclined position, The tension pulley 801 presses the belt 703, and the belt 703 becomes tensioned, and the driving force is transmitted from the first pulley 702 on the power output shaft 704 of the threshing drum to the second pulley 501 on the outside of the forward and reverse transmission box 5 through the belt 703 , the second pulley 501 drives the first bevel gear 502 to rotate, the first bevel gear 502 drives the second bevel gear 503 to rotate, the second bevel gear 503 drives the third bevel gear 504 to rotate, and the third bevel gear 504 passes through the spline in the inner hole Drive the power connecting shaft 505 to rotate, and finally transfer the reverse power to the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough, and the power input shaft 401 of the conveying trough drives the conveying sprocket 201 and the conveying chain 203 to drive in reverse, and the rice or wheat blocked in the conveying trough Exit to complete the function of conveying trough reversing and returning grass.

The described embodiment is a preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, without departing from the essence of the present invention, any obvious improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make Modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A combine harvester conveying trough with the function of forward rotation conveying and reverse grass removal, characterized in that: it comprises a chain rake (2), a transmission and a tensioning device (4); the chain rake (2) comprises a transmission and tensioning device (4); The forward and reverse transmission box (5) includes a second pulley (501), a first bevel gear (502), a second bevel gear (503), a third bevel gear (504), a power connection shaft (505), a dial Fork (506), positive and negative transmission box body (507); The first bevel gear (502) is located on the left side of the forward and reverse transmission box (507), coaxially welded to the second pulley (501), and is driven by the needle roller bearing (508A) in the conveying trough. On the input shaft (401), the shaft end of the power input shaft of the conveying trough is fixed by a bolt-connected bearing cover (5010), and the inner hole of the first bevel gear (502) is provided with an inner spline; The second bevel gear (503) is located on the inner lower side of the forward and reverse transmission box (507), meshes with the first bevel gear (502) and the third bevel gear (504), and the second bevel gear (503) There is an inner hole in the middle, and the ball bearing (509) is sleeved on the support shaft (5011) provided on the lower box body (507B) of the reversing transmission box (507B), and the ball bearing (509) is fixed by the circlip A; The third bevel gear (504) is located on the inner right side of the forward and reverse transmission box (507), meshes with the second bevel gear (503), and is vacantly sleeved on the transmission and tensioning device through the needle bearing (508B). (4) On the delivery trough power input shaft (401), the needle roller bearing (508B) is fixed by the circlip B, and the inner hole of the third bevel gear (504) is provided with an inner spline; The first bevel gear (502) and the second bevel gear (503) are orthogonally driven, and the shaft angle is 90 degrees. The second bevel gear (503) and the third bevel gear (504) are orthogonally driven, and the shaft angle is 90 degrees. The axes of the bevel gear (502) and the third bevel gear (504) coincide; The power connection shaft (505) is located inside the forward and reverse transmission box body (507), installed on the power input shaft (401) of the transmission and tension device (4), and placed on the first cone Between the gear (502) and the third bevel gear (504), the shaft center of the power connection shaft (505) is provided with internal splines, which are connected with the transmission and tensioning device (4) on the delivery groove power input shaft (401). The external spline A is connected to the transmission, and the power connection shaft (505) can slide axially on the power input shaft (401) of the conveying trough. There is a shift fork groove in the middle of the power connection shaft (505). There is an external spline B on the outer circle of the end; The shift fork (506) is stuck in the shift fork groove in the middle of the power connection shaft (505), the shift fork (506) is fixed on the upper half shaft of the power connection shaft (505) by a positioning pin, and the upper end of the shift fork (506) There are also two connecting ears; The forward and reverse transmission box body (507) includes a transmission box upper box body (507A) and a transmission box lower box body (507B), and the transmission box upper box body (507A) and the transmission box lower box body (507B) are detachable To connect, the upper casing (507A) of the transmission box is provided with holes. 2. The combine harvester trough with the function of forward rotation conveying and reverse grass removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, the two connecting ears at the upper end of the shift fork (506) have a thickness of 3 to 5 mm and a width of 5-10mm, the diameter of the connecting hole of the shift fork (506) is 3-6mm, the total height of the shift fork (506) is 30-50mm, and the axis of the connecting hole of the shift fork (506) is perpendicular to the axis of the inner hole. 3. The combine harvester transport trough with the function of forward rotation conveying and reverse grass removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inner holes of the first bevel gear (502) and the third bevel gear (504) are provided with The internal spline N=6～10, B=3～6, the depth of the internal spline hole is 20～40mm, the distance between the small end of the first bevel gear (502) and the third bevel gear (504) is 50～80mm, The diameter of the inner hole of the second bevel gear (503) is 30-50mm, and the hole depth is 15-30mm; the total length of the power connection shaft (505) is 50-80mm, and the outer splines N=6 are arranged on the outer circles at both ends ~10, B=3~6mm, each length is 20~40mm, the external spline at the shaft end is at a right angle of 3~5mm, the inner spline N=6~8 at the shaft center, B=5~10mm, the first taper The internal splines of the gear (502) and the third bevel gear (504) run through the power connection shaft (505); wherein, N-key number; B-key width.