CN106050579A - Composite barrel-shaped base of offshore wind driven generator, combined power generating structure using base and construction method for combined power generating structure - Google Patents
Composite barrel-shaped base of offshore wind driven generator, combined power generating structure using base and construction method for combined power generating structure Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
- E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
- E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2210/00—Working fluid
- F05B2210/18—Air and water being simultaneously used as working fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，包括地基和设置在地基外侧的筒裙，在地基的顶部设置反弧形过渡段，所述反弧形过渡段的横截面宽度自底部至顶部逐渐缩小，在反弧形过渡段的顶部安装基础法兰盘，本发明还公开了一种风能‑波浪能‑潮流能组合发电结构，在复合筒型基础的顶部安装风力发电机，在复合筒型基础的基础法兰盘上安装波浪能发电装置，在复合筒型基础的反弧形过渡段上套设潮流能发电装置。本发明所公开的风能‑波浪能‑潮流能组合发电结构，充分利用复合筒型基础的结构、体型特点，将风能开发与波浪能、潮流能开发集成一体，使三者共享复合筒型基础支撑结构和电力传输系统，从而有效降低了开发成本，对促进海上风能、波浪能、潮流能的商业化应用具有重要的意义。
The invention discloses a composite cylindrical foundation for an offshore wind power generator, which includes a foundation and a skirt arranged outside the foundation, and an inverse arc-shaped transition section is arranged on the top of the foundation, and the cross-sectional width of the inverse-arc transition section starts at The top gradually shrinks, and the foundation flange is installed on the top of the anti-arc transition section. The invention also discloses a wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure. A wind generator is installed on the top of the composite cylindrical foundation. A wave energy generating device is installed on the foundation flange of the composite cylindrical foundation, and a tidal current energy generating device is set on the anti-arc transition section of the composite cylindrical foundation. The wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure disclosed in the present invention makes full use of the structure and shape characteristics of the composite cylindrical foundation, integrates wind energy development, wave energy, and tidal current energy development, and makes the three share the support of the composite cylindrical foundation Structure and power transmission system, thus effectively reducing the development cost, is of great significance to promote the commercial application of offshore wind energy, wave energy, and tidal current energy.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及可再生能源利用领域，具体的说涉及该领域内的一种海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础和使用该基础的组合发电结构及其施工方法。The invention relates to the field of renewable energy utilization, in particular to a composite cylindrical foundation of an offshore wind power generator in the field, a combined power generation structure using the foundation and a construction method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
21世纪被称为海洋的世纪，面对世界人口急剧膨胀、陆上资源日渐枯竭、环境条件不断恶化这三大问题，人类只能将未来发展的希望寄托于尚未得到充分开发的海洋中。在全球节能减排的大背景下，风能、波浪能、潮流能等清洁海洋能源的使用是必然的发展方向。我国近海风能蕴藏量88300万千瓦，技术可开发量57034万千瓦；波浪能蕴藏量1600万千瓦，技术可开发量1471万千瓦；潮流能蕴藏量833万千瓦，技术可开发量166万千瓦。巨大的海洋可再生能源潜力为我国海洋可再生能源的开发提供了基础，沿海地区更靠近我国经济中心，开发利用市场前景良好，因此，海上风能、波浪能、潮流能的商业化应用必将迎来巨大发展。The 21st century is called the century of the ocean. Faced with the three major problems of rapid expansion of world population, depletion of land resources, and deteriorating environmental conditions, human beings can only pin their hopes for future development on the underdeveloped ocean. In the context of global energy conservation and emission reduction, the use of clean ocean energy such as wind energy, wave energy, and tidal current energy is an inevitable development direction. my country's offshore wind energy reserves are 883 million kilowatts, and the technically exploitable capacity is 570.34 million kilowatts; the wave energy reserves are 16 million kilowatts, and the technologically exploitable capacity is 14.71 million kilowatts; the tidal current energy reserves are 8.33 million kilowatts, and the technologically exploitable capacity is 1.66 million kilowatts. The huge potential of marine renewable energy provides a basis for the development of marine renewable energy in my country. The coastal areas are closer to the economic center of our country, and the development and utilization market prospects are good. Therefore, the commercial application of offshore wind energy, wave energy, and tidal current energy will surely welcome to great development.
现有技术中，波浪能捕能装置分为振荡水柱（OWC）型、越浪型、机械液压（振荡体）型三种形式，潮流能发电机主要分水平轴和竖直轴两种，波浪能和潮流能多种利用方式的研究都取得了长足进步。但相对于海上风力发电，波浪能和潮流能装置的支撑结构基础投资比较大、施工成本高，转化效率不高，单位功率投资巨大，单位发电成本居高不下，这在一定程度上限制了两种能源的商业化应用。In the prior art, wave energy harvesting devices are divided into three types: oscillating water column (OWC) type, over-wave type, and mechanical hydraulic (oscillating body) type. Tidal current energy generators are mainly divided into two types: horizontal axis and vertical axis. Research on the various ways in which energy and flow energy can be exploited has made great strides. However, compared with offshore wind power generation, wave energy and tidal current energy devices require relatively large investment in support structures, high construction costs, low conversion efficiency, huge unit power investment, and high unit power generation costs, which to a certain extent limit both commercial application of energy.
公开号为103967714A的中国发明专利申请虽然公开了一种基于单桩平台的风能—波浪能——潮流能集成发电结构，但是该结构需要在海上施工，时间长难度大。此外将波浪能发电装置和潮流能发电装置安装至单桩平台上，不但无法调整潮流能发电装置的发电机水平轴使之与来流方向一致，而且单桩平台导流效果不明显，潮流流速较低的海域无法有效利用潮流能。因此，这种集成发电结构不利于对潮流能和波浪能的利用。Although the Chinese invention patent application with publication number 103967714A discloses a wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy integrated power generation structure based on a single pile platform, the structure needs to be constructed offshore, which takes a long time and is difficult. In addition, when the wave energy generation device and the tidal current energy generation device are installed on the monopile platform, not only cannot the horizontal axis of the generator of the tidal current energy generation device be adjusted to be consistent with the direction of the incoming flow, but also the flow diversion effect of the single pile platform is not obvious, and the tidal flow velocity Lower seas cannot efficiently utilize tidal current energy. Therefore, this integrated power generation structure is not conducive to the utilization of tidal current energy and wave energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题，就是提供一种海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，以便利用该基础构建风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构，此外，本发明还提供了上述组合发电结构的施工方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite cylindrical foundation for offshore wind power generators, so that the foundation can be used to build a wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure. In addition, the invention also provides the above-mentioned combined power generation structure. Construction method.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，包括地基和设置在地基外侧的筒裙，其改进之处在于：在地基的顶部设置反弧形过渡段，所述反弧形过渡段的横截面宽度自底部至顶部逐渐缩小，在反弧形过渡段的顶部安装基础法兰盘。A composite cylindrical foundation for an offshore wind power generator, including a foundation and a skirt arranged outside the foundation, the improvement of which is that an inverse arc-shaped transition section is arranged on the top of the foundation, and the cross-sectional width of the inverse-arc transition section is It gradually narrows from the bottom to the top, and the basic flange is installed on the top of the anti-arc transition section.
进一步的，所述反弧形过渡段的横截面形状为圆形。Further, the cross-sectional shape of the reverse arc-shaped transition section is circular.
进一步的，在反弧形过渡段的内部施加预应力钢绞线。Further, prestressed steel strands are applied inside the anti-arc transition section.
一种风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构，基于上述的海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，其改进之处在于：在复合筒型基础的顶部安装风力发电机，在复合筒型基础的基础法兰盘上安装波浪能发电装置，在复合筒型基础的反弧形过渡段上套设潮流能发电装置。A wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure, based on the above-mentioned composite cylindrical foundation of offshore wind power generators, the improvement is: the wind generator is installed on the top of the composite cylindrical foundation, and the composite cylindrical foundation A wave energy generating device is installed on the foundation flange, and a tidal current energy generating device is set on the anti-arc transition section of the composite cylindrical foundation.
进一步的，所述的风力发电机为MW级变速变桨海上风力发电机。Further, the wind power generator is a MW-level variable speed and pitch offshore wind power generator.
进一步的，所述的波浪能发电装置为组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置，各振荡浮子通过支撑结构与波浪能发电装置法兰盘连接，该波浪能发电装置法兰盘则与基础法兰盘相连接；各振荡浮子均配有一液压缸，所述的液压缸内置活塞结构，活塞结构伸出液压缸的部分与振荡浮子相连接，活塞结构在液压缸内的部分将液压缸分为上下两部分，液压缸的下部通过第一单向出流阀与液压缸外的液压马达相连接，液压马达则通过第一单向入流阀与液压缸的上部相通，此外，液压缸的上部还通过第二单向出流阀与液压缸外的液压马达相连接，液压马达则通过第二单向入流阀与液压缸的下部相通，液压马达与液压发电装置相连接。Further, the wave energy generating device is a combined oscillating buoy wave energy generating device, each oscillating float is connected to the flange of the wave energy generating device through a support structure, and the flange of the wave energy generating device is connected to the basic flange Each oscillating float is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder has a built-in piston structure. The part of the piston structure protruding from the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the oscillating float. The part of the piston structure inside the hydraulic cylinder divides the hydraulic cylinder into upper and lower parts. part, the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic motor outside the hydraulic cylinder through the first one-way outflow valve, and the hydraulic motor communicates with the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder through the first one-way inflow valve. In addition, the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder is also connected through the first The second one-way outflow valve is connected with the hydraulic motor outside the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic motor is connected with the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder through the second one-way inflow valve, and the hydraulic motor is connected with the hydraulic power generation device.
进一步的，所述振荡浮子的数量为4个；在液压马达和第一单向出流阀、第二单向出流阀之间均安装有储能器，在第一单向出流阀和第一单向入流阀之间以及第二单向出流阀与第二单向入流阀之间均安装有节流阀。Further, the number of the oscillating floats is 4; accumulators are installed between the hydraulic motor and the first one-way outflow valve and the second one-way outflow valve, between the first one-way outflow valve and the second one-way outflow valve Throttle valves are installed between the first one-way inflow valves and between the second one-way outflow valve and the second one-way inflow valve.
进一步的，所述的潮流能发电装置为水平轴潮流能发电机，发电机通过支撑结构与套筒结构相连接，套筒结构为反弧形，并且其横截面直径自底部至顶部逐渐缩小，该套筒结构可在套入复合筒型基础的反弧形过渡段后与之紧密贴合。Further, the tidal current energy generating device is a horizontal-axis tidal current energy generator, the generator is connected to the sleeve structure through a support structure, the sleeve structure is in an anti-arc shape, and its cross-sectional diameter gradually decreases from the bottom to the top, The sleeve structure can fit closely with the anti-arc transition section of the composite cylindrical foundation after being inserted into it.
进一步的，所述发电机的数量为2个，对称分布在套筒结构的两侧。Further, there are two generators, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sleeve structure.
一种风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构的施工方法，其改进之处在于，包括如下步骤：A construction method for a wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure, the improvement of which includes the following steps:
（1）进行组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置和潮流能发电装置的生产制造，同时在船坞中预制复合筒型基础；(1) Manufacture combined oscillating buoy wave energy generating devices and tidal current energy generating devices, and prefabricate composite cylindrical foundations in the dock;
（2）将复合筒型基础拖航到近岸组装场地，进行风力发电机及潮流能发电装置的组装；(2) Tow the composite cylindrical foundation to the offshore assembly site for assembly of wind turbines and tidal current energy generation devices;
（3）利用复合筒型基础的浮力将风力发电机和潮流能发电装置拖航到指定安装海域，并进行基础的负压沉放安装；(3) Use the buoyancy of the composite cylindrical foundation to tow the wind turbine and tidal current energy generation device to the designated installation sea area, and carry out the negative pressure sinking installation of the foundation;
（4）将组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置安装到复合筒型基础上，从而完成发电结构的施工。(4) Install the combined oscillating buoy wave power generation device on the composite cylindrical foundation to complete the construction of the power generation structure.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明所公开的海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，由钢筋、预应力筋、混凝土、钢板（用作分仓板）构成，体积巨大，防腐性能优良，安全性和稳定性好。反弧形过渡段有效地将风机塔架传递来的巨大的弯矩荷载通过弧形段逐步扩散，转化为有限的拉压应力，不仅使结构具有了良好的传力性能，避免了传统筒型基础严重的应力集中问题，而且在反弧形过渡段的内部施加预应力钢绞线，可承受较大荷载，力学性能稳定，不易开裂，为安装波浪能、潮流能发电装置提供了条件。The composite cylindrical foundation of the offshore wind power generator disclosed by the present invention is composed of steel bars, prestressed bars, concrete, and steel plates (used as compartment plates), and has a huge volume, excellent anti-corrosion performance, and good safety and stability. The anti-arc transition section effectively spreads the huge bending moment load transmitted by the wind turbine tower gradually through the arc section, and converts it into limited tensile and compressive stress, which not only makes the structure have good force transmission performance, but also avoids the traditional cylindrical shape. The foundation has serious stress concentration problems, and prestressed steel strands are applied inside the anti-arc transition section, which can withstand large loads, have stable mechanical properties, and are not easy to crack, providing conditions for the installation of wave energy and tidal current energy generation devices.
本发明所公开的风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构，充分利用复合筒型基础的结构、体型特点，将风能开发与波浪能、潮流能开发集成一体，使三者共享复合筒型基础支撑结构和电力传输系统，从而有效降低了开发成本，对促进海上风能、波浪能、潮流能的商业化应用具有重要的意义。复合筒型基础反弧段尺寸巨大，潮流经过复合筒型基础时，反弧形过渡段可提供导流罩的作用以增大反弧形过渡段两侧的潮流流速，为潮流流速较低海域有效利用潮流能提供了基础。反弧形过渡段是一种自下而上直径迅速减小的结构，相对于桩基础等直立式基础，波浪经过复合筒型基础时爬高现象明显，这也为波浪能发电装置的使用提供了便利。The wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combination power generation structure disclosed in the present invention fully utilizes the structure and shape characteristics of the composite cylindrical foundation, integrates wind energy development, wave energy, and tidal current energy development, and makes the three share the support of the composite cylindrical foundation Structure and power transmission system, thus effectively reducing the development cost, is of great significance to promote the commercial application of offshore wind energy, wave energy, and tidal current energy. The size of the anti-arc section of the composite cylindrical foundation is huge. When the tidal current passes through the composite cylindrical foundation, the anti-arc transition section can serve as a shroud to increase the tidal flow velocity on both sides of the anti-arc transition section, which is suitable for sea areas with low tidal velocity. Effective use of energy flow provides the basis. The anti-arc transition section is a structure whose diameter decreases rapidly from bottom to top. Compared with vertical foundations such as pile foundations, waves climb up when passing through composite cylindrical foundations. convenience.
本发明所公开的风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构的施工方法，可充分利用复合筒型基础的浮力在岸边或船坞中组装风力发电机和潮流能发电装置，然后将整个组合发电结构拖航到指定海域下沉。这与传统的在指定海域进行风电基础结构施工组装和波浪能、潮流能结构安装的施工过程相比，缩短了结构在复杂海洋环境中的施工过程，避免了海上恶劣环境的影响，极大地提高安装速度，降低了施工成本。The construction method of the wind energy-wave energy-tidal energy combined power generation structure disclosed in the present invention can make full use of the buoyancy of the composite cylindrical foundation to assemble wind power generators and tidal current energy power generation devices on the shore or in the dock, and then install the entire combined power generation structure Tow to the designated sea area to sink. Compared with the traditional construction process of wind power infrastructure construction assembly and wave energy and tidal current energy structure installation in designated sea areas, this shortens the construction process of structures in complex marine environments, avoids the impact of harsh offshore environments, and greatly improves The installation speed reduces the construction cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例1所公开的海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础的剖面示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite cylindrical foundation of an offshore wind power generator disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例1所公开的风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构的正面示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例1所公开的风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构的侧面示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例1所公开的波浪能发电装置的俯视图；Fig. 4 is a top view of the wave energy generating device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例1所公开的波浪能发电装置的液压系统连接示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system connection of the wave energy generating device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例1所公开的潮流能发电装置的俯视图。Fig. 6 is a top view of the tidal current energy generating device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
实施例1，如图1所示，本实施例公开了一种海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，包括地基4和设置在地基外侧的筒裙3，在地基的顶部设置反弧形过渡段1，所述反弧形过渡段的横截面宽度自底部至顶部逐渐缩小，在反弧形过渡段的顶部安装基础法兰盘2。作为一种可供选择的方式，在本实施例中，所述反弧形过渡段的横截面形状为圆形，在反弧形过渡段的内部施加预应力钢绞线。Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, this embodiment discloses a composite cylindrical foundation for offshore wind power generators, including a foundation 4 and a skirt 3 arranged outside the foundation, and an anti-arc transition section 1 is set on the top of the foundation , the cross-sectional width of the anti-arc transition section gradually decreases from the bottom to the top, and the basic flange 2 is installed on the top of the anti-arc transition section. As an alternative, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the anti-arc transition section is circular, and prestressed steel strands are applied inside the anti-arc transition section.
本实施例所公开的海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础，由钢筋、预应力筋、混凝土、钢板（用作分仓板）构成，体积巨大，防腐性能优良，安全性和稳定性好。反弧形过渡段有效地将风机塔架传递来的巨大的弯矩荷载通过弧形段逐步扩散，转化为有限的拉压应力，不仅使结构具有了良好的传力性能，避免了传统筒型基础严重的应力集中问题，而且在反弧形过渡段的内部施加预应力钢绞线，可承受较大荷载，力学性能稳定，不易开裂，为安装波浪能、潮流能发电装置提供了条件。The composite cylindrical foundation of the offshore wind power generator disclosed in this embodiment is composed of steel bars, prestressed bars, concrete, and steel plates (used as compartment plates), and has a huge volume, excellent anti-corrosion performance, and good safety and stability. The anti-arc transition section effectively spreads the huge bending moment load transmitted by the wind turbine tower gradually through the arc section, and converts it into limited tensile and compressive stress, which not only makes the structure have good force transmission performance, but also avoids the traditional cylindrical shape. The foundation has serious stress concentration problems, and prestressed steel strands are applied inside the anti-arc transition section, which can withstand large loads, have stable mechanical properties, and are not easy to crack, providing conditions for the installation of wave energy and tidal current energy generation devices.
如图2，3所示，本实施例还公开了一种风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构，基于上述的海上风力发电机的复合筒型基础5，在复合筒型基础的顶部安装风力发电机6，在复合筒型基础的基础法兰盘上安装波浪能发电装置8，在复合筒型基础的反弧形过渡段上套设潮流能发电装置9。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this embodiment also discloses a wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure, based on the composite cylindrical foundation 5 of the above-mentioned offshore wind power generator, a wind power The generator 6 is equipped with a wave energy generating device 8 on the foundation flange of the composite cylindrical foundation, and a tidal current energy generating device 9 is sleeved on the anti-arc transition section of the composite cylindrical foundation.
作为一种可供选择的方式，在本实施例中，所述的风力发电机为MW级变速变桨海上风力发电机。根据风资源特征，选取风力发电机，并根据风机性能参数和风荷载确定风机塔架7高度和尺寸。As an alternative, in this embodiment, the wind power generator is a MW-level variable speed and pitch offshore wind power generator. According to the characteristics of wind resources, a wind generator is selected, and the height and size of the wind turbine tower 7 are determined according to the performance parameters of the wind turbine and the wind load.
作为一种可供选择的方式，在本实施例中，如图4所示，所述的波浪能发电装置为组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置，根据波浪特征，选取组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置各浮子结构尺寸。所述振荡浮子11的数量为4个，各振荡浮子通过支撑结构12与波浪能发电装置法兰盘10连接，该波浪能发电装置法兰盘则与基础法兰盘相连接。As an alternative, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the wave energy generating device is a combined oscillating buoy wave energy generating device, and the combined oscillating buoy wave energy generating device is selected according to wave characteristics. The structure size of each float of the device. The number of said oscillating floats 11 is 4, and each oscillating float is connected to the flange plate 10 of the wave energy generating device through the supporting structure 12, and the flange plate of the wave energy generating device is connected to the basic flange plate.
如图5所示，各振荡浮子均配有一液压缸16，所述的液压缸内置活塞结构17，活塞结构伸出液压缸的部分与振荡浮子相连接，活塞结构在液压缸内的部分将液压缸分为上下两部分，液压缸的下部通过第一单向出流阀21与液压缸外的液压马达24相连接，液压马达24则通过第一单向入流阀18与液压缸的上部相通，此外，液压缸的上部还通过第二单向出流阀20与液压缸外的液压马达24相连接，液压马达24则通过第二单向入流阀19与液压缸的下部相通，液压马达24与液压发电装置25相连接。在液压马达和第一单向出流阀、第二单向出流阀之间均安装有储能器22，在第一单向出流阀和第一单向入流阀之间以及第二单向出流阀与第二单向入流阀之间均安装有节流阀23。As shown in Figure 5, each oscillating float is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 16. The hydraulic cylinder has a built-in piston structure 17. The part of the piston structure protruding from the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the oscillating float, and the part of the piston structure in the hydraulic cylinder connects the hydraulic pressure The cylinder is divided into upper and lower parts. The lower part of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic motor 24 outside the hydraulic cylinder through the first one-way outflow valve 21, and the hydraulic motor 24 is connected to the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder through the first one-way inflow valve 18. In addition, the top of the hydraulic cylinder is also connected with the hydraulic motor 24 outside the hydraulic cylinder through the second one-way outflow valve 20, and the hydraulic motor 24 communicates with the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder through the second one-way inflow valve 19, and the hydraulic motor 24 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder. A hydraulic power generator 25 is connected. An accumulator 22 is installed between the hydraulic motor and the first one-way outflow valve and the second one-way outflow valve, between the first one-way outflow valve and the first one-way inflow valve and the second one-way outflow valve A throttle valve 23 is installed between the outflow valve and the second one-way inflow valve.
具体的说，在液压缸16的上部设有第一单向入流阀18，液压缸16的下部设有第一单向出流阀21。上部第一单向入流阀18与液压缸16之间的通道还设有上部支通道，上部支通道和下部第一单向出流阀21与液压马达24之间的通道相通，上部支通道设有第二单向出流阀20，下部第一单向出流阀21与液压缸16之间的通道设有下部支通道，下部支通道与上部第一单向入流阀18与液压马达24之间的通道连通，下部支通道上设有第二单向入流阀19，上部第一单向入流阀18与液压马达24之间通道和下部第一单向出流阀21与液压马达24之间通道连接节流阀23，上部和下部与液压马达24连接端分别设有储能器22，四个液压缸通过管道并联到液压马达24上，液压马达24与液压发电装置25相连。节流阀23与储能器22主要起到稳定液压系统压力和保护液压系统安全的作用。Specifically, a first one-way inflow valve 18 is provided on the top of the hydraulic cylinder 16 , and a first one-way outflow valve 21 is provided on the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 16 . The passage between the upper first one-way inflow valve 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 16 is also provided with an upper branch passage, and the upper branch passage communicates with the passage between the lower first one-way outflow valve 21 and the hydraulic motor 24, and the upper branch passage is provided with There is a second one-way outflow valve 20, the channel between the first one-way outflow valve 21 of the lower part and the hydraulic cylinder 16 is provided with a lower branch channel, and the branch channel between the lower part and the first one-way inflow valve 18 of the upper part and the hydraulic motor 24 The channel between them is connected, the second one-way inflow valve 19 is arranged on the lower branch channel, the channel between the first one-way inflow valve 18 on the upper part and the hydraulic motor 24 and the channel between the first one-way outflow valve 21 on the lower part and the hydraulic motor 24 The channel is connected to the throttle valve 23 , and the upper and lower parts are respectively provided with accumulators 22 at the connection ends of the hydraulic motor 24 . The throttle valve 23 and the accumulator 22 mainly play the role of stabilizing the pressure of the hydraulic system and protecting the safety of the hydraulic system.
本实施例所公开的波浪能发电装置的工作过程为，当振荡浮子在波浪的浮力作用下向上移动时，带动液压缸内的活塞结构上移，使液压缸上部的液压油经第二单向出流阀流入液压马达做功后经第二单向入流阀流回液压缸下部；在振荡浮子失去波浪的浮力作用后，振荡浮子下移带动液压缸内的活塞结构下移，使液压缸下部的液压油经第一单向出流阀流入液压马达做功后经第一单向入流阀流回液压缸上部。液压马达与液压发电装置相连接，实现能量转换及发电。The working process of the wave energy generating device disclosed in this embodiment is that when the oscillating buoy moves upward under the buoyancy of the waves, it drives the piston structure in the hydraulic cylinder to move upward, so that the hydraulic oil on the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the second one-way After the outflow valve flows into the hydraulic motor to do work, it flows back to the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder through the second one-way inflow valve; after the oscillating float loses the buoyancy effect of the wave, the downward movement of the oscillating float drives the piston structure in the hydraulic cylinder to move down, so that the piston structure in the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder The hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic motor through the first one-way outflow valve to perform work, and then flows back to the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder through the first one-way inflow valve. The hydraulic motor is connected with the hydraulic power generation device to realize energy conversion and power generation.
作为一种可供选择的方式，在本实施例中，如图6所示，所述的潮流能发电装置为水平轴潮流能发电机，发电机13通过支撑结构15与套筒结构14相连接，套筒结构为反弧形，并且其横截面直径自底部至顶部逐渐缩小，该套筒结构可在套入复合筒型基础的反弧形过渡段后与之紧密贴合。所述发电机的数量为2个，对称分布在套筒结构的两侧。As an alternative, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the tidal current energy generator is a horizontal axis tidal current energy generator, and the generator 13 is connected to the sleeve structure 14 through a support structure 15 , the sleeve structure is anti-arc, and its cross-sectional diameter gradually decreases from the bottom to the top. The sleeve structure can fit closely with the anti-arc transition section of the composite cylindrical foundation after being inserted. The number of the generators is two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the sleeve structure.
当要调整发电机与潮流方向的角度时，可通过将潮流能发电装置微微上提，套筒结构与复合筒型基础的反弧形过渡段分开，整个潮流能发电装置便可自由水平旋转，使得发电机水平轴与来流方向一致，以保证最大的发电功率。根据潮流能特征和水深，选取潮流能发电装置，并根据潮流荷载参数，确定支撑结构和安装角度，确保发电机水平轴与来流方向一致。When it is necessary to adjust the angle between the generator and the direction of the tidal current, the tidal current energy generating device can be lifted up slightly, and the sleeve structure is separated from the anti-arc transition section of the composite cylindrical foundation, so that the entire tidal energy generating device can rotate freely horizontally. Make the horizontal axis of the generator consistent with the incoming flow direction, so as to ensure the maximum power generation. According to the tidal current energy characteristics and water depth, select the tidal current energy generating device, and determine the supporting structure and installation angle according to the tidal current load parameters, so as to ensure that the horizontal axis of the generator is consistent with the incoming flow direction.
本实施例还公开了上述风能-波浪能-潮流能组合发电结构的施工方法，包括如下步骤：This embodiment also discloses a construction method for the wind energy-wave energy-tidal current energy combined power generation structure, including the following steps:
（1）进行组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置和潮流能发电装置的生产制造，同时在船坞中预制复合筒型基础；(1) Manufacture combined oscillating buoy wave energy generating devices and tidal current energy generating devices, and prefabricate composite cylindrical foundations in the dock;
（2）将复合筒型基础拖航到近岸组装场地，进行风力发电机及潮流能发电装置的组装；(2) Tow the composite cylindrical foundation to the offshore assembly site for assembly of wind turbines and tidal current energy generation devices;
（3）利用复合筒型基础的浮力将风力发电机和潮流能发电装置拖航到指定安装海域，并进行基础的负压沉放安装；(3) Use the buoyancy of the composite cylindrical foundation to tow the wind turbine and tidal current energy generation device to the designated installation sea area, and carry out the negative pressure sinking installation of the foundation;
（4）将组合型振荡浮子波浪能发电装置安装到复合筒型基础上，从而完成发电结构的施工。(4) Install the combined oscillating buoy wave power generation device on the composite cylindrical foundation to complete the construction of the power generation structure.
该施工方法充分利用复合筒型基础的浮力在岸边或船坞中组装风力发电机和潮流能发电装置，然后将整个组合发电结构拖航到指定海域下沉。这与传统的在指定海域进行风电基础结构施工组装和波浪能、潮流能结构安装的施工过程相比，缩短了结构在复杂海洋环境中的施工过程，避免了海上恶劣环境的影响，极大地提高安装速度，降低了施工成本。This construction method makes full use of the buoyancy of the composite cylindrical foundation to assemble wind turbines and tidal current energy generation devices on the shore or in docks, and then tow the entire combined power generation structure to a designated sea area for sinking. Compared with the traditional construction process of wind power infrastructure construction assembly and wave energy and tidal current energy structure installation in designated sea areas, this shortens the construction process of structures in complex marine environments, avoids the impact of harsh offshore environments, and greatly improves The installation speed reduces the construction cost.
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| CN109653960B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2024-04-12 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device based on jacket foundation |
| CN111412102A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-14 | 武汉理工大学 | A wind energy-wave energy integrated power generation platform based on semi-submersible floating fan and oscillating float |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |