CN106048249B - The method for handling incineration of refuse flyash - Google Patents
The method for handling incineration of refuse flyash Download PDFInfo
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- CN106048249B CN106048249B CN201610529464.0A CN201610529464A CN106048249B CN 106048249 B CN106048249 B CN 106048249B CN 201610529464 A CN201610529464 A CN 201610529464A CN 106048249 B CN106048249 B CN 106048249B
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- refuse flyash
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910007661 ZnSiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052960 marcasite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/34—Obtaining zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of processing incineration of refuse flyash, this method includes：(1) raw material containing lead is supplied into oxidation furnace and carries out oxidizing semlting processing, to obtain SO containing high concentration2Flue gas, lead bullion and oxidation clinker；(2) the oxidation clinker is supplied into reduction furnace and carries out reduction melting processing, to obtain lead bullion and to contain zinc furnace cinder；(3) by incineration of refuse flyash and coal mixing granulation, to obtain mixing pellet；And (4) containing zinc furnace cinder and mix described pellet and supply into fuming furnace and carry out fuming process, to obtain zinc oxide fumes, innoxious clinker and containing low concentration SO2Flue gas.This method is used by the flux during incineration of refuse flyash to be used as to reduction melting containing zinc furnace cinder, and the innoxious and recycling treatment of incineration of refuse flyash may be implemented, while can significantly reduce refining lead cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of methods of processing incineration of refuse flyash.
Background technology
The domestic waste of World Developed Countries is mostly disposed in a manner of burning, it is Chinese then mainly with landfill disposal
Based on.With the raising of urban modernization degree,《Domestic garbage was harmlessly treated Facilities Construction in " 12th Five-Year Plan " National urban is advised
It draws》It is proposed by 2015, national application of city life garbage burning disposal facility ability reach the 35% of harmless treatment total capacity with
On, garbage power treatment scale needs to rise to for 2015 about 30.7 ten thousand tons of days of year end day for 8.96 ten thousand tons from the end of the year 2010, and year is compound
Growth rate reaches 28%.The Urban Rubbish Disposal of China is in the transitional period from based on landfill to based on burning.Tentatively
It calculates, it is contemplated that about 3,000,000 tons of incineration of refuse flyash can be produced every year.
Incineration of refuse flyash main component has CaO, CaSO4、SiO2、Al2O3, MgO, heavy metal Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn
And bioxin etc..Because it contains bioxin and heavy metal, handled both at home and abroad as hazardous solid waste.At present
The method of country's disposition incineration of refuse flyash is mainly chelating agent+cement solidification landfill, and small part is handled using cement kiln collaboration,
Developed countries are handled using ash melting vitrifying.
Chelating agent+cement solidification landfill cost is relatively low, but there is the problems such as landfill occupation of land, wasting of resources；Cement kiln cooperates with
Processing need to remove the Cl in flying dust in advance, and to avoid cement quality is influenced, therefore cost is higher, exists simultaneously heavy metal to cement
The influence of quality；Ash melting is relatively advanced, but the cost is relatively high, and still needs to further consider its recycling.
Therefore, the technology of existing processing incineration of refuse flyash is further improved.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, the present invention
One purpose is to propose that the innoxious of incineration of refuse flyash may be implemented in a kind of method of processing incineration of refuse flyash, this method
And recycling treatment.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of processing incineration of refuse flyash.According to the present invention
Embodiment, the method includes：
(1) raw material containing lead is supplied into oxidation furnace and carries out oxidizing semlting processing, to obtain SO containing high concentration2Flue gas,
Lead bullion and oxidation clinker；
(2) the oxidation clinker is supplied into reduction furnace and carries out reduction melting processing, to obtain lead bullion and stove containing zinc
Slag；
(3) by incineration of refuse flyash and coal mixing granulation, to obtain mixing pellet；And
(4) fuming process is carried out with mixing pellet and supply into fuming furnace containing zinc furnace cinder by described, to obtain zinc oxide
Flue dust, innoxious clinker and contain low concentration SO2Flue gas.
As a result, it is according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention processing incineration of refuse flyash method by by raw material containing lead successively through peroxide
Change stove and reduction furnace melting processing, then using incineration of refuse flyash as in the fuming process containing zinc furnace cinder that reduction melting obtains
Flux uses, and can not only significantly reduce the flux cost in lead smelting process, but also can save the expense that flying dust is individually disposed
With, while during fuming process, incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin can fully be decomposed, and can effectively recycle
Heavy metal in flying dust to which harmful substance can not only be effectively treated, but also can provide to avoid previous using caused by landfill
The serious waste in source, and then realize recycling and the harmless treatment of incineration of refuse flyash, there is huge economic benefit and society
It can benefit.
In addition, the method for processing incineration of refuse flyash according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also be with following additional
Technical characteristic：
In some embodiments of the invention, the raw material containing lead be in lead concentrate, lead plaster and lead smelting gas at least
It is a kind of.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (4), the incineration of refuse flyash and the matter containing zinc furnace cinder
Amount is than being (1~5)：100.
In some embodiments of the invention, at the oxidizing semlting processing, reduction melting processing and the fuming
The temperature of reason is separately not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method for the processing incineration of refuse flyash further comprises：It (5) will be described
Containing low concentration SO2Flue gas is sent to tail gas desulphurizing system, the S in incineration of refuse flyash smelted with lead generated in fuming process containing low
Concentration SO2Flue gas carries out desulfurization process together, to avoid the environmental pollution of S.
In some embodiments of the invention, the oxidation furnace, the reduction furnace and the fuming furnace are separately
Top blast stove, side-blown converter or bottom convertor.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram of processing incineration of refuse flyash according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram according to the processing incineration of refuse flyash of further embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Inventor is to complete the present invention based on following discovery：Incineration of refuse flyash main component has CaO, CaSO4、SiO2、
Al2O3, MgO, heavy metal Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn and bioxin etc..Because it contains bioxin and heavy metal, both at home and abroad
It is handled as hazardous solid waste.The method of domestic disposition incineration of refuse flyash is mainly chelating agent+cement at present
Solidification landfill, small part are handled using cement kiln collaboration, and developed countries are handled using ash melting vitrifying.Chelating agent+
Cement solidification landfill cost is relatively low, but there is the problems such as landfill occupation of land, wasting of resources；Cement kiln collaboration processing need to remove winged in advance
Cl in ash, to avoid cement quality is influenced, therefore cost is higher, exists simultaneously influence of the heavy metal to Cement Quality；Lime-ash
Melt relatively advanced, but the cost is relatively high, and still needs to further consider its recycling.The present inventor passes through to rubbish
The treatment process of flying ash is tried to explore, it is intended to solve defect in the prior art, realize the nothing of incineration of refuse flyash
Evilization and recycling treatment.
In consideration of it, in one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of processing incineration of refuse flyash.According to
The embodiment of the present invention, this method include：(1) raw material containing lead is supplied into oxidation furnace and carries out oxidizing semlting processing, so as to
To SO containing high concentration2Flue gas, lead bullion and oxidation clinker；(2) the oxidation clinker is supplied into reduction furnace and carries out reduction melting
Processing, to obtain lead bullion and to contain zinc furnace cinder；(3) by incineration of refuse flyash and coal mixing granulation, to obtain mixing pellet；With
And (4) carry out fuming process with mixing pellet and supply into fuming furnace by described containing zinc furnace cinder, to obtain zinc oxide fumes, nothing
Evilization clinker and contain low concentration SO2Flue gas.Inventor has found, by the way that raw material containing lead is passed through oxidation furnace and reduction furnace melting successively
Processing, then uses incineration of refuse flyash as the flux in the fuming process containing zinc furnace cinder that reduction melting obtains, not only may be used
To significantly reduce the flux cost in lead smelting process, and the expense that flying dust is individually disposed can be saved, while at fuming
During reason, incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin can fully be decomposed, and can effectively recycle the heavy metal in flying dust,
To can not only be effectively treated harmful substance, and can to avoid the previous serious waste using resource caused by landfill, into
And realize recycling and the harmless treatment of incineration of refuse flyash, there is huge economic benefit and social benefit.
The method of the processing incineration of refuse flyash of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 1.According to this
The embodiment of invention, this method include：
S100：Raw material containing lead is supplied into oxidation furnace and carries out oxidizing semlting processing
According to an embodiment of the invention, raw material containing lead is supplied into oxidation furnace and carries out oxidizing semlting processing, so as to
Obtain SO containing high concentration2Flue gas, lead bullion and oxidation clinker.
According to one embodiment of present invention, raw material containing lead can be in lead concentrate, lead plaster and lead smelting gas at least
It is a kind of.Specifically, the element composition of raw material containing lead includes Pb, Zn, Cu, S, Fe, Si, Ca, Cd, Hg, Cr, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au etc.,
Leady raw materials are different, and each element content is different, but mainly contains Pb, Zn, Cu, S, Fe, Si, Ca.
Specifically, during being somebody's turn to do, the chemical reaction in oxidation furnace is mainly the oxidation reaction and PbO and PbS of oxygen and PbS
Cross reaction：PbS+3/2O2=PbO+SO2, Pb+1/2O2=PbO, 2PbO+PbS=3Pb+SO2, after lead liquid is formed, lead conduct
The oxidation reaction of lead occurs for carrier, and with Fe7S8、FeS2Oxidation and slag making reaction.In other words in lead-containing material
Lead is only capable of smelting a part in oxidation furnace, and most of lead is with PbO and Fe2O3、SiO2, that FeO, ZnO, CaO etc. form eutectic is total
Brilliant or mutual fusant, i.e. molten bullion, Pb in the form of molten bullion from oxidation furnace put lead mouth release, a part of Cu, Sb, Bi, Ag,
Au etc. enters molten bullion, and another part enters in oxidation clinker.Pb enters flue gas due to volatile, is contained after gathering dust
Lead fume dirt returns to dispensing again, contains Zn, Cu, Si, Ca etc. in flue dust.S enters cigarette containing high concentration SO 2 in the form of sulfur dioxide
Gas prepares sulfuric acid by acid making system.
According to still a further embodiment, in the step, the temperature of oxidizing semlting processing is not particularly restricted, this
Field technology personnel can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of oxidizing semlting processing
Degree can be not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.It can not only ensure the efficient progress of oxidizing semlting processing as a result,.
S200：Oxidation clinker is supplied into reduction furnace and carries out reduction melting processing
According to an embodiment of the invention, the oxidation clinker obtained in oxidation furnace is supplied into reduction furnace and carries out reduction melting
Processing, so as to obtain lead bullion and contain zinc furnace cinder.In the step, specifically, lead mainly occurs in reduction furnace for oxidation clinker
Reduction reaction, such as：C+O2=CO2, 2C+O2=2CO, CO+1/2O2=CO2, PbO+CO=Pb+CO2, PbO+C=Pb+CO,
2PbO·SiO2+ 2FeO+C=2Pb+2FeOSiO2+CO2, 2PbOSiO2+ 2CaO+C=2Pb+2CaOSiO2+CO2,
ZnO·Fe2O3+SiO2+ C=Zn+2FeOSiO2+CO2, 2FeO+SiO2=2FeOSiO2, CaO+SiO2=CaOSiO2,
2CaO+SiO2=2CaOSiO2, so as to obtain lead bullion, and further recycle lead, and most of zinc and with other yuan of part
Element obtains containing zinc furnace cinder into clinker, and the flue dust obtained during reduction melting is also to return to dispensing, is recycled.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step, the temperature of reduction melting processing is not particularly restricted, ability
Field technique personnel can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of reduction melting processing
Can be not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to lead reduction efficiency be significantly improved, to improve the rate of recovery of lead.
S300：By the coal mixing granulation needed for incineration of refuse flyash and fume stages
According to an embodiment of the invention, incineration of refuse flyash is carried out mixing system with the coal needed for fume stages containing zinc furnace cinder
Grain, so as to obtain mixing pellet.As a result, by pelletizing it is possible to prevente effectively from incineration of refuse flyash is directly added into fuming furnace
It is easy to be taken away by flue gas, to avoid increasing smoke dust circulation amount.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step, the ratio containing incineration of refuse flyash in zinc furnace cinder and mixing pellet
Example is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, specific implementation according to the present invention
Example, incineration of refuse flyash and the mass ratio containing zinc furnace cinder can be (1-5):100.Inventor has found that incineration of refuse flyash adds
It is too little or too much, all influence production.It is unfavorable for the reduction of zinc when very few, slag melting point increases when excessive, is unfavorable for producing, increase simultaneously
The big quantity of slag reduces metal recovery rate.
S400：Zinc furnace cinder will be contained and carry out fuming process with mixing pellet and supply into fuming furnace
According to an embodiment of the invention, it obtained is carried out above-mentioned containing zinc furnace cinder with mixing pellet and supply into fuming furnace
Fuming process, to obtain zinc oxide fumes, innoxious clinker and to contain low concentration SO2Flue gas.In the step, main generation coal
The decomposition and slag making reaction etc. of sulfuric acid substance in burning, the reduction of zinc lead, flying dust, such as：C+O2=CO2(CO2+ C=2CO), ZnO+
C (CO)=Zn+CO (CO2), PbO+C (CO)=Pb+CO (CO2)、ZnO·Fe2O3+ C (CO)=ZnO+2FeO+CO (CO2)、ZnS+
CaO=ZnO+CaS, ZnSiO3=ZnO+SiO2, FeO+C (CO)=Fe+CO (CO2)、2CaSO4=2CaO+2SO2+O2、GeO2+C
(CO)=GeO+CO (CO2)、2FeO+SiO2=2FeOSiO2, 2CaO+SiO2=2CaOSiO2, CaO+Al2O3=CaO
Al2O3Deng zinc, lead are reduced and are entered in the form of zinc fume in flue in this step, and are aoxidized with oxygen in flue
Change zinc by form to be existed into zinc oxide fumes, raw material of the zinc oxide fumes as zinc abstraction.Other elements of flue dust are not entered
Into clinker, main occurrence patterns are 2CaOSiO2、3CaO·SiO2、CaO·Al2O3、2MgO·SiO2、CaO·Al2O3
It is melten glass body Deng, the clinker, is harmless clinker, can be used as construction material.And a small amount of Pb, Cd in flying dust, Hg,
The heavy metals such as Cr, Cu, Zn can be considered that corresponding chemical reaction occurs for the part containing zinc furnace cinder, while flying dust Zhong bioxin exists
It decomposes under high temperature.
Inventor has found, molten in the fuming process containing zinc furnace cinder obtained in reduction furnace by the way that incineration of refuse flyash to be used as
Agent uses, and can not only significantly reduce the flux cost in smelting process, but also can save the expense that flying dust is individually disposed, together
When during fuming process, incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin can fully be decomposed, and can effectively recycle flying dust
In heavy metal, to can not only be effectively treated harmful substance, but also can be to avoid previous using resource caused by landfill
Serious waste, and then realize recycling and the harmless treatment of incineration of refuse flyash, there is huge economic benefit and society to imitate
Benefit.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step, the temperature of fuming process is not particularly restricted, this field skill
Art personnel can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of fuming process can be not
Less than 1000 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to the rate of recovery of zinc is significantly improved, and it is complete to ensure that flying dust Zhong bioxin decomposes.
According to still a further embodiment, oxidation furnace, reduction furnace and fuming furnace can be separately top blast stove,
Side-blown converter or bottom convertor.
The method of processing incineration of refuse flyash according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention by passing through oxidation furnace successively by raw material containing lead
It is handled with reduction furnace melting, then using incineration of refuse flyash as the flux in the fuming process containing zinc furnace cinder obtained in reduction furnace
It uses, can not only significantly reduce the flux cost in lead smelting process, but also the expense that flying dust is individually disposed can be saved, together
When during fuming process, incineration of refuse flyash Zhong bioxin can fully be decomposed, and can effectively recycle flying dust
In heavy metal, to can not only be effectively treated harmful substance, but also can be to avoid previous using resource caused by landfill
Serious waste, and then realize recycling and the harmless treatment of incineration of refuse flyash, there is huge economic benefit and society to imitate
Benefit.
With reference to figure 2, the method for processing incineration of refuse flyash according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention further comprises：
S500：Low concentration SO will be contained2Flue gas is sent to tail gas desulphurizing system
It is in the step, step S400 is obtained containing low concentration SO2Flue gas is sent to tail gas desulphurizing system, and waste incineration flies
S in ash contains low concentration SO with what is generated in lead smelting fuming process2Flue gas carries out desulfurization process together, to avoid the ring of S
It pollutes in border.
As described above, it is according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention processing incineration of refuse flyash method can have the advantages that be selected from it is following
At least one：
The present invention is by using the complexity and diversity of lead raw materials for metallurgy, and the heavy metal contained in flying dust is in leady raw materials
Have, therefore heavy metal is not problem in lead smelting, Pb, Cu, Zn therein etc. are also obtained recycling, in flying dust
Ca, Si, Al, Mg etc. are less problems, are used as solvent instead of lime stone, quartz etc., finally enter in fuming slag, substantially
With 2FeO.SiO2、3CaO.SiO2、2MgO.SiO2、Al2O3.SiO2Etc. forms preservation, construction material can be done.Therefore the present invention was both
It solves the environmental issue of flying ash, and reduces the cost of lead smelting.
The present invention directly carries out innoxious, recycling treatment using the lead smelting system of existing maturation to garbage flying ash, can
Garbage flying ash is effectively treated with realizing, special equipment need not be built, substantially reduces cost, and Pb in flying dust,
Zn, S are recycled, and Ca, Al, Mg enter clinker, harmful substance are not only effectively treated, but also resource is fully utilized.
The present invention by regarding incineration of refuse flyash as the flux containing zinc furnace cinder, can reduce lead smelt other flux at
This, while saving the expense that flying dust is individually disposed, the garbage flying ash after this harmless treatment, resourcebility, and municipal refuse flies
Ash can lead smeltery nearby carry out innoxious, minimizing, recycling treatment, therefore this method have huge social benefit and
Economic benefit.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to describe
Property, without limiting the invention in any way.
Embodiment
Oxidation furnace (type of furnace can be bottom convertor, top blast stove or side-blown converter), flying dust is added in raw material containing lead after mixing granulation
Processing quality accounts for the 1%-5% of raw material containing lead, continuous feed, and smelting temperature control is at 1000~1100 DEG C, flying dust Zhong bis- Evil
English decomposes at high temperature, and S is substantially with SO2Form enter SO containing high concentration2In flue gas and participate in relieving haperacidity；Pb, Cu are most of into thick
In lead melt, small part is into oxidation clinker and leaded flue dust, flue dust closed cycle；Zn, Ca, Mg, Al etc. enter oxidation clinker, so
Gained oxidation clinker is supplied into reduction furnace progress reduction melting processing afterwards, and (reduction furnace can be bottom convertor, top blast stove or side
Blown converter), it obtains lead bullion and contains zinc furnace cinder, then by gained containing obtaining after zinc furnace cinder and incineration of refuse flyash and coal mixing granulation
Mixing pellet supplies to fuming furnace and carries out fuming process, and incineration of refuse flyash addition is the 1%-5% containing zinc furnace cinder, fuming temperature
Degree control is at 1200~1300 DEG C, and flying dust Zhong bioxin decomposes at high temperature, and final Zn enters zinc oxide fumes, zinc oxide cigarette
Dirt can be used as zinc abstraction raw material, and Ca, Mg, Al etc. enter finishing slag, and finishing slag is melten glass body, is harmless slag, can be used as building
Material.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of processing incineration of refuse flyash, which is characterized in that including：
(1) raw material containing lead is supplied into oxidation furnace and carries out oxidizing semlting processing, to obtain SO containing high concentration2Flue gas, lead bullion and
Aoxidize clinker；
(2) the oxidation clinker is supplied into reduction furnace and carries out reduction melting processing, to obtain lead bullion and to contain zinc furnace cinder；
(3) by incineration of refuse flyash and coal mixing granulation, to obtain mixing pellet；And
(4) carry out fuming process with mixing pellet and supply into fuming furnace containing zinc furnace cinder by described, so as to obtain zinc oxide fumes,
Innoxious clinker and contain low concentration SO2Flue gas,
Wherein, in step (1), the raw material containing lead be selected from least one of lead concentrate, lead plaster and lead smelting gas,
In step (4), the incineration of refuse flyash is (1~5) with the mass ratio containing zinc furnace cinder：100.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the oxidizing semlting processing, the reduction melting processing and
The temperature of the fuming process is separately not less than 1000 degrees Celsius.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, further comprising：
(5) it is sent described to tail gas desulphurizing system containing low concentration SO2 fume.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the oxidation furnace, the reduction furnace and the fuming furnace point
It independently is not top blast stove, side-blown converter or bottom convertor.
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| CN110735043A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method and treatment system for hazardous waste incineration residues |
| CN114484467A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-05-13 | 中南大学 | Method for synchronously harmless recycling of waste lead paste and waste incineration fly ash |
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