CN105812735A - Underground remote real time imaging detection device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an underground long-distance real-time imaging detection device and a method thereof. In the present invention, a composite optical fiber cable is used to transmit data between the downhole and the uphole, and this transmission method overcomes the disadvantages caused by cable transmission; and, in the present invention, not only the downhole image data is collected, but also the current working parameters of the downhole device are collected. The current working parameters collected together with the downhole image data are transmitted to the uphole device for display through a composite optical fiber cable. Compared with the existing single downhole data such as video signals, it can have a relatively comprehensive information collection of downhole environmental conditions, which is convenient Accurately guide downhole operations; finally, in the present invention, the downhole device adopts the automatic focusing function to collect downhole image data, which greatly improves the imaging quality and clarity compared with the existing manual control winch telescopic to focus imaging system.

Description

Downhole long-distance real-time imaging detection equipment and method thereof

technical field

The present application relates to detection technology, in particular to downhole long-distance real-time imaging detection equipment and methods thereof.

Background technique

Downhole long-distance real-time imaging can have a clear judgment on the downhole working environment, and plays a vital role in improving oil recovery and other aspects. Limited to the current space environment and long-distance signal transmission of underground work, relevant research institutions are also conducting exploratory research on underground long-distance real-time imaging technology, such as the invention patent applied by China National Offshore Oil Corporation (patent number: ZL2006020018840.1) A downhole TV imaging test system was proposed, a patent applied for by Shaanxi Grand Float Industrial Co., Ltd. (application number publication number: CN102828739A) proposed a downhole multi-parameter imaging measurement system, etc.

The current research on downhole long-distance real-time imaging is characterized by the use of coaxial cables and other cables for data transmission. However, the use of cables for data transmission has the following disadvantages:

1) The diameter of the cable is relatively large, so that the outer diameter of the equipment is more than 90mm, which limits its operation in a large working space, and may not be able to do it in a narrow space environment;

(2) The cable transmission image speed is generally 2S/frame, resulting in intermittent image signal transmission, not real-time, so it may cause a lag in the judgment of the downhole environment.

(3) Cables are more suitable for short-distance transmission, while long-distance real-time imaging in underground generally requires long-distance transmission. In order to complete long-distance transmission, multi-stage amplification of the signal is required, which brings certain difficulties and difficulties to the design. Complexity, while stretching will affect the impedance of the cable, so it is difficult to design cable impedance matching, and the anti-interference ability of the cable is relatively poor, and long-distance transmission increases the loss of its signal and makes the signal attenuation more serious , which may render the image suboptimal.

(4) Generally, the transmission rate of long-distance transmission of cables is relatively low, the highest is 800kbps, but the unprocessed high-definition video image data obtained by underground long-distance real-time imaging is 20Mbps, so it is difficult for cables to complete data transmission.

Contents of the invention

The application provides an underground long-distance real-time imaging detection device and a method thereof, which overcome many defects caused by cable transmission data by using a composite optical fiber cable to transmit data.

The technical solutions provided by this application include:

An underground long-distance real-time imaging detection device, the equipment includes: an downhole device and an uphole device; the downhole device and the uphole device are connected by a composite optical fiber cable;

The downhole device is used to collect downhole image data and current working parameters of the downhole device by adopting an automatic focusing function, and pack and encode the downhole image data and working parameters and send them to the uphole device through a composite optical fiber cable;

The above-ground device is used to receive the data sent by the down-hole device through the composite optical fiber cable, and decode and display the received data.

An underground long-distance real-time imaging detection method, comprising:

A. The downhole device adopts the automatic focusing function to collect downhole image data and the current working parameters of the downhole device, and then packs and encodes the downhole image data and working parameters and sends them to the uphole device through a composite optical fiber cable;

B. The uphole device receives the data sent by the downhole device through the composite optical fiber cable, decodes and displays the received data.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that in the present invention, the composite optical fiber cable is used to transmit data between the downhole and the uphole. It also overcomes the disadvantages of poor anti-interference ability of long-distance transmission, serious signal loss and attenuation, and short transmission distance;

At the same time, in the present invention, not only the downhole image data is collected, but also the current working parameters of the downhole device are collected, and the collected current working parameters together with the downhole image data are transmitted to the uphole device for display through a composite optical fiber cable, which is compared with the existing A single downhole data such as video signal can have a relatively comprehensive information collection on the downhole environmental conditions, which is convenient for accurate guidance of downhole operations;

In addition, in the present invention, the downhole device adopts an automatic focusing function to collect downhole image data, which greatly improves the imaging quality and clarity compared with the existing manual control winch telescopic to focus imaging system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the equipment structural diagram that the present invention provides;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the downhole device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an uphole device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the method provided by the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the downhole long-distance real-time imaging detection equipment provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the equipment includes: a downhole device and an uphole device.

Wherein, the downhole device and the uphole device are connected by a composite optical fiber cable.

The downhole device is used to collect the downhole image data and the current working parameters of the downhole device by adopting the automatic focusing function, pack and code the downhole image data and working parameters and send them to the uphole device through the composite optical fiber cable;

The uphole device is used for receiving the data sent by the downhole device through the composite optical fiber cable, and decoding and displaying the received data.

That is to say, in the present invention, the downhole device collects downhole image data and current working parameters and sends them to the uphole device for display through a composite optical fiber cable. The composite optical fiber cable is used to transmit data. This transmission method overcomes the disadvantages of large working space caused by the large diameter of the cable, and also overcomes the time lag caused by cable transmission, and also overcomes its poor anti-interference ability for long-distance transmission. , serious signal loss and attenuation, short transmission distance and other disadvantages;

At the same time, in the present invention, the downhole device not only collects downhole image data, but also collects the current working parameters of the downhole device, and transmits the collected current working parameters together with the downhole image data to the uphole device for display through a composite optical fiber cable. The existing single downhole data such as video signals can have a relatively comprehensive information collection on the downhole environmental conditions, which is convenient for accurately guiding downhole operations;

In addition, in the present invention, the downhole device adopts an automatic focusing function to collect downhole image data, which greatly improves the imaging quality and clarity compared with the existing manual control winch to adjust the imaging area.

The downhole device and the uphole device are described in detail below:

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the downhole device provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the downhole device may include: an image acquisition module, a working parameter module, a central processing module, a video data parallel/serial conversion module, a video data encoding module, and an electrical/optical conversion module;

Wherein, the image acquisition module includes a light source, a window and a camera with an automatic focusing function.

Here, the light source is used to provide suitable illumination for the camera to collect downhole image data.

The window is composed of plexiglass, and its main function is to remove stains, ensure the smooth passage of light, and provide a high-definition view for the camera. Preferably, the plexiglass here may be sapphire glass composed of sapphire and with an oil stain-resistant coating.

The camera is used for collecting data and images of downhole environmental conditions through the window under the illumination provided by the light source. The data collected here are mainly the data of downhole pipe wall and pipe front. Among them, during the acquisition process, the camera adopts the automatic focusing function to image different well depths, and automatically fine-tunes the imaging to achieve the best image data finally collected in the designated area, and the camera finally sends the best image data collected to to the central processing module. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the camera here is a high-sensitivity camera, which has a relatively high frame rate, can achieve 60 frames per second, and a resolution of 1280*768, and there is almost no delay in image acquisition , which can ensure real-time image acquisition and image clarity.

The working parameter module is used to collect the current working parameters of the downhole device working in the downhole, and send the collected working parameters to the central processing module;

The central processing module is used to fuse the received working parameters into the image data and send it to the video data parallel/serial conversion module;

The video data parallel/serial conversion module is used to convert the parallel video data sent from the central processing module into serial video data and send it to the video data encoding module. The reason why the parallel video data is converted into serial video data here is to effectively reduce the diameter of the composite optical fiber cable by reducing the transmission channel of the data, and realize the miniaturization of the equipment. At present, the outer diameter of cable transmission equipment is generally more than 90mm. Compared with cable transmission, the outer diameter of equipment can be reduced to 38mm through composite optical fiber cables. Therefore, the use of composite optical fiber cable transmission realizes the miniaturization of equipment in the true sense. , the correction is to broaden the field of device implementation to a large extent.

The video data encoding module is used to encode the serial video data sent from the video data parallel/serial conversion module and send it to the optical/electrical conversion module. Here, the main purpose of encoding serial video data is to increase the density of signal logic transformation, meet the requirements of optical fiber transmission in composite optical fiber cables, and improve long-distance transmission and anti-interference capabilities. Traditional cables For long-distance transmission, the maximum transmission rate is about 800kbps. However, the transmission rate of the encoded data after parallel/serial conversion must be at least 200Mbps, so it is difficult for traditional cable transmission to achieve such a high rate, and the composite fiber optic cable However, the transmission rate of 100Mbps to 10Gbps can be realized.

The electrical/optical conversion module is used to convert the coded data sent from the video data coding module into optical signals, and send them to the uphole device through the composite optical fiber cable. As a preferred embodiment, the electrical/optical conversion module has a transmission rate of 1.25Gbps and a loss lower than 0.36dB/Km. Compared with electrical signals, optical signals have almost no loss during transmission and are not subject to electromagnetic interference. Provides good data protection for clear imaging.

Preferably, as an embodiment of the present invention, in the present invention, although the camera has an automatic focusing function to image different well depths and automatically fine-tune the imaging, it is also possible that the image data sent by the camera to the central processing module cannot reach The set precision requirements, based on this, when the central processing module receives the image data collected by the camera that does not meet the set precision requirements, it can further send an auto-focus command to the camera; When the focus is commanded, the image data is re-collected by automatic focus and sent to the central processing module.

In the present invention, the working parameter is collected by the working parameter module, the downhole video information can be analyzed more accurately, and it is beneficial to correctly guide the downhole mining work and maintenance work. Preferably, the working parameter module mainly includes: a temperature module, a pressure module, an acceleration acquisition module, and a reference measurement module.

The temperature module is used to collect the temperature currently borne by the downhole device (essentially, the circuit board of the downhole device). Here, the temperature module may be realized by a temperature sensor during specific implementation.

The pressure module is used to collect the current pressure of the downhole device (essentially, the circuit board of the downhole device). Here, the pressure module may be realized by a pressure sensor in a specific implementation.

Through the temperature module and the pressure module, the main purpose is to obtain the temperature and pressure that the circuit board of the downhole device bears, so as to judge whether the downhole device is working normally.

The acceleration acquisition module is used to collect the real-time acceleration of the downhole device (essentially the circuit board of the downhole device) during the lowering process, and judge the real-time speed and depth of its lowering through the real-time acceleration, so as to accurately guide the downhole operation.

The reference measurement module is used for real-time comparison with downhole perforation or casing damage parameters through an annular reference scale with known parameters, so as to obtain the specific size of perforation size and casing damage, such as size and shape parameters, and realize qualitative analysis Transition to Quantitative Analysis.

The downhole device is described above.

The above-ground equipment is described below:

Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the uphole device provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the above-ground equipment includes:

The optical/electrical conversion module is connected to the downhole device (specifically connected to the electrical/optical conversion module connected to the downhole device) through a composite optical fiber cable, and is used to convert the optical signal transmitted through the composite optical fiber cable into an electrical signal, and Send to the video data decoding module;

The video data decoding module is used to decode the received electrical signal, restore the serial video data before the video data encoding module encodes, and send it to the video data serial/parallel conversion module;

The video data serial/parallel conversion module is used to convert the received serial video data into parallel video data and send it to the real-time display module; the reason why the serial video data is converted into parallel video data here is to improve the video quality through parallel transmission. The speed of the signal to the real-time display module.

The real-time display module is used for real-time display of the parallel video data sent by the video data serial/parallel conversion module. As an embodiment of the present invention, the real-time display module here mainly includes a host computer and a display, and its main function is to complete real-time storage of video data and real-time display of video data.

So far, the structural description of the uphole device is completed.

The method applied to the above-mentioned devices is described below:

Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the method provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the method may include the following steps:

Step 401, the downhole device adopts the auto-focus function to collect downhole image data and the current working parameters of the downhole device, packs, codes and sends the downhole image data and working parameters to the uphole device through a composite optical fiber cable.

Step 402, the uphole device receives the data sent by the downhole device through the composite optical fiber cable, decodes and displays the received data.

Preferably, as an embodiment of the present invention, step 401 may include step a1 to step a6 when specifically implemented:

Step a1, turn on the light source to provide suitable light for downhole;

Step a2, through the organic glass with decontamination agent, such as sapphire glass, to collect data and images of the downhole environmental conditions through the camera with automatic focusing function; during the acquisition process, the camera uses the automatic focusing function to image different well depths, And automatically fine-tune the imaging to achieve the best image data collected in the end;

Step a3, collecting the current working parameters of the downhole device working downhole;

Step a4, fusing the working parameters into the collected image data, and converting the image data from parallel to serial;

Step a5, encoding the converted serial video data to obtain serial encoded data;

In step a6, the serial coded data is converted into an optical signal, and sent to the uphole device through the composite optical fiber cable.

Preferably, in the present invention, step 401 further includes:

Check whether the image data collected by the camera meets the set accuracy requirements,

When it is detected that the image data collected by the camera does not meet the set precision requirements, the camera is controlled to automatically focus and re-acquire image data.

Preferably, in the present invention, the above-mentioned working parameters mainly include:

The temperature currently experienced by the downhole unit,

The current pressure on the downhole device,

The real-time acceleration of the downhole device during lowering,

Through an annular reference scale with known parameters and downhole perforation or casing damage parameters, real-time reference measurement is carried out to obtain the perforation size and the specific size of casing damage, such as size and shape parameters.

Preferably, step 402 includes the following steps b1 to b3:

Step b1, converting the optical signal transmitted through the composite optical fiber cable into an electrical signal;

Step b2, decoding the converted electrical signal, and recovering the serial video data before the encoding of the downhole device;

Step b3, converting the serial video data into parallel video data and displaying it in real time.

So far, the description of the method provided by the present invention is completed.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

1) The high-sensitivity camera used has a high frame rate, can achieve 60 frames per second, and a resolution of 1280*768. There is almost no delay in image acquisition, which can ensure real-time image acquisition and image clarity ;

2) The camera has an automatic focusing function, which can realize automatic fine-tuning of the focal length for different well depths and different pipe wall thicknesses. Compared with manual focusing, the image quality and clarity are greatly improved.

3) Composite optical fiber cable is used for downhole and uphole communication, because the composite optical fiber cable supports a transmission rate of 100Mbps to 10Gbps in long-distance transmission, which is much higher than the 800kbps of the cable, so it has the function of real-time data transmission, which is realized for the underground The real-time fine-tuning of the focal length provides reliable control commands, and at the same time provides continuous data for the real-time display image on the well, avoiding the delay caused by the cable transmission; in addition, the optical fiber transmission has the characteristics of small attenuation and strong interference ability, so the image data The quality of transmission is much higher than that of cable transmission; in addition, optical fiber has a large information capacity, so it can use its high bandwidth to serially transmit data, which can greatly reduce the signal transmission channel and greatly improve the efficiency brought by cable transmission. The problem of large size also reduces the quality of the equipment, so as to realize the miniaturization and light weight in the true sense.

4) When the cable is stretched through the winch, its own impedance will change due to the different tension and pressure. Therefore, in the design of the circuit, the problem of impedance matching requires a large number of peripheral circuits and greatly increases The size of the equipment brings great difficulties to the design. However, there is no impedance matching problem in the optical fiber. Therefore, in terms of circuit design, the use of optical fiber communication is simple, thus providing a guarantee for the miniaturization of the equipment to a large extent.

5) The working parameter module adopted can display real-time temperature, real-time pressure, real-time acceleration and reference calibration objects of downhole equipment and other information in real time, so the staff on the well can provide a relatively comprehensive downhole environment, so as to realize accurate Guidance work. In particular, only when the reference object is being measured, it will automatically stick to the pipe wall for parameter comparison, and it will be automatically retracted when not measuring, which provides great convenience for downhole video imaging.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. the remote Real-time Imaging equipment in down-hole, it is characterised in that this equipment includes: downhole hardware and aboveground device；Connected by composite type optical fibre cable between downhole hardware and aboveground device；

Described downhole hardware, is used for adopting automatic focusing function gather borehole image data and gather this downhole hardware current operating parameters, by described borehole image data, running parameter packing, encodes and is sent to aboveground device by composite type optical fibre cable；

The data of reception, for receiving the data that described downhole hardware is sent by composite type optical fibre cable, are decoded and show by described aboveground device.

2. equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described downhole hardware includes:

Image capture module, running parameter module, central processing module, the parallel/serial modular converter of video data, video data encoding module, electrical/optical modular converter；

Described image capture module, comprise light source, window and the camera with automatic focusing function, described light source provides illumination for carrying out borehole image data collection for described camera, described window is made up of lucite, the fine definition visual field is provided for described camera, subsurface environment situation is carried out digital image acquisition through described window by described camera under the illumination that described light source provides, in gatherer process, described camera adopts automatic focusing function that different well depths are carried out imaging, and to imaging automatic fine tuning, to realize the view data the best finally collected, the optimized image data collected are sent to central processing module by described camera；

Described running parameter module, for gathering the described downhole hardware current operating parameters in underground work, is sent to central processing module by the running parameter collected；

Central processing module, merges to view data for the running parameter that will receive, and is sent to the parallel/serial modular converter of video data；

The parallel/serial modular converter of video data, for converting the parallel video data sent from central processing module to serial video data, and is sent to video data encoding module；

Video data encoding module, for the serial video data sent from the parallel/serial modular converter of video data is encoded, and is sent to electrical/optical modular converter；

Electrical/optical modular converter, for the coding data sent from video data encoding module are converted to optical signal, and is sent to aboveground device by composite type optical fibre cable.

3. equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described central processing module does not meet when precisely requiring of setting in the view data receiving described collected by camera further, sends automatic focusing order to described camera；

Described camera is the automatic focusing Resurvey view data be sent to central processing module when receiving described automatic focusing order further.

4. equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described running parameter module specifically includes that

Thermal module, for gathering the temperature that downhole hardware is current born；

Modular pressure, for gathering the pressure that downhole hardware is current born；

Acceleration acquisition module, for gathering downhole hardware real time acceleration in decentralization process；

Reference measure module, for carrying out real time contrast with reference to scale with downhole perforation or casing damage parameter by the annular of a known parameters, thus obtaining perforation size and casing damage specific size.

5. equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described aboveground device includes:

Optical electrical modular converter, for converting the signal of telecommunication to by the optical signal of composite type optical fibre cable, and is sent to video data decoding module；

Video data decoding module, for being decoded by the signal of telecommunication of reception, recovers the serial video data before video data encoding module coding, and is sent to video data serial/parallel conversion module；

Video data serial/parallel conversion module, for converting the serial video data of reception to parallel video data, and is sent to real-time display module；

Real-time display module, for the parallel video data that display video data serial/parallel conversion module sends in real time.

6. the remote Real-time Imaging method in down-hole, it is characterised in that the method includes:

A, downhole hardware adopts automatic focusing function gather borehole image data and gather this downhole hardware current operating parameters, by described borehole image data, running parameter packing, encodes and is sent to aboveground device by composite type optical fibre cable；

B, aboveground device receives the data that described downhole hardware is sent by composite type optical fibre cable, the data of reception is decoded and shows.

7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step A includes:

Open light source and provide applicable illumination for down-hole；

By have the camera of automatic focusing function through having scrubbing, subsurface environment situation is carried out digital image acquisition by the lucite of degreaser；In gatherer process, described camera adopts automatic focusing function that different well depths carry out imaging, and to imaging automatic fine tuning, best with the view data realizing finally collecting；

Gather the downhole hardware current operating parameters in underground work；

Running parameter is merged to the view data collected, and this view data is become serial from Parallel transformation；

Serial video data after conversion is encoded, obtains serialized encoded data；

Serialized encoded data is converted to optical signal, and is sent to aboveground device by composite type optical fibre cable.

8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step A farther includes:

Check whether the view data of described collected by camera meets the accurate requirement of setting,

When the view data checking described collected by camera does not meet when precisely requiring of setting, control described camera auto-focusing Resurvey view data.

9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described running parameter specifically includes that

The temperature that downhole hardware is current born,

The pressure that downhole hardware is current born,

Downhole hardware real time acceleration in decentralization process,

Real-time reference measure is carried out with reference to scale with downhole perforation or casing damage parameter thus obtaining perforation size and casing damage specific size by the annular of a known parameters.

10. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step B includes:

The signal of telecommunication will be converted to by the optical signal of composite type optical fibre cable；

The signal of telecommunication after conversion is decoded, recovers the serial video data before downhole hardware coding；

Serial video data is converted to parallel video data and shows in real time.