CN105658097A - Active and Passive Cigarette Suppression Devices - Google Patents

Abstract

A cigarette extinguishing device comprises a liquid tube arranged in a cigarette filter, the liquid tube contains a sufficient amount of liquid that can extinguish the cigarette, the liquid is under the pressure of compressed air in the liquid tube, a diaphragm is arranged at the far end of the liquid tube, the diaphragm can be broken under the action of at least one of pressure and high temperature, and compared with the liquid tube wall, the diaphragm is more sensitive to pressure and high temperature; a hollow tube is connected to the diaphragm and extends through a tobacco area to the far end of the cigarette; when the diaphragm is broken, the liquid flows out of the liquid tube, passes through the hollow tube and reaches the cigarette burning area to play a role in extinguishing the fire.

Description

Active and Passive Cigarette Suppression Devices

technical field

This application claims priority from Israeli Patent (Patent Application No.: 229341 ) filed on November 10, 2013, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference as if set forth in detail. In some embodiments, the present invention relates to the technical field of cigarettes, and in particular to methods and devices for preventing fire accidents caused by smokers discarding unextinguished cigarettes.

Background technique

Thousands of fire accidents occur every year because smokers discard unextinguished cigarettes or butts. According to a report titled "The Smoking Material Fire Problem" released by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) in 2007, discarding cigarette butts has become the leading cause of fire deaths beyond any other method. The report also pointed out that in 2001, there were 31,200 fires in the United States caused by discarded cigarette butts, resulting in 830 deaths and 1,770 injuries, resulting in direct property losses totaling US$38.6 billion.

US Patent (Application No.: 2011/0132382) discloses a cigarette paper with a low ignitability coating on the surface and a cigarette using the cigarette paper. Specific areas of the cigarette paper have a surface coating that reduces their porosity, and when the burned area reaches this area, the flame will automatically extinguish. However, the cigarette can only be extinguished when burning to the above-mentioned specific area, which cannot be controlled by the smoker's will.

Contents of the invention

In some embodiments, the present invention relates to the technical field of cigarettes, and in particular to a method and device for preventing fire accidents caused by smokers discarding unextinguished cigarettes.

As described in some embodiments of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a cigarette flame extinguishing device, comprising: a liquid pipe disposed in a cigarette filter, the liquid pipe contains a sufficient amount of liquid for extinguishing a cigarette, the liquid Under the pressure of compressed air in the liquid pipe; one end of the liquid pipe is provided with a diaphragm, which can be ruptured under the action of at least one of pressure and high temperature, and compared with the wall of the liquid pipe, the diaphragm is More sensitive to pressure and high temperature; a hollow tube is connected to the septum and extends through the tobacco area to the distal end of the cigarette; when the septum ruptures, liquid flows from the liquid tube through the hollow tube to the burning area of the cigarette To play a role in flameout.

In some embodiments, the diaphragm can be actively applied to the filter tip by the smoker, and the pressure in the liquid pipe increases to rupture; regardless of the length of the cigarette, once the diaphragm is ruptured, the liquid in the pipe passes through the diaphragm and the hollow pipe under the pressure of the liquid pipe. Inject into combustion zone.

In some embodiments, the diaphragm is ruptured under the high temperature of combustion near it, and after the diaphragm is ruptured, the liquid in the liquid pipe is passively injected into the combustion zone through the diaphragm and the hollow pipe under the pressure inside the liquid pipe, so that the liquid pipe is emptied .

In some embodiments, the liquid tube includes an injection device, the injection device includes a compression spring under the pressure of the liquid in the liquid tube, one end of the compression spring is connected to the diaphragm, and the pressure exerted by the smoker on the cigarette filter makes the The pressure of the compression spring is released, breaking the diaphragm and the liquid is released through the ruptured diaphragm and hollow tube into the combustion zone.

In some embodiments, the diaphragm can be ruptured by the high temperature of combustion in its vicinity, causing the pressure of the spring to be released. Due to the rupture of the diaphragm and the release of the pressure of the spring, the liquid in the liquid tube is injected through the diaphragm and the hollow tube. burning zone.

In some embodiments, the volume of compressed gas in the liquid tube does not exceed 25% of the total volume of the liquid tube.

Based on another embodiment taught by the present invention, the present invention also provides a manufacturing method of the cigarette flame extinguishing device, the method comprising:

Insert a liquid tube into the center of the cigarette filter, pass through the filter tip from the proximal area of the filter tip and extend to the tobacco area of the cigarette; fill the liquid tube with flame extinguishing liquid, and at the same time compress the air in the liquid tube so that it can exert pressure on the liquid in the tube A diaphragm is arranged at the far end of the liquid pipe, the diaphragm can be ruptured under at least one of pressure and high temperature, and compared with the liquid pipe wall, the diaphragm is more sensitive to pressure and high temperature; at the far end of the liquid pipe A hollow tube is connected to the diaphragm so that the hollow tube extends through the tobacco area of the cigarette, and when the diaphragm is ruptured, it allows the flame extinguishing liquid in the liquid tube to pass through and flow to the burning area to exert a flame extinguishing effect.

In some embodiments, the step of providing the diaphragm includes providing a diaphragm that ruptures when subjected to at least one of pressure and exposure to high combustion temperatures, once the diaphragm is ruptured, the pressure of the compressed air within the liquid tube Next, the flame extinguishing liquid is injected into the combustion zone through the diaphragm and the hollow tube, so that the liquid tube is emptied.

In some embodiments, in addition to the flame extinguishing liquid, the method also includes inserting a compression spring into the liquid tube, the compression spring is under the pressure of the liquid tube liquid, the distal end of which is connected to the diaphragm, and the pressure applied to the filter will cause The pressure of the spring is released, and once the diaphragm is ruptured, regardless of the length of the cigarette, the liquid in the liquid tube is released and flows to the combustion zone through the ruptured diaphragm and hollow tube.

In some embodiments, the step of disposing the diaphragm includes disposing a diaphragm that can rupture when exposed to the high temperature of combustion, when the diaphragm ruptures, the pressure of the compression spring is released, and the flame extinguishing fluid is injected through the diaphragm and the hollow tube burning zone.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In case of any conflict, the definition in the manual shall prevail.

As used throughout, "comprising", "comprising", "with" and their grammatical variants are used to define a feature, value, step, component or group, but not to exclude one or more additional features, values, steps, components or group. These terms include "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of".

Unless otherwise specified in the text, the indefinite articles "a" and "one" used throughout the text represent "at least one/one" or "one/one or more".

The term "about" used throughout a numerical value indicates +/- 10% of the numerical range.

Description of drawings

The structures of some embodiments of the present invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings and descriptions of how these embodiments are implemented are obvious to those skilled in the art. The purpose of these drawings is to illustrate the discussion, and they are only necessary descriptions for the basic understanding of the present invention. It does not attempt to show more structural details of the embodiments of the present invention. For the sake of clarity, some components shown in the figures are not drawn to scale.

1A and FIG. 1B are partial cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a cigarette flame extinguishing device based on the teaching of the present invention in a deactivated state and a flame extinguished state.

2A and 2B are partial cross-sectional views of another embodiment of a cigarette flame extinguishing device based on the teaching of the present invention in a deactivated state and a flame extinguished state.

detailed description

In some embodiments, the present invention relates to the technical field of cigarettes, and more particularly, to a method and device for preventing fire accidents caused by smokers discarding unextinguished cigarettes.

FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B respectively show a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a cigarette flame extinguishing device based on the teaching of the present invention in a deactivated state and a flame extinguished state. Figure 1A and Figure 1B show the active and passive extinguishing of cigarettes based on the working principle of extinguishing fluid pressure release.

As shown in Figures 1A and 1B, a cigarette 10 has a filter 11 and a tobacco region 12, and a liquid tube 14 is provided in the filter 11. The cross-sectional diameter of the liquid pipe 14 is less than 3mm, and its length is adapted to the length of the filter tip 11. Typically, the liquid tube 14 is located in the center of the filter 11, and its proximal end is about 0.5 cm away from the proximal end of the filter 11 so that the proximal end of the liquid tube 14 is hidden in the filter 11, and its distal end extends into the tobacco area 12 by about 0.5 cm.

The liquid tube 14 may be inserted into the filter 11 during manufacture of the cigarette 10, or injected therein after the filter 11 is installed. Arranging the liquid tube 14 in this manner does not interfere with the smoker's inhalation of the combusted tobacco. Liquid tube 14 may be made of any suitable material having a thickness, but in some embodiments, liquid tube 14 is made of nylon material with a thickness of about 0.5 mm. The liquid conduit 14 is closed by a membrane 15 as described below.

The liquid pipe 14 contains enough flame extinguishing liquid 16, when the liquid flows into the cigarette burning area, it can immediately extinguish the flame. The capacity of the flame extinguishing liquid 16 can be 0.05-0.2ml or about 0.15ml. The fire extinguishing liquid 16 in the liquid pipe 14 can be selected from any suitable fire extinguishing liquid, such as water, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and the like. The flame extinguishing liquid 16 is injected into the liquid pipe 14, and the air in it is compressed at the same time, so that the air pressure in the liquid pipe 14 is higher than the atmospheric pressure, so that it can push the flame extinguishing liquid 16 in the liquid pipe 14 to the far end of the cigarette 10, which is active. flameout mechanism. The pressure value in the liquid pipe 14 is estimated by the ideal gas state equation under the conditions of room temperature and atmospheric pressure. In some embodiments, when the liquid tube 14 is filled with compressed gas, the pressure ranges from 2 to 3 atmospheres. In some embodiments, the compressed gas 18 is placed next to the flame extinguishing liquid 16 so that it can exert pressure on the flame extinguishing liquid 16. When the pressure in the liquid tube 14 is released, the compressed gas 18 pushes the flame extinguishing liquid 16 to burn at the far end of the cigarette 10. Area. In some embodiments, the compressed gas 18 fills 25% of the capacity of the liquid pipe 14, so that it can generate sufficient pressure on the flame extinguishing liquid 16, without excessive pressure on the liquid pipe 14, and the liquid will not pass through the wall of the liquid pipe , the filter 11 or other parts of the cigarette 10 leak.

Diaphragm 15 is arranged at the far end of liquid pipe 14 and plays the effect of sealing liquid, and typically, diaphragm 15 is usually conical, and is sensitive to pressure and high temperature, and enough pressure and/or high temperature acting on diaphragm 15 will cause its The pressure in the liquid tube 14 is released by rupture. In some embodiments, the diaphragm 15 is made of very thin nylon, such as nylon with a thickness of about 0.1 mm, which is thinner than that of the liquid tube 14 . Due to the thinness of the nylon membrane, the increased pressure acting on the liquid tube 14 or the membrane 15, or the increased temperature in the vicinity of the membrane 15 (such as the temperature in the burning zone of a cigarette or near the burning zone) will cause the rupture of the membrane 15 . Since the diaphragm 15 is made of thinner nylon than the material of the liquid tube 14 , the increased pressure exerted on the liquid tube 14 first causes rupture of the diaphragm 15 before causing any damage to the liquid tube 14 .

A hollow tube 19 is provided at the distal end of the membrane 15 and extends from the membrane 15 through the tobacco region 12 to the distal end of the cigarette 10 . Typically, the hollow tube 19 terminates at a short distance from the distal end of the cigarette, such as about 0.5 cm from the distal end of the cigarette, so that it is not visible at the distal end of the cigarette 10 . In some embodiments, the hollow tube 19 is connected to the distal end of the fluid tube 14 or the septum 15 . Typically, the hollow tube 19 is made to allow the flame extinguishing fluid 16 to pass through without being absorbed by the tobacco of the tobacco zone 12 . Based on this, when the diaphragm 15 breaks, the liquid in the liquid pipe 14 flows through the diaphragm 15 and the hollow pipe 19 to reach the burning area of the cigarette to play a role in flame extinguishing.

In some embodiments, the hollow tube 19 is surrounded by the same tobacco as the tobacco region 12, but is denser and/or denser than other regions, so that the hollow tube 19 disposed in the tobacco region 12 does not It affects the mouthfeel and smell of cigarettes, and any cigarette factory can use tobacco for making cigarettes to make this kind of hollow tube. In some embodiments, the hollow tube 19 is surrounded by a paper material similar to cigarette paper. In addition to the above, the hollow tube 19 can be made of any non-toxic material that prevents the absorption of liquid into the tobacco region 12.

When in use, the smoker can actively extinguish the cigarette 10, and can also passively extinguish it without any manual intervention.

When the smoker wishes to self-extinguish the cigarette 10 but cannot find a suitable place, such as an ashtray or the like, pressure can be applied to the center of the filter 11 (as shown in FIG. 1B ). This pressure applied to the filter 11 will increase the pressure in the liquid tube 14 , causing the diaphragm 15 to rupture and the flame extinguishing liquid 16 in the liquid tube 14 to be released into the hollow tube 19 . Regardless of the length of the cigarette, once the cigarette burns, the compressed gas 18 will allow the released liquid to flow to the burning zone of the cigarette 10 and extinguish it. Therefore, the smoker can immediately extinguish the cigarette 10 by one-hand action, so as to prevent the cigarette from continuing to burn and causing a fire after being discarded.

When the cigarette burns to the filter 11, the high temperature near the membrane 15 causes the membrane to rupture. Under the pressure of the compressed gas 18 applied to the flame extinguishing liquid 16, the flame extinguishing liquid 16 is released from the liquid pipe 14 and injected into the hollow pipe 19, and flows to the burning area of the cigarette 10, so that the cigarette can be automatically extinguished without the smoker actively extinguishing it. , Spontaneously extinguish.

For reference, FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B respectively show a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a cigarette flame extinguishing device based on the teaching of the present invention in a deactivated state and a flame extinguished state. The embodiment shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B shows active and passive extinguishing of cigarettes based on the principle of release of extinguishing liquid under the pressure of a compressed spring.

As shown in Figs. 2A and 2B, a cigarette 20 has a filter 21 and a tobacco region 22, and a liquid tube 24 is provided in the filter 21 . Typically, the cross-sectional diameter of the liquid pipe is less than 3 mm, and its length matches the length of the filter tip 21 . Typically, the liquid tube 24 is located in the center of the filter, its proximal end is about 0.5 cm from the proximal end of the filter 21 so that the proximal end of the liquid tube is hidden in the filter 21 , and its distal end extends into the tobacco area 22 by about 0.5 cm.

The liquid tube 24 may be inserted into the filter 21 during manufacture of the cigarette 20, or injected therein after the filter 21 is installed. Arranging the liquid tube 24 in this manner does not interfere with the smoker's inhalation of combusted tobacco. The liquid tube 24 may be made of any suitable material having a certain thickness, but in some embodiments, the liquid tube 24 is made of nylon material or suitable plastic having a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm. The liquid tube 24 is closed by a membrane 25 as described below.

The liquid pipe 24 contains a sufficient capacity of extinguishing liquid 26, which can immediately extinguish the flame when the liquid flows into the burning area of the cigarette. The capacity of the extinguishing liquid 26 can be 0.05-0.2ml or about 0.15ml. The fire extinguishing liquid 26 in the liquid pipe 24 can be selected from any suitable fire extinguishing liquid, such as water, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and the like. Also arranged in the liquid pipe 24 , at the proximal end of the flame extinguishing liquid 26 and the diaphragm 25 is a compression coil spring 27 , which maintains a compressed state under the pressure of the flame extinguishing liquid 26 . In some embodiments, the proximal end of spring 27 is approximately 1 mm from the proximal end of cigarette 20 . The proximal end of the spring 27 is provided with a button 28 connected thereto, and the spring 27 will be released when the button is pressed. In some embodiments, the distal end of the spring 27 is connected to the proximal end of the diaphragm 25, so that the liquid tube 24, the spring 27 and the diaphragm 25 integrally form an injection device.

Diaphragm 25 is arranged at the far end of liquid pipe 24 and plays the effect of sealing liquid, and typically, diaphragm 25 is generally conical, and is sensitive to pressure and high temperature, and enough pressure and/or high temperature acting on diaphragm 25 will cause its The helical spring 27 is released by rupture, and finally the flame extinguishing liquid 26 in the liquid pipe 26 is released. In some embodiments, the diaphragm 25 is made of very thin nylon, such as nylon with a thickness of about 0.1 mm. In view of the thinness of the nylon membrane, the pressure generated by the release of the spring 27 or the high temperature near the membrane 25 (such as the temperature of the burning area of the cigarette 20 or the temperature near the burning area) will cause the rupture of the membrane 25 .

A hollow tube 29 is provided at the distal end of the membrane 25 and extends from the membrane 25 through the tobacco region 22 to the distal end of the cigarette 20 . Typically, the hollow tube 29 terminates at a short distance from the distal end of the cigarette 20, such as about 0.5 cm from the distal end of the cigarette, so that it is not visible at the distal end of the cigarette 20. In some embodiments, hollow tube 29 is connected to the distal end of fluid tube 24 or septum 25 . Typically, the hollow tube 29 is made to allow the flame extinguishing fluid 26 to pass through without being absorbed by the tobacco of the tobacco zone 22 . Based on this, when the diaphragm 25 is ruptured, the liquid in the liquid pipe 24 flows through the diaphragm 25 and the hollow pipe 29 to reach the burning area of the cigarette for flame extinguishing.

In some embodiments, hollow tube 29 is surrounded by the same tobacco as tobacco region 22, but is denser and/or denser than other regions of tobacco composition, so that hollow tube 29 disposed in tobacco region 22 does not It affects the mouthfeel and smell of cigarettes, and any cigarette factory can use tobacco for making cigarettes to make this kind of hollow tube. In some embodiments, the hollow tube 29 is surrounded by a paper material similar to cigarette paper. In addition to the above, the hollow tube 29 can be made of any non-toxic material that prevents absorption of liquid into the tobacco region 22.

When in use, the smoker can either actively extinguish the cigarette 20 or passively extinguish it without any manual intervention. When the smoker wishes to extinguish the cigarette 20 by himself but cannot find a suitable place, such as an ashtray or the like, he can press the button 28 (as shown in Figure 2B). The pressure applied to the button 28 will trigger the release of the pressure of the spring 27 , thereby causing the diaphragm 25 to rupture, and the flame extinguishing liquid 26 in the liquid pipe 24 to be released into the hollow pipe 26 . Regardless of the length of the cigarette, once the cigarette burns, the released liquid reaches the burning area of the cigarette 20 under the thrust of the release spring 27 and extinguishes the cigarette. Therefore, the smoker can immediately extinguish the cigarette 20 by one-hand action, so as to prevent the cigarette from continuing to burn and cause a fire after being discarded.

When the cigarette 20 burns to the filter tip, the high temperature near the membrane 25 causes the membrane to rupture and the pressure of the spring 27 is released. Under the action of the thrust of the release spring 27, the flame extinguishing liquid 26 is released from the liquid pipe 24 and injected into the hollow pipe 29, and flows to the burning area of the cigarette 20, so that the cigarette can be automatically and spontaneously extinguished without the smoker actively extinguishing it.

It should be appreciated that the cigarette extinguishing device shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIGS. 2A and 2B can be disposed of in any container without the need for an ashtray or removal of ash from the edges of the cigarettes. The amount of liquid in the liquid tube is sufficient to completely extinguish the cigarette, and even if a large amount of ash remains on the edge of the cigarette, it will not pose a fire hazard after being discarded.

It should be understood that, for the sake of clarity, some technical features of the present invention described in different embodiments may also be combined in one embodiment. Conversely, a plurality of technical features described in a single embodiment for the sake of brevity may be applied to multiple embodiments respectively, or be combined in any form. Certain features described in various embodiments are not considered essential features of those embodiments unless the embodiment would not be possible without those features.

The above descriptions are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It can be understood that the substitutions, modifications and variations directly derived or conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention shall be considered to be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Any reference cited or cited in this application shall not be construed as prior art to the present invention.

To facilitate the understanding of the description, the chapter headings used in this application should not be construed as necessary limitations on the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a cigarette blanket, comprising:

The liquid line being arranged in cigarette filter, described liquid line comprises the sufficient liquid for extinguishing described cigarette, and described liquid is under the pressure effect of pressurized gas in described liquid line;

The barrier film being arranged at described liquid line one end, described barrier film will break under pressure and one of them effect of high temperature, and compared with described liquid line, this barrier film is more responsive to pressure and high temperature; And

With the hollow tube that described barrier film is connected, described hollow tube extends through the tobacco district of described cigarette to described cigarette far-end,

Wherein: when described membrane ruptures, described liquid flows out in described liquid line, and described hollow tube arrives described combustion zone, by this cigarette extinction.

2. cigarette blanket according to claim 1, wherein: described barrier film initiatively applies pressure to filter tip because of smoker, pressure increase in liquid line and break; No matter cigarette length, after described membrane ruptures, under the effect of described liquid overpressure, the liquid in described liquid line is injected into described combustion zone through described barrier film and described hollow tube.

3. cigarette fire-extinguishing plant according to aforementioned arbitrary claim, wherein: break when described barrier film combustion high temperature in its vicinity, after described membrane ruptures, under described liquid overpressure effect, liquid in described liquid line is through described barrier film and the described combustion zone of the passive injection of described hollow tube, and liquid line like this is cleared.

4. cigarette blanket according to claim 1, wherein: described liquid line comprises injection device, this injection device comprises the compression spring being in described liquid line under liquid pressure effect, described compression spring one end is connected with described barrier film, the pressure that smoker applies on described cigarette filter makes the pressure of described compression spring be released, thus destroying barrier film, the barrier film of described liquid through breaking and described hollow tube are released into described combustion zone.

5. cigarette blanket according to claim 4, wherein: break under the combustion high temperature effect in its vicinity of described barrier film, cause the pressure release of described compression spring; And breaking and the pressure release of described compression spring due to described barrier film, the liquid in described liquid line is injected into combustion zone through described barrier film and described hollow tube.

6. cigarette blanket according to aforementioned arbitrary claim, wherein: the compressed gas volume in described liquid line is no more than the 25% of described liquid line cumulative volume.

7. a manufacture method for cigarette blanket, the method comprises:

Liquid line inserts cigarette filter central authorities, and described liquid line passes filter tip from described filter tip proximal end region and extends to the tobacco district of described cigarette;

Flame-out liquid is packed into described liquid line, described liquid inner air tube is compressed simultaneously so that it is the liquid in described liquid line can be applied pressure;

Arranging barrier film at described liquid line far-end, described barrier film can break under pressure and high temperature at least one of them effect, and compared to described liquid line tube wall, this barrier film is more responsive to pressure and high temperature; And

In described liquid line far-end, hollow tube is connected on barrier film, makes this hollow tube extend through described cigarette tobacco district, when described membrane ruptures, its can make the flame-out liquid in described liquid line by and flow to combustion zone, to play flame-out effect;

The method also comprises: except described liquid, compression spring is inserted in liquid line, under this compression spring is in the pressure effect of described liquid liquid in pipe, its far-end is connected with described barrier film, apply to cause the pressure of described compression spring to be released in described filter-tip pressure, and destroy described barrier film, once membrane ruptures, no matter cigarette length, after liquid liquid in pipe discharges, barrier film through breaking and described hollow tube flow to combustion zone.

8. method according to claim 7, wherein: the described barrier film step that arranges comprises and arranges following barrier film, this barrier film be in pressure effect and be exposed to combustion high temperature at least one of them situation time break, once this membrane ruptures, under the pressure effect of the pressurized air in described liquid line, described liquid is injected into described combustion zone through described barrier film and described hollow tube, and said liquid line is cleared.

9. method according to claim 7, the method also comprises except described liquid, compression spring is inserted in described liquid line, under this compression spring is in the pressure effect of described liquid liquid in pipe, its far-end is connected with described barrier film, applies to cause the pressure of described compression spring to be released in described filter-tip pressure, once membrane ruptures, no matter cigarette length, after described liquid liquid in pipe discharges, barrier film through breaking and described hollow tube flow to combustion zone.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein: the described barrier film step that arranges comprises and arranges following barrier film, this barrier film breaks under the effect being exposed to combustion high temperature, when this membrane ruptures, the pressure of described compression spring is released, and described liquid injects described combustion zone through described barrier film and described hollow tube.