CN105399588A - Low-temperature propellant additive - Google Patents
Low-temperature propellant additive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105399588A CN105399588A CN201510775262.XA CN201510775262A CN105399588A CN 105399588 A CN105399588 A CN 105399588A CN 201510775262 A CN201510775262 A CN 201510775262A CN 105399588 A CN105399588 A CN 105399588A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- additive
- gunpowder
- heat
- dry ice
- liquid nitrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical class O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a low-temperature propellant additive. Raw production materials include ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, dry ice and liquid nitrogen; and a raw material for additive production is one of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, dry ice and liquid nitrogen. The additive after being used in gunpowder has the following effects that the heat utilization efficiencies of gunpowder, explosives and propellants are increased; the working temperature is lowered, and unnecessary negative effects are reduced; the efficiencies of gunpowder, explosives and propellants are improved, and due to the usage of a gasification additive, the discharge of environmental pollutants is also reduced; and in the military dimension, because the discharge of heat is reduced, an effect of infrared and ultraviolet stealth is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low temperature emission powder additive, belong to powder additive applied technical field.
Background technology
Because a large amount of heat is released in burning time gunpowder is had an effect, cause products of combustion to heat up, boost, this is result.In fact high pressure is only the object of pursuit, and powder burning is one of means pursuing object just.
People has been had to make air rifle with pressurized air as propulsion source at present; Promote jet of water with pressurized air and make water rocket.During the sixties in 20th century, when construction " Red-Flag Canal ", in order to save gunpowder, add some other materials in gunpowder, conclusion does not affect blast effectiveness.
Utilizing heat energy to produce the device of power, is all " heat engine ".The basic theories of heat engine is carnot's theorem.This theorem points out that the method improving thermo-efficiency has two, and first is the high-temperature temperature improving acting beginning; Second is the final temperature reducing acting end; We can consider, in existing gunpowder working process, heat up do work to some materials, start second carnot's working cycle acting process simultaneously, realize more fierce expansion, can reduce acting finishing temperature simultaneously.
From energy conservation theoretical analysis, when the heat of powder burning release is certain, finally discharged tail gas, wake flame temperature are lower, and the heat of waste reduces, and obviously should have higher thermo-efficiency!
At present in the process using all kinds of gunpowder, incidentally produce high temperature, the heat waster after having done work is larger.For military aspect, then cannot realize infrared, ultraviolet is stealthy, easily exposes firing point etc.
A kind of gunpowder is not had by increasing additive in prior art, the heat energy absorbing gunpowder release improves the utilising efficiency of gunpowder, explosive, propelling agent, or reduce the effect of working temperature, therefore design a kind of novel expansion, gasifying additive is people's technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of low temperature emission powder additive, to solve the problem proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: a kind of low temperature emission powder additive, makes raw material and comprises bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, dry ice and liquid nitrogen.
Further, additive making raw material is the one in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, dry ice and liquid nitrogen.
Further, described additive, with the ratio of 1% ~ 80%, mixes with existing all kinds of gunpowder and adds.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: this additive is used in gunpowder, has following effect: the combustion heat utilising efficiency improving gunpowder, explosive, propelling agent;
Reduce working temperature, reduce unnecessary counter productive;
Gunpowder, explosive, propellant utilization efficiency improve, and the use of heat absorption expansion additive, also reduces environmental pollutant discharge;
Be used in military aspect to reduce due to heat dissipation, realize infrared, ultraviolet is stealthy.
Embodiment
The technique means realized for making the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
The invention provides a kind of technical scheme: a kind of low temperature emission powder additive, make raw material and comprise bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, dry ice and liquid nitrogen.
Further, additive making raw material is the one in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, dry ice and liquid nitrogen.
Further, described additive, with the ratio of 1% ~ 80%, mixes with existing all kinds of gunpowder and adds.
The fundamental principle using raw material to make additive needs solid-state, the liquid condition according to different gunpowder work, temperature of combustion condition when gunpowder uses, and the condition of storage before gunpowder uses is selected.Common object is when not affecting pyrophoric ignition, combustion processes, absorbs the heat of gunpowder reaction release, realizes vaporization, gasification is expanded, and makes full use of the heat energy of burning release, realizes more fierce expansion, supercharging.
Embodiment 1:
In existing bullet propelling charge, add the bicarbonate of ammonia of 5% ~ 20%, the normal work of gunpowder can not be affected, also do not participate in the reaction of gunpowder.Bicarbonate of ammonia heat when powder burning is decomposed into ammonia, water, carbonic acid gas, and Solid endothermic gasifies, and under atmospheric pressure volumetric expansion about 3000 times, the swelling pressure of absorbing heat under sealed environment sharply rise, and the heat energy of powder burning is more fully converted into expansion potential energy.Promote Projectile Motion; Meanwhile, although it is fierce to expand, material total amount increases, and also brings total material intensification top temperature to decline, and the exhaust temperature after having done work reduces.
Embodiment 2:
In existing bullet propelling charge, add the volatile salt of 5% ~ 20%, the normal work of gunpowder can not be affected, also do not participate in the reaction of gunpowder.Volatile salt heat when powder burning is decomposed into ammonia, water, carbonic acid gas, and Solid endothermic gasifies, and under atmospheric pressure volumetric expansion about 3000 times, the swelling pressure of absorbing heat under sealed environment sharply rise, and the heat energy of powder burning is more fully converted into expansion potential energy.Promote Projectile Motion; Meanwhile, although it is fierce to expand, material total amount increases, and also brings total material intensification top temperature to decline, and the exhaust temperature after having done work reduces.
Embodiment 3:
In existing liquid propellant, add the dry ice of 5% ~ 20%, the normal work of cryogenic liquid gunpowder can not be affected, also do not participate in the reaction of gunpowder.Dry ice heat gasification when powder burning is gaseous carbon dioxide, and Solid endothermic gasifies, and under atmospheric pressure volumetric expansion about 1000 times, the swelling pressure of absorbing heat under sealed environment sharply rise, and the heat energy of powder burning is more fully converted into expansion potential energy.Promote Projectile Motion; Meanwhile, although it is fierce to expand, material total amount increases, and also brings total material intensification top temperature to decline, and the exhaust temperature after having done work reduces.
Embodiment 4:
In existing liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen class I liquid I propelling charge, add the liquid nitrogen of 5% ~ 20%, the normal work of cryogenic liquid gunpowder can not be affected, also do not participate in the reaction of liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen.Liquid nitrogen heat gasification when liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen reactive combustion is gaseous nitrogen atmosphere, and liquid endothermic gasification, under atmospheric pressure volumetric expansion about 700 times, the swelling pressure of absorbing heat under sealed environment sharply rise, and the heat energy of burning is more fully converted into expansion potential energy.Meanwhile, although it is fierce to expand, material total amount increases, and also brings total material intensification top temperature to decline, and the exhaust temperature after having done work reduces.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention, to those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this specification sheets is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification sheets is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by specification sheets integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (3)
1. a low temperature emission powder additive, makes raw material and comprises bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt dry ice and liquid nitrogen; It is characterized in that: the making raw material of additive is bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, dry ice and liquid nitrogen.
2. a kind of low temperature emission powder additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: additive making raw material is the one in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, dry ice and liquid nitrogen.
3. a kind of low temperature emission powder additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described additive, with the ratio of 1% ~ 80%, mixes with existing all kinds of gunpowder and adds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510775262.XA CN105399588A (en) | 2015-11-15 | 2015-11-15 | Low-temperature propellant additive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510775262.XA CN105399588A (en) | 2015-11-15 | 2015-11-15 | Low-temperature propellant additive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105399588A true CN105399588A (en) | 2016-03-16 |
Family
ID=55465397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510775262.XA Pending CN105399588A (en) | 2015-11-15 | 2015-11-15 | Low-temperature propellant additive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105399588A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105756810A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-13 | 苟仲武 | High-efficiency solid hybrid power rocket engine method and device |
| CN105822458A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-03 | 苟仲武 | Low-temperature solid rocket engine |
| CN107266274A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-20 | 上海哈勃化学技术有限公司 | A kind of low temperature gas-forming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114229047A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A star-rocket separation device based on rapid gasification of liquid CO2 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1340437A (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-20 | 陈泽民 | Flame-retarding insubmersible air bag unit and its application |
| CN1368944A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-09-11 | 澳瑞凯炸药技术有限公司 | Emulsion explosive |
| CN1761636A (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2006-04-19 | 奥托里夫Asp股份有限公司 | Binder fillers and methods for gas generating agents and related compositions |
| CN101977878A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2011-02-16 | 达里安·诺曼德·斯旺森 | Method for diamond generation by detonation using detonation recipe with positive to neutral oxygen balance |
| CN104481733A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 苟仲武 | Efficient and environmentally-friendly liquid propellant rocket engine |
-
2015
- 2015-11-15 CN CN201510775262.XA patent/CN105399588A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1368944A (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2002-09-11 | 澳瑞凯炸药技术有限公司 | Emulsion explosive |
| CN1340437A (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-20 | 陈泽民 | Flame-retarding insubmersible air bag unit and its application |
| CN1761636A (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2006-04-19 | 奥托里夫Asp股份有限公司 | Binder fillers and methods for gas generating agents and related compositions |
| CN101977878A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2011-02-16 | 达里安·诺曼德·斯旺森 | Method for diamond generation by detonation using detonation recipe with positive to neutral oxygen balance |
| CN104481733A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 苟仲武 | Efficient and environmentally-friendly liquid propellant rocket engine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JAI PRAKASH AGRAWAL: "《高能材料-火药、炸药和烟火药》", 30 July 2015, 国防工业出版社 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105756810A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-13 | 苟仲武 | High-efficiency solid hybrid power rocket engine method and device |
| CN105822458A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-03 | 苟仲武 | Low-temperature solid rocket engine |
| CN107266274A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-20 | 上海哈勃化学技术有限公司 | A kind of low temperature gas-forming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114229047A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A star-rocket separation device based on rapid gasification of liquid CO2 |
| CN114229047B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-06-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Liquid CO-based2Satellite and rocket separating device capable of being quickly gasified and pushed |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160316 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |