CN105342555A - 糖尿病患者综合评估方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种糖尿病患者综合评估方法。它是对糖尿病患者在一段时间内的基本资料、基本病史、重要病史、体格检查、危险因素、实验室检查、并发症、药物治疗、运动、饮食、糖尿病教育、指标监测等方面进行分析,从而得出一个综合性结论的报告,确定下一阶段治疗的首要目标值和次要目标值。
Description
技术领域
本操作方法是对糖尿病患者在一段时间内的基本资料、基本病史、重要病史、体格检查、危险因素、实验室检查、并发症、药物治疗、运动、饮食、糖尿病教育、指标监测等方面进行分析,从而得出一个综合性结论的报告,确定下一阶段治疗的首要目标值和次要目标值。
背景技术
目前对糖尿病患者的评估主要是医生根据自己临床经验,结合查体和实验室检查结果进行评判,其它因素考虑少,并且没有出具一个正式的评估报告。同一个患者因不同医生的临床经验差异,评估时考虑的因素也会不一样,同一个医生也不可能对同一患者每次评估时所考虑的内容保持完全一致。
发明内容
为了克服现有评估内容少、评估内容不一致、没有正式的报告等问题,本操作使用方法提供了一种评估方法,它通过采集相关数据,自动为患者出具一份综合性评估报告,并可打印输出,保证了任何人、任何时间进行评估时所考虑的因素都一样。
本操作使用方法解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:通过采集糖尿病患者在一段时间内的基本资料、基本病史、重要病史、体格检查、实验室检查、药物治疗、运动、饮食、糖尿病教育、指标监测等数据后,自动判断危险因素、并发症和下一阶段治疗的首要目标值和次要目标值的内容,并且首要目标值和次要目标值中的内容可根据患者情况和治疗效果自动调整,医生只需根据自己临床经验对以上的评估内容做出自己的建议。
本操作使用方法的有益效果是,任何一位医生为任何一位患者在任何时间都能出具一份有11个项目的评估报告,便于患者对当前和未来的治疗情况做到心中有数,治疗目标定量化。
附图说明
图1是本操作使用方法的糖尿病综合评估报告格式,由11个项目组成。
具体实施方式
整个评估报告由11个项目组成,每一个项目均自动筛选出阳性值,并列表显示。
1、个人基本资料:包含个人编号、姓名、性别、出生日期、民族、文化程度、年龄、职业、婚姻、费用类别、电话、医保编号、住址、单位、药物过敏史、出入院日期等。
2、个人基本病史:包含初诊/复诊/周期性评估、糖尿病(怀疑/已确诊)、分类与分型、确诊日期、确诊医院、吸烟、饮酒、发生过昏迷等。
3、糖尿病教育:包含本医院内的DM学习班、本医院内的DM护士教育、DM协会的DM教育、自我DM监测至少4次/年、监测方式、每年受教育次数等。
4、重要病史:包含心血管系统(高血压、心绞痛、心衰、冠心病、心肌梗塞、VABG/血管成型术)、中枢神经系统(脑卒中残留后遗症、脑卒中后完全恢复、诊断日期)、截肢(手指、腕以下、腕-肘、肘以上、截、踝以下、踝-膝、膝以上、截肢日期)、并发症(DM视网膜病变、DM足、动脉粥样硬化、DM外周神经病变、DM肾病、DM自主神经病变、DM心脏病、DM白内障、冠心病、下肢动脉硬化、脑卒中、其它)、其它(PVD治疗(搭桥术/血管成型术)、移植、透析、恶性肿瘤、重要症状[跛行、尿失禁、尿潴留、性欲降低、间歇性吐、间歇性便秘、间歇性夜间或清晨腹泻、大便失禁、下肢麻木、上肢麻木、下肢疼痛、上肢疼痛、视物模糊、视力下降]、在过去1年内糖尿病专科门诊随访次数、在过去1年是否到过专科门诊就诊、过去1年内住院次数、住院原因[血糖失控、怀疑得了并发症、泌尿系统感染、肺部感染、糖尿病足、心脏病、眼病、胃肠病变、胆道感染、外周神经病变、中枢神经病变、其它]、合并的其它疾病、病程等。
5、体格检查:包含身高、体重、BMI、腰围、臀围、WHR、足部检查(足背动脉、坏疽或溃疡、皮肤干燥、10g细丝足背触觉、足趾变形、踝收缩压)、眼部检查(裸眼视力、矫正视力、白内障、白内障摘除、眼压/青光眼、视网膜内微血管异常、虹膜发红、玻璃切除、新生血管、硬性渗出物、视网膜病变分期、微血管瘤、玻璃体积血、牵引性视网膜脱离、视网膜水肿、可以看见视网膜、激光瘢痕、黄斑病变、出血、软性渗出物)、动脉超声检查(颈动脉、股动脉、腘动脉)、心电图(正常、左心室高电压、左心室肥厚、左心房扩大、左束支传导阻滞、左前分支传导阻滞、左后分支传导阻滞、右束支传导阻滞、不定型室内传导阻滞、中隔支传导阻滞、ST-T改变、心室壁再梗死、右心房扩大、右心室肥厚、心肌缺血、缺血型T波改变、缺血型ST段改变、缺血型ST段下降、原发性T波改变、急性心内膜下心肌缺血、急性心外膜下心肌缺血、变异性心绞痛、前间壁心肌梗死、前壁心肌梗死、前侧壁心肌梗死、高侧壁心肌梗死、后壁心肌梗死、下壁心肌梗死、心尖部心肌梗死、右室心肌梗死、广泛前壁心肌梗死、陈旧期心肌梗死、急性心肌梗死、心室壁瘤、其它)、超声心电图、其它(自主神经功能检查[深呼吸时每分钟心率差、立卧位30/15比值、立卧位血压差]、胃肠功能检查[胆结石、胃排空、胃电图]、感觉神经传导速度[腓总神经、正中神经、尺神经]、足部检查[麻木、疼痛、色素沉着、真菌感染、溃疡瘢痕、胼胝、足趾变形、10g细丝足跖触觉、第一趾振动觉、内踝振动觉、第一趾背部针刺觉、踝反射、PVD、踝/臀收缩压比值]、颈动脉搏B超检查[粥样斑块、动脉内膜厚度]、糖尿病神经病变[大拇指振动觉、大拇指背针刺觉、大拇指背10g细丝触觉、力量试验、大拇指振动觉、手指伸展、大拇指伸展、踝背曲、反射检查、肱二头肌、肱三头肌、肱四头肌])等。
6、危险因素:包含吸烟、高血压、血脂紊乱、蛋白尿、肥胖、血糖控制差、DM阳性家族史、冠心病史、脑卒中史、高尿酸血症、高游离脂肪酸血症、高hsCRP等。
7、实验室检查:包含空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白、C-反应蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、尿素氮、血清肌酐、游离脂肪酸、尿酸、尿常规、尿白蛋白定量、尿白蛋白/Cr比值、口服葡萄糖耐量试验、胰岛素释放试验、C肽释放试验、CBG监测(空腹、餐后2小时、午餐前、午餐后2小时、晚餐前、晚餐后2小时、22:00、0:00、3:00)等。
8、并发症:重要病史中的阳性值。
9、目标值:包含“首要目标值”和“次要目标值”,它们与各自的正常范围值进行对比后,自动判断异常项目,并列表显示。
首要目标值:包含BMI、WHR、血压、空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、HDL-胆固醇、LDL-胆固醇等。
次要目标值:包含尺神经感觉神经传导速度、正中感觉神经传导速度、腓总神经运动神经传导速度、颈动脉内膜厚度、呼吸心率差、立卧位30/15比值、血清肌酐、尿酸、游离脂肪酸、尿白蛋白定量、空腹胰岛素、餐后2小时胰岛素、尿素氮等。
10、治疗(当前治疗、今后治疗):医生根据自动评估报告内容,接合临床经验对患者按降糖治疗、胰岛素治疗、降脂治疗、降压治疗、冠心病治疗等5个方面分别列出现在的治疗方案和下一步的治疗方案。
11、医生建议:列出本次评估后医生需特别说明的内容。
Claims (2)
1.一种糖尿病患者的综合评估方法,通过采集相关数据,自动为患者出具一份有11个项目的评估报告,并可打印输出。其特征是:是对糖尿病患者在一段时间内的基本资料、基本病史、重要病史、体格检查、危险因素、实验室检查、并发症、药物治疗、运动、饮食、糖尿病教育、指标监测等11个项目进行分析,从而得出一个综合性结论的报告,确定下一阶段治疗的首要目标值和次要目标值。
2.根据权利要求1所述的糖尿病患者的综合评估方法,其特征是:个人基本资料、个人基本病史、糖尿病教育、重要病史、体格检查、危险因素、实验室检查、并发症、目标值(首要目标值、次要目标值)、治疗(当前治疗、今后治疗)、医生建议等11个项目出现在一个页面上,并且危险因素、并发症、目标值(首要目标值、次要目标值)等项目均可自动产生。
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