Summary of the invention
Because the cotton mass that enters to stand one or more levels rising cleaning process according to the cleaning quality expected, cleaning mechanism of the present invention provides more effective cleaning, thus achieves the lifting of processing cotton quality.
Although primary or initial object of the present invention is a part for the harvester head being used as stripping type cotton harvester, but due to its adaptability, the present invention easily can be applied to the static cleaning mechanism on field, is even applied to the equipment that equipment in ginnery etc. is larger.
Constructivity and functional element are disposed in cleaning process, obtain larger effect, thus obtain the quantity of converted products and the lifting of quality.The design of cleaning mechanism is suitable for being applied to limited region, the harvester head etc. of such as harvester.
Please note, in textile industry, people more and more pay close attention to the existence of the string coming from cotton plants, such string (especially scurf) can pollute cotton fiber and affect the quality of spinning products, and this freezes crop, become dry and even more serious in using stripping system evening of carrying out to receive when causing the branch stalk of problem and fragment under easily coming off.
For problem recited above, existing most of cleaning equipment has the device reclaimed the cotton also not having cleaned device to receive in a first stage, and these cleaning equipments are also carrying out " recovery " the impurity or detritus that may cause described problem, simultaneously in fact from " recovery " some cottons whole wastes, this is without any significant benefit.
Therefore, the object of the invention is: when not using retracting device, that carry out in level before rolling barrel processes can't harm and no matter single-stage, twin-stage or more multistage in all can realize the cotton process of effectively clearing up, thus the quality of raising product.Described process does not comprise any recovery level.
In order to obtain described process, the preferred embodiment of raw cotton cleaning mechanism of the present invention comprises:
A. cotton transmission feed arrangement;
B. bracket, described bracket is positioned at the below of described cotton transmission feed arrangement;
C. at least one cleaning module, described module comprises:
I. have the rotation rolling barrel of hackly surface, described rotation rolling barrel receives and process transmits the cotton of feed arrangement from described cotton;
Ii. rotating brush, the end of described rotating brush contacts with the described hackly surface of described rotation rolling barrel;
D. pipeline, at least one rotating brush is communicated with cotton receiver by described pipeline; With
E. cotton transmitting device, is used for cotton to be extracted into discharge mechanism from described cotton receiver.
When harvester carries out ginning, cleaning mechanism of the present invention is included in the assembly run in a continuous manner in cotton cleaning process.Cleaning process operates clearly in two continuous print levels, all processes whole cotton and produces actual effective two steps, three steps or multistep cleaning, which constitute the main advantage of this cleaning mechanism in two levels.In addition, as in detail like that disclosed below, the cotton stream in described level rises, and this is the feature that promotion impurity is separated with cotton.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the single-stage cleaning mechanism of a part for the harvester head as stripping type machine.In described Fig. 1, depict the slope that is arranged to rise and across the fluted net grid of tool formed by prominent pawl (finger) or tooth (teeth) of whole harvester head width, grid or large " comb " 1, by this way, once described machine advances, cotton plant and cotton leaf just transmit downwards via described groove, but stay from plant and take or separate cotton boll, and cotton boll being deposited on described net grid or grid.
In a preferred embodiment, the described prominent pawl of net grid or grid 1 or tooth have the rib-like profile of " V " or " U " shape, and but the assembling of described prominent pawl or tooth is rigidity in vertical direction allows compliant motion or oscillating movement in the horizontal direction.
Above net grid or grid 1, be provided with the turnstile 2 or rotor with perching knife, described perching knife has flexible edge, and the device (not shown) of the position be provided with for adjusting turnstile 2 and rotary speed.By the rotation of turnstile 2, the cotton boll on net grid 1 is pushed to the upper end of high portion net output grid 1 until cotton boll overflows of net grid 1 thus enters next stage by the perching knife of turnstile 2.
Cotton transmission inlet 3 (being band fin roller bearing in the preferred embodiments of the present invention) runs in concave cradle 4, to rotate with turnstile 2 slow-speed of revolution in the same way, promotes to receive from described turnstile 2 the cotton of coming.Described bracket 4 substantially smoothly and cave in a little, does not have perforation or projection.
And then described concave cradle 4 is cleaning mechanism body, and cleaning mechanism body comprises rotation rolling barrel 5, rotates the length of rolling barrel 5 also across the whole width of harvester head.Its cylindrical peripheral is coated with zigzag/tooth-like part or region, described section or region have the sharp and tooth profile polished smooth, and when when this portion or region are rotated in one direction, described tooth profile is firmly grasped cotton and rotates in the reverse direction, described tooth profile easily gets loose cotton or take off cotton.Described rotation rolling barrel 5 rotates with high periphery tangential velocity (adjustable as required), hooking and transmit by cotton transmission inlet 3 or band fin roller bearing the cotton of coming, producing acceleration and centrifugal action fast to being attached to the cotton mass rotating rolling barrel 5.
Be subject to above the rotation rolling barrel 5 of centrifugal action making cotton attached to it, the position tangent with described rotation rolling barrel 5 is provided with rotating cylindrical brush 6, and the top of described rotating cylindrical brush just in time contacts the end of the serrated portion rotating rolling barrel 5.
The guider be made up of the sheet metal folded or bend or metallic plate extends along the whole width of harvester head, and can guide the flowing of clean cotton.
Rotating cylindrical brush 6 is preferably made up of several longitudinal unit, and its top and the ends contact of the serrated portion of rotation rolling barrel 5, make the cotton be hooked on the tooth of cylinder get loose.Preferably, the periphery tangential velocity of rotating brush 6 is about twices of the periphery tangential velocity of rolling barrel 5.Finally, towards the cotton transmitting device 8 being illustrated as auger conveyor, cotton is unloaded inlet pipe road 11 by described rotating brush 6.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shows the preferred embodiment of twin-stage cleaning mechanism, and twin-stage cleaning mechanism has two and rotates rolling barrel 5,5b and two rotating brush 6,6b.Second cleaning level can promote the quality of cotton greatly, and more effective compared with the speed of the operation of the second cleaning level and change single-stage cleaning mechanism assembly, diameter or size.Substantially the second level being arranged to top cleaning module formed by rotation rolling barrel 5b and rotating brush 6b also optimizes the space utilization occupied by twin-stage cleaning mechanism.
There are in the below of described rotation rolling barrel 5 two static brushes 9, static brush 9 to extend and by grow and the fiber of flexibility is made along the width of harvester head, and the position of static brush 9 can be carried out regulating relative to cylinder 5 and controlled contact on cylinder 5 and pressure result with this.In special situation or special condition, the static brush 9 of 3 or more can be set to guarantee the most effective hook to cotton.
One group of bar 10 extends along the whole width of harvester head, and bar 10 has the length substantially identical with rotating rolling barrel 5, parallel to each other and with the longitudinal axis of described rotation rolling barrel 5, bar 10 is partly around rotation rolling barrel 5.Keep predetermined distance between bar 10, and bar 10 is adjustable relative to the interval of the periphery of the serrated portion of rolling barrel 5.Bar 10 contributes to the eliminating of foreign matter by means of centrifugal action and impact or friction effect, by described foreign matter be hooked on rolling barrel 5 serrated portion and continue to be separated along the cotton of arc of rotation.
If be necessary to obtain the cotton of more high-quality or improve cotton quality, can arrange more multistage, described more multistagely have roller extra accordingly and brush.
In the second cleaning level, only need a static brush 9b, this is due to the fact that: cotton path this part in, cotton is part cleaning, open wide and spongiform, and single brush is just enough to " hook " cotton under the risk of losing without cotton.These are very different from the first condition of clearing up during level, in the first cleaning level, the cotton of newly rolling from plant has the impurity (leaf bits, green capsule, branch stalk and boll etc.) that very many obstruction cottons are attached to zigzag cylinder, thus needs more than one static brush 9.
Described static brush 9,9b are longitudinal static brushes, and described static state brush has length and the fiber of flexibility relative to angled position, the periphery of zigzag cylinder, and this static brushing tool has adjustable pressure.Static brush 9,9b carry out combing to the cotton stream be positioned on zigzag cylinder and flush with serrated portion to make cotton flow, and guarantee that cotton is kept a firm hand on and makes heavy foreign matter be separated with cotton and be removed.To arrange and these static brushes of smooth cotton can be two or more, to guarantee that zigzag rolling barrel need not use to the complete crawl of cotton the device reclaimed the cotton do not captured.
Above mentioned and rotate rolling barrel 5,5b parallel and equally spaced bar 10,10b have predetermined diameter, interval and with serrated portion distance apart, and all can regulate as required, described bar is normally columniform, or has square or polygonal cross section.Preferably, these parallel bars 10,10b do not comprise cross-member, because cross-member can hook cotton.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, pipeline 11b can guide the cotton of being discharged by rotating brush 6 until cotton and second rotates rolling barrel 5b contacts.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, pipeline 11 can guide until arrive cotton receiver 7 to the cotton of being discharged by rotating brush 6,6b respectively, cotton receiver 7 comprises cotton transmitting device 8, cotton is flatly moved to the one or both sides of harvester head by cotton transmitting device 8, thus cotton is moved to corresponding unload zone (not shown).Described cotton transmitting device 8 can be conveyer belt, chain or screw type, or can be pneumatic or other form of air-flowing type.
About the operation (operation especially in twin-stage cleaning process) of cleaning mechanism of the present invention, the cotton boll to be rolled that process starts from by turnstile 2 pushes transmits inlet 3 (preferably until cotton boll arrives cotton, the band fin swing roller of minor diameter), cotton transmission inlet 3 rotates with the slow-speed of revolution above bracket 4 recessed a little, and bracket 4 is level and smooth and does not have perforation or projection.Due to aforesaid feature, described bracket 4 can make cotton boll with in fact complete form, smoothly and when passing through without any extruding (extruding cotton fiber may be made to mix with the impurity of enclosing).
When cotton is gathered in, described cotton transmission inlet 3 allows the continuous transmission of cotton, and mobile described cotton is until cotton contacts with the serrated portion of rotation rolling barrel 5.When cotton transmission inlet 3 supplies cotton, the tooth of described serrated portion hooks cotton with high tangential velocity and pull cotton in the direction of rotation rotating rolling barrel 5.
Static brush 9 pairs of cotton streams arrange, and brush cotton and flush with serrated portion to make cotton, guarantee to firmly grasp cotton and make the heavy foreign matters such as such as green capsule be separated with cotton and be removed.
In addition, the discharge of foreign matter is carried out continuously through bar 10.Added impact or the friction effect of foreign matter and bar by centrifugal action, the interval of bar 10 arrange described foreign matter can be made to loosen and by foreign matter be hooked on the cotton of the continuation in the tooth rotating rolling barrel 5 along arc of rotation and be separated.
Partly clean cotton arrives the tangential contact point rotating rolling barrel 5 and rotating brush 6, and rotating brush 6 has the periphery tangential velocity of the periphery tangential velocity twice being about rotation rolling barrel 5.Therefore, rotating brush 6 makes all cottons of spinning rolling barrel 5 to get loose, and with circle transmission cotton fast by cavity (rotating brush rotates in the cavity), until cotton is discharged and is cast into the second rotation rolling barrel 5b by pipeline 11b, at this location point place, the second cleaning level starts.
Unlimited, loose and eliminate the cotton of major impurity once static brush 9b with second and contact, second clears up level just starts; The static state brush of the second static brush 9b and previous stage is similar, and brushing and smooth second rotates the cotton on rolling barrel 5b, prevents cotton from getting loose or loses.
Interval between the bar that can be less than the first cleaning level round the interval between the bar 10b rotating rolling barrel 5b, and can be less round the interval rotated between the bar 10b of rolling barrel 5b and the periphery rotating rolling barrel 5b, but this depends on the material of processing and adjustment to be taken.
Along the fast railway of the cotton on arc of rotation until cotton contacts with rotating brush 6b, cotton also stand centrifugal force and with the impact of bar 10b or the synergy of friction, this exacerbates getting loose of impurity, perfect cleaning effect.
In addition, in the rising part of the arc at different levels, gravity is conducive to getting loose of impurity (especially comparatively dense or heavier impurity), and this provides useful difference relative to the known cleaning system with descent direction.
Finally, clean cotton is discharged by rotating brush 6b at a high speed by pipeline 11, and cotton is driven in cotton receiver 7 by pipeline 11, and cotton is collected in the unload zone (not shown) of side by cotton receiver 7.Cotton receiver 7 can be provided with the groove that the cotton transmitting device 8 of the auger conveyor formula of cotton is flatly moved in multiple sector on a direction or both direction, or can be the groove of cotton transmitting device 8 of other form being provided with conveyer belt or chain type or pneumatic or air-flowing type.
Aforesaid accompanying drawing show rotating brush 6,6b end how with the upper contact on surface rotating rolling barrel 5,5b.