CN105284759B - Laser pest killing device and method - Google Patents
Laser pest killing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284759B CN105284759B CN201510794543.XA CN201510794543A CN105284759B CN 105284759 B CN105284759 B CN 105284759B CN 201510794543 A CN201510794543 A CN 201510794543A CN 105284759 B CN105284759 B CN 105284759B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种激光灭害装置及方法，利用害虫的视觉神经对特定波长范围的光的敏感性及其趋光性，以及部分椭球反射镜的光学性质诱导灭害；包括部分椭球反射镜、光源、光源支架以及带光阑的暗箱；具有一定发散角的光源在椭圆反射镜焦点区域发出的光线经过部分椭球反射镜的椭球反射后在椭球反射镜另一侧形成放大的光斑和与之对应的空间光罩；通过改变入射光在椭球反射镜上的反射点位置，使光罩由大变小，从而达到对害虫进行光学控制的目的；此装置的目的在于在诱杀害虫的同时避免对人体或环境的伤害，同时可以根据灭害环境的差异采取规模大小不同的发明装置，具有绿色高效的特点。
The invention discloses a laser killing device and method, which utilizes the sensitivity of the optic nerve of pests to light in a specific wavelength range and its phototaxis, as well as the optical properties of a partial ellipsoid mirror to induce killing; including a partial ellipsoid mirror , light source, light source bracket and obscura with diaphragm; the light emitted by the light source with a certain divergence angle in the focus area of the elliptical reflector is reflected by the ellipsoid of a part of the ellipsoid reflector and forms an enlarged light spot on the other side of the ellipsoid reflector and the corresponding space mask; by changing the position of the reflection point of the incident light on the ellipsoid reflector, the mask is changed from large to small, so as to achieve the purpose of optical control of pests; the purpose of this device is to trap and kill pests At the same time, it can avoid harm to the human body or the environment, and at the same time, according to the difference in killing the environment, different scales and sizes of invention devices can be adopted, which has the characteristics of green and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser, and particularly relates to a laser pest killing device and method.
Background
In agricultural production, pteridophyte pests bring large-area damage to crops, and aiming at the damage caused by the pests, the pest killing modes mainly divide two main categories of chemical pest killing and physical pest killing.
Chemical pest killing is to spray toxic chemical drugs directly in the environment where pests move, for example, in agricultural production, pests are killed by directly spraying pesticides on vegetation in a large area; in family life, mosquito is killed by mosquito-repellent incense or insecticide.
The physical pest killing is not to directly act toxic drugs in the environment, but to utilize various biological properties of pests for trapping and killing, for example, in agricultural production, physical methods such as sexual trapping and killing, yellow plate trapping and killing, sugar and vinegar trapping and killing, poison bait trapping and killing, poplar and willow branches trapping and killing are carried out by setting induction conditions by utilizing the 'tendency' of mosquitoes; in family life, the 'tendency' of mosquitoes is utilized to induce the mosquitoes to approach a preset device, and then the pests are killed by methods such as electric shock, sticking and catching and the like.
The above two major methods have advantages, but have the following disadvantages:
firstly, although the chemical pest killing method is efficient, the method can kill pests and cause pollution to the environment to a certain extent; the pesticide is used in agricultural production, so that the crop fruits are directly rich in the toxic pesticide, and the long-term eating of the pesticide can affect the human health;
secondly, although the physical pest killing method is pollution-free, the method has poor initiative, limited pest killing range and unobvious pest killing effect, and can not achieve very thorough and good pest killing effect;
thirdly, the existing chemical and physical methods for killing mosquitoes and flies only can kill mosquitoes and flies in a general housing space range, the methods are not easy to implement in a large breeding field or a large breeding area, the effect of the chemical method is reduced along with the expansion of the space range, and the chemical method has chemical injury, the number of mosquito killing devices is increased by the physical method for killing mosquitoes and flies, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a laser pest killing device and a laser pest killing method, which are used for carrying out light induction on pests by utilizing the phototactic characteristics of the pests and burning the pests to death under high-power illumination, thereby improving the physical pest killing effect.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser damage killing apparatus including an induction light generating unit; the induced light generating unit is used for generating controllable induced light, and the induced light forms light spots and light covers corresponding to the light spots; under the action of the inducing light, pests gather in the light shade; adjusting the mask coverage volume by controlling the induced light generating unit; when the mask coverage volume reaches the minimum, the induction light generating unit is adjusted to generate high-power laser to burn the gathered pests, so that the pests are killed.
Preferably, the induction light generating unit includes a light source and a control module; the light source can rotate around the vertical direction or translate along the horizontal direction under the action of the control module so as to adjust the coverage volume of the light cover.
Preferably, the control module comprises a dark box with a diaphragm, a partial ellipsoidal reflector and a light source bracket, wherein the partial ellipsoidal reflector and the light source bracket are arranged in the dark box;
wherein, the partial ellipsoid reflecting mirror is one fourth of the complete ellipsoid reflecting mirror, the length of the long axis is a, the length of the short axis is b, the focal length is c, and the eccentricity e is c/a; the length, the width and the height of the dark box with the diaphragm are a, b and b in sequence;
the light source is arranged below the partial ellipsoidal reflector, the geometric center of the light source is positioned between the geometric center of the partial ellipsoidal reflector and the first focus, and the distance d from the first focus is 0-0.2 c; wherein a, b, c and d are positive numbers;
the light source bracket is a bracket with controllable rotation or controllable translation, and the light source is arranged on the light source bracket.
Preferably, the angle of rotation of the rotation-controllable light source support in the vertical direction is
Wherein, the rotation in the counterclockwise direction is positive;
the translation range of the translation controllable light source support in the long axis direction of the partial ellipsoidal reflector is 0< L < 10R; wherein R is the effective light emission cross-sectional width of the light source.
Preferably, the diaphragm is circular, the diameter of the diaphragm is the same as the length b of the minor axis of the partial ellipsoidal mirror, and the induced light is emitted out of the dark box through the diaphragm; compared with a polygonal diaphragm, the circular diaphragm has the advantages of minimum area and high material utilization rate, and can maximally ensure the cleanness in the dark box when being placed in a field environment for a long time.
Preferably, the light source adopts a laser light source with the wavelength of 330 nm-400 nm, and emits annular or planar expanded light; since the optic nerve of most pests is sensitive to light with the wavelength of 330 nm-400 nm, the laser light source with the wavelength is selected in a targeted mode.
Preferably, the laser pest killing device further comprises a burning device for providing periodic high-power laser; the high-temperature burning device is positioned at a second focus of the partial ellipsoidal reflector, and the focus is outside the dark box; the high-temperature burning device adopts periodic high-power laser groups to kill pests.
Preferably, the laser pest killing device further comprises a capturing device for capturing pests; the capturing device is positioned at a second focus of the partial ellipsoidal reflector, and the focus is outside the dark box; the device does not directly kill pests, but naturally air-dries the captured pests.
Preferably, the laser pest control device further comprises a photocatalyst base material coated in the coverage range of the light spot; the photocatalyst base material generates carbon dioxide and water vapor under illumination, and creates a micro-temperature environment to play a role in assisting in insect attraction.
According to another aspect of the invention, a pest killing method based on the laser pest killing device is provided, and the purpose of optically controlling pests is achieved by using the optical property of the ellipsoidal reflector and the phototaxis of the pests, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) an extended laser light source (an annular light source and a planar light source) with a divergence angle is adopted, light rays emitted by the light source at one side of an ellipsoidal reflector are reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector, and an amplified light spot and a light shield corresponding to the amplified light spot are formed at the other side of the reflector;
(2) changing the position of a reflecting point of incident light on the ellipsoidal reflector to make the photomask change from big to small, and pests gather in the photomask due to phototaxis;
(3) when the light shield is minimum, the laser power of the laser light source is instantaneously increased, so that the instantaneous high power density in a small range is caused, and focused pests are killed.
Preferably, the method for changing the position of the reflection point of the incident light on the surface of the ellipsoidal reflector comprises: the incident angle is changed by rotating the light source with a fixed position, so that the aim of changing the position of the reflection point of the incident light on the surface of the ellipsoidal reflector is fulfilled; or the position of the reflecting point is changed by translating the light source with a fixed incident angle, so that the aim of changing the position of the reflecting point of the incident light on the surface of the ellipsoidal reflector is fulfilled.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the laser pest killing device and method, the characteristics that the visual nerve of pests is sensitive to light with certain wavelengths and has phototaxis are utilized, the dynamic photomask formed after the laser is reflected on the ellipsoid surface is adopted to capture the pests, the pest killing efficiency is high, and the device and method are nontoxic to the environment and have the characteristics of high efficiency and green;
(2) the laser pest killing device provided by the invention has small volume and is convenient to control, and the scale of the light source and the scale of the ellipsoid reflector device can be adjusted according to the space size of the pest killing environment required by the laser pest killing device, so that the laser pest killing device not only kills light in the covered range, but also has high environment portability;
(3) according to the laser pest killing device and method provided by the invention, the optimal scheme utilizes the characteristics that the visual nerve of pests is sensitive to the laser with the wavelength of 330 nm-400 nm and has phototaxis, and the dynamic photomask formed after the laser is reflected on the ellipsoid surface is adopted to capture the pests, so that the pest capturing efficiency is further improved;
(4) the laser pest killing device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, long service life, low failure rate and easy maintenance,
large value and high cost performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a laser pest killing device provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a view showing an initial state of a light path of the laser destruction device according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a process of changing an optical path of the laser destruction apparatus according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a view showing a final state of an optical path of the laser destruction device provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the reticle dimension variation caused by the elliptical surface type light source in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a laser destruction device according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a view showing an initial state of a light path of the laser destruction device according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a process of changing an optical path of the laser destruction apparatus according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 9 is a view showing a final state of an optical path of the laser destruction device provided in example 2;
FIG. 10 is a top view of the reticle dimensional change caused by the elliptical ring light source in example 2;
the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: 1-diaphragm, 2-part of an ellipsoid reflecting mirror, 3-dark box (an ellipsoid reflecting mirror mounting bracket) and 4-geometrical right focus I of the ellipsoid reflecting mirror; 5-dominant wavelength lambda1The laser light source, 6-titanium dioxide substrate photocatalyst and 7-part ellipsoid reflecting mirror geometric left focus II.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The laser pest killing device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the structure shown in figure 1, and comprises a partial ellipsoid reflecting mirror, a diaphragm, a dark box, a laser light source and a light source bracket photocatalyst base material;
wherein the major axis, the minor axis and the focal length of part of the ellipsoidal reflector are a, b and c in sequence; the length, width and height of the black box are a, b and b in sequence; the circular diaphragm is arranged on the side surface of the dark box, and the diameter of the circular diaphragm is b; the laser light source is fixed on the light source bracket and has a main wavelength of lambda1The effective light emission cross section width is R, and the geometric center of the effective light emission cross section is 0-0.2 c on the left side of the right focus I of the partial ellipsoidal reflector;
wherein the light source support can rotate or translateControlling; for the rotatable light source bracket, the included angle range between the rotation angle (anticlockwise rotation is positive) and the vertical direction is controlled
For the light source bracket capable of being controlled by translation, the translation distance L is<10*R。
The geometric center of the laser source is coincided with the right focus I of the ellipsoidal reflector; after light emitted by the light source is reflected by each reflection point on the inner wall of the partial ellipsoidal reflector, the projected areas of the left focus II of the partial ellipsoidal reflector are different, when the distance between the reflection point and the vertex of the short axis of the partial ellipsoidal reflector is far, the projected light spot area is large, and when the distance between the reflection point and the vertex of the short axis of the partial ellipsoidal reflector is near, the projected light spot area is small; when the area of the light spot is the minimum, the light shield formed by the light beam has the minimum coverage volume, and the pest convergence degree is the most dense; when the light cover volume reaches the minimum, the power of light emitted by the light source is increased, high power density in an instant small area range is formed, pests are burned and killed, and the effect of killing the pests is achieved.
The laser pest killing device and method provided by the invention are specifically described by combining two embodiments;
example 1
The laser pest killing device provided by the embodiment 1 is a laser mosquito killing device combining the optical property of an ellipsoid and a photocatalyst; the working environment is indoor, and the eccentricity of part of the ellipsoidal reflector
The long axis a is 70cm, and the focal length c is 50 cm; the surface type of the laser light source is a rotatable elliptical surface with a fixed position, and a rectangular surface light source can also be adopted; the dominant wavelength of the laser light source is 365 nm;
in the initial state of operation of the laser destruction apparatus provided in embodiment 1, the initial state of the optical path is shown in fig. 2, and the beam divergence angle θ1Is 9 degrees; angle of incidence alpha from vertical0Is 0 degree to 45 degrees; the light beam is reflected by part of the ellipsoidal reflector, passes through the diaphragm on the side surface of the dark box and irradiates the area with the left focus II as the center to form a larger light spot and a corresponding light spotThe space mask of (2); the photocatalyst coating substrate is arranged on the substrate, and can perform chemical reaction under the irradiation of light to generate harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor so as to create a micro-temperature environment;
after a first preset time period, under the comprehensive attraction of light, temperature and carbon dioxide, a large amount of mosquitoes are gathered in the photomask area; then the light source bracket rotates the laser light source along the counterclockwise direction to enable the incident angle alpha1To alpha045 degrees, the light path change state is shown in figure 3;
as the incident point is continuously close to the geometrical minor axis vertex of the partial ellipsoidal reflector, the light shield coverage formed on the other side is reduced due to the optical property of the partial ellipsoidal reflector; the area of light spots irradiated on the photocatalyst coating substrate is reduced, the area of the photocatalyst reaction is reduced, the range of carbon dioxide and water vapor emission is correspondingly reduced, and the mosquito groups attracted to the photocatalyst coating substrate in the initial state are further dense;
after a second preset time period, the light source bracket in the camera bellows is rotated anticlockwise for the third time, so that the incident angle alpha of the laser light source2Is alpha1-45 °; at this time, the reflection point is at the vertex of the minor axis of the ellipsoidal mirror, and the state of the light path change is shown in fig. 4; rotated to this point, the mask coverage area reaches a predetermined minimum, which in this embodiment is π c2Per 100, i.e. 78.5cm2The change process of the photomask in the light source rotation process is shown in FIG. 5;
and after a third preset time period, the mosquito group density is most concentrated, the optical power of laser is increased, and the mosquito group is burned, so that the mosquito killing process of one period is completed.
In the embodiment 1, a variable light shade is obtained by rotating a controllable light source bracket, the environment created by combining photocatalytic reaction induces mosquitoes to gather, and then the light power of a light source is adjusted to kill the mosquitoes, so that the aim of killing the mosquitoes in a non-toxic and harmless small range is fulfilled.
Example 2
The laser damage killing device provided in embodiment 2 has a structure as shown in fig. 6, and is a laser damage killing device using optical properties of a partial ellipsoidal reflector, and the working environment thereof isA wide range of farmland; eccentricity of partial ellipsoidal reflector
The long axis a is 7m, and the focal length c is 5 m; the light source emits an elliptical ring-shaped light beam with a vertical upward angle of divergence theta1Is 5 degrees to 9 degrees; main wavelength λ of light beam2330nm to 400 nm; the light source can translate axially (positive to the left); in the initial state, the center of the light source coincides with the right focus I of a part of the ellipsoidal reflector, as shown in FIG. 7; the induced light beam passes through the partial ellipsoidal mirror reflecting surface and the diaphragm on the side surface of the dark box to form a large-range light cover;
inducing light to attract a large number of farmland winged subclass pests after a first preset time period; the light source support is axially translated to the left by delta L (delta L < 10R), the distance between the geometric center of the light source and the right focus of the ellipsoidal reflector is increased, and the reflection point is close to the top point of the geometric short axis of a part of the ellipsoidal reflector; based on the optical property of the partial ellipsoidal reflector, the coverage of the photomask formed in the area with the left focal point II of the partial ellipsoidal reflector as the center is reduced, and the state is shown in FIG. 8; the mosquito population is further concentrated;
after a second preset time period, the light source support is translated axially again until the distance between the laser light source and the right focus I of the partial ellipsoidal reflector is n delta L (n delta L)<10R), the mask coverage area is as small as desired, in this embodiment, the minimum mask area is predetermined to be pi c2100, i.e. 0.79m2(ii) a The state is shown in fig. 9; the process of the reticle during the light source translation is shown in fig. 10;
the optical power of the laser is increased to cause high power density in a small range, pests are burned to death, and the pest killing process of one period is completed.
In the two embodiments, the preset time period is generally 10-15 minutes; in the embodiment 2, a movable and controllable light source bracket is utilized to enable a laser light source to generate an induction light cover to induce and gather winged pests in a farmland, and then the laser power is increased to kill the winged pests, so that the aim of killing the pests in a non-toxic, harmless and large range is fulfilled; the two embodiments have different application scenes, the laser pest killing device provided by the embodiment 1 is suitable for indoor small-range scenes, the laser pest killing device provided by the embodiment 2 is suitable for large-range applications such as farmlands and pastures, and both have the characteristics of being green and efficient and can be selected according to application requirements.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107836429B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2023-05-05 | 岭南师范学院 | An Intelligent Laser Pest Killing Device Based on Parallel Mechanism and Its Application Method |
| CN110326593B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2022-02-15 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Pest capture system, method, computer device, and medium |
| CN111316964B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2022-01-21 | 深圳市银星智能科技股份有限公司 | Laser kill mosquito cleaning machines people |
| CN111631202B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2025-04-15 | 北京交通大学 | Laser insect killer and insect killer method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5343652A (en) * | 1992-06-12 | 1994-09-06 | Johnson W Dudley | Method and apparatus for laser pest control |
| US7501979B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2009-03-10 | Guice David L | Airborne biota monitoring and control system |
| CN202931947U (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-15 | 湖北天罡投资有限公司 | Mosquito trapping device and mosquito trapping and killing device |
| CN204682289U (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-10-07 | 武汉凯瑞斯科技有限公司 | A kind of laser mosquito killer |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5343652A (en) * | 1992-06-12 | 1994-09-06 | Johnson W Dudley | Method and apparatus for laser pest control |
| US7501979B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2009-03-10 | Guice David L | Airborne biota monitoring and control system |
| CN202931947U (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-15 | 湖北天罡投资有限公司 | Mosquito trapping device and mosquito trapping and killing device |
| CN204682289U (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-10-07 | 武汉凯瑞斯科技有限公司 | A kind of laser mosquito killer |
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