CN105267619A - Antitumor traditional Chinese medicine compound extract for inhibiting ras proto-oncogene over-expression - Google Patents
Antitumor traditional Chinese medicine compound extract for inhibiting ras proto-oncogene over-expression Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种中药复方提取物、及其制备方法和应用,该中药复方由人参、麦冬组成。已有研究表明约90%胰腺癌、50%结肠癌、30%-40%肺腺癌及5%-40%的白血病是由ras基因的过表达造成的,ras基因已成为公认的筛选抗癌药物的靶标。本发明公开的一种该中药复方提取物的制备工艺,与其水煎处理液相比,该工艺制备得到的中药复方提取物毒性低,抑制ras基因通路过度激活的效果更好。另外,本发明还提供了一种中药复方提取物的新用途,可在抑制ras原癌基因过表达中应用和在制备抑制ras原癌基因突变后过表达的抗肿瘤药物中应用。The invention relates to a Chinese medicine compound extract, a preparation method and application thereof. The Chinese medicine compound is composed of ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus. Studies have shown that about 90% of pancreatic cancer, 50% of colon cancer, 30%-40% of lung adenocarcinoma and 5%-40% of leukemia are caused by the overexpression of ras gene, which has become a recognized screening anti-cancer drug target. The invention discloses a preparation process of the compound Chinese medicine extract. Compared with its water decoction treatment solution, the compound Chinese medicine extract prepared by the process has lower toxicity and better effect of inhibiting excessive activation of ras gene pathway. In addition, the present invention also provides a new application of a traditional Chinese medicine compound extract, which can be used in inhibiting the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene and in the preparation of anti-tumor drugs for inhibiting the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene after mutation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种中药复方提取物及其制备工艺,具体的讲该中药复方由人参、麦冬组成,具体涉及中药复方提取物在抑制ras原癌基因过表达中的应用和在制备抑制ras原癌基因突变后过表达的抗肿瘤药物中的应用,属抗肿瘤药物领域。The invention relates to a compound Chinese medicine extract and a preparation process thereof. Specifically, the Chinese medicine compound is composed of ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus, and specifically relates to the application of the Chinese medicine compound extract in inhibiting the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene and in the preparation of the anti-ras proto-oncogene The invention relates to the application of antitumor drugs overexpressed after cancer gene mutation, belonging to the field of antitumor drugs.
背景技术Background technique
目前,恶性肿瘤已经成为人类的头号杀手,严重的危害着人类的健康,世界卫生组织的资料表明,每年全世界肿瘤的发病为1000万人,死亡约700万人,我国每年癌症每年的新发病例为200万,因癌症死亡的约为140万,我国居民死亡5人中,即有1人死于癌症。At present, malignant tumors have become the number one killer of human beings, seriously endangering human health. According to the data of the World Health Organization, the incidence of tumors in the world is 10 million people every year, and about 7 million people die. The number of cases is 2 million, and the death due to cancer is about 1.4 million. Among the 5 people who die in our country, 1 person dies from cancer.
约30%的人类肿瘤是由于ras原癌基因突变后激活导致RAS蛋白表达水平增高造成的。若RAS蛋白持续处于活化状态,可与下游的效应蛋白结合,将信号传递到下游信号元件,引起细胞的异常增殖,导致肿瘤的发生,以ras信号通路为靶标的抗肿瘤治疗已成为肿瘤治疗学的研究热点,因此,ras原癌基因已成为公认的筛选抗相关恶性肿瘤药物的靶标。About 30% of human tumors are caused by the activation of ras proto-oncogene mutation, which leads to the increased expression of RAS protein. If the RAS protein is continuously activated, it can bind to the downstream effector protein and transmit the signal to the downstream signaling element, causing abnormal proliferation of cells and leading to the occurrence of tumors. Anti-tumor therapy targeting the ras signaling pathway has become a tumor therapy. Therefore, the ras proto-oncogene has become a recognized target for screening drugs against related malignant tumors.
RAS蛋白在调控几种参与调节正常细胞增生的重要信号通路方面具有重要的作用,所以以RAS蛋白和RAS蛋白所调控的信号通路为靶标的肿瘤治疗,在治疗由ras原癌基因突变所导致的肿瘤中具有非常重要的价值。2005年12月20日美国FDA批准的晚期肾细胞癌治疗药Nexavar,其直接靶标就是Ras信号途径,可抑制Raf/MEK/ERK信号传导通路,直接抑制肿瘤生长;以ras效应子通路为靶标的激酶抑制剂如ID1839和OSI774,其可有效地阻断EGFR酪氨酸激酶的活性并在某种程度也能抑制ERBB蛋白家族的其它成员,但这些都不是直接针对ras的药物。以ras蛋白为靶标的法尼基化转移酶抑制剂也可以抑制其它大部分蛋白的法尼基化(可能包括一些正常人体蛋白),但也存在特异性差的问题,因此,开发安全高效的治疗ras原癌基因过度激活的抗肿瘤药物是当务之急。RAS protein plays an important role in regulating several important signaling pathways involved in the regulation of normal cell proliferation. Therefore, tumor therapy targeting RAS protein and the signaling pathway regulated by RAS protein is effective in the treatment of tumors caused by ras proto-oncogene mutations. It is of great value in tumors. On December 20, 2005, Nexavar, a drug for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma approved by the US FDA, directly targets the Ras signaling pathway, which can inhibit the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and directly inhibit tumor growth; the drug targeting the ras effector pathway Kinase inhibitors such as ID1839 and OSI774, which can effectively block the activity of EGFR tyrosine kinase and to some extent also inhibit other members of the ERBB protein family, but these are not drugs that directly target ras. Farnesylation transferase inhibitors targeting ras protein can also inhibit farnesylation of most other proteins (possibly including some normal human proteins), but there is also the problem of poor specificity. Therefore, the development of safe and efficient therapeutic Antitumor drugs that overactivate the ras proto-oncogene are urgently needed.
我国中药在临床肿瘤治疗方面取得了一定疗效,且毒性较低,为肿瘤的预防和治疗开辟了一条新路。Our country's traditional Chinese medicine has achieved certain curative effect in clinical tumor treatment, and has low toxicity, which has opened up a new way for the prevention and treatment of tumor.
人参为五加科植物人参(PanaxginsengC.A.Mey)的干燥根及根茎,主要活性成分为人参皂苷和人参多糖。人参具有大补元气、补脾益肺、生津安神益智,抗疲劳,抗肿瘤,抗休克,降血脂等功效。Ginseng is the dried root and rhizome of Panaxginseng C.A.Mey, the main active ingredient of which is ginsenoside and ginseng polysaccharide. Ginseng has the functions of invigorating vital energy, nourishing the spleen and benefiting the lung, promoting body fluid and calming the mind, anti-fatigue, anti-tumor, anti-shock, and lowering blood fat.
麦冬是百合科多年生草本植物麦冬(Ophiopogonjaponicus(Thumb)Ker-Gawl)的干燥块根。麦冬性微寒,味甘,微苦,具有,具有滋阴益精、养阴益气、清心除烦、润肠通便等功效,是常用中药之一。麦冬具有广泛的药理作用,例如抗心肌缺血,抗心律失常,抗衰老,抗肿瘤,免疫调节等作用。Ophiopogon japonicus (Thumb) Ker-Gawl is the dry root tuber of the perennial herb of Liliaceae Ophiopogon japonicus (Thumb) Ker-Gawl. Ophiopogon japonicus is slightly cold in nature, sweet in taste, slightly bitter, and has the functions of nourishing yin and nourishing essence, nourishing yin and qi, clearing the heart and eliminating troubles, moistening the intestines and laxative, etc. It is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines. Ophiopogon japonicus has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-arrhythmia, anti-aging, anti-tumor, immune regulation and so on.
迄今为止,没有文献报道过含有人参、麦冬的中药复方能够抑制ras原癌基因突变后的过表达,市场上也没有以含有人参、麦冬的为原料的中药复方提取物能够专性抑制由ras原癌基因突变后过表达导致的抗肿瘤药物。而本发明根据人参、麦冬的特性,经过艰苦努力,通过大量筛选分析,研制了一种治疗ras原癌基因过度激活的肿瘤的中药复方,该中药复方通过下调原癌基因Ras通路的过度激活,达到治疗肿瘤的目的,且毒性低,无致畸作用,适于在制备由ras原癌基因突变后过表达引起的相关抗恶性肿瘤药物中的应用,可以与任何一种药学上可以接受的辅料混合制成各种剂型,有望开发成新一代的抗肿瘤药物。So far, no literature has reported that a Chinese medicine compound containing ginseng and Maidong can inhibit the overexpression of ras proto-oncogene after mutation, and there is no Chinese medicine compound extract containing ginseng and Maidong as raw materials on the market that can specifically inhibit Antitumor drugs caused by overexpression of ras proto-oncogene mutation. However, according to the characteristics of ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus, through hard work and a large number of screening analysis, the present invention has developed a Chinese medicine compound for the treatment of tumors with excessive activation of the ras proto-oncogene. , achieve the purpose of treating tumors, and have low toxicity and no teratogenic effect, and are suitable for use in the preparation of related anti-cancer drugs caused by the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene mutation, and can be combined with any pharmaceutically acceptable The auxiliary materials are mixed to make various dosage forms, which are expected to be developed into a new generation of anti-tumor drugs.
在制备该中药复方提取物的过程中发现,仅水煎处理就可以显著抑制ras基因通路的过度激活,但毒性大,安全性差。因此,该发明公开了一种该中药复方提取物的制备工艺,对该复方用无水乙醇进行回流提取,并且在醇提的基础上,通过大孔树脂对其进行进一步分离纯化,分离纯化后的成分不仅保留了水煎剂抑制ras原癌基因过表达的作用,并且大大降低了中药复方水煎剂的毒性,因此效果更好,可在制备抑制ras原癌基因过表达的抗相关恶性肿瘤的药物中应用。In the process of preparing the Chinese medicine compound extract, it was found that only water decoction treatment can significantly inhibit the excessive activation of the ras gene pathway, but the toxicity is high and the safety is poor. Therefore, the invention discloses a preparation process of the Chinese medicine compound extract, in which the compound is reflux extracted with absolute ethanol, and on the basis of alcohol extraction, it is further separated and purified through a macroporous resin, and after separation and purification The composition of the decoction not only retains the effect of the water decoction on inhibiting the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene, but also greatly reduces the toxicity of the traditional Chinese medicine compound water decoction, so the effect is better. application in medicines.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种中药复方提取物的制备工艺,具体的讲该中药复方由人参、麦冬组成,以期提供一种抗肿瘤活性高,毒性小,廉价的中药复方提取物,本发明的另一目的是提供一种中药复方提取物的新用途,具体涉及该中药复方提取物在抑制ras原癌基因过表达中的应用和在制备抑制ras原癌基因突变后过表达的抗肿瘤药物中的应用。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation process of a compound Chinese medicine extract. Specifically, the compound Chinese medicine is composed of ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus, in order to provide a compound Chinese medicine extract with high antitumor activity, low toxicity, and low cost. The present invention Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a new application of a Chinese medicine compound extract, specifically related to the application of the Chinese medicine compound extract in inhibiting the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene and the preparation of an anti-tumor drug that inhibits the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene after mutation in the application.
本发明通过下述技术方案予以实施。The present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,其中该中药复方由人参、麦冬组成,该中药复方提取物是由下列方法制备的:取人参、麦冬,加入乙醇溶液,浸泡,加热回流,过滤,减压浓缩,得总浸膏;将总浸膏用蒸馏水完全溶解,上大孔树脂柱,吸附24h,之后用洗脱液洗脱,洗脱液浓缩至稠膏,干燥,即得。A kind of Chinese medicine compound extract according to the present invention, wherein the Chinese medicine compound is composed of ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus, and the Chinese medicine compound extract is prepared by the following method: take ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus, add ethanol solution, soak, heat and reflux, Filtrate, concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain the total extract; completely dissolve the total extract with distilled water, put it on a macroporous resin column, absorb for 24 hours, and then elute with the eluent, concentrate the eluent to a thick extract, and dry to obtain.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,以人参、麦冬为原料制成,所述原料药的质量比为4.5~9:4.5~9。The traditional Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention is made from ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus as raw materials, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 4.5-9:4.5-9.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,以人参、麦冬为原料制成,所述原料药的质量比为9:4.5。The traditional Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention is made from ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus as raw materials, and the mass ratio of the raw materials is 9:4.5.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,所述的回流提取时的乙醇溶液为无水乙醇。In the Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention, the ethanol solution during the reflux extraction is absolute ethanol.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,所述的大孔树脂为D101型大孔树脂。In the Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention, the macroporous resin is D101 type macroporous resin.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,所述的中药复方总浸膏分离纯化洗脱时的洗脱量为10倍柱体积。According to the Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention, the elution volume of the total Chinese medicine compound extract is 10 times of column volume when it is separated, purified and eluted.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,所述中药提取物总浸膏在分离纯化时所用的洗脱液是乙醇溶液。According to the Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention, the eluent used in the separation and purification of the total extract of the Chinese medicine extract is ethanol solution.
本发明所述的一种中药复方提取物,所述中药提取物总浸膏在分离纯化时洗脱时的乙醇溶液是无水乙醇。此时,在保证中药复方提取物药效的同时,几乎不显示毒性。In the Chinese medicine compound extract described in the present invention, the ethanol solution used for eluting the total extract of the Chinese medicine extract during separation and purification is absolute ethanol. At this time, while ensuring the efficacy of the Chinese medicine compound extract, it hardly shows toxicity.
本发明为中药复方提取物,所述的肿瘤是由ras原癌基因突变后过表达导致的。The invention is a traditional Chinese medicine compound extract, and the said tumor is caused by overexpression after ras proto-oncogene mutation.
本发明为中药复方提取物在抑制ras原癌基因过表达中的应用。The invention relates to the application of the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine in inhibiting the overexpression of ras proto-oncogene.
本发明所述的中药复方提取物在制备治疗抗肿瘤药物中的应用,可以将中药复方提取物添加药学上可接受的载体如填充剂、润滑剂、湿润剂、促进吸收剂、吸附载体、稀释剂、赋形剂等,必要时可加入甜味剂、香味剂等,制备成注射剂、散剂、颗粒剂、粉剂、丸剂、口服液、片剂等药物的多种剂型,这是本领域技术人员可以理解的。For the application of the compound Chinese medicine extract of the present invention in the preparation of anti-tumor drugs, the compound Chinese medicine extract can be added with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers such as fillers, lubricants, wetting agents, absorption-promoting agents, adsorption carriers, diluents, etc. Agents, excipients, etc., sweeteners, flavoring agents, etc. can be added if necessary, and prepared into various dosage forms of injections, powders, granules, powders, pills, oral liquids, tablets, etc. Those skilled in the art understandable.
有益效果:本发明提供一种治疗ras原癌基因过表达的肿瘤的中药复方提取物及其在制备治疗相关恶性肿瘤药物中的应用,和现有的技术相比有以下的优点:Beneficial effects: the present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine compound extract for treating tumors with overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene and its application in the preparation of related malignant tumor drugs. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages:
(1)利用本发明中的制备工艺制备的中药复方提取物效果好,能显著降低毒性,使评估抑制ras原癌基因通路过度激活药物的模型秀丽隐杆线虫的死亡率降低,野生型比例升高。(1) The Chinese medicine compound extract prepared by the preparation process of the present invention has good effect, can significantly reduce toxicity, and reduces the mortality rate of the model Caenorhabditis elegans, which inhibits the overactivation of the ras proto-oncogene pathway, and increases the proportion of wild type. high.
(2)利用本发明中的制备工艺制备的中药复方提取物可以显著抑制ras原癌基因过表达,可在制备治疗由ras原癌基因过表达导致的肿瘤药物中应用。(2) The traditional Chinese medicine compound extract prepared by the preparation process of the present invention can significantly inhibit the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene, and can be used in the preparation and treatment of tumor drugs caused by the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene.
(3)中药复方中人参、麦冬之间的组方配比可以根据中药组方原则合理改动,利用本发明中的制备工艺制备的中药复方提取物其仍然可以显著下调ras原癌基因过度激活,具有抗肿瘤活性。(3) The formula ratio between ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus in the traditional Chinese medicine compound can be rationally changed according to the principle of traditional Chinese medicine formula, and the Chinese medicine compound extract prepared by the preparation process of the present invention can still significantly down-regulate the excessive activation of the ras proto-oncogene , has antitumor activity.
(4)利用本发明中的制备工艺制备的中药复方提取物仅仅作用于过表达的突变体RAS蛋白,而对野生型RAS蛋白无影响。提示中药复方提取物在应用上安全,它仅作用于癌细胞,而不会作用于正常细胞。今后,我们有望将中药复方提取物应用在抗相关恶性肿瘤药物的制备中,其中,所述肿瘤是由ras原癌基因的过表达导致的,从而为此类肿瘤患者提供更好的治疗,为一些疑难癌症的治疗提供新的途径。(4) The traditional Chinese medicine compound extract prepared by the preparation process of the present invention only acts on the overexpressed mutant RAS protein, but has no effect on the wild-type RAS protein. It is suggested that the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine is safe in application, and it only acts on cancer cells, but not on normal cells. In the future, we are expected to apply the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine in the preparation of anti-related malignant tumor drugs, wherein the tumor is caused by the overexpression of ras proto-oncogene, so as to provide better treatment for patients with such tumors, and provide The treatment of some difficult cancers provides new avenues.
(5)中药复方提取物显著下调ras原癌基因过表达,并不是致突变引起的,不致畸。(5) The compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine significantly down-regulates the overexpression of ras proto-oncogene, which is not caused by mutagenesis and does not cause teratogenicity.
(6)由于ras信号通路从线虫到人高度保守,在秀丽隐杆线虫中let-60基因编码保守的RAS蛋白,它与人类的RAS蛋白相比具有83%的同源性。如果ras突变,在秀丽隐杆线虫中会引起线虫产生多阴门,在人类中则是引起细胞的恶性增殖,导致肿瘤的发生。因此,模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditiselegans)Ras/MAPK信号通路过度激活型突变体被作为受试群体广泛应用于筛选抑制ras原癌基因通路过度激活的抗肿瘤药物。因此,本发明采用了秀丽隐杆线虫突变株作为评估抑制ras原癌基因通路过度激活药物的模型,并得出了中药复方提取物对ras原癌基因过表达有明显下调作用、具有抑制ras原癌基因通路过度激活的结论。(6) Since the ras signaling pathway is highly conserved from nematodes to humans, the let-60 gene encodes a conserved RAS protein in Caenorhabditis elegans, which has 83% homology with human RAS proteins. If the ras mutation, in Caenorhabditis elegans, it will cause the nematode to produce polyvagina, and in humans, it will cause the malignant proliferation of cells, leading to the occurrence of tumors. Therefore, the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (Caenorhabditis legans) Ras/MAPK signaling pathway hyperactivation mutants are widely used as a test group to screen anti-tumor drugs that inhibit the hyperactivation of the ras proto-oncogene pathway. Therefore, the present invention adopts the Caenorhabditis elegans mutant strain as a model for evaluating drugs that inhibit the overactivation of the ras proto-oncogene pathway, and obtains that the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine has a significant down-regulation effect on the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene, and has the ability to inhibit the ras proto-oncogene pathway. Conclusions for overactivation of oncogene pathways.
该中药复方提取物可以特异性下调ras原癌基因突变后所致的过表达,可在制备治疗由ras原癌基因突变后过表达引起的相关恶性肿瘤药物中应用,提供了一种靶标明确的治疗肿瘤的药物。The traditional Chinese medicine compound extract can specifically down-regulate the overexpression caused by the mutation of the ras proto-oncogene, and can be used in the preparation and treatment of related malignant tumor drugs caused by the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene mutation, providing a specific target Drugs to treat tumors.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下提供具体实施例来说明本发明,但不限于这些实施例。Specific examples are provided below to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to these examples.
实施例一中药复方的制备The preparation of embodiment one Chinese medicine compound
材料:人参、麦冬购自兰州黄河市场。Materials: Ginseng and Ophiopogon japonicus were purchased from the Yellow River Market in Lanzhou.
(1)中药复方水煎剂的制备(1) Preparation of Chinese medicine compound water decoction
称取人参900g、麦冬450g;水煎,得总浸膏,溶于水,定容,最后将所得样品配制成1.25mg/ml、2.5mg/ml、5mg/ml溶液备用。Weigh 900g of ginseng and 450g of Ophiopogon japonicus; decoct in water to obtain the total extract, dissolve in water, constant volume, and finally prepare the obtained samples into 1.25mg/ml, 2.5mg/ml, 5mg/ml solutions for later use.
(2)中药复方提取物的制备(2) Preparation of Chinese medicine compound extract
称取人参900g、麦冬450g;加无水乙醇溶液浸泡,加热回流后过滤,减压浓缩得到中药复方总浸膏,将总浸膏溶于水,定容至定容100ml;用D101大孔树脂装填色谱柱,预处理,备用。取20ml浸膏液,上D101型大孔树脂柱,分别用0%、30%、50%、70%、无水乙醇溶液洗脱,10倍柱体积冲洗。Weigh 900g of ginseng and 450g of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus; soak in absolute ethanol solution, filter after heating and reflux, and concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain the total Chinese medicine compound extract, dissolve the total extract in water, and set the volume to 100ml; use D101 macroporous The chromatographic column is filled with resin, pretreated and set aside. Take 20ml of the extract, put it on a D101 macroporous resin column, elute with 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and absolute ethanol solution, and wash with 10 times the column volume.
实施例二中药复方提取物改善中药复方水煎剂毒性的效果Embodiment two Chinese medicine compound extracts improve the effect of Chinese medicine compound water decoction toxicity
Ras是一种小分子蛋白,参与调控动物发育过程中的很多重要环节。ras信号通路从线虫到人高度保守,在秀丽隐杆线虫中let-60基因编码保守的RAS蛋白,它与人类的RAS蛋白相比具有83%的同源性。如果ras突变,在秀丽隐杆线虫中会引起线虫产生多阴门,在人类中则是引起细胞的恶性增殖,导致肿瘤的发生。因此,模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditiselegans)Ras/MAPK信号通路过度激活型突变体被作为受试群体广泛应用于筛选抑制原癌基因ras通路过度激活的抗肿瘤药物。Ras is a small molecular protein that participates in the regulation of many important links in the development of animals. The ras signaling pathway is highly conserved from nematodes to humans. In Caenorhabditis elegans let-60 gene encodes a conserved RAS protein, which has 83% homology with human RAS protein. If the ras mutation, in Caenorhabditis elegans, it will cause the nematode to produce polyvagina, and in humans, it will cause the malignant proliferation of cells, leading to the occurrence of tumors. Therefore, the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (Caenorhabditiselegans) Ras/MAPK signaling pathway overactivation mutants are widely used as a test group to screen anti-tumor drugs that inhibit the overactivation of proto-oncogene ras pathway.
MT2124是let-60/ras过度激活的秀丽隐杆线虫,会产生多阴门的表型。将中药复方稀释一定的浓度,作用于秀丽隐杆线虫MT2124,如果能够抑制受试线虫群体多阴门产生个体的比例,而只有一个真阴门的野生型线虫个体比例上升,则说明药物作用于ras通路,下调了该通路的过度激活,具有抗肿瘤活性。群体中野生型线虫的比例越高,则药物作用效果越显著。MT2124 is a let-60/ras overactivated C. elegans that produces a polyvaginal phenotype. Dilute the traditional Chinese medicine compound to a certain concentration and act on Caenorhabditis elegans MT2124. If the proportion of individuals with multiple vulva in the tested nematode population can be suppressed, while the proportion of wild-type nematode individuals with only one true vulva increases, it means that the drug acts on the ras pathway , which down-regulates the overactivation of this pathway and has antitumor activity. The higher the proportion of wild-type nematodes in the population, the more pronounced the effect of the drug.
1.实验材料1. Experimental materials
秀丽隐杆线虫株:秀丽隐杆线虫突变体MT2124,基因型为:let-60(n1046sd,gf)IV,购自CGC(CaenorhabditisGeneticsCenter);Caenorhabditis elegans strain: Caenorhabditis elegans mutant MT2124, genotype: let-60(n1046sd, gf) IV, purchased from CGC (Caenorhabditis Genetics Center);
细菌株:尿嘧啶渗漏突变型大肠杆菌OP50,作为秀丽隐杆线虫的食物,购买于CGC。Bacterial strain: uracil-leaking mutant E. coli OP50, used as food for C. elegans, purchased from CGC.
2.试剂的配制2. Preparation of reagents
NGM培养基:NaCl1.5g,K2HPO41.3g,KH2PO48.5g,蛋白胨1.4g,琼脂粉8.5g,补充蒸馏水至500mL。灭菌后加入过滤除菌的500μL胆固醇(5mg/mL,无水乙醇配制),高压蒸汽灭菌的500μL1mol/LMgSO4,500μL1mol/LCaCl2。NGM medium: NaCl 1.5g, K 2 HPO 4 1.3g, KH 2 PO 4 8.5g, peptone 1.4g, agar powder 8.5g, add distilled water to 500mL. After sterilization, 500 μL of cholesterol (5 mg/mL, prepared in absolute ethanol) sterilized by filtration, 500 μL of 1mol/LMgSO 4 and 500 μL of 1mol/LCaCl 2 sterilized by high pressure steam were added.
LB液体培养基:NaCl1g,蛋白胨1g,酵母膏0.5g,补充蒸馏水至100mL。溶解后用1MNaOH调节pH值为7.0,高温灭菌。LB liquid medium: NaCl 1g, peptone 1g, yeast extract 0.5g, add distilled water to 100mL. After dissolving, adjust the pH value to 7.0 with 1M NaOH, and sterilize at high temperature.
M9缓冲液:Na2HPO4·12H2O15.12g,KH2PO43g,NaCl5g,MgSO4·7H2O0.25g,高温灭菌。M9 buffer solution: Na 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O 15.12g, KH 2 PO 4 3g, NaCl 5g, MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.25g, high temperature sterilization.
S基础液配方(1L):NaCl58.5g,K2HPO410g,KH2PO46g;补充蒸馏水至1000mL,高温灭菌。S base solution formula (1L): 58.5g NaCl, 10g K 2 HPO 4 , 6g KH 2 PO 4 ; add distilled water to 1000mL, and sterilize at high temperature.
1M柠檬酸钾(1L):柠檬酸·H2O20g,柠檬酸钾·H2O293.5g,补充蒸馏水至1000mL,高温灭菌。1M potassium citrate (1L): Citric acid·H 2 O 20g, potassium citrate·H 2 O 293.5g, add distilled water to 1000mL, and sterilize at high temperature.
Trace(1L):Sodium-EDTA1.86g,FeSO4·7H2O0.69g,MnCl2·4H2O0.2gCuSO4·5H2O0.29g,ZnSO4·7H2O0.025g,补充蒸馏水至1000mL,高温灭菌。Trace (1L): Sodium-EDTA 1.86g, FeSO 4 7H 2 O 0.69g, MnCl 2 4H 2 O 0.2g CuSO 4 5H 2 O 0.29g, ZnSO 4 7H 2 O 0.025g, add distilled water to 1000mL, High temperature sterilization.
S液配方(1L):S基础液1L,1M柠檬酸钾10mL,Trace10mL,1MCaCl23mL,1MMgSO43mL,5mg/mL胆固醇1mL,补充蒸馏水至1L,临用前配制。S solution formula (1L): S base solution 1L, 1M potassium citrate 10mL, Trace 10mL, 1MCaCl 2 3mL, 1MMgSO 4 3mL, 5mg/mL cholesterol 1mL, add distilled water to 1L, and prepare before use.
3.仪器3. Instrument
高压灭菌锅(上海申安医疗器械厂)Autoclave (Shanghai Shen'an Medical Instrument Factory)
单人单面净化工作台(苏州净化设备厂)Single-person single-sided purification workbench (Suzhou Purification Equipment Factory)
SPX智能型生化培养箱(宁波江南仪器厂)SPX intelligent biochemical incubator (Ningbo Jiangnan Instrument Factory)
恒温培养摇床(上海一恒科技有限公司)Constant temperature culture shaker (Shanghai Yiheng Technology Co., Ltd.)
(上海一恒科学仪器有限公(Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.
隔水式恒温培养箱司)Water-proof constant temperature incubator)
(上海一恒科学仪器有限公(Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.
连续变倍体视显微镜司)Continuous Zoom Stereo Microscope Division)
(北京赛多利斯仪器系统有(Beijing Sartorius Instrument System has
电子天平限公司)Electronic Balance Co., Ltd.)
漩涡搅拌器(上海精科仪器有限公司)Vortex mixer (Shanghai Jingke Instrument Co., Ltd.)
离心机(CT15E,日立)Centrifuge (CT15E, Hitachi)
4.具体试验步骤4. Specific test steps
线虫的培养:将线虫接在涂有大肠杆菌OP50的固体NGM板上,然后将放在20℃的培养箱中培养,当线虫长到成虫时进行同步化处理。Cultivation of nematodes: connect nematodes to solid NGM plates coated with Escherichia coli OP50, and then culture them in an incubator at 20°C, and perform synchronization when the nematodes grow into adults.
线虫同步化:用M9缓冲液将平板上的线虫冲下来,将冲洗液吸入离心管;4000rpm/min离心3min,去除上清;加入裂解液(终浓度:3.2%NaClO和1MNaOH);在涡旋仪上震荡7min,使线虫的虫体破裂释放卵;4000rpm/min离心3min,去除上清,收集沉淀获得大量的线虫卵;M9缓冲液冲洗两次,加入1mlM9缓冲液,置于20℃培养箱中孵化48小时。Synchronization of nematodes: wash down the nematodes on the plate with M9 buffer solution, suck the washing solution into a centrifuge tube; centrifuge at 4000rpm/min for 3min, remove the supernatant; add lysate (final concentration: 3.2% NaClO and 1MNaOH); Shake on the instrument for 7 minutes to rupture the nematodes and release the eggs; centrifuge at 4000rpm/min for 3 minutes, remove the supernatant, collect the precipitate to obtain a large number of nematode eggs; wash twice with M9 buffer, add 1ml of M9 buffer, and incubate at 20°C Incubated in the box for 48 hours.
药物作用:本实验在96孔板上进行,每个处理设置五个重复。先将经同步化得到的的L1期线虫浓度调整至80-100条/20μL。然后向每孔中加入140μLS液,20μL药液,20μL线虫液,20μLOP50。放到20℃恒温培养摇床中培养。培养至成虫后,在倒置显微镜下进行观察,计算野生型比率(%)=100%×野生型线虫数/(野生型线虫数+突变体线虫数)。Drug effect: This experiment was carried out on a 96-well plate, with five replicates for each treatment. First adjust the concentration of nematodes in the L1 phase obtained through synchronization to 80-100 nematodes/20 μL. Then add 140 μL of L solution, 20 μL of drug solution, 20 μL of nematode solution, and 20 μL of OP50 into each well. Place them in a constant temperature culture shaker at 20°C. After culturing to adults, observe under an inverted microscope, and calculate the wild-type ratio (%)=100%×number of wild-type nematodes/(number of wild-type nematodes+number of mutant nematodes).
5.中药复方水煎剂抑制ras通路过度激活生物活性及其对秀丽隐杆线虫突变体MT2124生长的影响5. Traditional Chinese medicine compound water decoction inhibits the biological activity of ras pathway overactivation and its effect on the growth of Caenorhabditis elegans mutant MT2124
表1中药复方水煎剂抑制ras通路过度激活生物活性测定及其对秀丽隐杆线虫突变体MT2124生长的影响Table 1 Determination of biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine compound water decoction in inhibiting excessive activation of ras pathway and its effect on the growth of Caenorhabditis elegans mutant MT2124
表1表明中药复方水煎剂,可以作用于秀丽隐杆线虫ras突变体MT2124,显著抑制MT2124的多阴门表型,使秀丽隐杆线虫MT2124的野生型比例显著增加,并呈浓度依赖关系,说明中药复方水煎剂对ras原癌基因过度激活有明显下调作用,使突变体变为野生型。另外,由线虫死亡率可以看出中药复方水煎剂对秀丽隐杆线虫显示出了毒性,并随着浓度的增加毒性增大。Table 1 shows that the Chinese medicine compound decoction can act on the Caenorhabditis elegans ras mutant MT2124, significantly inhibit the polyvulva phenotype of MT2124, and significantly increase the wild-type ratio of Caenorhabditis elegans MT2124 in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating Chinese medicine compound water decoction can significantly down-regulate the overactivation of ras proto-oncogene, making the mutant become wild type. In addition, from the nematode mortality rate, it can be seen that the Chinese medicine compound water decoction shows toxicity to Caenorhabditis elegans, and the toxicity increases with the increase of the concentration.
6.中药复方提取物抑制ras通路过度激活生物活性测定及其对秀丽隐杆线虫突变体MT2124生长的影响6. Determination of biological activity of Chinese medicine compound extracts inhibiting excessive activation of ras pathway and its effect on the growth of Caenorhabditis elegans mutant MT2124
表2中药复方提取物抑制ras通路过度激活生物活性测定及其对秀丽隐杆线虫突变体MT2124生长的影响Table 2 Determination of biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine compound extracts in inhibiting excessive activation of ras pathway and its effect on the growth of Caenorhabditis elegans mutant MT2124
表2结果表明使用D101柱子对中药复方提取物进行分离纯化后,D101柱子洗脱的有效成分多集中在无水乙醇溶液洗脱段,可使秀丽隐杆线虫MT2124的野生型比例显著增加(P﹤0.05),由空白对照组的5%升至77%,且有效成分几乎不显示毒性。The results in Table 2 show that after using the D101 column to separate and purify the Chinese medicine compound extract, the effective components eluted from the D101 column are mostly concentrated in the ethanol solution elution section, which can significantly increase the wild-type ratio of Caenorhabditis elegans MT2124 (P <0.05), from 5% of the blank control group to 77%, and the active ingredients hardly show toxicity.
综合表1、表2的结果可以看出,中药复方水煎剂与中药复方提取物能显著抑制ras通路过度激活,提高线虫的野生型比例,但是,中药复方水煎剂的毒性大,引起线虫大量死亡,而本发明的中药复方提取物在保留中药复方水煎剂抑制ras通路过度激活效果的同时,毒性大大下降,几乎不会引起线虫死亡。因此,相比前者,本发明的中药复方提取物毒性更小,效果更好。From the results of Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that the Chinese medicine compound decoction and the Chinese medicine compound extract can significantly inhibit the excessive activation of the ras pathway and increase the wild-type ratio of nematodes. However, the Chinese medicine compound decoction is highly toxic and causes nematodes A large number of nematodes died, while the traditional Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention retains the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine compound water decoction on inhibiting the excessive activation of the ras pathway, while the toxicity is greatly reduced, and it hardly causes nematodes to die. Therefore, compared with the former, the traditional Chinese medicine compound extract of the present invention has less toxicity and better effect.
实施例四中药复方提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫MT8189(lin-15突变失活)的作用Example 4 The effect of Chinese medicine compound extract on Caenorhabditis elegans MT8189 (lin-15 mutation inactivation)
实验材料:秀丽隐杆线虫MT8189,多阴门表型,基因型:lin-15b(n765)X,购自CGC(CaenorhabditisGeneticsCenter);大肠杆菌OP50,尿嘧啶渗漏突变株,作为秀丽隐杆线虫的食物,购自CGC。Experimental materials: Caenorhabditis elegans MT8189, polyvulva phenotype, genotype: lin-15b(n765)X, purchased from CGC (Caenorhabditis Genetics Center); Escherichia coli OP50, a uracil-leaking mutant strain, used as food for Caenorhabditis elegans , purchased from CGC.
具体实验步骤:同实施例二。Concrete experimental procedure: with embodiment two.
在lin-15(n765)X位于ras的上游,正常情况下抑制ras基因的表达,MT8189线虫株系中该基因失活导致线虫呈多产卵器表型。lin-15(n765)X is located upstream of ras, and normally inhibits the expression of ras gene. Inactivation of this gene in the MT8189 nematode strain leads to the phenotype of multiple ovipositors in nematodes.
本实施例中药复方提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫MT8189(lin-15突变失活)的突变体比例比例为100%,说明中药复方提取物不能抑制lin-15(n765)X的多阴门表型,根据遗传上位的原则,中药复方提取物既然可逆转其下游的let60/ras原癌基因过度激活导致的多阴门表型,那么也抑制MT8189的多阴门表型,但本实验中未观察到预期结果,即中药复方提取物不能抑制let60/ras上游基因lin-15(n765)X的多阴门表型。这可能是由于lin-15(n765)X线虫中包含的是野生型let60/ras拷贝,中药复方提取物仅仅对过表达的let60/ras起作用,对野生型let60/ras不敏感,即中药复方提取物仅作用于过度激活的RAS蛋白,对野生型RAS蛋白不敏感,这说明该中药复方提取物仅仅作用于ras过度激活的引起肿瘤细胞,而不作用于正常的细胞。In this example, the ratio of the compound Chinese medicine extract to the mutant of Caenorhabditis elegans MT8189 (lin-15 mutation inactivation) was 100%, indicating that the compound Chinese medicine extract could not inhibit the polyvulva phenotype of lin-15(n765)X, According to the principle of genetic epistasis, since the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine can reverse the polyvulva phenotype caused by the overactivation of its downstream let60/ras proto-oncogene, it can also inhibit the polyvulva phenotype of MT8189, but no expected results were observed in this experiment , that is, the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine can not inhibit the polyvulva phenotype of let60/ras upstream gene lin-15(n765)X. This may be due to the wild-type let60/ras copy contained in lin-15(n765) X. The extract only acts on overactivated RAS protein, and is insensitive to wild-type RAS protein, which indicates that the Chinese medicine compound extract only acts on tumor cells that cause excessive ras activation, but not on normal cells.
实施例五中药复方提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫CB1275(lin-1突变失活)的作用Example 5 Effects of Chinese Medicine Compound Extracts on Caenorhabditis elegans CB1275 (lin-1 mutation inactivation)
实验材料:秀丽隐杆线虫基因型:lin-1(e1275)IV,购自CGC(CaenorhabditisGeneticsCenter);大肠杆菌OP50,尿嘧啶渗漏突变株,作为秀丽隐杆线虫的食物,购自CGC。Experimental materials: Caenorhabditis elegans genotype: lin-1(e1275)IV, purchased from CGC (Caenorhabditis Genetics Center); Escherichia coli OP50, a uracil-leaking mutant strain, used as food for Caenorhabditis elegans, purchased from CGC.
具体实验步骤:同实施例二。Concrete experimental procedure: with embodiment two.
lin-1是ras下游的一个基因,是可被MAPK磷酸化的核转录因子,是阴门发育的负调节因子,调节let-60下游的阴门发育的信号通路。lin-1突变失活后,线虫为多阴门表型。由于lin-1为核转录因子,调节阴门细胞发育的过程。若药物对该基因失活突变的多阴门表型具显著的抑制作用,则说明药物可直接抑制阴门前体细胞的发育,阻止其形成多阴门而呈非特异的细胞毒作用。lin-1 is a gene downstream of ras, a nuclear transcription factor that can be phosphorylated by MAPK, a negative regulator of vulva development, and a signaling pathway that regulates vulva development downstream of let-60. After lin-1 mutation inactivation, nematodes have polyvaginal phenotype. Since lin-1 is a nuclear transcription factor, it regulates the process of vulva cell development. If the drug has a significant inhibitory effect on the polyvulva phenotype of the gene inactivation mutation, it means that the drug can directly inhibit the development of vulva precursor cells, prevent them from forming polyvulva and exhibit non-specific cytotoxicity.
本实施例中药复方提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫CB1275(lin-1突变失活)的突变率为100%,说明CB1275株系线虫的多阴门表型未受到中药复方提取物的影响,这表明药物作用于ras信号通路可抑制ras过度激活形成的假阴门,不能抑制lin-1突变失活形成的假阴门表型,说明中药复方提取物作用于ras而不作用于lin-1,证明药物下调了ras的过度激活而不是直接抑制了细胞的增殖起作用的,即中药复方提取物起作用是ras通路机制依赖,而非广泛的细胞毒作用。The mutation rate of the Chinese medicine compound extract in this example to Caenorhabditis elegans CB1275 (lin-1 mutation inactivation) is 100%, indicating that the polyvulva phenotype of the CB1275 strain nematode is not affected by the Chinese medicine compound extract, which shows that the drug Acting on the ras signaling pathway can inhibit the false vulva formed by excessive activation of ras, but cannot inhibit the false vulva phenotype formed by lin-1 mutation inactivation, indicating that the compound Chinese medicine extract acts on ras but not on lin-1, proving that the drug down-regulates The overactivation of ras does not directly inhibit the proliferation of cells, that is, the effect of the compound extract of traditional Chinese medicine is dependent on the mechanism of ras pathway, rather than extensive cytotoxicity.
通过以上实施例表明,中药复方通过水煎,可以显著显著抑制秀丽隐杆线虫ras突变体MT2124的多阴门表型,使秀丽隐杆线虫MT2124的野生型比例显著增加,并呈浓度依赖关系,说明中药复方对ras原癌基因过度激活有明显下调作用,使突变体变为野生型。但是仅用水煎,中药复方会随着浓度的增加对秀丽隐杆线虫毒性增大。本发明提供了一种中药复方提取物的制备工艺,使用D101柱子对中药复方提取物进行分离纯化后,中药复方提取物的有效成分多集中在无水乙醇溶液洗脱段,使秀丽隐杆线虫MT2124的野生型比例显著增加,且有效成分几乎不显示毒性。本发明还提供了中药复方提取物的新用途,可在抑制ras原癌基因过表达中应用和在制备抑制ras原癌基因突变后过表达的抗肿瘤药物中应用,有望开发成新一代的抗肿瘤药物。The above examples show that the traditional Chinese medicine compound can significantly inhibit the polyvaginal phenotype of the Caenorhabditis elegans ras mutant MT2124 by decocting in water, and significantly increase the wild-type ratio of the Caenorhabditis elegans MT2124 in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that The traditional Chinese medicine compound can significantly down-regulate the overactivation of ras proto-oncogene, making the mutant become wild type. But only decocting with water, the Chinese medicine compound will be more toxic to C. elegans with the increase of concentration. The invention provides a preparation process of a compound Chinese medicine extract. After separating and purifying the compound Chinese medicine extract with a D101 column, the active ingredients of the compound Chinese medicine extract are mostly concentrated in the elution section of anhydrous ethanol solution, so that Caenorhabditis elegans The wild-type ratio of MT2124 was significantly increased, and the active ingredient showed little toxicity. The present invention also provides a new application of the Chinese medicine compound extract, which can be used in inhibiting the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene and in the preparation of an antitumor drug that inhibits the overexpression of the ras proto-oncogene after mutation, and is expected to be developed into a new generation of anti-cancer drugs. tumor drugs.
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