CN105210995A - 一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法及应用,其中方法具体是通过在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天至第十五天之间向卵白内注射至少一次ghrelin溶液。本发明实施方法简单,能显著提高鸡胚出壳时法氏囊指数、法氏囊滤泡面积、法氏囊滤泡内PCNA阳性率,能显著提高鸡胚出壳时脾脏指数、脾脏细胞PCNA光密度值以及脾脏动脉周围组织淋巴鞘。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及减少新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法具体涉及一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法及应用。
背景技术
一些鸟类包括鸡,一出壳就立即摄食,伴随着食物的摄入,共生菌开始栖息,致病菌也开始侵入,但其淋巴细胞功能发育成熟发生在2周以后,加上鸡的母源抗体保护力差,因而各种疾病随之出现。现有技术中主要通过雏鸡出壳后的一系列方法来提高雏鸡的免疫功能,比如:疫苗。然而在雏鸡免疫器官发育健全之前,免疫器官对疫苗的免疫应答能力较差,疫苗的效果就大打折扣。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法及应用。
本发明的技术方案是:一种利用ghrelin减少新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,具体是通过在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天至第十五天之间向卵白内注射至少一次ghrelin溶液。
本发明的进一步改进包括:
所述ghrelin溶液的浓度为100-150ng/ul,每次每蛋注射量为0.1ml。
在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天和第十五天时,分别向卵白内注射一次ghrelin溶液。
在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为100ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为150ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
在受精蛋开始孵化的第十五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为100ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
在受精蛋开始孵化的第十五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为150ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
本发明的另一目的在于,ghrelin在促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育中的应用。
本发明实施方法简单,通过卵内饲喂,能显著提高鸡胚出壳时法氏囊指数、法氏囊滤泡面积、法氏囊滤泡内PCNA阳性率,能显著提高鸡胚出壳时脾脏指数、脾脏细胞PCNA光密度值以及脾脏动脉周围组织淋巴鞘
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做详细说明。
实验材料与方法
1试验材料
1.1实验动物
选用Ross肉鸡受精种蛋(新乡大用有限公司)称重,挑取重量在65-70g的蛋140枚,随机分成7组,每组20枚,分别为Control组(正常孵化倍,不做任何处理)、E5-100组、E5-150组、E5-醋酸组、E15-100组、E15-150组、E15-醋酸组。对各组蛋进行编号,记录。孵化条件:37.5±0.2℃,相对湿度55±2%。
1.2动物处理:卵内喂食ghrelin
Control组在整个孵化的过程中不做任何处理;
E5-100组在E5胚龄时每枚蛋注射浓度为100ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml;
E5-150组在E5胚龄时每枚蛋注射浓度为150ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml,
E5-醋酸组在E5胚龄时每枚蛋注射醋酸0.1ml;
E15-100组在E15胚龄时每枚蛋注射浓度为100ng/ulghrelin溶液0.1ml,
E15-150组在E15胚龄时每枚蛋注射浓度为150ng/ulghrelin溶液0.1ml。
E15-醋酸组在E5胚龄时每枚蛋注射醋酸0.1ml;
ghrelin溶液的配方:鼠ghrelin粉末,用浓度为0.1%醋酸稀释。
卵内喂食的具体步骤:E5(开始孵化的第五天)胚龄时,通过照蛋器照蛋发现卵白的位置在气室的正下方,E15胚龄时,通过照蛋器照蛋,发现卵白的位置在气室的斜下方,标出注射位点。采用22G针头卵白注射ghrelin溶液,注射后,玻璃纸蜡封注射口,继续孵化,此时,孵化器摇蛋按钮关闭,24小时后,蜡封的口凝固后,重新打开摇蛋按钮,继续孵化。
1.3组织取材
雏鸡出壳后新生雏鸡称重,记录。按100㎎/100g体质量乌拉坦麻醉,然后颈椎脱臼处死,其中每组17只鸡取脾脏和法氏囊用0.75%的生理盐水冲洗干净,用滤纸吸去多余的水分,再用万分之一的分析天平称重后置于4%的多聚甲醛磷酸缓冲液(PH7.4)中固定。
2试验方法
2.1石蜡切片制作
将固定好的脾脏、法氏囊等组织置于水龙头下,流水冲洗24小时后置于梯度酒精脱水(50%酒精2h、60%酒精2h、70%酒精2h、80%酒精2h、90%酒精1h、100%酒精Ⅰ30min、100%酒精Ⅱ30min),再放入二甲苯:无水酒精(1:1)Ⅰ、Ⅱ各1h,最后置于二甲苯中透明。透明后的组织顺次放入蜡Ⅰ、蜡Ⅱ各30min,最后放入蜡Ⅲ1h,包埋组织,制作蜡块。将组织蜡块切片机连续切片,厚度5μm,45℃水浴展片,捞片,55℃烤片机烤片,后置于37℃电热恒温干燥箱内24h备用。
2.2常规HE染色
(1)将脱蜡处理后的组织切片用蒸馏水洗涤干净;(2)苏木精溶液染色约10min;(3)用蒸馏水冲洗去多余的染液,0.5%盐酸乙醇溶液中1-3s(至镜检下细胞浆为无色时取出);(4)蒸馏水洗涤3次,每次约5min,后自来水蓝化20min;(5)依次浸入50%乙醇溶液、70%乙醇溶液、85%乙醇溶液,每级1-2min;(6)0.5%伊红乙醇溶液染色约2min;(7)依次浸入95%乙醇、无水乙醇中脱水(每级1-3min);(8)二甲苯:无水乙醇(1:1)3min;(9)二甲苯透明处理10min,最后用中性树胶封片,封好后置于通风柜中晾干。
2.3PCNA(细胞增核抗原)免疫组化
1.石蜡切片经二甲苯Ⅰ、二甲苯Ⅱ各脱蜡5min,浓度递减梯度酒精3min,最后置蒸馏水中。
2.于0.01M的柠檬酸钠酸碱缓冲液中,微波修复(要求:调整火力使缓冲液温度保持在92-95℃,时间持续15min,冷却至室温),暴露抗原。
3.0.01MPBS清洗3次,每次5min。
4.3%双氧水(用甲醇和30%双氧水配制)处理,置于湿盒室温避光孵育30min,封闭内源性的过氧化物酶。
5.0.01MPBS清洗3次,每次5min。
6.5%的山羊血清(用0.01PBS配制)处理,置于湿盒室温孵育30min,进一步抑制假阳性表达。
7.不清洗,甩去多余液体,加PCNA单抗(小鼠抗人,用0.01MPBS1:200倍稀释),每张片上选择1-2片组织作为阴性对照,阴性对照加等量的0.01MPBS,4℃孵育过夜。
8.室温恒温1h。
9.0.01MPBS清洗3次,每次5min。
10.加二抗(山羊抗小鼠IgG,用0.01MPBS1:100倍稀释),置于湿盒室温孵育2h。
11.0.01MPBS清洗3次,每次5min。
12.利用DAB显色试剂盒显色:1mL蒸馏水中,加入A试剂一滴,混匀,再依次加入B、C各一滴,混匀。滴加至切片上,置于湿盒室温避光孵育,显微镜下观察,控制显色时间(注意:在保证充分孵育的同时,又要防止背景颜色过深),显色完成后,用蒸馏水漂洗干净。
13.苏木素复染2min,蒸馏水漂洗,自来水流水蓝化5min。
14.浓度递增梯度酒精脱水,梯度酒精3min,二甲苯Ⅰ、Ⅱ5min,中性树胶封片。
15.结果判定:镜下PCNA免疫阳性细胞呈棕黄色或褐色。
16.利用Olympus显微照相系统拍照,IPP(Image-ProPlussoftware6.0)软件测量PCNA表达的光密度值。
3数据统计
利用SAS8.01进行数据统计,One-wayANONA分析,结果用平均数±标准差(MEAN±SD)。二、实验结果
表1卵内注射Ghrelin对脾脏发育的影响
表1表明与对照组相比,鸡胚E5胚龄分别注射100和150ng/ul0.1ml以及E15胚龄注射100ng/ul0.1mlghrelin均能显著提高鸡胚出壳时脾脏指数、脾脏细胞PCNA光密度值以及脾脏动脉周围组织淋巴鞘,但E5胚龄100ng/ul的浓度,提高的最多,E5胚龄和E15胚龄注射相同浓度的醋酸对鸡胚出壳时脾脏指数、脾脏细胞PCNA光密度值以及脾脏动脉周围组织淋巴鞘的影响不大,而E15胚龄注射150ng/ul0.1mlghrelin对鸡胚出壳时脾脏指数、脾脏细胞PCNA光密度值以及脾脏动脉周围组织淋巴鞘有抑制作用,但差异不显著。
表2.卵内注射Ghrelin对法氏囊发育的影响
表2表明与对照组相比,鸡胚E5胚龄分别注射100和150ng/ul0.1ml以及E15胚龄注射100ng/ul0.1mlghrelin均能显著提高鸡胚出壳时法氏囊指数、法氏囊滤泡面积、法氏囊滤泡内PCNA阳性率,但E5胚龄100ng/ul的浓度,提高的最多,E5胚龄和E15胚龄注射相同浓度的醋酸对鸡胚出壳时法氏囊指数、法氏囊滤泡面积、法氏囊滤泡内PCNA阳性率的影响不大,而E15胚龄注射150ng/ul0.1mlghrelin对鸡胚出壳时法氏囊指数、法氏囊滤泡面积、法氏囊滤泡内PCNA阳性率有抑制作用,但差异不显著。
结论:脾脏和法氏囊是鸡的重要免疫器官,它的发育情况能够反应雏鸡的免疫功能,1、2的结果表明,鸡胚E5胚龄注射100ng/ulghrelin能显著提高肉鸡出壳时的免疫器官的发育。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (9)
1.一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天至第十五天之间向卵白内注射至少一次ghrelin溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,所述ghrelin溶液的浓度为100-150ng/ul,每次每蛋注射量为0.1ml。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天和第十五天时,分别向卵白内注射一次ghrelin溶液。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为100ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,在受精蛋开始孵化的第五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为150ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,在受精蛋开始孵化的第十五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为100ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,在受精蛋开始孵化的第十五天时,每枚蛋注射浓度为150ng/ul的ghrelin溶液0.1ml。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种利用ghrelin促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育的方法,其特征在于,所述的ghrelin来源是鼠。
9.ghrelin在促进新生雏鸡免疫器官发育中的应用。
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