CN105114812B - Wax proofing oil pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

The anti-wax oil pipeline of the present invention belongs to the field of anti-crystallization equipment for oil pipelines, solves the problems existing in the existing wax removal and anti-wax technology, and adopts a technical solution: multiple oil processors are arranged at intervals in the oil pipeline, and the oil processor includes a tank , the corresponding two sides of the tank body are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a plurality of oil processor modules are fixedly arranged in the tank body, and the multiple oil processor modules are fastened and connected by connecting pieces, and the oil processor module includes two There are two single-sided magnetic plates, and multiple double-sided magnetic plates are set between two single-sided magnetic plates. There are plastic partitions, and multiple longitudinal oil passage grooves are set on the inner surface of the single-sided magnetic guide plate and the two planes of the double-sided magnetic guide plate. The width of the narrowest part of the oil passage groove is 20-28mm. A plurality of plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the plastic partition of the oil tank.

Description

Anti-wax deposition pipeline

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-crystallization equipment for oil pipelines, in particular to an anti-wax deposition oil pipeline.

Background technique

Waxy crude oil is abundant in China, and according to statistics, crude oil with a mass fraction of wax exceeding 10% accounts for almost 90% of the total output of crude oil. Moreover, the mass fraction of most crude oil waxes is above 20%, and some are even as high as 40% to 50%. Under the formation conditions of waxy crude oil, wax is generally dissolved in the crude oil. With the decrease of pressure and temperature and the escape of light components during the production process, the wax gradually precipitates and deposits in the formation, tubing, and pipeline, giving The extraction and transportation of crude oil brings many problems.

The wax deposition of oil pipelines will not only increase the energy consumption of pipeline operation and affect the safe operation of pipelines, but also may cause condensation accidents, which will bring great safety hazards to the transportation of oil pipelines. Therefore, the problem of wax deposition in oil pipelines and the technology of wax removal and prevention have always been a hot spot and key topic in the research of pipeline workers.

At present, there are several main methods commonly used to solve the problem of wax deposition in oil pipelines: 1. Heating transportation. Most oil fields in my country use heating transportation. However, this heating transportation method has complex processes, high energy consumption, huge investment and safety. Poor, oil transfer efficiency is extremely low. The second is to add pour point depressants and anti-coagulant agents to crude oil. Compared with heating transportation, this method has a better anti-wax effect, but the price of these chemical additives is too high, and the perennial injection will greatly increase the cost of crude oil transportation, which is not suitable Large-scale promotion and use. 3 is the way of mechanical wax removal. Mechanical wax removal is the most traditional and commonly used method of wax removal. Although the cost of mechanical wax removal is low, this removal method will cause mechanical damage to the pipeline and affect the service life of the pipeline , and can't do anything about some elbows or special parts of the oil pump.

Contents of the invention

The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, solves the problems of the existing wax removal and prevention technology, and aims to provide a wax deposition prevention oil pipeline. The anti-wax oil pipeline has a simple structure and low cost, and uses a magnetic field to change the internal arrangement of wax molecules, thereby effectively inhibiting the accumulation of wax crystals and greatly improving the efficiency of crude oil transportation.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the anti-wax oil pipeline, including the oil pipeline, and a plurality of oil processors are arranged at intervals in the oil pipeline, and the oil processor includes a base, and the base is fixedly arranged There is a hollow tank, and the corresponding sides of the tank are respectively provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet that communicate with the inner space of the tank. There are two partitions in the tank, and a plurality of oil tanks are fixed between the partitions. Processor module, the plurality of oil processor modules are fastened and connected by connectors, the oil processor module includes a single-sided magnetic conduction plate on the upper and lower sides, and the upper and lower single-sided magnetic conduction plates Multiple double-sided magnetic plates are set, plastic partitions are set between double-sided magnetic plates and single-sided magnetic plates and between adjacent double-sided magnetic plates, single-sided magnetic plates, double-sided magnetic plates The board and the plastic partition are fastened together by bolts. There are multiple longitudinal oil grooves on the inner surface of the single-sided magnetic plate and the upper and lower planes of the double-sided magnetic plate. The width of the narrowest part of the oil groove is 20-28 mm, a plurality of plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets are arranged at intervals on the plastic partition corresponding to the oil passage.

Preferably, the oil passage groove is bamboo-shaped.

Preferably, the plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets are arranged longitudinally and transversely in an N-S-N-S manner, and the arrangement of the plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets on each plastic separator is the same.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

Crude oil is composed of a variety of organic substances, hydrocarbons are the main components of crude oil, paraffin wax is dissolved in crude oil in a colloidal state, and is mainly composed of alkanes. Since crude oil is a diamagnetic substance, when subjected to a magnetic field, various magnetic moments in its molecules will precess around the direction of the external magnetic field, and become a kind of swing after leaving the magnetic field. Due to the existence of this swing, the mutual association between molecules is destroyed, that is, the short-range order of the so-called liquid molecules is destroyed, the polymerization between crude oil molecules and molecular groups is weakened, the intermolecular bonds are relaxed, and the flow of crude oil molecules The paraffin molecules dissolve in the crude oil as a dispersed phase, and the intermolecular force weakens when the paraffin molecules crystallize, which inhibits the formation of wax crystals. Once the wax crystals are precipitated in the oil stream before magnetization, the formation of wax crystals can be destroyed after magnetization, and at the same time, some wax crystals are decomposed into small colloidal particles in a dispersed state and dissolved in the crude oil. Due to the magnetization effect, the fluidity of crude oil is changed, and the growth of wax crystals is inhibited, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing wax formation.

Since multiple oil processors are set at intervals on the oil pipeline, when the magnetized crude oil passes through the oil processor again, the crystal nuclei and uncrystallized paraffin molecules are simultaneously restrained by the magnetization effect, which not only delays the accumulation of wax crystals, but also inhibits the formation of new wax crystals. Wax crystals are precipitated, and the amount of wax deposition in oil pipelines is reduced.

After multiple magnetic treatments of crude oil, the crystallization process of heavy components in paraffin wax is inhibited, that is, the formation and growth of crystal nuclei are inhibited, so that the content of heavy components in the deposited wax is reduced and the wax becomes soft. After the light components with more content in paraffin are subjected to multiple magnetic field forces, their deposition on the surface of the heavy component crystal nuclei, that is, the growth and aggregation process of the crystal nuclei, is further inhibited, and the deposition of wax on the tube wall is reduced. Such a small amount of soft wax has weak adhesion to the pipe wall and is carried by the oil flow, effectively removing the old wax adhering to the oil pipeline.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wax-prevention oil pipeline.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the oil processor.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the oil processing module.

Fig. 4 is a front structural schematic diagram of a single-sided magnetically conductive plate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a side view structure of a single-sided magnetically conductive plate.

Fig. 6 is a front structural schematic diagram of a double-sided magnetically conductive plate.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a side view structure of a double-sided magnetically conductive plate.

FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 3 .

Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view along B-B in Fig. 8 .

In the figure: 1 is the oil pipeline, 2 is the oil processor, 3 is the oil inlet, 4 is the oil outlet, 5 is the base, 6 is the tank body, 7 is the partition, 8 is the oil processing module, and 9 is the single-sided Magnetic plate, 10 is a double-sided magnetic plate, 11 is a plastic partition, 12 is a permanent magnet, 13 is an oil groove, and 14 is a magnet hole.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-9, the anti-wax oil pipeline includes an oil pipeline 1, and a plurality of oil processors 2 are arranged at intervals in the oil pipeline 1, and the distance between the oil processors 2 is based on the oil pipeline 1 It is determined by the diameter and the mass fraction of wax in the transported crude oil.

The oil processor 2 includes a base 5, on which a hollow tank body 6 is fixedly arranged, and two sides corresponding to the tank body 6 are respectively provided with an oil inlet 3 and an oil outlet 4 communicating with the inner space of the tank body 6 , two partitions 7 are arranged in the tank body 6, and a plurality of oil treatment modules 8 are fixedly arranged between the partitions 7, and the plurality of oil treatment modules 8 are fastened and connected by connectors, and the oil treatment modules 8 includes a single-sided magnetic-conductive plate 9 each one up and down, and a plurality of double-sided magnetic-conductive plates 10 are arranged between the upper and lower two single-sided magnetic-conductive plates 9. There are plastic partitions 11 between the adjacent double-sided magnetic plates 10, the single-sided magnetic plates 9, the double-sided magnetic plates 10 and the plastic partitions 11 are fastened together by bolts. The inner surface of the magnetic plate 9 and the upper and lower planes of the double-sided magnetic plate 10 all offer a plurality of longitudinal oil passage grooves 13, and the width of the narrowest part on the oil passage groove 13 is 20-28 millimeters. A plurality of magnet holes 14 are arranged at intervals on the separator 11 , and the plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets 12 are installed in the magnet holes 14 .

The plastic-encapsulated permanent magnet 12 transforms the original three-layer plastic partition 11 into a single layer, which simplifies the production process of the plastic partition 11, and increases the magnetism of the permanent magnet 12, which increases the magnetic flux acting on the crude oil. The width of the large oil tank 13 solves the problem that the original oil tank 13 will be blocked. After the oil tank 13 is enlarged, the diameter of the corresponding permanent magnet 12 also needs to be increased, and the strength of the magnetic line of force for crude oil flow cutting is increased, which enhances the oil treatment. The role of device 2.

Mechanism of action of the present invention: waxy crude oil enters the tank body 6 from the oil inlet 3 of the oil processor 2, flows out from the oil outlet 4 after passing through each oil passage 13 of the oil treatment module 8, and the plastic on both sides of the oil passage 13 The plurality of permanent magnets 12 and the magnetic guide plate set on the partition 11 together constitute a circulating external magnetic field. Since hydrocarbons are highly magnetic substances, when crude oil flows through the above-mentioned external magnetic field, the wax molecules and their clusters will generate magnetically induced resonance. , the intermolecular resonance and the resonance of wax crystals produce a destructive dispersion effect, and at the same time enhance the interaction between paraffin and colloid, increase the number of crystallization centers inside the crude oil, reduce the probability of paraffin molecules crystallizing on the tube wall, and prevent Wax effect.

Since multiple oil processors 2 are arranged at intervals on the oil pipeline 1, after the crude oil has undergone multiple magnetic treatments, the crystallization process of the heavy components in the paraffin wax is inhibited, that is, the generation and growth of crystal nuclei are inhibited, so that the deposition The content of heavy components in the wax is reduced and the wax becomes softer. After the light components with more content in paraffin are subjected to multiple magnetic field forces, their deposition on the surface of the heavy component crystal nuclei, that is, the growth and aggregation process of the crystal nuclei, is further inhibited, and the deposition of wax on the tube wall is reduced. Such a small amount of soft wax has weak adhesion to the pipe wall and is carried by the oil flow, effectively removing the old wax adhered to the oil pipeline 1 .

The invention uses a magnetic field to change the internal structure of crude oil and paraffin molecules to remove and prevent wax. The process is simple, no external energy is consumed, the cost is low, and the management and maintenance can also play a certain role in reducing viscosity and increasing injection.

In order to increase the flow rate of the oil flowing through the oil passage 13, the oil passage 13 is arranged in a bamboo shape. The bamboo-shaped design structure makes crude oil turbulent, increases the flow velocity of crude oil, thereby increases the speed of crude oil cutting magnetic field lines, and makes oil molecules easier to decompose into highly active small molecular clusters.

In order to enhance the magnetization capability of the oil treatment module 8, the plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets 12 are arranged longitudinally and transversely in an N-S-N-S manner, and the arrangement of the plastic-enclosed permanent magnets 12 on each plastic separator 11 is the same. This staggered distribution of magnetic fields can prevent demagnetization between the permanent magnets 12 , and the staggered distribution of magnetic fields can effectively inhibit the recombination of small clusters of crude oil molecules and improve the magnetization capability of the oil processing module 8 .

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. kind of change.

Claims (2)

1. The anti-wax oil pipeline, including the oil pipeline (1), is characterized in that: the oil pipeline (1) is provided with a plurality of oil processors (2) at intervals, and the oil processor (2) includes a base ( 5), the base (5) is fixed with a hollow tank (6), and the corresponding sides of the tank (6) are respectively provided with an oil inlet (3) and an outlet connected to the inner space of the tank (6). The oil port (4), the tank body (6) is provided with two partitions (7), and a plurality of oil treatment modules (8) are fixedly arranged between the partitions (7), and the plurality of oil treatment modules (8 ) are tightly connected by connectors, the oil treatment module (8) includes a single-sided magnetic conduction plate (9) on the upper and lower sides, and multiple single-sided magnetic conduction plates (9) are arranged between the upper and lower two Double-sided magnetic plates (10), plastic partitions (11) are arranged between double-sided magnetic plates (10) and single-sided magnetic plates (9) and between adjacent double-sided magnetic plates (10) ), the single-sided magnetic-conductive plate (9), the double-sided magnetic-conductive plate (10) and the plastic separator (11) are fastened together by bolts, the inner surface of the single-sided magnetic-conductive plate (9) and the double-sided magnetic-conductive plate A plurality of longitudinal oil passage grooves (13) are provided on the upper and lower planes of the plate (10), and the width of the narrowest part on the oil passage grooves (13) is 20-28 mm. 11) A plurality of plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets (12) are arranged at intervals on the upper side; the oil passage groove (13) is bamboo-shaped. 2. The anti-waxing oil pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: the longitudinal and transverse directions of the plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets (12) are arranged in the manner of N-S-N-S, and the plastic-encapsulated permanent magnets on each plastic partition (11) (12) are arranged in the same way.