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CN105103648A - 使用中央节点来收集ran用户平面拥塞信息的系统和方法 - Google Patents

使用中央节点来收集ran用户平面拥塞信息的系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105103648A
CN105103648A CN201480018504.4A CN201480018504A CN105103648A CN 105103648 A CN105103648 A CN 105103648A CN 201480018504 A CN201480018504 A CN 201480018504A CN 105103648 A CN105103648 A CN 105103648A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
interface
rci
cicf
congestion
network
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CN201480018504.4A
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English (en)
Inventor
单长虹
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Intel IP Corp
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Intel IP Corp
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Publication of CN105103648A publication Critical patent/CN105103648A/zh
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Abstract

中央节点收集并存储从无线接入网络(RAN)向核心网络报告的RAN用户平面拥塞信息(RCI)。中央节点提供拥塞信息收集功能(CICF)，并且包括一个或多个接口以与移动性管理实体(MME)和/或服务通用分组无线服务(GPRS)支持节点(SGSN)通信。该MME和/或SGSN使中央节点能确定受RAN拥塞影响的用户设备(UE)和关联的接入点名称(APN)。中央节点向与APN相关联的策略与计费规则功能(PCRF)报告该RCI以用于拥塞缓解。

Description

使用中央节点来收集RAN用户平面拥塞信息的系统和方法
相关申请
本申请要求于2013年4月26日提交的美国临时申请No.61/816,662(代理案号P55863Z)在35U.S.C.§119(e)下的权益，其全部内容通过引用被结合于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信系统。更加具体地，本公开涉及无线接入网络用户平面拥塞感知。
附图说明
图1是示出了无线通信系统中的示例无线接入网络(RAN)用户平面拥塞的框图；
图2是根据一个实施例的包括中央节点的非漫游架构的框图；
图3A和3B是根据某些实施例的包括中央节点的漫游架构的框图；
图4是根据一个实施例的包括中央节点的另一架构的框图；
图5A和5B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由控制平面报告RAN用户平面拥塞信息(RCI)的示例性处理；
图6A和6B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由用户平面报告RCI的示例性处理；
图7A和7B根据某些实施例示出了用于使用策略和计费控制(PCC)报告RCI的示例性处理；
图8A、8B和8C根据某些实施例示出了用于经由网络管理平面报告RCI的示例性处理；
图9A和9B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由控制平面报告RCI的示例性处理；
图10A和10B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由用户平面报告RCI的示例性处理；
图11A和11B根据某些实施例示出了用于使用PCC报告RCI的示例性处理；
图12A、12B和12C根据某些实施例示出了用于经由网络管理平面报告RCI的示例性处理；
图13根据一个实施例示出了用于在核心网络中管理RCI的示例性过程。
优选实施例的详细描述
无线移动通信技术使用各种标准和协议来在基站和无线通信设备之间传输数据。无线通信系统标准和协议可包括例如，第3代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)长期演进(LTE)、全球移动通信系统(GSM)和增强型数据速率GSM(EDGE)标准。在LTE网络中的3GPP无线接入网络(RAN)中，基站可包括演进型通用陆地无线接入网络(E-UTRAN)节点B(通常也被表示为演进型节点B、增强型节点B、eNodeB或eNB)和/或E-UTRAN中的无线网络控制器(RNC)，它们与被称为用户设备(UE)的无线通信设备通信。
移动运营商正在目睹用户数据流量的显著增加。对于一些运营商，用户数据流量在几年中每年都增长了超过一倍。尽管网络的数据容量已经显著增长，但是在用户流量中所观察到的增长持续超过容量的增长。这导致了增加的网络拥塞和降级的用户服务体验。
当在一段时间内，对于RAN资源的需求超过了用以传送用户数据的可用RAN容量时，RAN用户平面拥塞发生。RAN用户平面拥塞导致例如分组丢失或延迟，并且可能导致、也可能不会导致恶化的末端用户体验。在任何流量负载水平中，短期的流量突发是正常情况，并且通常不被视为RAN用户平面拥塞。同样地，对RAN资源的高水平利用(基于运营商配置)通常被视为正常模式的操作，并且不会是RAN用户平面拥塞。另外，RAN用户平面拥塞包括发生在空中接口(例如，LTE-Uu接口)上的、发生在无线电节点(例如，eNB)中的、和/或发生在RAN和核心网络之间的回程接口(例如，S1-u接口)上的用户平面拥塞。
I.RAN用户平面拥塞信息的概述
图1是示出了在3GPP系统100中的示例性RAN用户平面拥塞的框图。系统100包括由第一eNodeB112服务的第一小区110、由第二eNodeB116服务的第二小区114、以及由第三eNodeB120服务的第三小区118。小区110、114、118通过3GPPRAN122、回程接口124、演进分组核心(EPC或“核心网络”)126以及互联网128或其他网络传送用户数据。在此示例中，小区110、114、118均具有75Mbps的无线容量，并且RAN122和EPC126之间的回程接口124具有100Mbps的容量。在一个示例场景中，当流量体量超过小区容量时，用户平面拥塞发生。例如，当第二小区114中的UE130、132正在生成总计为该小区容量的用户平面流量，然后额外的或现有的UE134试图生成额外的用户平面流量时，在第二小区114中发生用户平面拥塞129。
通过另一示例的方式，当正由小区110、114、118服务的UE130、132、134、136、138、140、142的用户平面数据量总数超过了在RAN122和EPC126之间的接口124的实际容量时，也可发生用户平面拥塞136。这种用户平面拥塞136可限制所涉及的UE130、132、134、136、138、140、142中的每一个的性能。这可导致过度的数据速率降低或拒绝服务。尽管小区110、114、118中的每一个可具有必要的容量来支持它们服务的相应的UE130、132、134、136、138、140、142，但是回程接口124的容量对UE130、132、134、136、138、140、142中的每一个都产生影响，并且在最坏的情况下，可实际阻止UE130、132、134、136、138、140、142中的一个或多个被提供任何容量。
因此，在某些实施例中，系统100试图缓解RAN用户平面拥塞来克服或减少对所感知的针对数据流量的服务质量的负面影响。拥塞缓解可包括例如流量优先化、流量减少、和/或流量限制(例如，节流)。取决于运营商的缓解策略，基于用户的订阅类、应用类型、和/或内容类型，可以选择不同的拥塞缓解措施。为了提供拥塞缓解，在RAN122外部的某些网络元件可能需要变为感知拥塞状况。
在本文所公开的某些实施例中，RAN122(和/或一个或多个其他网络元件)基于监控RAN资源，通过使用RAN测量来确定拥塞程度。RAN用户平面拥塞信息(RUCI或简单地RCI)指示从RAN122到核心网络126的拥塞程度。RCI可通过例如标量值来指示拥塞的水平。在一些实施例中，RCI可以包括其他信息，诸如拥塞的RAN的位置(例如，RCI可包括对应于RAN122或RAN122的特定小区的小区标识符(ID))。
此外，或在其他实施例中，RCI可包括以下信息元素中的一个或多个：拥塞接口元素，该拥塞接口元素指示拥塞是在无线电接口(例如，LTE-Uu、Uu)中还是在网络接口(例如，Gb、Iu-PS、S1-U)中；拥塞安全程度元素，该拥塞安全程度元素包括指示程度的预定义数字(例如，0至7，其中越小的值表示越严重，反之亦然)；拥塞情况元素，该拥塞情况元素指示当前是否存在拥塞(例如，0值指示无拥塞，而1值指示拥塞)；对于基于小区的用户平面拥塞通知，小区ID元素；对于基于UE的用户平面拥塞通知，UEID元素；对于基于APN的用户平面拥塞通知，接入点名称(APN)元素；和/或对于基于分组数据协议(PDP)上下文或基于演进分组系统(EPS)承载的用户平面拥塞通知，相关ID元素。
在各种实施例中，RCI可经由用户平面(例如，扩展的GTP-U扩展报头)、控制平面(例如，S1-MME、S11、S5/S8、Gx、Rx接口或其他信令接口)、或网络管理平面(例如，操作和维护(O&M)系统、接入网络发现和选择功能(ANDSF)、或其他服务器或管理平面元件)被传输到核心网络。无论RCI是经由用户平面、控制平面、或网络管理平面进行传输的，核心网络内的策略与计费规则功能(PCRF)可针对拥塞缓解提供策略。然而，诸如网关通用分组无线服务(GPRS)支持节点(GGSN)或分组数据网络(PDN)网关(P-GW)之类的核心网络元件并非被设计用于存储RCI，其中RCI可能是有状态的。此外，在漫游情况下，具有间接用户平面或控制平面接口的eNodeB的数量可能相当大。对于GGSN或P-GW来说，除了执行其正常的路由功能，还要存储该大量信息可能非常困难。
II.用于向核心网络报告RCI的中央节点
在某些实施例中，中央节点终止从RAN向核心网络报告的RCI。中央节点可以是逻辑功能实体，并且在本文中可被称作RAN拥塞感知功能(RCAF)或拥塞信息收集功能(CICF)。无论中央节点被称作RCAF还是CICF，该中央节点使用所报告的RCI来协调规则，以使PCRF在使用不同P-GW的不同APN上对于相同服务质量(QoS)等级标识符(QCI)应用相同的经调整的QoS。如下面所讨论的，RCAF或CICF收集RCI，在一段时间内存储RCI，发现用于受影响的UE的适当的PCRF，并且查询并接收被连接至正经历用户平面拥塞的给定eNodeB的UE的列表和针对被连接到该给定eNodeB的每一UE的相关APN。RCAF或CICF与服务受影响的UE的PCRF通信以进行RAN用户平面拥塞信息报告。
A.示例性架构
图2是根据一个实施例的、包括中央节点210的E-UTRAN的非漫游架构的框图。在示例以及在本文所讨论的其他示例中，中央节点210被称作CICF210。然而，如上面所讨论的，术语RCAF也可适用于中央节点210。CICF210可以是独立功能或可以与公共陆地移动网络(PLMN)200内的其他网络元件搭配在一起。PLMN200包括在CICF210和eNodeB212之间的接口S101、在CICF210和移动性管理实体(MME)214之间的接口S102、在CICF210和服务网关(S-GW)216之间的接口S103、在CICF210和服务GPRS支持节点(SGSN)218之间的接口S104、在CICF210和O&M系统220之间的接口S105、在CICF210和P-GW222之间的接口S106、以及在CICF210和PCRF224之间的接口S107。接口S101、S102、S103、S104、S105、S106、S107在本文中还可被称作参考点。eNodeB212与一个或多个UE226进行无线通信。SGSN218可提供对GSMEDGE无线接入网络(GERAN)228和/或UTRAN230的核心网络访问。
CICF210收集并存储RCI。根据某些实施例，基于所存储的RCI，CICF210触发PCRF224以修改互联网协议连接性接入网络(IP-CAN)会话。然后，PCRF224可提供针对拥塞缓解的策略。
在一个实施例中，CICF210通过接口S105从O&M220收集原始用户平面拥塞信息。O&M220可对应于RAN运营商的操作支持系统(OSS)级特征(O&M220未被假设为处于eNodeB或RNC内)。CICF210确定受到用户平面拥塞影响的UE226的列表。CICF210还可利用符合核心缓解工具的积分时间来集成RAN拥塞状态(例如，从而仅向PCRF224提供有关持续拥塞的信息)。此外，或在其他实施例中，CICF210还提供RAN拥塞信息的“空间”整合(由于移动性和一个或多个UE226可能正由多个小区服务，与小区相关联的RCI可取决于邻近小区中的拥塞状态)。
CICF210通过CICF210和PCRF224之间的接口S107发送RCI。通过接口S102，MME214向CICF210提供了给定eNodeBID或E-UTRAN小区全球标识符(ECGI)中的受影响的UE226的列表(例如，与UE226相关联的国际移动订户标识(IMSI)的列表)。针对该列表中的每一个IMSI，SGSN发送活动PDN连接的APN。针对一组IMSI，使用在CICF210和SGSN218之间的接口S104以向CICF210提供这些IMSI中的每一个的活动PDN连接的APN列表。在某些实施例中，不通过接口S102或接口S104发送拥塞信息。
在某些实施例中，RCI通过接口S107进行定义并且RCI包括拥塞和/或减轻(abatement)位置信息(例如，eNodeBID、小区ID、或3G服务区域ID)。拥塞位置信息可提供对于拥塞接口方向和节点的指示，该指示包括例如，无线电接口下行链路信息(例如，LTE-Uu、Uu)、无线电接口上行链路信息、网络接口下行链路信息(例如，Gb、lu-PS、S1-U)、网络接口上行链路信息、和/或RAN节点信息(例如，eNodeB、RAN、和/或基站子系统(BSS)信息)。
通过接口S107定义的RCI还包括拥塞程度信息(例如，基于0-7、或0-10的范围或其他一些范围的拥塞严重程度)、和/或指示拥塞存在的拥塞情况信息(例如，0值指示拥塞消失，1值指示拥塞出现)。RCI还可包括与拥塞信息相关联的有效时间。当有效时间过去，并且没有再接收到拥塞信息时，例如，拥塞被假定为结束。此外，或在其他实施例中，RCI包括UE标识符(例如，国际移动设备标识(IMEI))、用户标识(例如，IMSI)、APN、和/或PDP上下文或EPS承载ID。
图3A和3B是根据某些实施例的包括拜访中央节点(V-CICF)310和归属中央节点(H-CICF)312的E-UTRAN漫游架构的框图。V-CICF310在拜访PLMN(VPLMN)314中，而H-CICF312在归属PLMN(HPLMN)316中。在此示例中，一个或多个UE226与VPLMN314中的eNodeB212进行无线通信。与针对图2中所示出的PLMN200的讨论类似，VPLMN314包括MME214、S-GW216、SGSN218、以及O&M220，以及它们各自的接口S101、S102、S103、S104、S105。接口S108在VPLMN314中的V-CICF310和HPLMN316中的H-CICF312之间。
图3A示出了E-UTRAN的归属路由的漫游架构，其中HPLMN316包括P-GW222和PCRF224，以及它们各自的接口S106、S107。图3B示出了E-UTRAN的本地疏导(local-breakout)漫游架构，其中VPLMN314包括P-GW222，以及在V-CICF310和P-GW222之间的接口S106。本地疏导漫游架构还包括具有到VPLMN314中的V-CICF310的接口S107(a)的拜访PCRF(V-PCRF)318，以及具有到HPLMN316中的H-CICF312的接口S107(b)的归属PCRF(H-PCRF)320。
在图3A和3B所示出的两种漫游架构中，V-CICF310收集并存储来自位于V-PLMN314中的网络元件的RCI。H-CICF312收集并存储来自位于H-PLMN316中的网络元件的RCI。在图3A所示出的归属路由漫游架构中，V-CICF310通过接口S108向H-CICF312发送它的RCI，并且H-CICF312向PCRF224提供V-CICF310已经收集的RCI和H-CICF已经收集的RCI两者。作为响应，PCRF224实现针对HPLMN316和/或VPLMN314中的拥塞缓解的策略。在图3B所示出的本地疏导路由架构中，V-CICF310通过接口S107(a)向V-PCRF318发送它所存储的RCI，并且H-CICF312通过接口S107(b)向H-PCRF320发送它所存储的RCI。作为响应，V-PCRF318实现针对VPLMN314中的拥塞缓解的策略，并且H-PCRF320实现针对HPLMN316中的拥塞缓解的策略。
图4是根据一个实施例的包括中央节点(CICF)210的GERAN/UTRAN架构的框图。在此示例中，一个或多个UE226通过PLMN400内的GERAN412和/或UTRAN414(例如，节点B)进行无线通信。
与针对图2中所示出的PLMN200的讨论类似，PLMN400包括在CICF210和SGSN218之间的接口S104、以及在CICF210和O&M系统220之间的接口S105。PLMN400还包括在CICF210和GERAN412之间的接口S109、在CICF210和UTRAN414之间的接口S110、在CICF210和GGSN416之间的接口S111。尽管未被示出，但是针对图2中所示出的E-UTRAN架构定义的接口S107也可被用于图4中所示出的GERAN/UTRAN架构。
CICF210收集并存储RCI。根据某些实施例，基于所存储的RCI，CICF210触发PCRF(未被示出)以修改IP-CAN会话。如上面关于图2所讨论的，PCRF其后可提供针对拥塞缓解的策略。
B.针对E-UTRAN向核心网络报告RCI的示例性过程
图5A和5B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由控制平面报告RCI的示例性处理。在图5A中，P-GW222经由控制平面(例如，S1-MME、S11、和/或S5/S8)向CICF210报告RCI。P-GW222包括策略和计费执行功能(PCEF)。该处理包括eNodeB212向MME214报告RCI(510)，MME214通过报告确认(Ack)(512)进行响应。MME214向S-GW216报告RCI(514)，S-GW216通过报告Ack(516)进行响应。S-GW216向P-GW222报告RCI(518)，P-GW222通过报告Ack(520)进行响应。P-GW222还可通过触发IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应被改变的用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。P-GW222向CICF210报告RCI(522)，CICF210通过报告Ack(524)进行响应。
在图5B中，MME214经由控制平面(例如，S1-MME)向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括eNodeB212向MME214报告RCI(526)，MME214通过报告Ack(528)进行响应。MME214还可通过触发IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应被改变的用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。MME214向CICF210报告RCI(530)，CICF210通过报告Ack(532)进行响应。
图6A和6B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由用户平面报告RCI的示例性处理。在图6A中，P-GW222经由用户平面向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括eNodeB212经由用户平面在GTP-U扩展报头中向S-GW216报告RCI(610)，S-GW216通过报告确认Ack(612)进行响应。S-GW216经由用户平面在GTP-U扩展报头中向P-GW222报告RCI(614)，P-GW222通过报告Ack(616)进行响应。P-GW222还可通过触发IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应被改变的用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。当P-GW222发觉RCI时，P-GW222向CICF210报告RCI(618)，CICF210通过报告Ack(620)进行响应。
在图6B中，S-GW216经由用户平面向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括eNodeB212经由用户平面在GTP-U扩展报头中向S-GW216报告RCI(622)，S-GW216通过报告确认Ack(624)进行响应。如果所报告的RCI指示S1-U拥塞，则S-GW216可修改映射在S1-U上的QoS并且对其进行内部处理。S-GW216还可通过触发IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应被改变的用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。当S-GW216发觉RCI时，S-GW216向CICF210报告RCI(626)，CICF210通过报告Ack(628)进行响应。
图7A和7B根据某些实施例示出了用于使用策略和计费控制(PCC)来报告RCI的示例性处理。在图7A中，经由PCRF224和与RAN节点搭配的PCEF向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括eNodeB212和与RAN节点搭配的PCEF向PCRF224报告RCI(710)，PCRF224通过报告Ack(712)进行响应。当PCRF224接收到该报告时，PCRF可发起IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应或应用在PCEF中配设的PCC规则。PCRF224向CICF210报告RCI(714)，CICF210通过报告Ack(716)进行响应。
在图7B中，经由代理718和PCRF224向CICF210报告RCI。代理718可以是例如O&M服务器、ANDSF服务器、新服务器、MME或被配置为收集来自RAN侧的RCI的一个或多个其他网络元件。该处理包括eNodeB212向代理718报告RCI(720)，代理718通过报告Ack(722)进行响应。当代理718接收到所报告的RCI时，代理718可触发UE或PCRF224来使能相关配设的规则或发起相关规则配设或修改过程。代理718向PCRF224报告RCI(724)，PCRF224通过报告Ack(726)进行响应。PCRF224向CICF210报告RCI(728)，CICF210通过报告Ack(730)进行响应。
图8A、8B和8C根据某些实施例示出了用于经由网络管理平面报告RCI的示例性处理。在图8A中，从RAN节点直接向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括eNodeB212向CICF210报告RCI(810)，CICF210通过报告Ack(812)进行响应。在图8B中，经由服务器814向CICF210报告RCI。服务器814可以是例如ANDSF服务器、O&M服务器、或新的类型的服务器。该处理包括eNodeB212向服务器814报告RCI(816)，服务器814通过报告Ack(818)进行响应。服务器814向CICF210报告RCI(820)，CICF210通过报告Ack(822)进行响应。在图8C中，经由代理718和服务器814向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括eNodeB212向代理718报告RCI(824)，代理718通过报告Ack(826)进行响应。代理718向服务器814报告RCI(828)，服务器814通过报告Ack(830)进行响应。服务器814向CICF210报告RCI(832)，CICF210通过报告Ack(834)进行响应。
C.用于GERAN/UTRAN向核心网络报告RCI的示例性过程
图9A和9B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由控制平面报告RCI的示例性处理。下面的示例适用于GERAN/UTRAN912。参见例如图4中所示出的架构。在图9A中，GGSN416经由控制平面向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912向SGSN218报告RCI(914)，SGSN218通过报告Ack(916)进行响应。SGSN218向GGSN416报告RCI(918)，GGSN416通过报告Ack(920)进行响应。GGSN416还可通过触发上下文修改过程以适应被改变的用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI进行响应。GGSN416向CICF210报告RCI(922)，CICF210通过报告Ack(926)进行响应。
在图9B中，SGSN218经由控制平面向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912向SGSN218报告RCI(914)，SGSN218通过报告Ack(930)进行响应。SGSN218还可通过触发PDP上下文和/或IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应被改变的RAN用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。SGSN218向CICF210报告RCI(932)，CICF210通过报告Ack(934)进行响应。
图10A和10B根据某些实施例示出了用于经由用户平面报告RCI的示例性处理。在图10A中，GGSN416经由用户平面向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912经由用户平面在GTP-U扩展报头中向SGSN218报告RCI(1010)，SGSN218通过报告Ack(1012)进行响应。SGSN218经由用户平面在GTP-U扩展报头中向GGSN416报告RCI(1014)，GGSN416通过报告Ack(1016)进行响应。GGSN416还可通过触发上下文修改过程以适应被改变的用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。GGSN416向CICF210报告RCI(1018)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1020)进行响应。
在图10B中，SGSN218经由用户平面向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912经由用户平面在GTP-U扩展报头中向SGSN218报告RCI(1022)，SGSN218通过报告Ack(1024)进行响应。SGSN218还可通过触发PDP上下文和/或IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应被改变的RAN用户平面拥塞情况来对接收RCI做出响应。SGSN218向CICF210报告RCI(1026)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1028)进行响应。
图11A和11B根据某些实施例示出了用于使用PCC来报告RCI的示例性处理。
在图11A中，经由PCRF224和与RAN节点搭配的PCEF向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912和与RAN节点搭配的PCEF向PCRF224报告RCI(1110)，PCRF224通过报告Ack(1112)进行响应。当PCRF224接收到报告，PCRF可发起IP-CAN会话修改过程以适应或应用在PCEF中配设的PCC规则。PCRF224向CICF210报告RCI(1114)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1116)进行响应。
在图11B中，经由代理1118和PCRF224向CICF210报告RCI。代理1118可以是例如O&M服务器、ANDSF服务器、新服务器或被配置为收集来自RAN侧的RCI的一个或多个其他网络元件。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912向代理1118报告RCI(1120)，代理1118通过报告Ack(1122)进行响应。当代理1118接收到所报告的RCI，代理1118可触发UE或PCRF224以使能相关配设的规则或发起相关规则配设或修改过程。代理1118向PCRF224报告RCI(1124)，PCRF224通过报告Ack(1126)进行响应。PCRF224向CICF210报告RCI(1128)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1130)进行响应。
图12A、12B和12C根据某些实施例示出了用于经由网络管理平面报告RCI的示例性处理。在图12A中，从RAN节点直接向CICF210报告RCI。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912向CICF210报告RCI(1210)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1212)进行响应。在图12B中，经由服务器1214向CICF210发送RCI。服务器1214可以是例如ANDSF服务器、O&M服务器或新的类型的服务器。该处理包括GERAN/UTRAN912向服务器1214报告RCI(1216)，服务器1214通过报告Ack(1218)进行响应。服务器1214向CICF210报告RCI(1220)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1222)进行响应。在图12C中，经由代理1118和服务器1214向CICF210报告RCI。该过程包括GERAN/UTRAN912向代理1118报告RCI(1224)，代理1118通过报告Ack(1226)进行响应。代理1118向服务器1214报告RCI(1228)，服务器1214通过报告Ack(1230)进行响应。服务器1214向CICF210报告RCI(1232)，CICF210通过报告Ack(1234)进行响应。
D.示例性CICF过程
在一个实施例中，CICF直接从RAN节点或从一个或多个其他网络元件(诸如，O&M系统、ANDSF服务器、不同类型或新的类型的服务器、MME、S-GW、SGSN、GGSN和/或P-GW)收集RCI。在一段时间内，CICF存储RCI，并且发现用于受用户平面拥塞影响的UE的一个或多个适当的PCRF。CICF还通过提供小区ID(小区全球ID)从MME和SGSN查询和接收UE列表以及针对每一UE的相关APN。
图13根据一个实施例示出了用于CICF210在核心网络中管理RCI的示例性处理。在此示例中，CICF210与一个或多个MME/SGSN1310和一个或多个PCRF1312(诸如，图2中所示的MME214、SGSN218和PCRF224)通信。总的来说，该处理包括CICF210接收一个或多个RAN拥塞信息事件或报告(1314)，确定受影响的UE和APN(1316)以及向一个或多个PCRF1312报告RCI(1318)。
如上面所详细讨论的，存在针对CICF210接收一个或多个RAN拥塞信息事件或报告(1314)的若干实施例。例如，参见图5A-8C。此外，或在其他实施例中，由于无线电节点/小区用户平面拥塞状态的改变(例如，当预配置的拥塞/拥塞减轻阈值已经被达到时)，事件或报告被发送至CICF210。这种通知包括对受影响的区域(例如，ENB-ID或服务区域ID)以及拥塞程度的指示。CICF210还可基于所配置的间隔征求RCI。在某些实施例中，一个或多个CICF被配置为服务地理区域。
CICF210通过与一个或多个MME/SGSN1310通信来确定受到小区中RAN拥塞影响的UE的列表(1316)。在某些E-UTRAN实施例中，CICF210订阅MME以获得受影响区域中的UE的列表。为了实现这一点，CICF210构建基于跟踪区域标识(TAI)的完全合格域名(FQDN)来用于MME发现。CICF210可以例如从RAN的O&M接收由受影响的区域所支持的TAI。
CICF210接收对由受影响的区域所支持的TAI进行服务的MME列表并建立到那些MME的接口(例如，图2中所示的接口S102)。一旦接口被建立，CICF210即经由该接口查询受影响区域中的UE的列表。作为响应，MME向CICF210提供IMSI列表和那些IMSI中的每一个的活动PDN连接的APN列表。在某些实施例中，CICF210不需要记住(一个或多个)IMSI列表(以及它们的激活的APN)，这是因为它们在每一次CICF210与MME交互的时候被更新。CICF210使用UE的活动PDN连接的APN列表来发现服务PCRF。
对于E-UTRAN实施例来说，CICF210还指示其是否逐ECGI或eNBID地请求UE列表。因此，取决于由CICF210所请求的粒度水平，MME可能需要(也可能不需要)通过S1-AP激活位置报告。CICF210是否逐ECGI或eNBID地请求UE列表可以例如基于本地配置。
对于UTRAN实施例，CICF210从RAN的O&M接收受到小区中RCI改变的影响的UE(IMSI)列表。O&M可能已经从RAN接收了此信息(例如，SGSN通过Iu接口在无线接入网络应用部分(RANAP)通用ID消息中发送IMSI)。因此，在某些UTRAN实施例中，CICF210仅向SGSN查询给定受影响的IMSI的活动PDN连接的APN。为了实现这一点，根据某些实施例，CICF210构建基于路由区域标识(RAI)的FQDN用于SGSN发现。CICF210可以例如从RAN的O&M接收由受影响区域所支持的RAI。
CICF210接收对由受影响区域所支持的RAI进行服务的SGSN列表并且建立到那些SGSN的接口(例如，图2中所示的接口S104)。一旦接口被建立，CICF210即向SGSN传递在拥塞区域中的UE(IMSI)的列表。作为响应，SGSN向CICF210提供每一个所报告的IMSI的活动PDN连接的APN列表。CICF210使用该UE的活动PDN连接的APN列表以发现服务PCRF。
应当注意的是，由于提供了时间和“空间”整合二者，根据某些实施例，被发送到PCRF的RCI不打算向该PCRF提供关于给定小区的瞬时拥塞状态的信息。这可以与被用来作用于区域中的持续拥塞状态的信息一致。在一些情况下，PCRF认为快速移动的UE仍处于拥塞区域，而该UE已经移动到了非拥塞区域。还应当注意的是，在一些情景中，核心网络可能不知道给定UE正在使用的所有小区和/或eNode(多地点CA、小小区)。因而，在某些实施例中，RCI报告可能未反映UE当前正在使用其资源的所有小区的实际拥塞状态。
在某些实施例中，CICF210基于本地策略还可处理从RAN接收的信息，以便于建立RCI。例如，CICF210可基于时间整合RAN拥塞状态(例如，以向PCRF210仅提供持续拥塞程度)。此外，或在另一实施例中，由于移动性和UE可能由多个小区服务(例如，由于多小区载波聚合)，CICF210可提供“空间”整合的RAN拥塞信息。因此，与小区相关联的RCI可取决于邻近小区中的拥塞状态。作为LTE的另一示例，由于许多RAN特征(例如，载波聚合、CoMP等等)可涉及eNodeB的多个小区，并且由于eNodeB内的移动性报告通常不被激活(例如，以便节省信令)，处于eNodeB级的RCI可提供足够的信息。然而，这并不排除处于小区级的RCI报告。在网络共享的示例性实施例中，CICF210和PCRF属于不同运营商。CICF210可应用与其发送至不同运营商的PCRF的信息有关的本地策略。在另一示例性实施例中，CICF210使用IMSI来确定UE的PLMN和其是否应当应用与其发送至不同运营商的PCRF的信息有关的本地策略。在关于本地策略的另一示例性实施例中，被发送的RCI还可取决于共享RAN资源的各个运营商的相对RAN使用量。
在图13所示的处理中，CICF向正在服务受影响的UE的PCRF报告RCI(1318)。在某些实施例中，CICF210向PCRF报告每IMSI/APN的RCI。基于受影响的UE(IMSI)列表并且基于它们的活动PDN连接的APN列表，CICF210对服务那些UE和(一个或多个)APN的PCRF进行通知。在网络具有多个PCRF的实施例中，直径路由代理(DRA)可被部署。CICF210使用DRA来联系(一个或多个)PCRF。当建立Gx接口时，DRA针对给定IMSI/APN组合“指定”PCRF并且记住该关联(例如，IMSI、APN、所选定的PCRF)。基于这种关联，DRA支持找到服务该IMSI/APN组合的PCRF。
III.附加的示例性实施例
下面是进一步的实施例的示例：
在示例1中，提供了无线通信系统中的核心网络节点。核心网络节点包括第一接口、第二接口、和第三接口。第一接口用于接收RCI。核心网络节点确定与该RCI相关联的UE。第二接口用于与SGSN通信。核心网络节点通过第二接口向SGSN标识该UE。核心网络节点从SGSN接收对应于该UE的APN。第三接口用于向与该APN相关联的PCRF报告RCI以用于拥塞缓解。
示例2包括示例1的核心网络节点，其中无线通信系统包括E-UTRAN。核心网络节点还包括第四接口，该第四接口用于与MME通信。为了确定UE，核心网络节点被配置为通过该第四接口从MME接收UE标识符。
示例3包括示例1的核心网络节点，其中无线通信系统包括UTRAN和GERAN。为了确定UE，核心网络节点被配置为从该RAN的O&M系统接收UE标识符。
示例4包括示例2或3的核心网络节点，其中UE标识符包括对应于与RCI相关联的UE的IMSI。
示例5包括示例1的核心网络节点，其中RCI包括从包括以下各项的组中选择的一个或多个IE：用于拥塞接口方向和节点的第一IE，用于拥塞安全程度的第二IE，用于拥塞情况的第三IE，该第三IE指示拥塞是否被检测到中的改变，用于拥塞小区位置信息的第四IE，用于标识UE的第五IE，用于标识与UE相关联的用户的第六IE，用于标识APN的第七IE，用于PDP上下文信息的第八IE，以及用于EPS承载标识符的第九IE。
示例6包括示例5的核心网络节点，其中用于拥塞接口方向和节点的第一IE包括从包括以下各项的组中选择的至少一个接口或节点标识符：无线电接口下行链路标识符、无线电接口上行链路标识符、网络接口下行链路标识符、网络接口上行链路标识符、RAN节点标识符。
示例7包括示例5的核心网络节点，其中用于标识UE的第五IE包括IMEI，并且其中用于标识与UE相关联的用户的第六IE包括IMSI。
示例8包括示例1中的核心网络节点，并且还包括用以存储通过第一接口接收的RCI的存储器设备，以及用以处理所存储的RCI并且触发PCRF以修改IP-CAN会话的处理器。
在示例9中，用于移动网络中用户平面拥塞感知的方法包括接收和存储指示无线电节点或小区用户平面拥塞状态中的改变的事件或报告。该事件或报告包括对于一个或多个拥塞区域以及所对应的拥塞程度的指示。该方法还包括基于所接收的事件或报告，确定在该一个或多个拥塞区域中的UE的列表和所关联的活动连接，识别一个或多个网络元件，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为针对该一个或多个拥塞区域分别调整QoS，并且向该一个或多个识别出的、服务该UE列表的网络元件传送用户平面拥塞信息。
示例10包括示例9的方法，其中接收和存储事件或报告包括从RAN接收事件或报告，并且存储该事件或报告达预定时间段。
示例11包括示例10的方法，还包括基于所配置的时间间隔，向RAN发送对于该事件或报告的请求。
示例12包括示例9的方法，其中接收和存储事件或报告包括从包括以下各项的组中所选定的一个或多个网络元件接收事件或报告：O&M系统、ANDSF服务器、MME、S-GW、SGSN、GGSN、以及P-GW。
示例13包括示例9的方法，其中确定UE列表包括确定与一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个MME，建立到该一个或多个MME的接口，经由该接口查询该UE列表，并且经由该接口接收与该UE列表相关联的IMSI列表。
示例14包括示例13的方法，还包括经由该接口接收对应于IMSI列表的关联活动连接的APN列表，并且使用该APN列表来识别一个或多个网络元件，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为针对该一个或多个拥塞区域调整QoS，其中该一个或多个元件包括各自的PCRF节点。
示例15包括示例13的方法，其中确定与一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个MME包括确定基于TAI的FQDN以用于MME发现，并且从RAN的O&M系统接收由该一个或多个拥塞区域支持的TAI列表。
示例16包括示例9的方法，其中确定UE列表包括从RAN的O&M系统接收与该UE列表相关联的IMSI列表，确定与该一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个SGSN，建立到该一个或多个SGSN的接口，经由该接口查询对应于该IMSI列表的关联活动连接的APN列表，并使用该APN列表来识别一个或多个网络元件，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为针对该一个或多个拥塞区域调整QoS。该一个或多个元件包括各自的PCRF节点。
在示例17中，一种服务器包括处理器、存储设备、以及CICF。存储设备用于存储针对在无线蜂窝网络的标识区域(identifiedarea)中对于无线接入网络资源的需求超过了可用容量的指示。CICF包括指令，当由处理器执行时，该指令管理无线蜂窝网络的拥塞信息。该CICF被配置为发现服务该无线蜂窝网络的被标识区域的MME，从该MME请求并接收与该无线蜂窝网络的被标识区域相关联的IMSI列表，发现与该IMSI列表相关联、并被配置为发起IP-CAN会话修改过程的网络节点，以及向被配置为发起该IP-CAN会话修改的网络节点通知对于无线接入网络资源的需求。
示例18包括示例17的服务器，其中CICF还被配置成从O&M系统接收对于无线接入网络资源的需求超过了可用容量的指示。
示例19包括示例18的服务器，其中CICF还被配置为从O&M系统接收由无线蜂窝网络的被标识区域支持的TAI，并且使用该TAI来发现MME。
示例20包括示例17的服务器，其中CICF还被配置为响应于对于IMSI列表的请求，从MME接收对应的活动PDN连接的APN列表。
示例21包括示例20的服务器，其中与IMSI列表相关联的被发现的网络节点包括与APN相关联的PCRF。
示例22包括示例17的服务器，其中CICF还被配置为通过一个或多个接口接收对于无线接入网络资源的需求超过了可用容量的指示，其中该一个或多个接口从包括以下各项的组中选定：用户平面接口、控制平面接口、以及网络管理平面接口。
在示例23中，无线通信系统的核心网络中的RCAF节点包括用于接收和存储指示无线电节点或小区用户平面拥塞状态中的改变的事件或报告的装置。该事件或报告包括对于一个或多个拥塞区域以及所对应的拥塞程度的指示。RCAF还包括用于基于所接收的事件或报告，确定在该一个或多个拥塞区域中的UE的列表和所关联的活动连接的列表的装置，用于识别一个或多个网络元件的装置，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为针对该一个或多个拥塞区域分别调整QoS，以及用于向该一个或多个识别出的、服务该UE列表的网络元件传送用户平面拥塞信息的装置。
示例24包括示例23的RCAF节点，还包括用于从RAN接收事件或报告的装置，以及用于在预定时间段内存储该事件或报告的装置。
示例25包括示例24的RCAF节点，还包括用于基于所配置的时间间隔，向RAN发送对于该事件或报告的请求的装置。
示例26包括示23的RCAF节点，其中接收和存储事件或报告包括从一个或多个网络元件接收事件或报告，该一个或多个网络元件从包括以下各项的组中选定：O&M系统、ANDSF服务器、MME、S-GW、SGSN、GGSN、以及P-GW。
示例27包括示例23的RCAF节点，还包括用于确定与一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个MME，用于建立到该一个或多个MME的接口的装置，用于经由该接口查询该UE列表的装置，以及用于经由该接口接收与该UE列表相关联的IMSI列表的装置。
示例28包括示例27的RCAF节点，还包括用于经由该接口接收对应于IMSI列表的关联活动连接的APN列表的装置，以及使用该APN列表来识别一个或多个网络元件的装置，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为针对该一个或多个拥塞区域调整QoS，其中该一个或多个元件包括各自的PCRF节点。
示例29包括示例27的RCAF节点，还包括用于确定基于TAI的FQDN以用于MME发现的装置，以及用于从RAN的O&M系统接收由该一个或多个拥塞区域支持的TAI列表的装置。
示例30包括示例23的RCAF节点，还包括用于从RAN的O&M系统接收与该UE列表相关联的IMSI列表的装置，用于确定与该一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个SGSN的装置，用于建立到该一个或多个SGSN的接口的装置，用于经由该接口查询对应于该IMSI列表的关联活动连接的APN列表的装置，以及用于使用该APN列表来识别一个或多个网络元件的装置，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为针对该一个或多个拥塞区域调整QoS，其中该一个或多个元件包括各自的PCRF节点。
在示例31中，一种方法包括通过第一接口接收RCI，确定与该RCI相关联的UE，通过第二接口与SGSN通信UE的标识，从SGSN接收对应于该UE的APN，并且通过第三接口向与该APN相关联的PCRF报告RCI以用于拥塞缓解。
示例32包括示例31的方法，还包括通过第四接口与MME通信。确定UE包括通过该第四接口从MME接收UE标识符。
示例33包括示例32的方法，其中UE标识符包括对应于与RCI相关联的UE的IMSI。
示例34包括示例31的方法，其中RCI包括从包含以下各项的组中所选定的一个或多个IE：用于拥塞接口方向和节点的第一IE、用于拥塞安全程度的第二IE、用于拥塞情况的第三IE，该第三IE指示拥塞是否被检测到中的改变、用于拥塞小区位置信息的第四IE、用于标识UE的第五IE、用于标识与UE相关联的用户的第六IE、用于标识APN的第七IE、用于PDP上下文信息的第八IE、以及用于EPS承载标识符的第九IE。
示例35包括示例34的方法，其中用于拥塞接口方向和节点的第一IE包括从包含以下各项的组中所选定的至少一个接口或节点标识符：无线电接口下行链路标识符、无线电接口上行链路标识符、网络接口下行链路标识符、网络接口上行链路标识符、RAN节点标识符。
示例36包括示例34的方法，其中用于标识UE的第五IE包括IMEI，并且其中用于标识与UE相关联的用户的第六IE包括IMSI。
示例37包括示例31的方法，并且还包括通过第一接口接收RCI，并且处理该RCI并触发PCRF以修改IP-CAN会话。
在示例38中，一种设备包括用以执行如示例9-16或31-37中的任何一项所要求的方法的装置。
在示例39中，一种机器可读存储设备包括机器可读指令，当该指令被执行时，用于实施如任何前述示例所要求的方法或实现如任何前述示例所要求的装置。
本文所描述的各种技术及其某些方面或部分可采用被体现在有形介质(诸如，软盘、CD-ROM、硬盘驱动器、非暂态计算机可读存储介质或任何其他机器可读存储介质)中的程序代码(即，指令)的形式，当该程序代码被加载到有形介质中并且由机器(诸如，计算机)执行时，该机器变为用于实践所述各种技术的装置。在可编程计算机上执行程序代码的情况下，计算设备可包括处理器、可由处理器读取的存储介质(包括易失性或非易失性存储器和/或存储元件)、至少一个输入设备、以及至少一个输出设备。易失性或非易失性存储器和/或存储元件可以是RAM、EPROM、闪存驱动器、光盘驱动器、硬磁盘驱动器、或用于存储电子数据的另一介质。eNB(或其他基站)和UE(或其他移动站)还可包括收发器组件、计数器组件、处理组件和/或时钟组件或计时器组件。可实施或利用本文所描述的各种技术的一个或多个程序可使用应用程序接口(API)、可重用控制等等。这种程序可以以高级过程编程语言或面向对象的编程语言来实现以与计算机系统通信。然而，在需要的情况下，(一个或多个)程序可以以汇编或机器语言来实现。在任何情形下，语言可以是编译或解译语言，并且可以与硬件实现方式相组合。
应当理解，本说明书中所描述的许多功能单元已经被实施为一个或多个组件，该术语被用于尤其强调它们的实现的独立性。例如，组件可以被实现为硬件电路，该硬件电路包括定制超大规模集成(VLSI)电路或门阵列、现成的半导体器件，比如，逻辑芯片、二极管、或其他独立组件。组件还可以以可编程硬件设备(比如，现场可编程门阵列、可编程阵列逻辑、可编程逻辑设备等等)来实现。
组件还可以以由各种类型的处理器执行的软件来实现。可执行代码的经识别的模块例如可以包括一个或多个计算机指令的物理或逻辑块，一个或多个计算机指令的物理或逻辑块例如可以被组织为对象、过程、或功能。然而，经识别的模块的可执行文件不必在物理上聚在一起，而是可以包括存储于不同位置的不同指令，这些指令当在逻辑上结合在一起时包括该组件并且实现该组件所规定的目的。
实际上，可执行代码的组件可以是单一指令或许多指令，并且甚至可以分布在若干不同代码段上、在不同程序之间、跨若干存储器设备。类似地，在本文中操作数据可以被标识或示出在组件内，并且可以以任何合适的形式来体现，并且被组织在任何合适类型的数据结构内。操作数据可以被收集在单一数据集中，或者可以分布在不同位置上(包括在不同存储设备上)，并且可以至少部分地仅作为系统或网络上的电子信号存在。这些组件可以是无源或有源的，包括可操作来执行预期功能的代理。
在本说明书通篇中提及“示例”意思是结合该示例描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此，在本说明书通篇各处中出现的短语“在示例中”不一定全都指代同一实施例。
为简便起见，如本文所使用的，多个项目、结构元素、构成元素、和/或材料可以被呈现在共同的列表中。然而，这些列表应当被看作该列表中的每一元素被独立地标识为单独且唯一的元素。因此，在没有相反指示的情况下，这样的列表中不存在单独的成员仅仅因为与同一列表中的任何其他成员呈现在共同的群组中而应当被看作同一列表中的任何其他成员的实际等价物。另外，本发明的各个实施例和示例在本文随其各个组件的替代物一起被提及。应理解，这样的实施例、示例、和替代物不被看作是彼此的实际等价物，而是将被看作是本发明的独立且自治的表示。
尽管出于清晰的目的，上述内容已经描述了部分细节，但是本领域的技术人员将清楚在不背离本发明的原理的情况下，可对其做出某些改变或修改。应当注意的是，存在实现本文所描述的处理和装置两者的许多可替代的方式。因此，本实施例将被视为说明性的而非限制性的，并且本发明将不限于本文所给定的那些细节，而是可在所附权利要求的范围及其等同物的范围内进行修改。
本领域的技术人员将认识到，在不背离本发明的基本原理的情况下，可对上述实施例的细节做出许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应当仅由所附权利要求来确定。

Claims (22)

1.一种无线通信系统中的核心网络节点，所述核心网络节点包括：
第一接口，该第一接口用于接收无线接入网络(RAN)用户平面拥塞信息(RCI)，所述核心网络节点确定与该RCI相关联的用户设备(UE)；
第二接口，该第二接口用于与服务通用分组无线服务(GPRS)支持节点(SGSN)通信，所述核心网络节点通过所述第二接口向所述SGSN标识该UE，并且所述核心网络节点从该SGSN接收与所述UE相对应的接入点名称(APN)；以及
第三接口，该第三接口用于向与该APN相关联的策略与计费规则功能(PCRF)报告所述RCI以用于拥塞缓解。
2.根据权利要求1所述的核心网络节点，其中所述无线通信系统包括演进通用陆地无线接入网络(E-UTRAN)，所述核心网络节点还包括：
第四接口，该第四接口用于与移动性管理实体(MME)通信，其中为了确定所述UE，所述核心网络节点被配置为通过所述第四接口从该MME接收UE标识符。
3.根据权利要求1所述的核心网络节点，其中所述无线通信系统包括通用陆地无线接入网络(UTRAN)和增强型数据速率全球移动通信系统(GSMEDGE)无线接入网络(GERAN)，并且其中为了确定所述UE，所述核心网络节点被配置为从该RAN的操作和维护(O&M)系统接收UE标识符。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的核心网络节点，其中所述UE标识符包括对应于与所述RCI相关联的所述UE的国际移动订户标识(IMSI)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的核心网络节点，其中所述RCI包括一个或多个信息元素(IE)，该一个或多个信息元素从包括以下各项的组中选出：用于拥塞接口方向和节点的第一IE；用于拥塞安全程度的第二IE；用于拥塞情况的第三IE，该第三IE指示拥塞是否被检测到中的改变；用于拥塞小区位置信息的第四IE；用于标识所述UE的第五IE；用于标识与所述UE相关联的用户的第六IE；用于标识所述APN的第七IE；用于分组数据协议(PDP)上下文信息的第八IE；以及用于演进分组系统(EPS)承载标识符的第九IE。
6.根据权利要求5所述的核心网络节点，其中用于所述拥塞接口方向和节点的第一IE包括至少一个接口或节点标识符，该至少一个接口或节点标识符从包括以下各项的组中选出：无线电接口下行链路标识符、无线电接口上行链路标识符、网络接口下行链路标识符、网络接口上行链路标识符、RAN节点标识符。
7.根据权利要求5所述的核心网络节点，其中用于标识所述UE的第五IE包括国际移动设备标识(IMEI)，并且其中用于标识与所述UE相关联的用户的第六IE包括国际移动订户标识(IMSI)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的核心网络节点，还包括：
存储器设备，该存储器设备用于存储通过所述第一接口接收的所述RCI；以及
处理器，该处理器用于处理所存储的RCI并且用于触发该PCRF来修改互联网协议连接性接入网络(IP-CAN)会话。
9.一种用于移动网络中的用户平面拥塞感知的方法，所述方法包括：
接收并存储指示无线电节点或小区用户平面拥塞状态中的改变的事件或报告，所述事件或报告包括对于一个或多个拥塞区域和相对应的拥塞程度的指示；
基于所接收的事件或报告，确定所述一个或多个拥塞区域中的无线通信设备和相关联的活动连接；
识别被配置为分别为所述一个或多个拥塞区域调整服务质量(QoS)的一个或多个网络元件；以及
向该一个或多个识别出的、服务所述无线通信设备的网络元件传送用户平面拥塞信息。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中接收和存储所述事件或报告包括：
从无线接入网络(RAN)接收所述事件或报告；以及
存储所述事件或报告达预定时间段。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，还包括基于所配置的时间间隔，向该RAN发送对于所述事件或报告的请求。
12.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中接收和存储所述事件或报告包括从一个或多个网络元件接收所述事件或报告，该一个或多个网络元件从包括以下各项的组中选出：操作和维护(O&M)系统、接入网络发现和选择功能(ANDSF)服务器、移动性管理实体(MME)、服务网关(S-GW)、服务网关通用分组无线服务(GPRS)支持节点(SGSN)、网关GPRS支持节点(GGSN)、以及分组数据网络(PDN)网关(P-GW)。
13.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中确定所述无线通信设备包括：
确定与所述一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个移动性管理实体(MME)；
建立到该一个或多个MME的接口；
经由所述接口，查询所述无线通信设备；以及
经由所述接口，接收与所述无线通信设备相关联的国际移动订户标识(IMSI)的列表。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，还包括：
经由所述接口，接收与该IMSI的列表相对应的所述相关联的活动连接的接入点名称(APN)的列表；
使用该APN的列表来识别所述一个或多个网络元件，该一个或多个网络元件被配置为为所述一个或多个拥塞区域调整QoS，其中该一个或多个元件包括各自的策略与计费规则功能(PCRF)节点。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中确定与所述一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个MME包括：
确定基于跟踪区域标识(TAI)的完全合格域名(FQDN)以用于MME发现；
从无线接入网络(RAN)的操作和维护(O&M)系统接收由所述一个或多个拥塞区域支持的TAI的列表。
16.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中确定所述无线通信设备包括：
从无线接入网络(RAN)的操作和维护(O&M)系统接收与所述无线通信设备相关联的国际移动订户标识(IMSI)的列表；
确定与所述一个或多个拥塞区域相关联的一个或多个服务通用分组无线服务(GPRS)支持节点(SGSN)；
建立到该一个或多个SGSN的接口；
经由所述接口，查询与该IMSI的列表相对应的所述相关联的活动连接的接入点名称(APN)的列表；以及
使用该APN的列表来识别所述一个或多个网络元件，所述一个或多个网络元件被配置为为所述一个或多个拥塞区域调整QoS，其中该一个或多个元件包括各自的策略与计费规则功能(PCRF)节点。
17.一种服务器，包括
处理器；
存储设备，该存储设备用于存储在无线蜂窝网络的标识区域中对于无线接入网络资源的需求超过了可用容量的指示；
拥塞信息收集功能(CICF)，该CICF包括指令，当由所述处理器执行时，所述指令管理所述无线蜂窝网络的拥塞信息，所述CICF被配置为：
发现服务所述无线蜂窝网络的标识区域的移动性管理实体(MME)；
从该MME请求并接收与所述无线蜂窝网络的标识区域相关联的国际移动订户标识(IMSI)的列表；
发现与该IMSI的列表相关联并被配置为发起互联网协议连接性接入网络(IP-CAN)会话修改过程的网络节点；以及
向被配置为发起该IP-CAN会话修改的所述网络节点通知对于无线接入网络资源的需求。
18.根据权利要求17所述的服务器，其中所述CICF还被配置为：
从操作和维护(O&M)系统接收对于无线接入网络资源的需求超过了可用容量的指示。
19.根据权利要求18所述的服务器，其中所述CICF还被配置为：
从该O&M系统接收由所述无线蜂窝网络的标识区域所支持的跟踪区域标识(TAI)；以及
使用该TAI来发现所述MME。
20.根据权利要求17所述的服务器，其中所述CICF还被配置为：
从响应于对于所述IMSI的列表的请求的所述MME接收相对应的、活动分组数据网络(PDN)连接的接入点名称(APN)的列表。
21.根据权利要求20所述的服务器，其中所发现的与所述IMSI的列表相关联的网络节点包括与该APN相关联的策略与计费规则功能(PCRF)。
22.根据权利要求17所述的服务器，其中所述CICF还被配置为：
通过一个或多个接口接收对于无线接入网络资源的需求超过了可用容量的所述指示，其中所述一个或多个接口从包括以下各项的组中选出：用户平面接口、控制平面接口、以及网络管理平面接口。
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US20160037547A1 (en) 2016-02-04
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US9974048B2 (en) 2018-05-15
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US20200229136A1 (en) 2020-07-16
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EP2989728A1 (en) 2016-03-02
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HK1220846A1 (zh) 2017-05-12
KR20170010448A (ko) 2017-01-31
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WO2014176245A1 (en) 2014-10-30
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US9414306B2 (en) 2016-08-09
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