CN104835282A - Wireless independent fire hazard alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless independent fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, comprising a fire smoke detection module, a remote alarm module, an emergency evacuation escape module and an automatic water mist spray module, the fire smoke detection module, remote alarm module, emergency Both the evacuation escape module and the automatic water mist sprinkler module have a unique ID code, and the data is sent and received between each other through the wireless network management; the fire smoke detection module is used to detect fire and send the detected fire information For the remote alarm module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water mist spray module; the remote alarm module is used for on-site alarm, SMS alarm and remote monitoring; the emergency evacuation escape module is used to indicate the location of the fire and Evacuate the crowd; the automatic water mist spraying module is used for local water mist spraying to control the spread of fire. The invention can give an alarm immediately when a fire occurs, and can effectively evacuate vehicles and automatically extinguish fire.

Description

A wireless independent fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire protection, in particular to a wireless independent fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system.

Background technique

An ancient town refers to a group of ancient buildings with a relatively long history of construction. Most of the buildings in the ancient town are of wood structure or brick-wood structure. There are many combustible materials, large fire load, low fire resistance level, narrow evacuation passages, lack of safety exits and other congenital deficiencies, plus acquired hidden dangers. It is easy to burn the company camp, causing heavy casualties and property losses.

The reason why ancient towns are called ancient towns is because of their long history. Generally, ancient towns have a history of at least a hundred years. The buildings in the ancient town are basically contemporary buildings or repaired later, only a small part is newly built, and they are antique buildings with low fire resistance. Taking Zhongshan Ancient Town and Tanghe Ancient Town in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City as examples, more than 90% of the buildings are brick-wood structures or even all-wood structures. The fire resistance limit of a single building structural component is very important, and the fire resistance of the building as a whole is fundamental to ensure that the building structure does not suffer major damage in the event of a fire. However, due to historical reasons, ancient buildings themselves have inherent deficiencies.

The buildings in the ancient town have a long history. There were no fire protection regulations during its construction period, and the people did not have fire protection awareness. As a result, ancient buildings were built one after another. Once a fire broke out, it was very easy to burn. There was a fire, and that fire involved half a street in the ancient town.

Due to historical reasons, the fire-fighting facilities in the ancient town are seriously insufficient. First, there is no fire-fighting lane. The fire-fighting lane is set up for the convenience of firefighting in case of a building fire. However, the roads in the ancient town are generally narrow, and fire engines cannot pass at all. Second, the evacuation aisles inside the building are narrow, and there is a lack of safety exits. Most buildings have only one staircase with a width of only about half a meter. After a fire, it is difficult for people to escape. The third is the lack of fire hydrants. Most ancient towns do not have indoor and outdoor fire hydrants, and the water for fire fighting cannot be guaranteed, which brings great difficulties to fire fighting.

One is that the electrical lines inside and outside the buildings in the ancient town were added later, and most of them were laid directly along the roof and corners, and the wires were aging, connected indiscriminately, and the lines were chaotic; Influenced by the impact, the ground is paved one after another, and some are even "three-in-one" places integrating warehouses, pavements, food and accommodation. With more and more tourists now, residents use liquefied gas stoves for cooking every day, and even open fires such as burning wood and lighting fires are becoming more and more frequent, causing great hidden dangers.

Most of the ancient towns are far away from the urban area, and the public security and firefighting agencies have less publicity on fire protection. In addition, with the development of the economy, most young people go out to work or move to the urban area, and most of them are old people, women, and children staying at home. Management has brought difficulties to the popularization of fire protection knowledge and caused acquired hidden dangers. For economic benefit, some residents changed the original residence into an inn integrating food and living without authorization, which artificially increased the risk of fire. At the same time, the residents' knowledge about fire fighting is relatively lacking. Most residents don't know how to use fire extinguishers, how to put out fires and escape, let alone modern fire fighting facilities.

Fires broke out in many ancient towns in my country in recent years. In the early morning of January 11, 2014, a fire broke out in the ancient town of Dukezong in Shangri-La, Yunnan. The core area of the ancient city with a history of 1,300 years was turned into ruins. On the evening of April 25, a fire broke out in Baojing Dong Village, Baojing Township, Zhenyuan County, Guizhou Province. The 300-year-old Dong village was burned down, and the local Dong culture was destroyed; in the early morning of April 6, 2014, Shuhe Ancient Town, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province A fire broke out in a shop, causing damage to 10 shops. The fires engulfed not only property, but also the historical memory and cultural information carried by those ancient buildings, which is heartbreaking. Therefore, it is very important to design a complete fire alarm, evacuation escape and fire extinguishing system for the protection of the cultural heritage of ancient towns.

Existing fire alarm systems in ancient towns can only perform centralized alarms when a fire breaks out, that is, according to existing national standards, they can only perform remote alarms in places such as the duty room, and cannot independently alarm and sound the alarm at the site of the ancient town. In addition, due to the narrow evacuation aisles and few safety exits in the ancient buildings, the existing ancient town fire alarm system cannot timely and accurately indicate the escape route and evacuate the vehicles in the ancient town, making it difficult for fire trucks to enter the ancient town to carry out fire fighting; at the same time , the existing fire alarm system in Guzhen has no automatic sprinkler function, so it is impossible to carry out partial fire extinguishment in the early stage of the fire, that is, it is impossible to temporarily control the fire, which leads to the intensification of the fire.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wireless independent fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, which can immediately alarm when a fire occurs, and can effectively evacuate vehicles and automatically extinguish the fire.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a wireless independent fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, including a fire smoke detection module, a remote alarm module, an emergency evacuation escape module and an automatic water mist spray module. The fire smoke detection module, the remote alarm module, the emergency evacuation escape module and the automatic water mist sprinkler module are all provided with a unique ID code, and the data is sent and received between each other through the wireless network management; the fire smoke detection module is used for Detect fire, and send the detected fire information to the remote alarm module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water mist spray module; the remote alarm module is used for on-site alarm, SMS alarm and remote monitoring; the emergency The evacuation and escape module is used to indicate the location of the fire and evacuate the crowd; the automatic water mist spray module is used to perform local water mist spray to control the spread of the fire.

The fire smoke detection module includes a smoke sensor and a wireless transmission module; the smoke sensor is a photoelectric smoke sensor for judging whether a fire has occurred, and once a fire is detected, the wireless transmission module sends fire information to the wireless network management.

The remote alarm module includes a GSM module and a remote monitoring CRT; when a fire occurs, the GSM module sends the fire information to the fire department after receiving the fire information from the wireless network management, and also sends the fire information to the staff in the area in charge on the mobile terminal; wherein, the alarm message sent to each staff member will be sent to the remote monitoring CRT by wireless for recording and archiving.

The GSM module periodically sends fire information to the staff in the area in charge.

The emergency evacuation escape module includes an emergency evacuation broadcast receiver, pedestrian evacuation induction indicator light and vehicle evacuation induction indicator light; when the emergency evacuation broadcast receiver receives the fire information sent by the wireless network management, the emergency evacuation broadcast broadcast The receiver immediately broadcasts the specific location of the fire, and lights up the pedestrian evacuation induction indicator light, instructing pedestrians to escape quickly in the direction of the lighted emergency evacuation passage; light up the vehicle evacuation induction indicator light, and direct the vehicles to evacuate in an orderly manner in the direction of the indicator light Get to the scene and give way to the fire truck.

The automatic water mist spray module includes tap water pipes, wireless booster controllers, booster pumps and high-pressure nozzles that are sequentially connected from bottom to top; After the fire signal, the internal pressure is increased, and pressure is applied to the driving piston of the booster pump connected above, so that the water at the end of the water pipe can be sprayed from the high-pressure nozzle.

The system is applied in ancient towns, houses, shopping malls, warehouses, or opera houses.

Beneficial effect

Due to the above-mentioned technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the present invention can perform three tasks at the same time. First, on-site alarm at the fire point, and SMS alarm and remote monitoring through the GSM module and remote CRT; second, the specific location of the fire is broadcast through the fire broadcast, and the evacuation induction indicator is lit to guide people along the correct path. Escape through emergency channels, and quickly evacuate the vehicles in the ancient town to make way for the fire trucks; third, use outdoor automatic water mist spraying to timely and effectively extinguish the fire at the initial stage of the fire and shield the fire from spreading.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the general schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an emergency evacuation escape module;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the automatic water mist spraying module.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a wireless independent fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, as shown in Figure 1, including a fire smoke detection module, a remote alarm module, an emergency evacuation module and an automatic water mist spray module The smoke detection module, remote alarm module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water mist spray module are all equipped with a unique ID code, and the data is sent and received between each other through the wireless network management; the fire smoke detection module is used to detect fire , and send the detected fire information to the remote alarm module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water mist spray module; the remote alarm module is used for on-site alarm, SMS alarm and remote monitoring; the emergency evacuation escape The module is used to indicate the location of the fire and evacuate the crowd; the automatic water mist spray module is used to perform local water mist spray to control the spread of the fire.

As shown in Figure 2, the fire smoke detection module is the front end of the system. When a fire occurs, the module sends corresponding signals to the wireless transceiver host (that is, wireless network management) through the wireless transmitter module, and then the wireless transceiver host sends the information Wireless forwarding to the other three modules of the system, informing them to start working immediately to implement fire rescue. The fire smoke detection module consists of a smoke sensor and a wireless transmitter module. Among them, the smoke sensor adopts the photoelectric type, and the detection chamber of the sensor is equipped with a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device. Under normal circumstances, the light-receiving device cannot receive the light emitted by the light-emitting device, so no photocurrent is generated. In the event of a fire, when smoke enters the detection chamber, due to the action of smoke particles, the light emitted by the light-emitting device is diffused, and this diffused light is received by the light-receiving device, which changes the impedance of the light-receiving device and generates photocurrent. Realized the function of transforming the smoke signal into an electrical signal. After receiving the signal, the detector in the sensor judges whether it exceeds the threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, it sends a wireless alarm signal through the wireless transmitting module, notifies the wireless transceiver host, and forwards the fire signal to other Three modules.

The remote alarm module is composed of GSM and remote CRT, which can carry out on-site alarm, SMS alarm and remote monitoring. When a fire occurs, the GSM module receives an alarm signal from the wireless transceiver host. On the one hand, the scene of the fire immediately calls the police, and sends relevant information such as the location of the fire to the fire department through the GSM module, and notifies the firefighters to rush to the scene for rescue immediately; on the other hand, the GSM module sends the fire information to various departments in the ancient town. On the mobile phones of the security personnel in the area, these messages are sent every few minutes, constantly urging the security personnel to manage the area they are in charge of, evacuate pedestrians and vehicles in an efficient and orderly manner, and guide them to escape the scene along the lighted evacuation induction lights , in order to quickly give way to the fire truck driving lane, to ensure the smooth progress of fire fighting. At the same time, the alarm text messages sent to each security guard will be sent wirelessly to the remote monitoring CRT of Guzhen Fire Safety, recording and archiving the number of times each security guard receives alarm text messages and the specific time, which is convenient for area management or accountability investigation.

As shown in Figure 3, the emergency evacuation escape module consists of an emergency evacuation broadcast receiver and an evacuation induction indicator light. When the emergency evacuation broadcast receiver received the fire signal from the wireless transceiver host, the emergency evacuation broadcasts distributed in the ancient town immediately sounded, announcing the specific location of the fire and reassuring the people in the ancient town not to panic. At the same time, light up the pedestrian evacuation induction indicator light, instruct pedestrians to escape quickly in the direction of the lighted emergency evacuation channel; and light up the vehicle evacuation induction indicator light, direct the vehicles in the ancient town to evacuate the scene in an orderly manner according to the direction of the indicator light and give fire engines Get out of the driveway.

As shown in Figure 4, in the ancient town, in order to automatically extinguish the fire at the early stage of the fire, the fire can be effectively controlled before the fire trucks arrive at the scene. We design and place automatic water mist sprinklers at appropriate locations around each ancient building. The automatic water mist spraying device is composed of tap water pipes, wireless booster controllers, booster pumps and high-pressure nozzles from bottom to top. Its working process is: when a fire breaks out in the ancient town, the wireless booster controller will receive a fire signal from the wireless transceiver host, thereby increasing the internal pressure of the controller. When the pressure inside the wireless booster controller increases, a certain pressure is applied to the driving piston of the booster pump connected to it. When this pressure acts on a small-area piston, a high pressure is generated, which passes through a two-position five The ventilation control reversing valve and the booster pump can realize continuous operation. The high-pressure plunger controlled by the one-way valve continuously presses the tap water in the tap water pipe to a certain height, and through the topmost steerable fine mist high-pressure nozzle, it automatically flows to the fire. Ancient buildings spray fine mist over large areas and long distances to form a mist barrier to control the spread of fire.

It is not difficult to find that the present invention can carry out the following three tasks simultaneously when a fire occurs.

First, on-site alarm at the fire point, and SMS alarm and remote monitoring through the GSM module. When a fire occurs, the GSM module receives an alarm signal from the wireless transceiver host. On the one hand, the GSM module immediately sends relevant information such as the location of the fire to the fire department, and notifies the firefighters to rush to the scene for rescue; on the other hand, the GSM module sends the fire information to the mobile phones of the security personnel in charge of various areas in the ancient town , these messages are sent every few minutes, constantly urging the security personnel to manage the area they are in charge of, evacuate pedestrians and vehicles in an efficient and orderly manner, and guide them to escape the scene along the lit evacuation induction lights, so as to quickly give way to the fire trucks. Get out of the driving lane to ensure the smooth progress of fire fighting.

Second, when the emergency evacuation broadcast receiver receives the fire signal from the wireless transceiver host, the emergency evacuation broadcasts distributed in the ancient town immediately sounded, announcing the specific location of the fire. On the one hand, light up the pedestrian evacuation induction indicator light, instructing pedestrians to escape quickly in the direction of the lighted emergency evacuation passage; on the other hand, light up the vehicle evacuation induction indicator light, and direct the vehicles in the ancient town to evacuate the scene in an orderly manner in the direction of the indicator light And give way to the fire truck.

Thirdly, we design and place automatic water mist sprinkler devices at appropriate locations around each ancient building, and automatically spray fine mist over a large area and long distance to the ancient buildings on fire at the early stage of a fire, forming a fine mist barrier to control the spread of fire .

It can be seen that the present invention is not only a novel alarm, evacuation escape and fire extinguishing system applied to the fire in the ancient town, but also can make up for the deficiencies in management through technology. Due to the lack of management of the traditional fire alarm system in Guzhen, the security guards were slack in their work when a fire broke out, and they could not evacuate pedestrians and vehicles in the area in charge in a timely manner. As a result, fire engines could not reach the fire department of Guzhen smoothly, resulting in loss of personnel and property. However, the inspectors could not determine which security guard was responsible, so the management system of the ancient town became increasingly lax. This invention sends the alarm text messages sent to each security personnel to the remote monitoring CRT of Guzhen Fire Safety through wireless, records and archives the number of times and specific time each security personnel receives alarm text messages, and if the inspectors find out which area is evacuated If it is not timely enough or the vehicle blocks the driving lane of the fire truck, the security personnel in charge of the area can be held accountable and the management system of the ancient town can be strengthened.

It is worth mentioning that this system can be applied not only to ancient towns, but also to housing, shopping malls, warehouses, opera houses and other occasions.

Claims (7)

1. a wireless free-standing fire alarm, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, comprise fire hazard aerosol fog detecting module, remote alarms module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water spray spray module, it is characterized in that, described fire hazard aerosol fog detecting module, remote alarms module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water spray spray module are equipped with unique ID coding, sent and receive by the wireless webmaster data of carrying out each other; Described fire hazard aerosol fog detecting module is used for detection of fires, and the fire information detected is sent to described remote alarms module, emergency evacuation escape module and automatic water spray spray module; Described remote alarms module is used for carrying out onsite alarming, SMS alarm and remote monitoring; Described emergency evacuation escape module is used to indicate the position Evacuation that fire occurs; Described automatic water spray spray module is used for carrying out partial water mist spray and controls fire spreading.

2. wireless free-standing fire alarm according to claim 1, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, is characterized in that, described fire hazard aerosol fog detecting module comprises smoke transducer and wireless transmitter module; Described smoke transducer adopts the smoke transducer of photo-electric, for judging whether breaking out of fire, once judge breaking out of fire, sends fire information by wireless transmitter module to wireless webmaster.

3. wireless free-standing fire alarm according to claim 1, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, is characterized in that, described remote alarms module comprises gsm module and remote monitoring CRT; When a fire, after gsm module receives the fire information of wireless webmaster, this fire information is sent to fire department, and this fire information is sent on the mobile terminal of the staff being in charge of region; Wherein, the alarming short message of each staff is sent to can to record and file by being wirelessly transmitted on described remote monitoring CRT.

4. wireless free-standing fire alarm according to claim 3, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, it is characterized in that, described gsm module periodically sends fire information to the staff being in charge of region.

5. wireless free-standing fire alarm according to claim 1, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, is characterized in that, described emergency evacuation escape module comprises emergency evacuation radio receiver, pedestrian's evacuation pilot lamp and vehicle dispersal induction pilot lamp; When emergency evacuation radio receiver receives the fire information that wireless webmaster sends, the emergency evacuation radio receiver being distributed in regional reports the particular location of fire generation immediately, and lighting pedestrian's evacuation pilot lamp, pedestrian is according to the emergency evacuation channel direction fast-escape lighted in instruction; Light vehicle dispersal induction pilot lamp, the direction of commander's vehicle lamp is as indicated withdrawn scene in order and abdicates running lanes to fire truck.

6. wireless free-standing fire alarm according to claim 1, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, is characterized in that, described automatic water spray spray module comprises the running water pipe connected successively, wireless boost controller, supercharge pump and high pressure nozzle from bottom to top; When a fire, wireless boost controller increases internal pressure after receiving the fire information that wireless webmaster sends, and applies pressure above, running water pipe terminal water can be sprayed from high pressure nozzle to the driven plunger of the supercharge pump that it connects.

7. wireless free-standing fire alarm according to claim 1, evacuation and fire extinguishing system, it is characterized in that, described system is applied to Gu Zhen, house, market, warehouse or theatre.