CN1047990C - 胆囊式多用途船 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种多用途轮船，它对目前油轮存在的不安全性、单一的运输功能、对环境的污染等问题，提供了新的解决办法。本船的货仓为钢性结构和柔性结构相结合的构造，原油在仓内处于外壳、内壳、水垫层及喷淋层、胆囊四重保护下，使得其安全性大为提高。由于这种船所具有的特殊的货仓结构及相应的设施，使得其即可以运油，也可以运水、运货，具有出色的多用途性，经济性及安全性、环保性。
Description
本发明涉及一种胆囊式多用途船。
目前的油轮在发生碰撞、触礁等事故时，一旦船体破裂，大量的原油便会流出船外，造成环境的污染。为了减少这一事故的发生和减轻事故发生后的危害程度，目前能够采取的技术措施是：原油在油轮内分舱储存；油轮船壳向双层壳体发展。
原油在运输中，本身所含的杂质将有一部分在油舱内沉积下来，所以在一定的时期内就要对这些杂质进行清洗，这需要相应的清洗设施和将产生一定量的清洗污水。
油轮在空载状态下需要一定量的压载水，专门的压载水水舱不产生污染，但需要占据油轮的一部分有效载荷。用油舱装压载水，水会受到污染，所以需要装设相应的水处理设备。
油轮单一的运输能力使其往往只能单程运输。
本发明的目的是要提供一种新型的多用途船，它即能有效的降低原油泄露事故的发生率，又可以不需要专门的洗舱设施及压载水舱，也不产生运行污水。并且具有运油、运水、运货的多种功能，从而使得该轮可以双程运输。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：这种船的货舱结构包括由外壳及胆囊、隔舱、与外壳有一定间隔的内壳、输油设施及给排水设施等所构成。其特征是：本船的货舱结构是由刚性结构的外壳与内壳和柔性结构的水垫层及喷淋层以及胆囊所构成。胆囊处在货舱的最里层，胆囊的上部固定在货舱的上甲板之下，受油口与抽油口、扫油口等油舱运行设施从油舱的上部进入油舱，设在油舱的中上部，胆囊为可升降的和有备用囊壁的，胆囊四周有胆囊提升索和备用胆囊提升索，平时备用囊壁在底部处于折叠状态，用低强度的耐油胶粘剂在叠缝处简单的粘连。胆囊之外是水垫层与喷淋层，水垫层处于胆囊与内壳以及内壳与外壳之间，喷淋层处于胆囊之外、船舱上甲板与水垫层之间，在胆囊、水垫层、喷淋层这些柔性结构的外面，是刚性结构的内壳以及与内壳有一定间隔的外壳。在正常情况下，原油在胆囊内处于外壳、内壳、水垫层及喷淋层、胆囊四重保护下，一旦发生碰撞等事故，碰擅的能量基本上完全的作用到了外壳体和内壳体这两层刚性结构结构上，胆囊受力很小，又由于原油不会在发生碰撞的时候马上泄露(这是假设胆囊也发生破裂的情况下)，而胆囊与外壳体之间又有水垫层和喷淋层的作用，所以可以有效的防止碰撞起火。而万一胆囊破裂后，将备用胆囊自底部提升上来，又可以恢复胆囊对原油的密封状态。从概率上说，这几种事故同时发生的可能性很小，所以这种船和目前的油轮相比安全性大为提高。
本船货舱的特点是在运油状态时以胆囊为第一密闭层，胆囊与外壳体之间为水垫层(即水垫层处于内壳体两侧)。利用水垫层提供的外压力平衡原油对胆囊的内压力。由于水的比重比原油略高，所以囊壁受到的最大压差位置为水垫层的水面处，而胆囊底部的内外压差可以通过控制水垫层的水位而可以调整为零。
胆囊的构成材料为轻型高强度密封的多层次复合式织物与涂层。最内层次为防静电涂层及织物，中间层次为增强层，最外层次为耐水层。囊壁上部和靠船外壳侧有一定的富余尺寸，以保证在刚性壳体急剧变形时，原油不对囊壁产生增大的内压。
胆囊为可升降的和有备用囊壁的，胆囊四周有胆囊提升索和备用胆囊提升索，平时备用囊壁在底部处于折叠状态，用低强度的耐油胶粘剂在叠缝处简单的粘连，以保证一旦拉动备用胆囊提升索，可以很方便的使备用囊壁处于工作状态。3
在船的上层甲板下面，货舱的上部，设置喷淋设施，利用水垫层的水向胆囊的水上部分进行喷淋，以保证胆囊周围有充分的水湿性，用于防止碰撞起火和防止静电。
受油口与抽油口、扫油口等油舱运行设施从油舱的上部进入油舱，设在油舱的中上部，并且具有小范围的伸缩性，以利于原油的装卸。抽油口下方的原油油位靠胆囊外刚性货舱内的水位的升高来抬高。
内壳体经过简单的技术措施(将胆囊系留在货舱的上部)，这种船还可以很方便的胜任固体货物的运输，变为散装货轮。
由于采用上述方案，使得这种船与目前的油轮相比安全性能大为提高，而且不产生运行污水，所以该船可以不配备洗舱设施和污水处理设施，并且在保证综合安全性的同时，可以一定程度的降低船体钢板的厚度，从而降低造船成本。由于该船的这种特殊的货舱结构，使得该船具有直接的运油、运水、运货的功能，从而使得该船的运输效率与目前的油轮相比至少提高一倍。
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步说明；
图1是本胆囊式多用途船货舱处于运油状态时的实施例示意图。
图2是本胆囊式多用途船货舱处于运水状态时的实施例示意图。
图3是本胆囊式多用途船货舱处于运货状态时的实施例示意图。
图4是本胆囊式多用途船的胆囊结构示意图。
图中：外壳1、内壳2、水舱给排水口3、水舱及水垫层4、自动阀门5、油舱及原油6、胆囊7、喷淋管8、拦阻栅栏9、收受油口等10、舱盖11、胆囊提升索12、备用胆囊提升索13、备用胆囊14。
在图1中，本胆囊式多用途船货舱处于运油状态，舱内的原油6处于胆囊7、水垫层4及喷淋层、内壳2、外壳1四重保护之下。收油口、受油口、扫油口等油舱运行设施10从上部进入油舱6，抽油口下部的原油通过水舱给排水口3注水，靠水舱4内水位的升高来抬升，拦阻栅栏9的功能是拦阻胆囊以不被吸入抽油口内。
图2是本胆囊式多用途船货舱处于运水状态时的实施例示意图。此时胆囊7漂浮在货舱内水面之上，货舱内水的收受靠水舱给排水口3来完成。
图3是本胆囊式多用途船货舱处于运货状态时的实施例示意图。此时货舱内的水通过给排水口3已排出舱外，胆囊7通过胆囊提升索12固定在货舱的上部。
图4是本胆囊式多用途船的胆囊结构示意图。备用胆囊14平时折叠在胆囊的底部，叠缝处用低强度的耐油粘接剂简单的粘接，胆囊底部的四周有胆囊提升索12和备用胆囊提升索13，胆囊提升索12穿过并固定在胆囊7的最底部，备用胆囊提升索13设在胆囊侧壁的底部、备用胆囊14的折叠缝处之上，平时备用胆囊14在胆囊的底部处于折叠状态，一旦胆囊破裂，用备用胆囊提升索13迅速的将备用胆囊14打开以恢复胆囊的密封。
Claims (9)
1.一种胆囊式多用途船，船的货舱结构由外壳及胆囊、隔舱、与外壳有一定间隔的内壳、输油设施及给排水设施所构成，其特征是：本船的货舱结构是由刚性结构的外壳1与内壳2和柔性结构的水垫层4及喷淋层以及胆囊7所构成，胆囊处在货舱的最里层，胆囊的上部固定在货舱的上甲板之下，受油口与抽油口、扫油口等油舱运行设施10从油舱的上部进入油舱，设在油舱的中上部，胆囊之外是水垫层与喷淋层，水垫层处于胆囊与外壳之间，喷淋层处于胆囊之外、船舱上甲板与水垫层之间，在胆囊、水垫层、喷淋层这些柔性结构的外面，是刚性结构的内壳以及与内壳有一定间隔的外壳。形成了具有胆囊、水垫层与喷淋层、内壳、外壳四重保护的舱室结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：在胆囊7之外、外壳体1之内，通过给排水口3注入(内壳体此时不密封)在胆囊7的外面形成水舱及水垫层4。
3.根据权利要求1所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：在船舱的上层甲板之下设置喷淋管8，利用水舱及水垫层4的水对胆囊7的水上部分进行喷淋，形成喷淋层，以保证胆囊7周围的水湿性。
4.根据权利要求1所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：胆囊7的构成材料为轻型高强度密封的多层次复合式织物与涂层，最内层次为防静电涂层及织物，中间层次为增强层，最外层次为耐水层，囊壁上部和靠船外壳侧有一定的富余尺寸，以保证在刚性壳体急剧变形时，原油不对囊壁产生增大的内压。
5.根据权利要求1所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：胆囊7为可升降的和有备用胆囊的，胆囊四周有胆囊提升索12和备用胆囊提升索13，平时备用胆囊14在底部处于折叠状态，用低强度的耐油胶粘剂在叠缝处简单的粘连，胆囊提升索12穿过并固定在胆囊7的最底部，备用胆囊提升索13设在胆囊侧壁的底部、备用胆囊14的折叠缝处之上，平时备用胆囊14在胆囊的底部处于折叠状态，一旦胆囊破裂，用备用胆囊提升索13迅速的将备用胆囊14打开以恢复胆囊的密封。1
6.根据权利要求1所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：收油口、受油口、扫油口等油舱运行设施10从上部进入油舱6，抽油口下部的原油通过水舱给排水口3注水，靠水舱4内水位的升高来顶推原油液面的上升。
7.根据权利要求1、或2、或4所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：由于胆囊7具有很好的柔性，所以当胆囊空载时，向钢性结构的货舱内注水时，此时胆囊7漂浮在货舱内水面之上，此时货舱处于运水状态。
8.根据权利要求1、或5所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：用胆囊提升索12将胆囊7固定在货舱的上部，将货舱内的水通过水舱给排水口3排出舱外，此时货舱处于运货状态。
9.根据权利要求1所述的胆囊式多用途船，其特征是：在货舱的中上部收受油口、扫油口等油舱运行设施的周围设置拦阻栅栏9，其功能是拦阻胆囊以不被吸入抽油口内。
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94104501A CN1047990C (zh) | 1994-04-26 | 1994-04-26 | 胆囊式多用途船 |
| DE69515654T DE69515654D1 (de) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | Mehrzweckfrachter |
| EP95916549A EP0755856B1 (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | A multi-purpose freighter |
| KR1019960706016A KR100416037B1 (ko) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | 블래더형다목적선박 |
| US08/737,001 US5921421A (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | Bladder-type multipurpose vessel |
| JP52725895A JP3659648B2 (ja) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | 浮袋型多目的容器 |
| AU23019/95A AU2301995A (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | A multi-purpose freighter |
| PCT/CN1995/000031 WO1995029091A1 (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | A multi-purpose freighter |
| KR1019960706309A KR100282686B1 (ko) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-05-10 | 내용물저장용 자동밀폐식 밸브백 |
| KR1019960706131A KR970702810A (ko) | 1994-04-26 | 1996-10-30 | 강화된 반도체 웨이퍼 홀더(reinforced semiconductor wafer holder) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94104501A CN1047990C (zh) | 1994-04-26 | 1994-04-26 | 胆囊式多用途船 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1123755A CN1123755A (zh) | 1996-06-05 |
| CN1047990C true CN1047990C (zh) | 2000-01-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN94104501A Expired - Fee Related CN1047990C (zh) | 1994-04-26 | 1994-04-26 | 胆囊式多用途船 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5921421A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0755856B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3659648B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100416037B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1047990C (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2301995A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69515654D1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1995029091A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100423984C (zh) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-10-08 | 宁波大学 | 一种油轮 |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2755089A1 (fr) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-04-30 | Bienvenu Danielle | Systeme anti-pollution pour les petroliers |
| US6152059A (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2000-11-28 | Del Raso; Americo | Emergency bulk liquid cargo spill prevention system |
| US6290135B1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-09-18 | Psc Scanning, Inc. | Multiple source/dense pattern optical scanner |
| FR2805517B1 (fr) * | 2000-02-29 | 2002-05-31 | Pierre Marie Edmond Guidet | Navire polyvalent anti-maree noire |
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| CN108657669B (zh) * | 2018-07-20 | 2023-05-30 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | 一种海上油污存储装置及使用方法 |
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-
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- 1994-04-26 CN CN94104501A patent/CN1047990C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-04-26 US US08/737,001 patent/US5921421A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-26 WO PCT/CN1995/000031 patent/WO1995029091A1/zh not_active Ceased
- 1995-04-26 DE DE69515654T patent/DE69515654D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-26 KR KR1019960706016A patent/KR100416037B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-26 JP JP52725895A patent/JP3659648B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-26 AU AU23019/95A patent/AU2301995A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-26 EP EP95916549A patent/EP0755856B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100423984C (zh) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-10-08 | 宁波大学 | 一种油轮 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR970702800A (ko) | 1997-06-10 |
| JP3659648B2 (ja) | 2005-06-15 |
| DE69515654D1 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
| CN1123755A (zh) | 1996-06-05 |
| EP0755856A1 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
| EP0755856A4 (en) | 1997-06-09 |
| JPH10503728A (ja) | 1998-04-07 |
| AU2301995A (en) | 1995-11-16 |
| KR100416037B1 (ko) | 2004-08-12 |
| US5921421A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
| WO1995029091A1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
| EP0755856B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 |
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