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CN104646662A - Optimization method for performances of titanium-based composite material - Google Patents

Optimization method for performances of titanium-based composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104646662A
CN104646662A CN201410274349.4A CN201410274349A CN104646662A CN 104646662 A CN104646662 A CN 104646662A CN 201410274349 A CN201410274349 A CN 201410274349A CN 104646662 A CN104646662 A CN 104646662A
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titanium
al2o3
powder
optimization method
sample
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CN201410274349.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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周萌
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Abstract

The invention provides an optimization method for performances of a titanium-based composite material. The optimization method comprises the following steps: selecting electrolyzed titanium powder, wherein the electrolyzed titanium powder with the granularity of 500 meshes accounts for 50%, and the electrolyzed titanium powder with the granularity of 300 meshes accounts for 50%; mixing the electrolyzed titanium powder, and sieving with a 300-mesh sieve; selecting Al2O3 powder sieved with the 300-mesh sieve and mixing the Al2O3 powder with the titanium powder at a ratio, wherein the volume fraction of the Al2O3 powder is 1%-20% after the Al2O3 powder is mixed with the titanium powder; and mixing and grinding to prepare the powder needed by a hot pressing process. The intensity of the titanium-based composite material is increased when the titanium-based composite material guarantees the conductivity. The optimization method belongs to the field of metal materials.

Description

A kind of optimization method of titanium matrix composite performance
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optimization method of material property, belong to metal material field.
Background technology
Titanium and titanium alloys has good heat resistance, electric conductivity, the performances such as heat conduction, and also have good mechanical properties, processing performance is also more excellent simultaneously, is easy to processing, is easy to casting and plastic working.So they are widely used in electronics, electrically and the association area such as machinery manufacturing industry.But titanium is because hardness is not high in atmosphere or in the process that uses of some machines, and a series of shortcoming such as easy to wear, these shortcomings just limit the extensive use of titanium.But along with the development of science and technology, the continuous develop rapidly of electronic science and technology, what aeronautical and space technology required increases, and proposes higher performance requirement to the use of titanium.Requirement to ensure titanium have good conductive, heat conduction performance condition under, also to have lower thermal coefficient of expansion, good to resistance to wear and friction resistant performance, also will have high intensity, high mechanical behavior under high temperature simultaneously.Therefore develop high strength, high connductivity titanium matrix composite becomes one of focus of titanium investigation of materials.
Granule enhancement type titanium matrix composite is the new material that developed recently gets up.It possesses high strength, high conductivity and good thermal conduction characteristic, and hardness is high, wearability is good.Therefore, except can be used as contact material, spot-wedling electrode, circuit lead frame, also can be used as casting machine crystallizer material.At present, although the method preparing this kind of material is many, but also more complicated, performance does not also reach requirement to manufacturing process, production cost is higher, many aft-loaded airfoil manufacturing process technologies are particularly had also not solve, the such as problem such as reclaiming, process for machining, therefore, the performance of further raising material, reduce costs, replenishment of process, realizing suitability for industrialized production will become the Main way of China's titanium based composites development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: the optimization method that a kind of titanium matrix composite performance is provided, making titanium matrix composite increase again its intensity when ensureing electric conductivity.
The solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of optimization method of titanium matrix composite performance, choose electrolysis titanium valve, granularity is that 500 objects account for 50%, 300 objects account for 50%, used in combination, and by 300 object sieve, the Al2O3 powder chosen again after 300 object sieve mixes in proportion with titanium valve, after Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 1 ~ 20%, and makes the powder needed for heat pressing process through mix grinding.
After Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 5%.
After Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 10%.
After Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 15%.
After Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 20%.
Compared with prior art, major advantage adds appropriate scandium in the alloy in the present invention, and effectively can improve tensile strength and the percentage elongation of Al-10Mg alloy, the rare earth scandium of suitable addition and solution treatment can make Al-10Mg alloy obtain efficient hardening.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below the present invention is described in further detail,
experimental example:
This tests titanium valve used is electrolysis titanium valve, and granularity is that 500 objects account for 50%, and 300 objects account for 50%, used in combination, and by 300 object sieve.Particle mean size is about 38 μm, namely about 400 orders.Al2O3 powder degree is on average also about 38 μm.This laboratory sample preparation method is exactly by Al2O3 and titanium valve (volume fraction) mixing in proportion, and manually mix grinding makes the powder needed for heat pressing process.
Sample number into spectrum and composition
Sample number into spectrum C S1 S2 S3 S4
Al2O3 volume fraction (vol.%) 0 5% 10% 15% 20%
experiment content
The mensuration of porosity rate
This experiment adopts the porosity rate of quality-volume direct method of measurement working sample
Porosity rate (P)=(solid density-actual density)/solid density × 100%.
Micro-hardness experiments
determination of Hardness step:
(1) suitable test method and instrument are selected to various sample, determine experiment condition.Experimentally select pressure head, load (counterweight) with sample conditions, change testing stand according to specimen shape;
(2) with standard hardness block check hardometer.The hardness number of verification should not be above standard block of hardness hardness number ± 3%(Bu Shi) or ± (1% ~ 1.5%) (Rockwell);
(3) sample support face, workbench and pressure head surface should be cleaned.Sample is put on the table reposefully, is not moved and warpage in guarantee test loading procedure, and test force is added on sample reposefully, and must not impact and shake, force direction is vertical with specimen surface.Keep load official hour (to Bu Shi, Vickers hardness, measure impression size with counting microscope after shedding load, calculate or table look-up), shed load and record test data exactly.
metallograph is observed
Metal material metallographic microanalysis is one of most important method of research metal inside structure observation metal material microstructure.Get a certain size required sample, with sand paper, sample is polished, on coarse sandpaper, material is polished at first, then on 1 to 6 good sand paper, fine grinding is carried out to it and know that sample is ground light as minute surface, the sample of milled also needs to carry out polishing, remove trickle polishing scratch and rinse well with clear water, finally drying up with hair-dryer.To its interior tissue of metallography microscope Microscopic observation, go to a place clearly to carry out metallographic to take pictures, obtain metallograph by adjusting the steps such as microscopical focal length.The metallograph of the sample of different component is different, and the difference of the various aspects of performance such as its hardness is described.
scanned photograph is observed
Mainly utilize secondary electron signal imaging to observe the configuration of surface of sample, namely remove scanning samples with extremely narrow electron beam, produce various effect by the interaction of electron beam and sample, wherein the secondary of mainly sample.Secondary electron can produce the X rays topographs that sample surfaces amplifies, and this similarly is set up chronologically when sample scans, and namely uses the method for pointwise imaging to obtain intensified image.
decay resistance is tested
Laboratory apparatus and material; Sample, electronic balance, 4,500ml beaker, graduated cylinder, glass bar one, tweezers one, NaCl, spoon one, the some label papers of distilled water.
experimental procedure;
The first step, claims sample mass.
Second step; The NaCl solution of configuration 5%.
3rd step; Corrode.
4th step; Erosional surface is observed on metallographic microscope, takes pictures, observe the situation of etch pit.
selecting of experimental facilities
P-2 type metallographic-sample polisher
Outside micrometer
Power supply
Electronic balance
Metallographic microscope
Electronic scanner microscope (SEM)
Energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS)
Microhardness testers
porosity rate is analyzed
The molecular weight of known Ti is 63.55, density is 8.92, fusing point is 1083 DEG C of forms is reddish Face-centred Cubic Metals. it is 40.10 that the actual density of sample measures the component adopting Archimedes' principle Al2O3, density is 3.217,2700 DEG C of distillations, form be black six sides or cube carbide measure, the porosity rate of composite is by following formulae discovery:
Porosity rate=(solid density-actual density)/solid density × 100%.The porosity rate calculated
Sample number into spectrum Solid density (g/cm3) Actual density (g/cm3) Porosity rate (%)
C 8.92 8.68 1.79
S1 8.64 8.48 1.85
S2 8.35 8.19 1.91
S3 8.07 7.90 2.05
S4 7.78 7.61 2.36
porosity rate is analyzeds series is along with the increase of Al2O3 particle, and porosity rate increases to some extent.Due to the interpolation of Al2O3 particle, according to the difference of addition, make to have dropped to 7.61 to the actual density of S4 sample from 8.76 from C sample; Porosity rate also increases along with Al2O3, increases to some extent, increases 2.36% of S4 sample from 1.79% of C sample.Above result of the test should be caused by adding of Al2O3.Main cause is because Al2O3 is lighter than Ti; Meanwhile, although under same heat pressing process effect, between Al2O3 and Ti, than between Ti powder and Ti powdered granule, larger gap is had.In S series, although the Al2O3 particle added is all about 38 μm, because shape mostly is sheet (can be observed in ESEM), when mostly being the Ti mix particles of similar round shape with shape, the space of formation can increase.The quantity that the particle of Al2O3 adds is more, and the quantity increase in space is more, and thus, porosity rate increases with the increase of Al2O3 particle.
the analysis of microhardnessby hardness test, choose 5 different points and carry out hardness test, draw 5 hardness numbers, get the mean value of 5 values
Specimen coding C S1 S2 S3 S4
Hardness HV30 19.6 48.6 61.5 94.8 105.8
S series is along with the continuous increase of Al2O3 particle, and the hardness number of sample progressively increases.Al2O3 is Hard Inclusion, is added on the hardness that effectively can improve matrix material in Ti sill.But because the particle of Al2O3 is comparatively large, mostly is sheet again, adds to after in Ti matrix, if addition is too little, the spread is inadequate, and add that the Ti particle mostly easily being toroidal with shape forms space in phase boundary, greatly reduce strengthening effect, thus hardness improves not quite.Along with the increase of addition, although significantly improve disperse degree, because voidage also increases significantly, also reduce its strengthening effect simultaneously.
the analysis of decay resistance
S series, adopt PH be 5 5%NaC1 salt solution test.Sample soaks 15 days in salt solution, then clean up, dry after weigh, compare its resistance to corrosion at these two kinds of solution.Result of the test is as following table.
The result of the test of sample after PH is soak 15 days in the salt solution of 7.5
Sample number into spectrum Composition Example weight (mg) Weight (mg) after corrosion Corrosion loss amount (mg)
C Ti 19191.45 19153.14 38.31
S1 Ti/5Al2O3p 18756.44 18795.47 39.03
S2 Ti/10Al2O3p 17633.47 17594.31 39.16
S3 Ti/15Al2O3p 17257.88 17216.03 41.85
S4 Ti/20Al2O3p 16645.77 16603.73 42.04
Sum up
Main research Al2O3 particle is on the impact of titanium matrix composite performance herein, on the basis of a large amount of experimental datas and document, the analyses such as the test of the comprehensive observation by the metallographic structure observation to sample, ESEM, energy spectrum analysis and hardness, obtain some conclusion following:
Adopt the method for heat pressing process and sintering 600 DEG C, the Al2O3/Ti based composites density prepared under 500MPa and the maintenance condition of 30 minutes is high, defect is few, is more satisfactory composite product.
Along with Al2O3 grain volume fraction increases, the porosity rate of Al2O3 titanium matrix composite increases, and namely the density of sample is deteriorated, and this is because Al2O3 grain shape mostly is sheet, and when mostly being the Ti mix particles of similar round shape with shape, the space of formation can increase.It is more that the particle of Al2O3 adds, and space is more, and porosity rate is more.
By finding after the observation of metallographic microstructure, the gap between titanium valve particle or micropore are very rare, without large defect.Along with the increase of Al2O3 volume fraction, the Al2O3 particle in picture becomes changeable intensive never gradually, but overall distribution must relatively evenly.
Find after scanning electron microscope analysis, the combination degree between Al2O3 particle or between Al2O3 particle and matrix is all quite tight.
Sample is carried out micro-hardness testing, and finds after contrasting with matrix sample, after adding Al2O3 particle, the hardness of material progressively increases.
Along with the increase of Al2O3 particle, the resistance to corrosion of this titanium matrix composite decreases, but it is little to decline.Reason is the increase along with particle, and the porosity rate of this composite increases, and the existence of these holes, just for corrosion provides passage, causes etch pit one by one, so along with the increase of Al2O3 particle, and the decline of sample resistance to corrosion.

Claims (5)

1. the optimization method of a titanium matrix composite performance, it is characterized in that: choose electrolysis titanium valve, granularity is that 500 objects account for 50%, 300 objects account for 50%, used in combination, and by 300 object sieve, the Al2O3 powder chosen again after 300 object sieve mixes in proportion with titanium valve, after Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 1 ~ 20%, and makes the powder needed for heat pressing process through mix grinding.
2. the optimization method of a kind of titanium matrix composite performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 5%.
3. the optimization method of a kind of titanium matrix composite performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 10%.
4. the optimization method of a kind of titanium matrix composite performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 15%.
5. the optimization method of a kind of titanium matrix composite performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after Al2O3 powder mixes with titanium valve, wherein the volume fraction of Al2O3 powder is 20%.
CN201410274349.4A 2014-06-19 2014-06-19 Optimization method for performances of titanium-based composite material Pending CN104646662A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3653744A1 (en) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-20 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Composite material with a metal matrix and method for manufacturing such a material

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1007750A1 (en) * 1997-08-19 2000-06-14 Titanox Developments Limited Titanium alloy based dispersion-strengthened composites
CN101063187A (en) * 2007-05-23 2007-10-31 济南钢铁股份有限公司 Preparation method of ceramic-metal composite material
CN102962434A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-03-13 西安交通大学 Silicon carbide/copper silicon alloy codual-continuous composite and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1007750A1 (en) * 1997-08-19 2000-06-14 Titanox Developments Limited Titanium alloy based dispersion-strengthened composites
CN101063187A (en) * 2007-05-23 2007-10-31 济南钢铁股份有限公司 Preparation method of ceramic-metal composite material
CN102962434A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-03-13 西安交通大学 Silicon carbide/copper silicon alloy codual-continuous composite and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3653744A1 (en) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-20 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Composite material with a metal matrix and method for manufacturing such a material

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