CN104612668B - A kind of Directional Drilling profile survey alignment system and method - Google Patents
A kind of Directional Drilling profile survey alignment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104612668B CN104612668B CN201410799923.8A CN201410799923A CN104612668B CN 104612668 B CN104612668 B CN 104612668B CN 201410799923 A CN201410799923 A CN 201410799923A CN 104612668 B CN104612668 B CN 104612668B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Directional Drilling profile survey alignment system and method, methods described includes：The displacement signal of drilling rod is gathered, institute's displacement signal is converted into the first displacement pulse signals, second displacement pulse signal；First displacement pulse signals, second displacement pulse signal are gathered, the bearing data of the drilling rod is obtained according to first displacement pulse signals, the second displacement pulse signal；Recognize the drilling rod head signal of the drilling rod；The displacement coordinate of drilling rod according to first displacement pulse signals, the pulse signal of displacement two, the bearing data of the drilling rod, the drilling rod head signal of change；In this way, the 3-D view of directional drill hole section can be obtained according to the drilling rod displacement coordinate for getting, the success rate that directional drilling pipeline is passed through is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploration, in particular to a directional drilling profile measuring system and method.
Background
In recent years, the pipe diameter penetrated by the directional drill in petroleum pipeline construction is larger and larger, the penetrating geology is more and more complex, and the technical problems in construction are more and more. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the pipeline back dragging, the shape of the section of the hole of the directional drill needs to be measured so as to monitor the hole forming quality of the directional drill. However, no effective technical means is available for obtaining a three-dimensional view of the profile of a directional borehole.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a positioning system and a positioning method for measuring a profile of a directional drill.
The invention provides a directional drilling profile measuring and positioning system, which comprises:
the displacement signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring a displacement signal of the drill rod and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal;
the first identification unit is used for acquiring the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal;
a second identification unit for identifying a drill rod head signal of the drill rod;
and the displacement positioning unit is used for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal.
In the above solution, the positioning system further includes:
and the clock unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and used for recording and calculating the time of the displacement coordinate of the drill rod and sending the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit.
In the above solution, the system further includes:
the storage unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and used for storing the recording time and the displacement coordinate of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format;
and the display unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and is used for displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
In the above scheme, the displacement signal acquisition unit is specifically configured to: and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal through an external coding unit.
In the foregoing solution, the first identifying unit is specifically configured to: carrying out partial pressure and direction-distinguishing processing on the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal to obtain direction data of the drill rod; wherein,
the first displacement pulse signal phase precedes the second displacement pulse signal phase as the drill pipe advances;
when the drill rod retreats, the phase of the second displacement pulse signal is prior to the phase of the first displacement pulse signal.
In the above solution, the system further includes: a first detection unit and a second detection unit; wherein;
the displacement signal acquisition unit is further used for:
sending a first identification signal to the first detection unit, wherein the first detection unit generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; or,
sending a second identification signal to the second detection unit, wherein the first detection unit generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal;
the second identification unit determines that the drill rod head is a small drill rod head according to the first voltage signal, and the second identification unit determines that the drill rod head is a large drill rod head according to the second voltage signal.
In the above scheme, the first voltage signal is not greater than the second voltage signal;
the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR 1.
In the foregoing solution, the displacement positioning unit is specifically configured to:
recording a first number N1 of the first displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a forward state and recording a second number N2 of the second displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a backward state within a preset time;
calculating displacement data of the drill rod according to a formula of N1-N2-ERR0-ERR 1;
determining the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data of the drill rod;
determining a displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction; wherein,
one displacement pulse signal corresponds to a distance of 1 cm.
The invention also provides a directional drilling profile measuring and positioning method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting a displacement signal of a drill rod, and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal;
collecting the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal, and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal;
identifying a drill pipe head signal of the drill pipe;
and calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises: and recording the time for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod, and sending the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises: storing the recording time and the displacement coordinate of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format;
and displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
In the foregoing solution, the acquiring the direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal includes:
carrying out voltage division and direction discrimination processing on the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal to obtain direction data of the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal; wherein,
the first displacement pulse signal precedes the second displacement pulse signal as the drill rod advances;
when the drill rod retreats, the second displacement pulse signal precedes the first displacement pulse signal.
In the above solution, the identifying the drill rod head signal of the drill rod includes:
sending a first identification signal, and generating a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; or,
sending a second identification signal, and generating a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal;
and determining the drill rod head as a small drill rod head according to the first voltage signal, and determining the drill rod head as a large drill rod head according to the second voltage signal.
In the above scheme, the first voltage signal is not greater than the second voltage signal;
the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR 1.
In the above scheme, calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod, and the drill rod head signal includes:
recording a first number N1 of the first displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a forward state and recording a second number N2 of the second displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a backward state within a preset time;
calculating displacement data of the drill rod according to a formula of N1-N2-ERR0-ERR 1;
determining the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data of the drill rod;
determining a displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction; wherein,
one displacement pulse signal corresponds to a distance of 1 cm.
The invention provides a directional drilling section measuring system and a method, wherein a displacement signal of a drill rod is collected and converted into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal; collecting the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal, and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal; identifying a drill pipe head signal of the drill pipe; calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal; therefore, in oil exploration, the measurement precision of the drilling displacement of the drill rod can reach 0.1 meter, a three-dimensional view of the section of the directional drilling hole can be obtained according to the obtained displacement coordinates of the drill rod, and the success rate of the directional drilling pipeline crossing is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a directional drill profile measuring and positioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first identification unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a second identification unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first contact according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second node according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a memory cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a third connection point according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a control chip C8051F310 according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a driver chip HC595 according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a drill profile measuring and positioning method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In various embodiments of the invention, in order to improve the success rate of the passage of the directional drilling pipeline and accurately measure the shape of the cross section of a hole formed by the directional drilling, the invention provides a system and a method for measuring and positioning the cross section of the directional drilling, which are used for collecting a displacement signal of a drill rod and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal; collecting the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal, and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal; identifying a drill pipe head signal of the drill pipe; and calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example one
The present embodiment provides a positioning system for profile measurement of directional drilling, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: the displacement positioning device comprises a displacement signal acquisition unit 11, a first identification unit 12, a second identification unit 13 and a displacement positioning unit 14; wherein,
the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 is used for acquiring a displacement signal of the drill rod and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal A and a second displacement pulse signal B;
the first identification unit 12 is configured to acquire the first displacement pulse signal a and the second displacement pulse signal B, and acquire direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal a and the second displacement pulse signal B;
the second identification unit 13 is used for identifying a drill rod head signal of the drill rod; wherein, the drill rod head includes: a drill rod big head and a drill rod small head.
The displacement positioning unit 14 is configured to calculate a displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal a, the second displacement pulse signal B, the direction data of the drill rod, and the drill rod head signal.
Specifically, the system further comprises: an outer encoding unit 15; the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 is connected with the external coding unit 15, when the directional drill works, the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 acquires a displacement signal of a drill rod of the directional drill, and the displacement signal is converted into a first displacement pulse signal A and a second displacement pulse signal B through the external coding unit 15; wherein the displacement signal is a standard current signal; the first shift pulse signal a and the second shift pulse signal B are digital signals, and the first shift pulse signal a and the second shift pulse signal B are differential signals having a phase difference of 180 degrees.
When the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 converts the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal a and a second displacement pulse signal B, the first identification unit 12 is specifically configured to: and carrying out voltage division and direction discrimination processing on the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B to obtain direction data of the drill rod. Wherein the first displacement pulse signal A phase precedes the second displacement pulse signal B phase as the drill rod advances; when the drill rod retreats, the phase B of the second displacement pulse signal is prior to the phase A of the first displacement pulse signal.
Specifically, the circuit diagram of the first identification unit 12 is shown in fig. 2, and includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first NOT gate U1, a first AND gate U2 and a second AND gate U3; the first resistor R1 is configured to divide the first displacement pulse signal a, and adjust the first displacement pulse signal a to about 3.3V. Similarly, the second resistor R2 is used to divide the second displacement pulse signal B and adjust the second displacement pulse signal B to about 3.3V.
Then, the first displacement pulse signal a and the second displacement pulse signal B are subjected to direction discrimination processing by a direction discrimination circuit composed of the first not gate U1, the first and gate U2 and the second and gate U3, so as to obtain direction data of the drill rod, and the direction data of the drill rod is sent to the displacement positioning unit 14, so that the displacement positioning unit 14 determines the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data.
Specifically, when the drill rod advances, the direction sensing circuit outputs a third pulse signal P1 according to the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B. When the drill rod retreats, the direction sensing circuit outputs a fourth pulse signal P2 according to the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B. The third pulse signal P1 and the fourth pulse signal P2 are the direction data of the drill rod.
Meanwhile, the direction sensing circuit simultaneously outputs a seventh pulse signal F1 representing the advancing distance; an eighth pulse signal F2 representing the distance of retreat.
In practical applications, the first not gate U1 may be implemented by a 74LV04 chip, and the first and gate U2 and the second and gate U3 may be implemented by an HC08 chip.
Here, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are used for protecting the circuit, the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 may be 4.7K, and the resistance values of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 may be 4.7K.
Here, the system further includes: a first detection unit 16, a second detection unit 17; wherein, the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 is further configured to:
sending a first identification signal to the first detection unit 16, wherein the first detection unit 16 generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; or,
sending a second identification signal to the second detection unit 17, and generating a second voltage signal by the first detection unit 16 according to the second identification signal;
when the first detection unit 16 generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal, and the first detection unit 16 generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal, the second identification unit 13 is specifically configured to: and determining the drill rod head as a small drill rod head according to the first voltage signal, and determining the drill rod head as a large drill rod head according to the second voltage signal.
Specifically, because the displacement signal collecting unit 11 is fixed on the drill rod through the guide rail type spring loading arm, when the displacement signal collecting unit 11 travels on the drill rod body, the guide rail type spring loading arm is at a first position, because the position height of the drill rod small end is higher than that of the rod body, when the displacement signal collecting unit 11 passes through the drill rod small end, the displacement signal collecting unit 11 drives the guide rail type spring loading arm to reach a second position, at this time, the displacement signal collecting unit 11 sends a first identification signal to the first detecting unit 16, and the first detecting unit 16 generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; and sends the first voltage signal to the second identification unit 13. Wherein the height of the second location is greater than the height of the first location.
When the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 passes through the large end of the drill rod, because the diameter of the large end of the drill rod is larger than the diameters of the rod body of the drill rod and the small end of the drill rod, at this time, the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 drives the guide rail type spring loading arm to reach a third position, the displacement signal acquisition unit 11 sends a second identification signal to the second detection unit 17, and the second detection unit 17 generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal; and sends the second voltage signal to the second identification unit 13. Wherein the height of the third position is greater than the height of the second position, and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are low-frequency signals; the first voltage signal is not greater than the second voltage signal; the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, and the walking error can be measured and calibrated in advance.
When the second identification unit 13 obtains that the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0 and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is sent to the displacement positioning unit 14, so that when the displacement positioning unit 14 determines the displacement coordinate of the drill rod, the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0 or the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the walking error is used as a fixed error to correct data, and the positioning accuracy is improved.
Here, the circuit diagram of the second recognition unit 13 is as shown in fig. 3, and includes: a second not gate U4, a third not gate U5, a third and gate U6, a first threshold determination circuit U7, and a second threshold determination circuit U8;
when the second identification unit 13 receives the first voltage signal sent by the first detection unit 16, and the first threshold determination circuit U7 determines that the first voltage signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the first voltage signal is processed by a circuit composed of the second not gate U4 and the third and gate U6, so that the waveform rising edge of the first voltage signal is steeper and more similar to a square wave, and further, errors caused by too long rising time are reduced. And outputting a fifth pulse signal P3, wherein the fifth pulse signal P3 represents the large head of the drill rod.
Similarly, when the second identification unit 13 receives the second voltage signal sent by the second detection unit 17, and the second threshold determination circuit U8 determines that the second voltage signal is smaller than the preset voltage threshold, the second voltage signal is processed through the third not gate U5 and the third and gate U6, so that the rising edge of the waveform of the second voltage signal is steeper and more similar to a square wave, and further, the error caused by the excessively long rising time is reduced. And outputting a sixth pulse signal P4, wherein the sixth pulse signal P4 represents the small end of the drill rod.
In practical applications, the second not gate U4 and the third not gate U5 may be implemented by SN7414N chips, and the third and gate U6 may be implemented by an HC08 chip.
When the obtained travel error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0 and the obtained travel error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the displacement positioning unit 14 is specifically configured to:
recording a first quantity N1 of first displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a forward state and recording a second quantity N2 of second displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a backward state within a preset time; calculating displacement data of the drill rod according to formula (1), wherein one displacement pulse signal corresponds to a distance of 1 cm.
S＝N1-N2-ERR0-ERR1 (1)
For example, in 10 minutes, when N1 is 1000 in the forward state and N2 is 100 in the backward state, the drill rod passes through the large end of the drill rod for 1 time and the small end of the drill rod for 1 time, the corresponding distance S is first obtained0The distance is 900 cm (1000 + 100), the distance comprises the walking error of walking on the curved surface when the drill rod passes through the large head and the small head, the walking error is marked as ERR0 and ERR1 through measurement in advance, and the actual walking distance S is S0-ERR0-ERR0。
Further, the displacement positioning unit 14 determines the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data of the drill rod; and determining the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction.
Here, the positioning system further includes: a clock unit 18, a storage unit 19, a display unit 20, and a power supply unit 21; wherein,
the clock unit 18 is connected to the displacement positioning unit 14, and is configured to clock, record time data for calculating a displacement coordinate of the drill rod, and send the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit 14.
The storage unit 19 is connected to the displacement positioning unit 14, and is configured to store the recording time and the displacement data of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format.
Specifically, the clock unit 18 may be implemented by a clock chip DS1302, and the displacement positioning unit 14 is connected to the second contact JP2 of the clock unit 18 through a first contact JP 1. The circuit diagram of the first contact JP1 is shown in fig. 4, and the circuit diagram of the second contact JP2 is shown in fig. 5.
The shift register unit 14 reads the timing data of the clock unit 18 through the single bus DS1302_ IO. The DS1302_ SCSK and the DS1302_ RST are control pins.
The storage unit 19 may be implemented by a memory card (SD, Secure Digital), the storage unit 19 is connected to the displacement positioning unit 14 through a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), receives a control command transmitted by the displacement positioning unit 14 through the SPI, and performs storage control on received data according to the control command, where the storage format is a predefined data format and includes recording time and recorded drill pipe drilling displacement data. Wherein, the control pins of the storage unit 19 are respectively: SDOUT, SDSCK, SDDIN and SDCS; the SDOUT is used for controlling data output of the SD card; the SDSCK is a system clock for controlling the SD card; the SDDIN is SD card data input; and the SDCS controls the gating of the SD card. The circuit diagram of the memory cell 19 is shown in fig. 6.
The storage format may be implemented according to a serial number, time and drilling distance, for example, if data is recorded in 2014 at 32 minutes and 48 seconds at 16 months and 9 months, and the drilling distance is 23cm, the storage format may be as shown in table 1.
Table 1 storage format of storage unit 19
| Serial number | Time of day | Drilling distance (cm) |
| 1 | 20140901163248 | 23 |
Where, table 1 may include multiple lines of data, and the interval between each line of data may be set to 8 characters, which is a txt file.
The display unit 20 is connected with the displacement positioning unit 14, and shares displacement data and displacement direction of the drill rod with the displacement positioning unit 14; and the displacement display module is used for displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
Specifically, the display unit 20 is connected to the displacement positioning unit 14 through a first connection point JP1 and a third connection point JP3, and the display unit 20 can display displacement data in real time through a control chip C8051F310 and four common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4. Wherein, the circuit diagram of the third connection point JP3 is shown in fig. 7; the circuit diagram of the control chip C8051F310 is shown in fig. 8, and the circuit connection diagrams of the common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are shown in fig. 9. The control chip C8051F310 is connected with a fifth connection point JP5 of the common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 through a fourth connection point JP 4.
After the control chip C8051F310 acquires the seventh pulse signal F1 and the eighth pulse signal F2, the Q1, the Q2, the Q3 and the Q4 digital tubes are controlled to be turned on and off through the pins LED _ SW1, LED _ SW2, LED _ SW3 and LED _ SW4, so that the bit selection of the corresponding bit digital tubes is controlled respectively, and displacement data is displayed in real time. The nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 can be realized by MOS transistors BSS 123.
The drive chips of the nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are HC595, and the control chip C8051F310 controls the drive chip HC595 through HC595_ SH, HC595_ ST and HC595_ DS pins to drive the corresponding fields of each nixie tube. Fig. 10 shows a circuit diagram of the driver chip HC595 of the control chip.
Here, the power supply unit 21 is configured to supply power to the displacement positioning unit 14, the display unit 20, and the second identification unit 13. The power supply unit 21 may be implemented by a lithium battery.
In practical application, the displacement positioning unit 14 can be implemented by a single chip microcomputer C8051F 340.
The directional drilling section measuring and positioning system provided by the embodiment realizes real-time recording of the drilling distance of the horizontal directional drilling and provides reliable drilling direction coordinate positioning for detection of the section profile of the large-aperture directional drilling hole. Industrial application tests prove that the directional drilling section measuring and positioning system provided by the embodiment is applied to detection of large-aperture directional drilling hole section profiles, meets the detection standard requirements, can realize automatic acquisition and unattended operation, is accurate in drilling distance measurement, and can be widely applied to detection of drilling distance parameters in directional drilling crossing construction.
Example two
Corresponding to the first embodiment, the present invention further provides a method for measuring and positioning a profile of a directional drill, as shown in fig. 11, the method mainly includes the following steps:
step 1110, collecting a displacement signal of the drill rod, and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal A and a second displacement pulse signal B;
in the step, a displacement signal of the drill rod is acquired through a displacement signal acquisition unit, and the displacement signal is converted into a first displacement pulse signal A and a second displacement pulse signal B;
specifically, the displacement signal acquisition unit is connected with the external coding unit, and when the directional drill works, the displacement signal acquisition unit acquires a displacement signal of a drill rod of the directional drill and converts the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal A and a second displacement pulse signal B through the external coding unit; wherein the displacement signal is a standard current signal; the first shift pulse signal a and the second shift pulse signal B are digital signals, and the first shift pulse signal a and the second shift pulse signal B are differential signals with phases different by 180 degrees.
Step 1111, collecting the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B, and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B;
in this step, when the displacement signal acquisition unit converts the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal a and a second displacement pulse signal B, the first identification unit 12 divides the pressure and identifies the direction of the first displacement pulse signal a and the second displacement pulse signal B to obtain the direction data of the drill rod. Wherein the first displacement pulse signal A phase precedes the second displacement pulse signal B phase as the drill rod advances; when the drill rod retreats, the phase B of the second displacement pulse signal is prior to the phase A of the first displacement pulse signal.
Specifically, a circuit diagram of the first identification unit is shown in fig. 2, and includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first NOT gate U1, a first AND gate U2 and a second AND gate U3; the first displacement pulse signal a is divided by the first resistor R1, and the first displacement pulse signal a is adjusted to about 3.3V. Similarly, the second displacement pulse signal B is divided by the second resistor R2, and the second displacement pulse signal B is adjusted to about 3.3V.
Then, the first displacement pulse signal a and the second displacement pulse signal B are subjected to direction discrimination processing through a direction discrimination circuit formed by the first not gate U1, the first and gate U2 and the second and gate U3, so as to obtain direction data of the drill rod, and the direction data of the drill rod is sent to the displacement positioning unit, so that the displacement positioning unit determines the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data.
Specifically, when the drill rod advances, the direction sensing circuit outputs a third pulse signal P1 according to the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B. When the drill rod retreats, the direction sensing circuit outputs a fourth pulse signal P2 according to the first displacement pulse signal A and the second displacement pulse signal B. The third pulse signal P1 and the fourth pulse signal P2 are the direction data of the drill rod.
Meanwhile, the direction sensing circuit simultaneously outputs a seventh pulse signal F1 representing the advancing distance; an eighth pulse signal F2 representing the distance of retreat.
In practical applications, the first not gate U1 may be implemented by a 74LV04 chip, and the first and gate U2 and the second and gate U3 may be implemented by an HC08 chip.
Here, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are used for protecting the circuit, the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 may be 4.7K, and the resistance values of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 may be 4.7K.
Step 1112, identifying a drill pipe head signal of the drill pipe;
in the step, a first identification signal is sent to a first detection unit through the displacement signal acquisition unit, and the first detection unit generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; or,
sending a second identification signal to a second detection unit, wherein the first detection unit generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal;
when the first detection unit generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal and the first detection unit generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal, the second identification unit is configured to: and determining the drill rod head as a small drill rod head according to the first voltage signal, and determining the drill rod head as a large drill rod head according to the second voltage signal.
Specifically, because the displacement signal acquisition unit is fixed on the drill rod through the guide rail type spring loading arm, when the displacement signal acquisition unit travels on the drill rod body, the guide rail type spring loading arm is at a first position, and because the position of the drill rod small head is higher than the rod body, when the displacement signal acquisition unit passes through the drill rod small head, the displacement signal acquisition unit can drive the guide rail type spring loading arm to reach a second position, at this time, the displacement signal acquisition unit sends a first identification signal to the first detection unit, and the first detection unit generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; and sending the first voltage signal to the second identification unit. Wherein the height of the second location is greater than the height of the first location.
When the displacement signal acquisition unit passes through the large end of the drill rod, the diameter of the large end of the drill rod is larger than the diameters of the rod body of the drill rod and the small end of the drill rod, at the moment, the displacement signal acquisition unit can drive the guide rail type spring loading arm to reach a third position, the displacement signal acquisition unit sends a second identification signal to the second detection unit, and the second detection unit generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal; and sending the second voltage signal to the second identification unit. Wherein the height of the third position is greater than the height of the second position, and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are low-frequency signals; the first voltage signal is not greater than the second voltage signal; the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, and the walking error can be measured and calibrated in advance.
When the second identification unit obtains that the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0 and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is sent to the displacement positioning unit, so that when the displacement positioning unit determines the displacement coordinate of the drill rod, the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0 or the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the walking error is used as a fixed error to correct data, and positioning accuracy is improved.
Here, a circuit diagram of the second recognition unit is as shown in fig. 3, and includes: a second not gate U4, a third not gate U5, a third and gate U6, a first threshold determination circuit U7, and a second threshold determination circuit U8;
when the second identification unit receives the first voltage signal sent by the first detection unit, and the first threshold determination circuit U7 determines that the first voltage signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold, the first voltage signal is processed by a circuit composed of the second not gate U4 and the third and gate U6, so that the waveform rising edge of the first voltage signal is steeper and more similar to a square wave, and further, errors caused by too long rising time are reduced. And outputting a fifth pulse signal P3, wherein the fifth pulse signal P3 represents the large head of the drill rod.
Similarly, when the second identification unit receives the second voltage signal sent by the second detection unit, and the second voltage signal is determined to be smaller than the preset voltage threshold by the second threshold determination circuit U8, the second voltage signal is processed by the third not gate U5 and the third and gate U6, so that the rising edge of the waveform of the second voltage signal is steeper and more similar to a square wave, and further, errors caused by too long rising time are reduced. And outputting a sixth pulse signal P4, wherein the sixth pulse signal P4 represents the small end of the drill rod.
In practical applications, the second not gate U4 and the third not gate U5 may be implemented by SN7414N chips, and the third and gate U6 may be implemented by an HC08 chip.
And 1113, calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal.
In this step, when the travel error of the large end of the drill rod obtained by the displacement positioning unit is ERR0 and the travel error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR1, the displacement positioning unit is specifically configured to:
recording a first quantity N1 of first displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a forward state and recording a second quantity N2 of second displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a backward state within a preset time; calculating displacement data of the drill rod according to formula (1), wherein one displacement pulse signal corresponds to a distance of 1 cm.
S＝N1-N2-ERR0-ERR1 (1)
For example, within 10 minutes, if the N1 is 1000 in the forward state and the N2 is 100 in the backward state of the drill rod, and the drill rod passes through the large end of the drill rod for 1 time and the small end of the drill rod for 1 time, the corresponding distance S is first obtained0The distance is 900 cm (1000 + 100), the distance comprises the walking error of walking on the curved surface when the drill rod passes through the large head and the small head, the walking error is marked as ERR0 and ERR1 through measurement in advance, and the actual walking distance S is S0-ERR0-ERR0。
Further, the displacement positioning unit determines the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data of the drill rod; and determining the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction.
Here, after the moving and positioning unit determines the displacement coordinates of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction, the method further includes: and recording the time for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod, and sending the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit. And storing the recording time and the displacement coordinate of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format, and displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
Specifically, the time for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod is recorded through a clock unit, and the clock unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and used for clock timing, recording time data for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod and sending the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit.
And the storage unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and used for storing the recording time and the displacement data of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format.
Specifically, the clock unit may be implemented by a clock chip DS1302, and the displacement positioning unit is connected to a second contact JP2 of the clock unit through a first contact JP 1. Wherein the circuit diagram of the first node JP1 is shown in fig. 4, and the circuit diagram of the second node JP2 is shown in fig. 5.
The displacement positioning unit reads the timing data of the clock unit through the single bus DS1302_ IO. The DS1302_ SCSK and the DS1302_ RST are control pins.
The storage unit can be realized by a memory card SD card, is connected with the displacement positioning unit 14 through an SPI interface, receives a control command transmitted by the displacement positioning unit through the SPI interface, and performs storage control on received data according to the control command, wherein the storage format is a predefined data format and comprises recording time and recorded drilling rod drilling displacement data. Wherein, the control pin of the memory cell is respectively: SDOUT, SDSCK, SDDIN and SDCS; the SDOUT is used for controlling data output of the SD card; the SDSCK is a system clock for controlling the SD card; the SDDIN is SD card data input; and the SDCS controls the gating of the SD card. The circuit diagram of the memory cell is shown in fig. 6.
The storage format may be implemented according to a serial number, time and drilling distance, for example, if data is recorded in 2014 at 32 minutes and 48 seconds at 16 months and 9 months, and the drilling distance is 23cm, the storage format may be as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 storage Format of storage Unit
| Serial number | Time of day | Drilling distance (cm) |
| 1 | 20140901163248 | 23 |
Where, table 1 may include multiple lines of data, and the interval between each line of data may be set to 8 characters, which is a txt file.
And after the displacement coordinate of the drill rod is calculated by the displacement positioning unit, displaying the displacement of the drill rod through a display unit.
Specifically, the display unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit through a first connection point JP1 and a third connection point JP3, and the displacement data and the displacement direction of the drill rod are shared with the displacement positioning unit; and the displacement display module is used for displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
Here, the display unit may display the displacement data of the drill rod in real time by the control chip C8051F310, four common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, wherein the circuit diagram of the third connection point JP3 is shown in fig. 7; the circuit diagram of the control chip C8051F310 is shown in fig. 8, and the circuit connection diagrams of the common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are shown in fig. 9. The control chip C8051F310 is connected with a fifth connection point JP5 of the common-cathode four-segment nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 through a fourth connection point JP 4.
After the control chip C8051F310 acquires the seventh pulse signal F1 and the eighth pulse signal F2, the Q1, the Q2, the Q3 and the Q4 digital tubes are controlled to be turned on and off through the pins LED _ SW1, LED _ SW2, LED _ SW3 and LED _ SW4, so that the bit selection of the corresponding bit digital tubes is controlled respectively, and displacement data is displayed in real time. The nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 can be realized by MOS transistors BSS 123.
Here, the driving chip of the nixie tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 is HC595, and the control chip C8051F310 controls the driving chip HC595 through HC595_ SH, HC595_ ST and HC595_ DS pins to drive the corresponding field of each nixie tube.
Wherein the displacement positioning unit, the display unit and the second identification unit are powered by a power supply unit. The power supply unit may be implemented by a lithium battery.
In practical application, the displacement positioning unit can be realized by a singlechip C8051F 340.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A directional drill profile measurement positioning system, the system comprising:
the displacement signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring a displacement signal of the drill rod and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal;
the first identification unit is used for acquiring the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal;
a second identification unit for identifying a drill rod head signal of the drill rod;
and the displacement positioning unit is used for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal.
2. The positioning system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the clock unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and used for recording and calculating the time of the displacement coordinate of the drill rod and sending the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit.
3. The positioning system of claim 2, wherein the system further comprises:
the storage unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and used for storing the recording time and the displacement coordinate of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format;
and the display unit is connected with the displacement positioning unit and is used for displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
4. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the displacement signal acquisition unit is specifically configured to: and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal through an external coding unit.
5. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the first identification unit is specifically configured to: carrying out partial pressure and direction-distinguishing processing on the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal to obtain direction data of the drill rod; wherein,
the first displacement pulse signal phase precedes the second displacement pulse signal phase as the drill pipe advances;
when the drill rod retreats, the phase of the second displacement pulse signal is prior to the phase of the first displacement pulse signal.
6. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: a first detection unit and a second detection unit; wherein;
the displacement signal acquisition unit is further used for:
sending a first identification signal to the first detection unit, wherein the first detection unit generates a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; or,
sending a second identification signal to the second detection unit, wherein the second detection unit generates a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal;
the second identification unit determines that the drill rod head is a large end of the drill rod according to the first voltage signal, and the second identification unit determines that the drill rod head is a small end of the drill rod according to the second voltage signal.
7. The positioning system of claim 6, wherein the first voltage signal is not greater than the second voltage signal;
the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR 1.
8. The positioning system of claim 1, wherein the displacement positioning unit is specifically configured to:
recording a first number N1 of the first displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a forward state and recording a second number N2 of the second displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a backward state within a preset time;
calculating displacement data of the drill rod according to a formula of N1-N2-ERR0-ERR 1;
determining the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data of the drill rod;
determining a displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction; wherein,
one displacement pulse signal corresponds to a distance of 1 cm; the ERR0 is the walking error of the large end of the drill rod, and the ERR1 is the walking error of the small end of the drill rod.
9. A method for measuring and positioning a profile of a directional drill, the method comprising:
collecting a displacement signal of a drill rod, and converting the displacement signal into a first displacement pulse signal and a second displacement pulse signal;
collecting the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal, and acquiring direction data of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal;
identifying a drill pipe head signal of the drill pipe;
and calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill rod and the drill rod head signal.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: and recording the time for calculating the displacement coordinate of the drill rod, and sending the recorded time to the displacement positioning unit.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises: storing and recording time and the displacement coordinate of the drill rod in real time according to a preset storage format;
and displaying the displacement of the drill rod in real time according to the displacement coordinate of the drill rod.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the obtaining directional data of the drill rod from the first and second displacement pulse signals comprises:
carrying out voltage division and direction discrimination processing on the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal to obtain direction data of the first displacement pulse signal and the second displacement pulse signal; wherein,
the first displacement pulse signal precedes the second displacement pulse signal as the drill rod advances;
when the drill rod retreats, the second displacement pulse signal precedes the first displacement pulse signal.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein the identifying a drill pipe head signal of the drill pipe comprises:
sending a first identification signal, and generating a first voltage signal according to the first identification signal; or,
sending a second identification signal, and generating a second voltage signal according to the second identification signal;
and determining the drill rod head as a drill rod big head according to the first voltage signal, and determining the drill rod head as a drill rod small head according to the second voltage signal.
14. The positioning method of claim 13, wherein the first voltage signal is not greater than the second voltage signal;
the walking error of the large end of the drill rod is ERR0, and the walking error of the small end of the drill rod is ERR 1.
15. The positioning method of claim 9, wherein calculating the displacement coordinates of the drill pipe from the first displacement pulse signal, the second displacement pulse signal, the direction data of the drill pipe, and the drill pipe head signal comprises:
recording a first number N1 of the first displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a forward state and recording a second number N2 of the second displacement pulse signals of the drill rod in a backward state within a preset time;
calculating displacement data of the drill rod according to a formula of N1-N2-ERR0-ERR 1;
determining the displacement direction of the drill rod according to the direction data of the drill rod;
determining a displacement coordinate of the drill rod according to the displacement data and the displacement direction; wherein,
one displacement pulse signal corresponds to a distance of 1 cm; the ERR0 is the walking error of the large end of the drill rod, and the ERR1 is the walking error of the small end of the drill rod.
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