CN104611937B - A kind of method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by microwave cooperating nanometer silver - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to feather clean technologies field, disclose a kind of method that eider down is carried out deodorization and sterilization by microwave cooperating nanometer silver. The method comprises the following steps: mixed with sterilized water by the eider down after water washed, add nanometer silver mixing, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, microwave power is 200��400W, microwave exposure 1��6min, the mass ratio of eider down and nanometer silver is 1:0.5��1:4, and microwave exposure temperature is 38��50 DEG C; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing. Adopt microwave cooperating nanometer silver method of the present invention that eider down sterilizing rate can be reached 88.02%. The present invention adopts microwave cooperating nano zinc oxide material that eider down is carried out the new technology of deodorizing sterilizing, has that energy consumption is low, sterilizing efficiency is high and the feature such as environmentally friendly, meets the requirement of sustainable development, environmentally friendly Green Chemistry.

Description

A method for deodorizing and sterilizing down feathers with microwave and nano-silver

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feather cleaning, and relates to a new method for deodorizing and sterilizing down, in particular to a method for deodorizing and sterilizing down through microwaves and zinc oxide nanomaterials.

Background technique

Before the 1990s, the additives for washing feathers mainly relied on two oleochemical companies, Henkel of Germany and Shishi of Japan. Until 1990, feather and down detergents and deodorants were successively developed in China. At present, the quality of domestic detergents has basically reached the level of similar foreign products, but there is still a certain gap in sterilization and deodorants and finishing agents. How to shorten and eliminate these gaps as soon as possible has important practical significance and a better market prospect for China, a big down producing country.

Down is the flower-like fluff that grows on the abdomen of geese and ducks. It is different from the feathers in flakes. It is generally used directly as the stuffing of clothes to keep warm. my country is the world's largest producer, exporter and consumer of down and down products, with an annual output of about 200,000 tons of down and down, accounting for 80% of the world's output. Different from fabrics made of natural fibers or synthetic fibers, down is a kind of animal protein fiber with a relatively fluffy texture and high thermal insulation performance, which is more suitable for the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Therefore, if the washed feathers in down processing have trace dirt residues It has not been sterilized and deodorized, and once it gets wet, it is easy to breed bacteria. Feathers that have been washed but not deodorized after drying have some peculiar smells, mainly including: ① the fishy smell of the oil secreted by poultry sweat glands during the feather growth process, which is the main peculiar smell of feathers; ② the anaerobic bacteria in feathers and down fibers The smell of decomposed scale produced by decomposition. How to not only ensure the quality of down, but also reduce the cost and protect the environment has become a key technical issue in the down industry. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a safe, efficient, cheap and environmentally friendly down sterilization process.

The current deodorization methods can be divided into two types according to the mechanism: (1) physical deodorization; (2) chemical deodorization. Physical deodorants are deodorized by physical methods. No chemical changes occur during deodorization. Using the physical properties of deodorants or odors does not change the results of odor components, but only changes the local concentration of odors, or It is the relative concentration, and the common ones are adsorption deodorants, masking deodorants, etc. Adsorptive deodorants are generally activated carbon and diatomaceous earth. The disadvantage is that the adsorption is selective. For example, activated carbon has a poor deodorizing effect on ammonia, trimethylamine and other amines, and the deodorization speed is relatively slow. Masking deodorants use natural aromatic oils, fragrances and other substances to mask bad odors. It is mainly aimed at many difficult-to-remove odors or down materials that are difficult to deodorize. Mix several kinds of gas with air in proportion to reduce the odor, such as traditional fresheners. Although the physical deodorization method is simple, the effect is poor. The persistence is not good, and the odor components harmful to the human body cannot be effectively eliminated, and the odor actually still exists. Chemical deodorants use oxidation, reduction decomposition, neutralization reaction, addition reaction, condensation reaction, ion exchange reaction, etc. to change the produced malodorous substances into odorless substances to eliminate odors. The main chemical methods are: ①Use organic acids to neutralize organic alkaline substances such as amines. ② Amphoteric surfactants with the ability to selectively dissolve amines are used. ③ Use reducing agent to reduce and absorb some inorganic and organic matter oxidized by the atmosphere. ④ Use a coating sealant to cover the recessed part to isolate the source of the odor. This deodorization method will use more organic reagents, which will produce a large amount of organic waste water, thereby causing secondary pollution.

Microwave sterilization technology is an environmentally friendly green sterilization technology developed in recent years. It has the advantages of fast speed, energy saving, high efficiency and environmental protection. Microwave heating is different from traditional heating. Traditional heating is carried out from the surface to the inside through radiation, convection and conduction. The interaction between microwaves and organisms is a very complicated process, which is divided into thermal effects and non-thermal effects. . When organisms are irradiated by microwaves, the comprehensive biological effects produced after microwave transmission is absorbed by organisms, and under the same conditions, the lethal temperature of microwave sterilization is lower than that of traditional heat sterilization. According to the latest research, in addition to the thermal effect, there are also non-thermal biological effects during microwave sterilization. The two have a synergistic effect and kill microorganisms. The non-thermal effect of microwave means that there is no obvious temperature rise inside the organism, but it can produce a strong biological response, causing various physiological, biochemical and functional changes in the organism, leading to the death of bacteria and achieving the purpose of sterilization. The mechanism mainly includes the following: (1) In the microwave, nucleic acid and protein, the main components of food, can mutate and promote the death of microorganisms; (2) Medical research has found that microwaves can affect and interfere with the normal replication, transfer, synthesis and synthesis of DNA. (3) Food science research has found that common enzymes in food are more sensitive to microwaves; (4) From the perspective of cell biology, in the microwave field, the cell membrane can be mechanically damaged, making the intracellular substances outside (5) reduce the water activity and destroy the living environment of microorganisms; dipole molecules rotate and tend to line up in the interactive sedimentation tank, thereby causing changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of proteins, leading to bacterial problems Biological death has been used in food and medical fields, and can effectively kill bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. In addition, during the sterilization process, microwaves also have the effect of drying down. Nano-silver is recognized as the strongest nano-antibacterial agent. There are two possible antibacterial mechanisms of nano-silver: one is the contact reaction, and the contact reaction of silver ions destroys the common components of microorganisms or makes them malfunction. When trace amounts of silver ions come into contact with microbial cell membranes, because the latter is negatively charged, the two rely on Coulomb attraction to make them firmly combined. Silver ions penetrate the cell wall and enter the cell and react with -SH to solidify the protein and destroy the synthesis of the cell. activity, causing cells to lose their ability to divide and die. Silver ions can also hinder the normal operation of microorganisms' electronic transport, respiration, and material delivery systems. The second is the catalytic reaction, which means that the trace amount of silver on the surface of the material can catalyze the generation of active centers. Silver ions activate oxygen in the air or water to produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and reactive oxygen species (O ₂ ^- ). Inhibit the ability of microorganisms to reproduce and grow, thus playing an antibacterial effect. Because nano-silver is easy to attach to fabrics by coating or printing and dyeing, the antibacterial process becomes simple and effective. However, unlike fabrics, down has its own special shape and use method, which leads to the application of nano-silver in the field of sterilization and deodorization of down. At present, there are few studies, and there is no research and application of synergistic microwave and silver oxide nanomaterials for sterilization and deodorization.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for deodorizing and sterilizing down feathers with microwave and nano-silver.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for deodorizing and sterilizing down feathers with microwave and nano-silver, comprising the following steps: mixing the washed down with sterile water, adding nano-silver for mixing, using microwave irradiation to excite nano-silver, and the microwave power is 200 ～400W, microwave irradiation for 1～6min, the mass ratio of down and nano-silver is 1:0.5～1:4, and the microwave irradiation temperature is 38～50℃; then filter to obtain the deodorized and sterilized down.

The mass ratio of described down and nano-silver is preferably 1:3.

The time setting of the microwave irradiation is preferably 5 minutes.

The microwave power setting is preferably 300W.

The microwave irradiation temperature is preferably 50°C.

The filtrate obtained by the filtration is evaporated to remove water, and then dried at 80° C. to recover nano-silver, which is sterilized and recycled.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention is different from the nano-material "coating" and "printing and dyeing" processes reported before. The nano-silver is directly mixed with the cleaned down, and the process is simple and quick. Microwave irradiation is used instead of ultraviolet light irradiation, which avoids ultraviolet radiation. Uneven light irradiation, ozone pollution after irradiation, and drying of down after sterilization. The results show that nano-silver has a good antibacterial effect under microwave irradiation and can be recycled and reused. At present, there is no research and application of synergistic microwave and nano-silver for sterilization and deodorization.

(2) The sterilizing and deodorant used in the deodorization and sterilization of the down industry not only consumes a lot of water resources, but also produces a large amount of organic wastewater to form secondary pollution. The use of nano-silver material for sterilization has high sterilization rate and good safety performance, coupled with the synergistic and efficient sterilization and deodorization effect of microwaves, a new efficient and environmentally friendly sterilization and deodorization process has been formed.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The materials used in the following examples are:

Oil-soluble nano-Ag (Beijing Deke Daojin Technology Co., Ltd., purity greater than 99.95%);

95% alcohol (Tianjin Yongda Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., analytically pure);

Nutrient agar (Guangdong Huankai Microbial Technology Co., Ltd.);

All other reagents were of analytical grade (Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory).

The instruments used in the following examples are:

Portable steam sterilizer YX-280B (Jiangyin Binjiang Medical Equipment Factory);

HJ-6B six-connected magnetic stirrer (Jintan Baita Xinbao Instrument Factory);

WF-4000 Atmospheric Microwave Rapid Response System (Shanghai Yiyao Instrument Analysis Co., Ltd.).

Example 1

Wash 0.50g of down with sterile water, filter it with suction, transfer it to a digestion bottle filled with 50mL of sterile water, put it into a sterilized rotor, shake it well, and measure the total number of colonies in the down before microwave; add 0.50g The nano-silver is mixed, the nano-silver is excited by microwave irradiation, the microwave power is set to 100W, and the microwave irradiation temperature is 50°C; then filtered to obtain deodorized and sterilized down. The effect of microwave irradiation at different times on the antibacterial effect of microwave synergistic nanomaterial titanium is shown in Table 1.

The impact of table 1 microwave time on antibacterial effect

Under the same conditions above, only changing the microwave time, the antibacterial rate of microwave time 0.5min is only 30.6%; microwave time 7min antibacterial rate is only 46.1%.

Example 2

Wash the down with sterile water, filter it, transfer it to a digestion bottle filled with 50mL of sterile water, put it into the sterilized rotor, shake it well, and measure the total number of colonies in the down before microwave; add nano-silver to mix , using microwave irradiation to excite nano-silver, set the microwave power to 100W, the microwave irradiation temperature to 50°C, and the irradiation time to 1min; then filter to obtain deodorized and sterilized down. The impact of the different mass ratios of down and nano-silver on the antibacterial effect, the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 The effect of the mass ratio of down and nano-silver on the antibacterial effect

Under the same conditions above, only the mass ratio of down and nano zinc oxide is changed, the mass ratio is 1:0.25, the antibacterial rate is 0%; the mass ratio is 1:5, the antibacterial rate is only 51.1%.

Example 3

Wash 0.50g of down with sterile water, filter it with suction, transfer it to a digestion bottle filled with 50mL of sterile water, put it into a sterilized rotor, shake it well, and measure the total number of colonies in the down before microwave; add 0.50g The nano-silver is mixed, the nano-silver is excited by microwave irradiation, the microwave power is set to 100W, and the irradiation time is 2min; then filtered to obtain deodorized and sterilized down. The effect of different temperatures of microwave irradiation on the antibacterial effect of microwave synergistic nanomaterial titanium, the results are shown in Table 3.

The influence of table 3 temperature on the antibacterial effect

Under the same conditions above, only the microwave temperature is changed, and the microwave temperature is 35°C, and the antibacterial rate is 0%.

Example 4

Wash 0.50g of down with sterile water, filter it with suction, transfer it to a digestion bottle filled with 50mL of sterile water, put it into a sterilized rotor, shake it well, and measure the total number of colonies in the down before microwave; add 0.50g The nano-silver is mixed, the nano-silver is excited by microwave irradiation, the microwave irradiation temperature is set at 50°C, and the irradiation time is 1min; then filtered to obtain deodorized and sterilized down. The effect of different power microwave irradiation on the antibacterial effect of microwave synergistic nanomaterial titanium, the results are shown in Table 4.

The impact of table 4 microwave power on antibacterial effect

Example 5

After washing the down with water, mix it with sterile water, and measure the total number of colonies in the down before microwave; then add nano-silver to mix, and use microwave irradiation to excite nano-silver, microwave power is 300W, microwave irradiation 5min, down and nano-silver The mass ratio of silver is 1:3, and the microwave irradiation temperature is 50°C; then, it is filtered to obtain deodorized and sterilized down with an antibacterial rate of 88.02%.

Example 6

The filtrate obtained by the final filtration of Example 5 was evaporated to remove water, and then dried at 80°C to recover nano-silver. After sterilization, it was recycled to the following examples: the conditions were as in Example 5, and the antibacterial rate was 85.71%.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by a microwave cooperating nanometer silver, it is characterized in that including following operating procedure: mixed with sterilized water by the eider down after water washed, add nanometer silver to mix, adopt microwave exposure excitation nano silver, microwave power is 200��400W, the mass ratio of microwave exposure 1��6min, eider down and nanometer silver is 1:0.5��1:4, and microwave exposure temperature is 38��50 DEG C; Then filter, obtain the eider down after deodorizing sterilizing; The evaporation of described filtration gained filtrate removes moisture, then dries recovery nanometer silver at 80 DEG C, and sterilizing Posterior circle uses.

2. the method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by a kind of microwave cooperating nanometer silver according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mass ratio of described eider down and nanometer silver is 1:3.

3. the method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by a kind of microwave cooperating nanometer silver according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the time of described microwave exposure is set as 5min.

4. the method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by a kind of microwave cooperating nanometer silver according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described microwave power set is 300W.

5. the method that eider down is carried out deodorizing sterilizing by a kind of microwave cooperating nanometer silver according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described microwave exposure temperature is 50 DEG C.