CN104526836A - Solid inorganic powder 3D printing method based on selective laser melting technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a 3D printing method for solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology, the main steps of which include: the first step: fully mix the above three material powders according to the proportion requirements; the second step: mix the powder The material is evenly spread on the rapid prototyping machine and fully compacted; the third step: use the above-mentioned laser to selectively melt the relevant area, and when a layer is completed, the workbench rises to a layer thickness height; The first step and the third step until the part is formed. The present invention improves on the basis of this method, and proposes a new method process, which replaces the nozzle with a laser, and when the laser beam irradiates the powder surface so that the temperature reaches the melting point of the binder powder, the binder powder is melted Wrap the surrounding solid inorganic powder to form it.

Description

A 3D printing method of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and more specifically relates to a 3D printing method of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology.

Background technique

Additive manufacturing technology is also called rapid prototyping technology and 3D printing technology. It is based on digital model files and integrates the latest achievements in scientific fields such as CAD/CAM technology, laser processing technology, numerical control technology and new material technology One, using "bondable" materials such as powder and plastic, to construct a three-dimensional solid manufacturing technology by layer-by-layer printing. According to the different methods and types of materials used, 3D printing technology can be roughly divided into seven categories: stereolithography (SLA), layered entity manufacturing (LOM), fusion extrusion molding (FDM), and three-dimensional printing. technology (3DP), laser stereoforming (net near shaping LENS) method, selective laser melting technology (SLS) and selective laser melting technology (SLM). For non-metallic materials, we usually use three-dimensional printing technology (3DP). After the powder material and binder powder are fully mixed and evenly spread on the three-dimensional molding machine, the binder solution is sprayed to the designated area through the nozzle to bond The agent solution, the binder powder and the matrix powder are infiltrated by capillary, so that the surrounding powder can be solidified and formed

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new type of 3D printing method for solid inorganic powders, such as cement, stone and silicon carbide, which do not undergo surface modification when irradiated by laser light, and which have a simple process.

A 3D printing method of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology,

First, prepare solid inorganic powder materials, the formula of which is: solid inorganic powder, binder and additives;

Among them, the solid inorganic powder refers to the powder that does not undergo surface modification to laser irradiation; the binder is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder with a melting point of 200-300 °C; the additive is fumed silica powder;

Second, the ratio distribution of the solid inorganic powder material formula is as follows: the volume ratio of the above three materials is (4-6): 2:1, which can be adjusted according to different solid inorganic powder ratios;

Thirdly, the laser used in this method is a carbon dioxide laser, and the laser power ranges from 15 to 35W.

Fourth, the method adopted in the three-dimensional molding manufacturing method of solid inorganic matter is a selective laser melting method.

The steps of the 3D printing method of selective laser melting solid inorganic matter are as follows:

The first step: fully mix the three material powders described in claim 1 according to the proportioning requirements;

The second step: evenly spread the powder material on the rapid prototyping machine and fully compact it;

Step 3: Use the above-mentioned laser to selectively melt the relevant area. When a layer is completed, the workbench rises to a height of layer thickness;

Step 4: Repeat the second and third steps until the part is formed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention improves on the basis of this method, and proposes a new method process, which replaces the nozzle with a laser, and when the laser beam irradiates the powder surface so that the temperature reaches the melting point of the binder powder, the binder powder is melted Wrap the surrounding solid inorganic powder to form it. Compared with the general 3DP method, this method simplifies the method process. The general 3DP method has to go through the four stages of droplet formation, droplet impact on the surface of the powder, wetting of the droplet in the powder, and bonding and solidification of the powder. Process, method The process is relatively complex, controlled by many factors, and cannot guarantee the performance of the final molded part.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the 3D printing method of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention are described below to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art.

Example 1:

The material formula in this embodiment is: cement powder, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and fumed white carbon black powder.

A method for 3D printing of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Fully mix the above three material powders according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1;

The second step: evenly spread the powder material on the rapid prototyping machine and fully compact it;

Step 3: Use the laser to selectively melt the relevant area. The laser power used is 15W. After one layer is completed, the workbench rises to a height of layer thickness;

Step 4: Repeat the second and third steps until the part is formed.

Example 2:

The material formula in this embodiment is: stone material powder, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and fumed white carbon black powder.

A method for 3D printing of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Fully mix the above three material powders according to the volume ratio of 5:2:1;

The second step: evenly spread the powder material on the rapid prototyping machine and fully compact it;

Step 3: Use the laser to selectively melt the relevant area. The laser power used is 25W. When one layer is completed, the workbench rises to a height of layer thickness;

Step 4: Repeat the second and third steps until the part is formed.

Example 3:

The material formula in this embodiment is: silicon carbide powder, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and fumed silica powder.

A method for 3D printing of solid inorganic powder based on selective laser melting technology, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Fully mix the above three material powders according to the volume ratio of 6:2:1;

The second step: evenly spread the powder material on the rapid prototyping machine and fully compact it;

Step 3: Use the laser to selectively melt the relevant area. The laser power used is 35W. After one layer is completed, the workbench rises to a height of layer thickness;

Step 4: Repeat the second and third steps until the part is formed.

The invention has been described as an example above, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned method, as long as the method concept and technical solution of the present invention are adopted for this non-substantial improvement, or the concept and concept of the invention are not improved. If the technical solutions are directly used in other occasions, they all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1., based on a solid inorganic thing powder 3D Method of printing for selective laser melting technology, it is characterized in that:

The first, preparation solid inorganic thing dusty material, its formula is: solid inorganic thing powder, binding agent and additive;

Wherein, solid inorganic thing powder refers in particular to irradiate to laser the powder that surface modification does not occur; Binding agent selects fusing point to be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder of 200 ~ 300 DEG C; Additive selects gas-phase silica powder;

The second, the pro rate of solid inorganic thing dusty material formula is as follows: the volume ratio of above-mentioned three kinds of materials is (4-6): 2:1, can adjust to some extent according to different solid inorganic thing powder proportions;

3rd, the laser instrument that the method adopts is carbon dioxide laser, and laser power scope is 15 ~ 35W.

4th, the method that the three-dimensionally shaped manufacture method of this solid inorganic thing adopts is selective laser melting method.

2. the 3D Method of printing of selective laser melting solid inorganic thing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step of the 3D Method of printing of described selective laser melting solid inorganic thing is as follows:

The first step: three kinds of material powders according to claim 1 are fully mixed according to ratio requirement;

Second step: dusty material is evenly laid on rapidform machine, and fully compacting;

3rd step: utilize above-mentioned laser instrument optionally to melt relevant range, after completing one deck, workbench rises the height of a thickness;

4th step: repeat second step and the 3rd step, complete until product is shaping.