CN104169059B - Be formed for the method and apparatus of the fabric prefabricated component of composite by tensioning strands of material respectively - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosure is used to form the method and apparatus of fabric prefabricated component (20), and this fabric prefabricated component can be soaked with resin subsequently to form composite component (18). It is upper that one end of fabric (44) is received in drip molding (54), extends along cardinal principle with the axial strands of material (46) that makes fabric (44) perpendicular to the direction of the central axis (C-C) of this drip molding (54). At least some in multiple axial strands of material (46) are tensioning respectively on the end that is not attached to drip molding (54) of fabric (44), and by making fabric (44) and drip molding (54) relative to each other rotate fabric (44) is wound on to drip molding (54) around around central axis (C-C).

Description

Method and apparatus for forming fabric preforms for composite materials by separately tensioning tows

Cross References to Related Applications

This application claims U.S. Nonprovisional Patent Application 13, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Forminga Fabric Preform for a Composite Material By Separately Tensioning Tows," filed December 21, 2011 /333,596 priority. The content of this application is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth.

Statement of Federally Sponsored Research and Development

Not applicable.

Background technique

The present invention relates to the formation of fabric preforms for composite parts. In particular, the application relates to the treatment of fabrics to improve the quality of fabric preforms.

Composite components are often used in applications where a high strength-to-weight ratio is critical, such as aircraft components. Many structural composite parts can be formed by wrapping a high strength fabric around a form to create a part called a fabric preform, applying resin to the fabric preform, and then allowing the resin to cure to form the final composite part.

However, it is notoriously difficult to form fabric preforms without cracks that could compromise the structural integrity of the final composite part. During the winding process, the applied fabric becomes deformed, creating wrinkles or waves in the fabric preform. Any undesired bulky areas created prior to resin application can create inhomogeneities in the final part and produce less than ideal mechanical properties.

Therefore, there is a need for improved techniques for applying fabrics to forms, and more precisely to reduce and eliminate defective areas during winding.

Contents of the invention

Methods and apparatus for improving the application of fabrics to forms are disclosed herein. By separately tensioning each of the axial or hoop tows in the fabric during the winding or application of the fabric reduces or eliminates problems in fabric lay-up such as wrinkling, waviness or distortion compared to traditional winding techniques such defects. By improving the fabric structure and winding method, the resulting composites can have higher fiber-to-resin ratios and improved mechanical properties.

A method of applying a fabric having a plurality of axial tows around a form to form a fabric preform is disclosed. Resin can then be applied to the fabric preform to form a composite part. According to this method, one end of the fabric is received on the form such that the axial tow of the fabric extends in a direction generally perpendicular to the central axis of the form. At least some of the plurality of axial tows are respectively tensioned on ends of the fabric not attached to the form, and the fabric is wound around the form by rotating the fabric and form relative to each other about the central axis around.

Separate tensioning of at least some of the axial tows may enable differential payout of the axial tows relative to the remainder of the fabric during winding. Thus, the steps of separately tensioning at least some of the axial tows and wrapping the fabric around the form can occur simultaneously.

In some forms, the fabric may be a triaxially woven fabric comprising a plurality of axial tows and a plurality of biaxial tows. Tensioning the plurality of axial tows separately may cause at least some of the axial tows to slide relative to the biaxial tows. The method can also be applied where such slippage is not permitted, for example by the fabric structure or by the presence of adhesives or friction between the fibers or fiber bundles.

The form around which the fabric is received can have different shapes and geometries. The forming part may be a mandrel rotatable about a central axis. The form may be generally cylindrical or may be non-cylindrical with surfaces having different radial distances relative to the central axis.

The tensioning mechanism may be used to apply separate tensions to the axial tows. In one embodiment, separately tensioning each of the plurality of axial tows may be performed by connecting the axial tows to respective adapters or weights. To facilitate this connection, the ends of the plurality of axial tows may be attached to intermediate connectors that are coupled to corresponding adapters or weights. The intermediate connectors may be attached to wires extending from corresponding adapters or weights.

Other tensioning mechanisms may also be used to apply such separate tensions to the axial tows. In a preferred embodiment, there is one axial tow for each corresponding tensioning mechanism; however, it is contemplated that in some embodiments there may be multiple shafts attached to a single tensioning mechanism To the bundle of materials. In this case, multiple tensioning members would be required to allow differential payout of at least some axial tows relative to other axial tows (or groups of tows).

In some forms, the tensions applied to the axial tows may be substantially equal. However, in certain embodiments it may be useful to apply differential tension based on the geometry of the fabric preform to assist in the payout or sliding of the axial tow in certain areas of the fabric or fabric preform.

At least some of the axial tows can be let out at a different rate than the other axial tows. The payout rate of the different axial tows may be dictated at least in part by the local shape of the form around which the axial tows are wrapped, or the presence of local material configurations added to the preform.

For clarity, after winding, the axial tows become tows on the fabric preform commonly referred to as "wrap tows" since they extend in a generally hoop direction. Accordingly, the axial tows are described as such because they are aligned with the intended feed direction of the fabric.

Also disclosed is a fabric preform formed according to the methods described herein. In the above-described fabric preform, the fabric can be wound more tightly than in a fabric preform not formed by separately tensioning at least some of the plurality of axial tows. This allows for a higher fabric to resin volume ratio (also known as fiber volume ratio or fiber volume fraction) in the composite part formed after the resin is applied to the fabric preform.

Also disclosed is an apparatus for practicing the methods described herein. The apparatus comprises a form and a plurality of individual tensioning mechanisms arranged at a distance relative to the form. The form is adapted to receive one end of the fabric and has a central axis. The plurality of respective tensioning mechanisms are for respectively connecting at least some of the plurality of axial tows on the end of the fabric not initially received on the form. A plurality of individual tensioning mechanisms respectively apply tension to the axial tow when one end of the fabric is received on the form and at least one of the form and the fabric is rotated about the central axis to wind the fabric around the form .

In one form, the respective tensioning mechanisms may each include a corresponding adapter or weight. The respective tensioning mechanism may also include intermediate connectors for securing to the ends of the axial tows, wherein each intermediate connector is also coupled to a corresponding adapter or weight. Each adapter or weight may be configured to apply substantially similar tension to the axial tow.

The form may be a mandrel rotatable about a central axis, have a generally cylindrical shape, or have a non-cylindrical shape, with a non-circular form having surfaces at different radial distances from the central axis.

These and other advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. The following are only descriptions of some preferred embodiments of the present invention. Since these preferred embodiments are not intended to be the only embodiments falling within the scope of the claims, reference should be made to the appended claims for purposes of determining the full scope of the invention.

Description of drawings

1 is a partial side sectional view of a turbofan engine including a fan housing case and a fan case;

Figure 2 is an embodiment of a fabric preform for a fan containment case or fan housing;

Figure 3 is a fan containment housing or fan case similar to Figure 2 after a flange has been formed at the axial end of the generally tubular body;

Figure 4 is a partial view of the fabric preform shown in Figure 2, with a cutaway section;

FIG. 5 is a partial view of the fan housing or fan housing shown in FIG. 3 , with a cutaway section;

Figure 6 shows a triaxial fabric material that can be used to make fabric preforms and composite parts;

Figure 7 is a detailed view of a section of a triaxial fabric with axial or hoop tows extending from the ends of the fabric;

Figure 8 is a side sectional view of a triaxial fabric;

Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of an apparatus for forming a fabric preform while separately tensioning each axial tow;

Figure 10 is an embodiment of an intermediate connector that may be used to connect an axial tow to a tensioning mechanism;

Figure 11 shows a fabric with edge gussets for guiding strands of bias material in the fabric;

Figure 12 is a detailed view of the edge strip attached to the fabric as shown in Figure 11, which view provides further details of the attachment of the edge strip to the biaxial tow;

Figure 13 is a device for periodically cutting or shearing axial material strands;

Figure 14 is a side view of a portion of the flange showing the arrangement and spacing of some of the surrounding tow segments;

Figure 15 is a side view of an apparatus for continuously applying pressure during winding of a fabric preform by using a vacuum to draw a membrane against the preform;

Figure 16 is a partial perspective view of the apparatus shown in Figure 15, showing in greater detail the various components of the apparatus in a form; and

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 15 with a sliding seal between the rotating part of the form and the stationary part connected to the vacuum.

detailed description

The present invention relates to an improved method for producing textile preforms which can be further processed to produce composite parts or parts. Typically, once the fabric preform is wound, resin can be introduced into the fabric preform to form the composite part. The resin can be provided in any of a number of ways, including but not limited to injection molding and transfer molding such as resin transfer molding (RTM) and vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VART). After allowing the resin to cure, the high strength fibers in the fabric are held in place within the resin matrix to provide a composite material.

In the detailed description herein, some specific examples of fabric preforms and composite parts are provided, wherein composite parts for aircraft are described. However, the illustrated preforms and components should not be understood as the only preforms and components to which the described method is applicable. The methods described herein may also be used in the manufacture of non-aircraft composite parts, as well as any other process in which fabric is wrapped around a form to produce a fabric preform.

Referring first to FIG. 1 , a portion of a turbofan engine 10 for an aircraft is shown. The turbofan engine 10 includes a fan assembly 12 rotatable about a central axis A-A of the turbofan engine 10 to draw in air and ultimately generate propulsion. The fan assembly 12 has a central rotor 14 extending along a central axis A-A and including a plurality of blades 16 extending generally radially outward from the central rotor 14 .

The fan assembly 12 is at least partially surrounded by a fan containment housing 18 . The fan containment housing 18 is made of a high strength composite material such as fabric encapsulated in resin. For aircraft parts, fabrics can be made from carbon fiber materials, while resins can be epoxy or high-temperature resins such as bismaleimide or polyamide, to create parts that are stable at high temperatures, extremely strong and stiff . However, other fiber and resin materials may also be used depending on the requirements of the application. Some of these materials that can be used to construct composite materials are described in more detail below.

Fan containment case 18 helps prevent any projectiles from exiting turbofan engine 10 radially in a direction that could damage engine 10 or the aircraft. For example, if one of the blades 16 of the fan assembly 12 fails due to a “blade break” condition in which some or all of the blades 16 break away from the center rotor 14 , the fan containment housing 18 helps contain the broken portion of the blade 16 . Similarly, if a foreign object is drawn into the turbine engine 10 during intake, the fan containment housing 18 prevents a potentially devastating event if the object is launched radially outward after contacting the blades 16 .

FIG. 1 also shows a fan housing 19 attached behind the fan containment housing 18 . The fan housing 19 can be made of a similar material as the fan housing housing 18 and is continuous with the duct in which the engine bypass air flows.

Turning now to FIGS. 2 to 5 , there is shown a fabric preform 20 having axis B-B for fan containment housing 18 before and after flanges 22 are formed on axial ends 24 and 26 . The fabric preform 20 has a generally tubular body 28 extending between two axial ends 24 and 26 . The body 28 includes a radially inwardly facing surface 30 and a radially outwardly facing surface 32 which are in contact with the form or mandrel during forming. In the particular embodiment shown, body 28 includes a bend or bend portion 34 that separates body 28 of fan containment housing 18 into two portions of different diameters or radii. Paragraphs 36 and 38. These different diameter sections 36 and 38 may help to accommodate specific locations of blades 16 (such as shown in FIG. 1 ), and may also be used to direct airflow through turbofan engine 10 . The bend or bend portion 34 is conceptually a structural feature in the body 28 that extends at least partially in a radial direction.

As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 , the fabric preform 20 for the fan containment housing 18 may be shaped such that the axial ends 24 and 26 are thinner than the remainder of the generally tubular body 28 to allow for axial Towards ends 24 and 26 are defined a front body flange region 40 . These precursor flange areas 40 may be bent upwardly at line 41 of FIG. 4 prior to resin introduction to form flanges 22 for attaching the fan containment housing 18 to adjacent components in the final assembly. Similarly, these precursor flange regions 40 may be bent downward at line 41 on FIG. 4 to form flanges 22 . However, it is also envisioned that the flange 22 may be formed simultaneously with the winding of the fabric by employing the fabric handling techniques described below. Similarly, designs with only one flange at one of the ends 24 or 26 or even without flanges are conceivable.

The fabric preform 20 for the fan containment housing 18 includes a plurality of fabric wraps. The thickness of the fan containment housing 18 is dictated in part by the number of fabric layers and the fabric thickness. However, the roll quality and loft of the fabric can also affect the thickness of the fabric preform 20 and the resulting composite part. For example, a fully debulked fabric preform typically has an average thickness that is less than that of an insufficiently debulked fabric preform because imperfections in the fabric winding create irregular areas.

In order to understand the fiber structure of the fabric preform 20 in the fan containment housing 18, a preferred fabric for forming the fabric preform 20 will now be described in more detail with additional reference to FIGS. 6-8. In FIGS. 6-8 , the triaxial fabric 42 is shown comprising individual tows of fabric material that are woven together to form the fabric sheet 44 . The triaxial fabric 42 includes a plurality of circumferential or axial tows 46 and a plurality of biaxial tows 48 and 50 .

As used herein, a tow refers to a bundle or tow of fibers arranged to form a continuous length of material. Typically, for aircraft composite structures, these bundles are made of carbon fibers or graphite, which have good strength for their weight.

Circumferential or axial tows 46 are arranged generally parallel to each other. For simplicity, these tows 46 extend in a direction generally parallel to the direction in which the fabric sheet 44 travels as it is wrapped around the form or mandrel. Accordingly, these tows may be referred to as axial in terms of fabric feeding or winding. Since these tows 46 are rewound around the central axis of the form or mandrel, these tows 46 may also be referred to as "wrap tows" because once the fabric 44 is laid on the form, the tows 46 It extends around the shaped part in the circumferential direction.

The plurality of biaxial tows 48 and 50 includes two sets of tows oriented at positive angles with respect to the axial tow 46 and at negative angles with respect to the axial tow 46 , respectively. Biaxial tows 48 and 50 are alternately passed over and under axial tows 46 to form fabric sheet 44 best shown in FIG. 8 to form a braid in the fabric sheet. This means that the axial tow 46 extends substantially straight through the fabric sheet 44 . When the fabric sheet 44 is flattened, each set of tows in the two sets of biaxial tows 48 and 50 are generally parallel to each other (i.e., the individual tows of the first set of biaxial tows 48 are parallel to each other, and the tows of the second set of biaxial tows 48 are individual tows in shaft tows 50 are parallel to each other).

While a triaxial fabric has been described and provided the base material for producing the fabric form 20 of the example composite component illustrated in the fan containment housing 18 , it is contemplated that other types of fabrics may also be used in some of the methods used herein. Accordingly, it should be understood that while some techniques may be inherently limited by the characteristics of the fabric, other types of fabric may be used. For example, if the fabric does not contain axial tows, separate and independent tensioning of the hoop tows cannot be easily implemented.

Turning now to FIGS. 2 through 5 and more particularly to FIGS. 4 and 5 , multiple layers of triaxial fabric 42 are wound over each other to create fabric preform 20 . The triaxial fabric 42 is disposed in the fabric preform 20 such that the axial tow 46 extends along the circumferential direction of the fabric preform 20 and is generally perpendicular to the axis B-B, while the biaxial tows 48 and 58 are generally helically disposed at approximately around the tubular body 28 .

Generally, to form the fabric preform 20, one end of the fabric 44 is received on the form such that the axial strands of the fabric extend in a direction generally perpendicular to the central axis of the form. The fabric 44 is then wrapped around the form, typically by rotating the form to pull the fabric 44 over the form, to lay down the layers of fabric 44 (albeit while the form remains stationary or while the form is also rotating. The free end of the fabric can be looped around the form). During such winding, the fabric 44 may be debulked periodically or continuously using the equipment and processes described below.

To form the relatively thinner portions in the precursor flange region 40, the fabric 42 may be cut prior to laying the fabric 42 on the form. In this way, fewer layers of triaxial fabric 42 are laid on the axial ends of the form.

Various improvements to the winding process will now be described that help provide a fabric preform with a fabric structure that facilitates the formation of stronger composite parts. The described method enables better control of the fabric during the winding process and improves continuous debulking of the preform while winding the fabric. This means that the resulting fabric preforms are wound more tightly, have less expansion than preforms made using conventional winding methods, and have fewer wrinkles and waves in the fabric preforms so wound . When a composite part is formed by applying resin to a preform, the final composite part has a higher fabric-to-resin volume ratio, which improves the strength-to-weight ratio of the composite part, and Provides a more consistent fabric structure within parts.

Turning to FIG. 9 , there is shown a winding apparatus 52 which can be used to wind the fabric 44 around the form 54 while simultaneously tensioning each axial or hoop tow 46 separate and independent from each other. The winding apparatus 52 includes a form 54 having a central or axis of rotation C-C and a table 56 spaced from the form 54 and supporting a plurality of separate tensioning mechanisms 58 .

In the illustrated embodiment, the forming member 54 is a rotatable mandrel that receives one end of the fabric 44 thereon. The receiving of the end of the fabric 44 can be accomplished in any of a variety of ways, including, for example, attaching one end of the fabric 44 to the Forming part 54 . The fabric 44 can also be held on the form 54 by wrapping the fabric 44 around the form 54 at least one full turn and then holding the fabric 44 taut so that the tension of the fabric 44 wrapping around itself The fabric 44 is thus received on the form 54 .

As shown, the form 54 has a cylindrical shape (i.e., has a constant radius over the axial length of the form 54 over which the fabric is wound, thereby defining an outwardly facing cylindrical shape centered on the axis C-C. surface 60). However, in other embodiments, the form 54 may have a different shape. For example, the form may have a square or rectangular cross-section which results in the fiber preform having a tubular rectangular shape. In another example, the form may have a radius that varies over at least a portion of the axial length of the form. This variable radius may be used to form a flexure such as that seen on the fan containment housing 18 shown in FIG. 1 .

In the other half of the winding device 52 it can be seen that the tensioning mechanism 58 is unrolled or rolled out on the table 56 . Each tensioning mechanism 58 has a wire 62 fed therefrom. Each of these threads 62 is at the free end 64 of the fabric 44 (that is, the end of the fabric 44 opposite the end of the fabric 44 that was initially wound around or received on the form 54 so that the axial material Tow 46 extends from one end to the other end) is coupled to one of the axial tows 46. The wires 62 from the tensioning mechanism 58 are fed through a guide or comb 66 such that each wire 62 is generally collinear with the corresponding axial tow 46 to which the wire 62 is coupled. In this manner, each tensioning mechanism 58 having a dimension substantially greater than the dimension of the axial tow 46 may be spaced from one another on the table 56 and provide sufficient clearance for the travel of the wire 62 .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, each tensioning mechanism 58 is a magnetic clutch. Each magnetic clutch has a spool that feeds the wire 62 therefrom. During this payout of the wire 62, the magnetic clutch provides a controllable resistance against the rotation of the spool as the wire 62 is pulled or unwound from the spool. Since each wire 62 is attached to the axial tow 46, each axial tow 46 is tensioned and paid out separately and independently, for example as will be described in more detail below.

As used herein, "separately tensioning" an axial tow means that the axial tow is tensioned independently of at least some of the other axial tows in the fabric. In a preferred embodiment, each axial tow in the fabric is tensioned separately from one another. This separate tensioning can cause the one or more axial tows 46 to slide within the biaxial tows 48 and 50 of the fabric 44 . In other forms, however, separate tensioning of axial tows can be performed in groups. For example, two or more axial tows may be tensioned independently of other tows. This can be beneficial in minimizing the size and/or cost of the winding equipment. Paying out individually means that the bundles can be paid out at different lengths. One tow can be fed at a different rate than the other tow, at least for a certain period of time.

Turning now to the illustrated embodiment of the winding apparatus 52 in FIG. 9, while each axial tow 46 is individually tensioned, this does not necessarily mean that each axial tow 46 receives a different tension. In practice, tensioning mechanism 58 may be set to provide the same tension, or substantially the same tension, for each axial tow 46 . Due to differences in the shape of the fabric 44 itself or of the form 54 over its axial length, maintaining a constant axial tension on the individual axial tows 46 individually causes axial tows to be played out differentially in the fabric 44 46. Conversely, if the fabric 44 is clamped across its entire width, the clamping force will inhibit the movement of the axial strands of the fabric 46 relative to each other or their respective payout.

The ability to have differential payout of the axial tows 46 can be used to improve the quality and consistency of the fabric preform 20 . While the individually tensioned fabric requires very careful alignment relative to the form to prevent uneven winding of the fabric, the disclosed winding apparatus 52 is more forgiving and can accommodate greater misalignment. Furthermore, since the axial tows 46 can slide relative to each other, forms that have different cross-sections across their width can be better accommodated because the shaft wrapped around a portion of the form that has a shorter perimeter More can be paid out to the tow 46 than the axial tow 46 wrapped around a portion of the form having a longer perimeter. This may be the case for the forming of the fabric preform 20 used to produce the fan containment housing 18 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 .

It is contemplated that the wire 62 from the tensioning mechanism 58 may be directly connected to the axial tow 46, or the axial tow 46 may be connected to the wire 62 via an intermediate connector. When an intermediate connector is used, it can be attached to both the wire 62 and the axial tow 46 . The connection of the intermediate connectors to the corresponding wires 62 is achieved in a manner that preserves the integrity of the wires 62 by using some kind of connector. An intermediate connector may be used to reversibly connect the axial tow 46 to the wire 62 since the direct connection may involve tying or gluing the wire to the axial tow and is difficult to separate without sacrificing a length of wire. .

One type of intermediate connector 68 is partially shown in FIG. 10 . The intermediate connector 68 includes a pair of backing plates 70 with holes 72 . Shim plates 70 are provided on each side of the end 74 of the axial tow 46 and are then brought together to sandwich the end 74 of the axial tow 46 therebetween. In some forms, the backing plate 70 may be used in conjunction with an adhesive to attach to the axial tow 46 . In other forms, one or more backing plates 70 may be magnetically attracted toward each other. In yet other forms, mechanical pressure may be applied to the backing plates 70 such that the backing plates grip the ends 74 of the axial tows 46 . The hook 76 tied to the end of the wire 62 may then be introduced through the hole 72 in the backing plate 70 to temporarily couple the backing plate 70 to the wire 62 of the tensioning mechanism 58 .

Since the fabric can be wound more tightly than a fabric preform not formed by separately tensioning at least some of the plurality of axial tows, the fabric formed after applying the resin to the fabric preform Higher fabric to resin volume ratios can be achieved in composite parts.

Referring now to FIGS. 11 and 12 , edge strips 78 a , 78 b , 78 c , and 78 d are shown that can be attached to the ends of the biaxial tows 48 and 50 of fabric 44 . When these edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d are attached to the ends of the biaxial tows 48 and 50, the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d can be moved to better control shear within the fabric. corners and guide individual strands. This represents yet another mode of manipulating the fabric 44 before and during winding of the fabric preform 20 to control the fiber structure.

Each of the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d is attached to the end of one of the sets of biaxial tows 48 or 50 on one of the lateral edges 80 and 82 of the fabric 44 . The lateral edges 80 and 82 are "lateral" with respect to the feed direction of the fabric 44 on the form 54 (shown by arrow D in FIG. 11 ), which is generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation C-C of the form. In the form shown, as can be seen, for example, in FIG. A strip 78b is attached to one end of the second set of biaxial tows 50 . On the other lateral edge 82 of the fabric 44 (the lateral edge is opposite to the first lateral edge 80), the edge strip 76c is attached to the other end of the first set of biaxial tows 48, and the edge strip 76c 76d is attached to the other end of the second set of biaxial tows 50 .

Edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d can be attached to the ends of a respective set of tows in any of a number of ways. For example, edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may be adhered to the tow. In another example, edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may each include multiple components that clamp together under applied force to grip the ends of the tow.

In the illustrated embodiment, edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d each have a row of openings 84 formed therein that are engageable, for example, with a series of hooks to selectively and independently move Edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d. These hooks can be used to move edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d forward or backward relative to fabric 44 (ie, parallel or antiparallel to arrow direction D, respectively), and/or move relative to fabric 44. The movement is laterally outward (ie, perpendicular to the direction of arrow D in the plane of the fabric 44). Other or alternative engagement means for edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may also be used, such as, but not limited to, sprockets.

These edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d can be controlled independently of each other. Since these edge strips are attached to two sets of diagonal tows (in the form shown, the two sets of diagonal tows are the first and second sets of biaxial tows 48 and 50), the first set of diagonal tows can Independently of the second set of diagonal tows is governed by four edge gussets 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d. By moving one or more of the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d, the attached set of biaxial tows 48 and 50 to produce fabric preform 20. This directing of the biaxial tows 48 and 50 can be used to direct the tows for performance purposes, or to induce shear in the fabric 44 in a manner that is beneficial to the formation of the fabric preform 20 and the resulting composite part. Shear or stress.

It will be appreciated that in order to adequately guide the biaxial tow as it is wound onto the form, it may be desirable to maintain the force on the edge strips until the entire tow is placed on the form. Thus, it may be the case that the end of the biaxial tow that is first received on the form can be held until the second end is also received on the form. Since the biaxial or skewed tows are at an angle relative to the feeding direction of the fabric, this means that the tows need to be kept at a distance after being received on the form.

Several examples of movement of the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d will now be described to highlight the possible ways in which the fabric 44 may be handled. These examples are intended to be illustrative, but not the only examples of how edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may be employed.

To induce stress or shear in the fabric 44, one or more of the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may travel (ie, advance) or retreat (ie, lag) relative to the fabric 44 to control the corresponding attachment. and change the angle between the first set of skewed strands and the second set of skewed strands. For example, the edge strip 78a may advance in the direction indicated by arrow A relative to the feed direction D of the fabric 44, while the edge strip 78c may recede in the direction indicated by arrow R relative to the feed direction D of the fabric 44 to The angle between the axial tows 46 and the first set of biaxial tows 48 is reduced. This would, for example, produce an angular displacement in the set of biaxial beams 48 of from -60 degrees to -50 degrees. Simultaneously, the edge strip 78b may recede relative to the feed direction D of the fabric 44 and the edge strip 78d may advance relative to the feed direction D of the fabric 44 to reduce the axial tow 46 and the second set of biaxial tows 50 angle between. Again, this produces a variation from +60 degrees to +50 degrees. This has the effect of narrowing fabric 44 and scissoring biaxial tows 48 and 50 to reduce the lateral spacing between axial tows 46 . This results in differential spacing of the axial tows 46 depending on the shape of the forming member 54 and the magnitude of the localized shear forces induced on the fabric 44 .

Alternatively, each edge strip 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d can move in opposite directions (i.e., forward rather than backward, and vice versa) so that the biaxial tows 48 and 50 have a variable relative to the axial tow 46. big angle. This causes the fabric 44 to effectively widen upon application of motion to the edge gussets 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d.

In another example, edge gussets 78 a , 78 b , 78 c , and 78 d may be pulled laterally outward in the direction indicated by arrow L to maintain taut across the width of fabric 44 . This may be done together with or separately from the advancement or retreat of the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d.

It is contemplated that each edge strip 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may have a force applied to that edge strip, wherein the direction of the applied force at any location is along a 180 degree arc in the plane of the fabric 44 From a purely traveling direction A to a purely counter-direction R, and the force passes through a laterally outward direction L. Basically, this means that a force having a resultant force in (A or R) and/or L direction can be applied to each edge strip 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d. Depending on the device applying the force to the edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d, the force or forces are applied in separate discrete vectors or a single combined vector in the (A or R) and/or L directions.

Ultimately, this means that each edge strip 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d can move or remain stationary independently with respect to the direction D and speed of fabric feed to provide multiple modes of fabric treatment. Each of the four edge gussets 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d is capable of advancing, retreating, remaining stationary, and/or moving laterally outward relative to the fabric feed direction D, as described above. Additionally, the forward/rearward movement of each edge strip 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d can be combined with a laterally outward force so that each edge strip 78a can be pulled in any direction within 180 degrees in the plane of the fabric , 78b, 78c and 78d. Since all four edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c and 78d can be individually controlled, there are many combinations of forces that can be applied.

While four edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d are shown, it is contemplated that fewer than four edge strips 78a, 78b, 78c, and 78d may be used to guide or direct the tow. For example, a single edge gusset may be used to guide or direct one end of a single set of tows. In another example, a pair of edge strips may be attached to only a single lateral edge of the fabric such that each edge strip is attached to one of the set edges of each set of bias fibers. A local shear force can then be induced on that side of the fabric by advancing one of the edge strips and retreating the other.

This local deformation of the fabric can be exploited during winding of complex shapes. For example, if a bend or some other structural feature is present on the form 54, the oblique fibers can be controlled or directed to better contour the surface (e.g., have fewer wrinkles, lay flatter on the form) etc). This can be done, for example, by selectively inducing shear forces to facilitate the formation of structural features on the fabric preform 20 .

In addition, the shape or contour of the fabric 44 can be retained or locked into the fabric 44 in the fabric preform 20 by applying a certain amount of tension or force to the diagonal or biaxial strands as the fabric 44 is laid down on the form 54 . This means that the fabric 44 can be coaxially formed into shapes and contours that are difficult (if not impossible) to obtain using conventional winding techniques, and then stabilized into this configuration by further winding, which firstly maintains the shape and profile in the stressed condition. The underlying fibers and ultimately hold the resin applied. As the stresses are naturally released from the fabric, unless the aforementioned shape of the fabric is captured on the form during winding, the fabric will tend to fold back towards its original relatively generally flat state.

It should be understood that some consideration needs to be made to balance the strength of the various forces applied to the fabric. The force applied to the oblique or biaxial tow should be large enough to overcome the forces used to keep the fabric taut in the feed or process direction. If the force applied to the oblique or biaxial tows of the fabric is too small, the strength of the force used to keep the fabric taut can overcome the forces applied to the oblique or biaxial tows of the fabric and cancel their effect.

Thus, fiber preforms and composite parts can be formed using this method with heretofore unseen tow structures in the fabric thus laid up.

In some embodiments, the fabric preform comprises a first volume and a second volume, the first and second sets of oblique or biaxial tows are disposed in the first volume at a first angle relative to each other, and the first set and a second set of oblique or biaxial beams are disposed in the second volume at a second angle relative to each other, and the first angle is different from the second angle. This means that the fabric can be stretched selectively over certain areas of the form to meet the selected geometry.

In other embodiments, the oblique or biaxial tows are under stress induced by changing the orientation of these oblique or biaxial tows compared to the relaxed fabric, and the induced stress is locked to the fabric during winding Preforms to maintain oblique or biaxial beam orientation. Although the induced stress or shear will be uniform throughout the preform, this will still induce stress or shear in the fabric of the preform.

In some embodiments, structural features may be formed on the fabric preform, such as folds, extending at least partially in a radial direction relative to the central axis of the fabric preform, or changing in diameter.

As noted above, any so-laid tow structure can be locked in place by applying resin to the fabric preform and allowing the resin to cure to form a composite part.

It should be understood that this edge treatment of fabrics can be practiced with any type of fabric having at least two sets of bias fibers. For example, it can be practiced with twill weave fabrics, biaxial fabrics, and triaxial fabrics. If the fabric is a triaxial fabric 42 as described herein, one set 48 of the two sets of biaxial tows consists of the first set of bias tows, while the other set 50 of the two sets of biaxial tows consists of the second set of biaxial tows. Diagonal material bundle composition. In a preferred embodiment, the tow includes carbon fibers commonly used in aircraft composite components.

A third method of processing the fabric to form a fabric preform and its resulting composite part will now be described. According to this third method, the fabric 44 wrapped around the form 54 has surrounding tows 46 and these surrounding tows 46 can be divided into individual sections to allow improving the flexibility of the fabric 44 . This improved flexibility due to the separation of the hoop tow segments facilitates the formation of structural features (eg, forming flanges) that particularly require higher amounts of deformation or stretching.

According to a general approach, one end of the fabric 44 is received on the form 54 such that the surrounding tow 46 of the fabric 44 extends in a direction generally perpendicular to the central axis C-C of the form 54, such as shown generally in FIG. The fabric 44 is then wound around the form 54 by rotating the fabric 44 and the form 54 relative to each other about the central axis C-C of the form 54 . During or after winding, at least some of the hoop tows 46 are separated into hoop tow segments while the fabric 44 is under tension, stress, or shear. Such separation can create spaces along the length of the hoop tow 46 between the ends of adjacent hoop tow segments.

Advantageously, by dividing at least some of the hoop tows into hoop tow segments to create spaces between adjacent hoop tow segments, increased deformation of the fabric can be accommodated during formation of the fabric preform. Furthermore, the adaptation described above occurs while still maintaining the presence of hoop tow sections in at least some portions of the fabric for strength reasons.

In light of the foregoing, in order to form structural features such as flange 22 that require a high degree of fabric deformation, it may be necessary to remove hoop tow 46 from the section of fabric 44 that is to be formed into the aforementioned structure. This is because encircling the tow 46 generally inhibits the formation of radially extending features to be formed, such as the flange 22, because the act of bending the precursor flange region 40 into the flange 22 will largely Obstructed by hoop tows 46 in initial fabric preform 20 . However, the removal of the hoop tows 46 leaves certain areas of the fabric preform 20 with only the biaxial tows 48 and 50, and makes these areas relatively weaker than the remainder of the part.

It has been found that it is desirable to modify the fabric 44 so that the hoop tow 46 can be selectively separated under tension, stress, or shear so that the hoop tow 46 can be retained in a composite part such as a flange and the like without impairing the ability to form structural features in the first case.

The wrapping tow 46 can be made separable by preparing the fabric 44 prior to winding. In some embodiments, at least some of the hoop tows 46 are stretch broken at periodic intervals to define hoop tow segments. In other embodiments, the hoop tow 46 can be cut at periodic intervals to define hoop tow segments.

Turning now to Figure 13, there is shown apparatus 86 for cutting hoop tow 46 into hoop tow segments 87 at periodic intervals. The apparatus 86 includes a pair of rollers 88 and 90 between which the fabric 44 can be fed. One drum 88 of the pair of drums has radially extending blades or punches 92 that can be used to selectively cut the surrounding tow 46 . Although not shown, the drum 90 may have corresponding slots for the punches 92 of the drum 88 to be received therein (to ensure a complete cut), or the drums 88 and 90 may be sufficiently spaced such that there is a gap between the drums 88 and 90. A gap between the rollers is formed between the rollers through which the blade 92 can pass. Although not shown, it is contemplated that the skew fibers or biaxial tows 48 and 50 may be separated to provide access to the surrounding tow 46 prior to cutting the surrounding tow 46 such that for biaxial tows 48 and 50 have the least damage.

By having the punches 92 spaced apart both on the axial length of the drum 88 and on the periphery of the drum 88, the spacing of the cuts 94 in the web 44 around the tow 46 can be selected at periodic intervals. Depending on the shown spacing of the punches 92 on the drum 90 , the separation points in a hoop tow are offset (out of phase) from those in adjacent hoop tows in the direction of extension of the hoop tow. This periodic spacing of slits 94 can be beneficial because once a space or gap is created in the process of forming fabric 44, the separation gap between two hoop tow segments in one hoop tow can be replaced by the corresponding Adjacent to the hoop tow segment in the hoop tow.

For example and with additional reference to FIG. 14 , a side view is shown after flange 22 has been bent, with encircling tow 46 schematically shown (but biaxial tow omitted for clarity). As shown, in each portion of the flange 22 that is subjected to shear forces, some of the hoop tows 46 separate into hoop tow segments 87 such that adjacent hoop tows 46 are formed along the length of the hoop tows 46. Spaces are created between the ends of the segments. In the event of locally applied tension or tension, each hoop tow 46 is capable of breaking and/or separating at a separation point to relieve the tension.

The spacing between hoop tow segments 87 can vary throughout the preform 20 (or resulting part 18). For example, near the inner periphery 96 of the flange 22, there are cuts 94 around the tow 46, but these cuts are minimally, if at all, separated. Near the outer perimeter 98, however, the desired deformation of the fabric 44 during formation may require the hoop tow 46 to expand into hoop tow segments 87 with gaps or spaces 100 therebetween. As shown, these spaces 100 between the hoop tow sections 87 are larger in the region of the flange 22 where the fabric 44 experiences an increased diameter dimension. Furthermore, because the cuts 94 are out of phase with each other, gaps or space lines are avoided, which prevents lines of weakness from being created in the final composite part.

To ensure that the gap 100 is adequately covered and that the hoop tow segment 87 remains within the fabric 44, the hoop tow segment 87 may be selected to at least some minimum length depending on the width or diameter of the tow. For example, in one embodiment, the length of the hoop tow segment 87 is not less than 10 times the width of the hoop tow.

The amount of separation or spacing of the gaps 100 between the hoop tow segments 87 can be significant rather than insignificant. For example, the gap 100 between the hoop tow segments 87 would be at least as long as the width of the fabric tow. In yet another example, the total length of the gap 100 formed after separation of the hoop tow including the hoop tow segment 87 may exceed that of the same hoop tow without the provided separation point in the hoop tow due to the applied tension. The maximum length under the action of elastic deformation.

Furthermore, it should be noted that in preparing the fabric 44, only certain areas of the fabric 44 may be prepared with detachable surrounding tows 46. For example, in the example of the fabric preform 20 for the fan containment housing 18, only the front body flange region 40 and/or the flexure 34 may be prepared with separable wraparound strands, since these regions are the only Some require the creation of zones of increased levels of fabric shear and stretch. The generally cylindrical portions of the body may have standard inseparable surrounding bundles 46 to maximize structural strength in these areas.

It is conceivable that in fabrics with separable encircling tows, certain structural features may be formed during the winding process that are normally difficult to produce. For example, flange 22 may be formed in the so laid-up preform by directing a fabric with selectively separable surrounding tows (and may further use the edge strip technique described above to cause biaxial tows 48 and 50 to move), It is not necessary to bend the preform again to obtain this structural feature.

It is also envisioned that the fabric structure can be modified to limit the relative placement of hoop tow segments 87 in adjacent hoop tows. For example, lateral connecting lines can be individually bonded to each adjacent hoop tow segment 87 to hold them together. If the connection of the wire to the hoop tow segments 87 is greater than the force required to separate the hoop tow segments 87 from each other in a particular hoop tow, the lateral connecting thread will generally limit the movement of the hoop tow segments 87 relative to each other. layout and spacing. This can be used, for example, to suppress the formation of a single larger gap rather than multiple smaller gaps in the hoop tow. Furthermore, where the separation points are intentionally set to be offset from each other, such lateral connecting threads can be used to ensure that these gaps do not form lines of weakness.

Accordingly, there is provided a fabric preform or composite part comprising a body formed of fabric and at least one structural feature formed in the body. At least some of the hoop tows in the structural features (eg, flanges in the fan containment housing) are divided into hoop tow segments spaced apart from each other along the length of the hoop tow. To take advantage of the benefits of an expandable or divisible hoop tow, the structural feature (comprising the hoop tow) may extend at least partially in a radial direction away from the central axis of the body. Furthermore, some of the hoop tows in the base fabric may be separable, while others may be inseparable, to maximize the strength of the structure.

Finally, the method of continuously debulking fabric preforms may be employed separately from or in combination with one or more of the fabric treatment techniques described herein.

Referring now to Figures 15 to 17, an apparatus 102 for continuously debulking a fabric preform is shown. As the fabric is laid down, the device applies compressive pressure to a portion of the top layer of fabric.

Looking first at the simplified view shown in FIG. 15 , the apparatus 102 includes a forming member 104 rotatable about a central axis D-D for receiving fabric 44 for a fabric preform 20 . In some respects, the form 104 is similar to some other forms in which the fabric 44 is drawn onto the form for wrapping the fabric preform 20 .

However, the apparatus 102 differs from typical winding apparatus in that the apparatus is also configured to simultaneously advance the film 106 around at least a portion of the forming part 104 . The film 106 is fed from a film supply spool 108 and has a film path that extends to the form 104, around at least a portion of the form 104 (approximately 300 degrees as shown), around the intermediate roll 110, and onto a film take-up reel 112 spaced apart from the forming part 104. The membrane 106 is arranged radially outside the form 104 such that the fabric 44 of the fabric pre-form 20 is trapped between the membrane 106 and the form 104 . Since the film 106 only extends around a portion of the form 104 before traveling onto the take-up reel 112 , the film 106 is not made into part of the fabric preform 20 but surrounds a part of the fabric preform 20 .

The film 106 and fabric 44 may be fed together onto the form 104 such that the film 106 is disposed outside of the fabric 44 relative to the form. In this way, it can be considered that the film 106 acts as a backing for the carrier fabric 44 when the film is initially wound onto the form 104 .

Referring now additionally to FIGS. 16 and 17 , further details of the device 102 are shown. Specifically, an evacuation arrangement is shown for drawing a vacuum between the form 104 and the membrane 106 so that the fabric 44 is compressed between the form 104 and the membrane 106 .

It should be noted that, for evacuation, a seal should be formed in the form 104 at the lateral or axial ends between the form 104 and the diaphragm. In the illustrated embodiment, since the form 104 is generally cylindrical, the seal extends on an arc of a circle.

Other locations that need to be "sealed" are (1) at the point where the fed fabric initially comes into contact with the form 104 (or where the fabric 44 has been wrapped around the form) and (2) where the film 106 contacts the form. A line transverse to the fabric feed path at the point where the outer perimeter of the piece separates. By keeping the diaphragm 106 and fabric 44 taut, these lines create a false seal through which a small amount of gas can pass.

A vacuum source (shown by arrow 114 ) is used to draw a vacuum between the diaphragm 106 and the form 104 . The vacuum causes the membrane 106 to be drawn towards the form 104 thereby applying compressive pressure to the outer facing surface of the fabric being wound into the fabric preform 20 .

In the particular embodiment of apparatus 102 shown, a vacuum is drawn through a portion of form 104 . As best shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the forming member 104 includes a fixed portion 116 and a rotating or rotatable portion 118, both of which are generally annular due to the shape of the forming member 104. . As shown, the rotating portion 118 includes a central section 120 with lateral sections 122 fixedly connected at the ends of the central section. The outwardly facing surfaces of the central section 122 and the lateral sections 122 generally define the surface of the form 104 around which the fabric 44 is wrapped.

In cross-section, lateral section 122 is generally an inverted U-shaped channel. The lateral sections 122 include a plurality of openings 124 extending from an outwardly facing side of the lateral sections 122 (defining a portion of the form 104 ) to an inwardly facing side inside the "U" shaped channel.

In cross-section, the fixed portion 116 is a generally U-shaped channel that is roughly received in an inverted "U"-shaped channel. A pair of annular seals 126 is secured to one of the stationary portion 116 and the rotating portion 118 to form an annular vacuum chamber 128 therebetween. In the particular form shown, the seal 126 is attached to the fixed portion 116 and presses against the inwardly facing surface of the rotating portion 118 .

A series of vacuum lines 130 are connected to the stationary portion 116 and communicate with the vacuum chamber 128 . Through these vacuum lines 130 a vacuum can be drawn in the vacuum chamber 128 using the vacuum source 114 . Since opening 124 communicates with vacuum chamber 128 , the vacuum drawn in vacuum chamber 128 communicates with the area between diaphragm 106 and form 104 . When sufficient seals are provided on the lateral edges of the forming part 104 and on the line transverse to the fabric feed path, the vacuum causes the membrane 106 to be sucked down so that the membrane is applied to the partially wound fabric preform 20. Clamp the pressure.

In the form shown, the lateral seal is formed by axially placing a pair of raised washers 132 outside the portion of the former 104 around which the fabric 44 is wrapped. Some openings 124 are arranged between the gaskets 132 to arrange spaces communicating with the vacuum chamber 128 between the gaskets 132 . When a vacuum is drawn, the diaphragm 106 is drawn down onto the gasket 132 and forms a lateral seal.

Thus, using a debulking apparatus 102 of the type described above, compaction pressure can be continuously applied to the fabric during the formation of the fabric preform. First, one end of the fabric 44 is applied to the form 104 . Form 104 to which fabric 44 is applied is at least partially surrounded by film 106 , wherein film 106 extends along a film path from film supply reel 108 to form 104 and around at least a portion of form 104 . The fabric and film 106 are fed onto the form 104 such that while the film 106 is fed around the form 104 (but not forming part of the preform 20), the fabric 44 is wrapped around the form 104 to form the fabric Formed part 20. During such feeding, a vacuum is drawn to expel gas from between the form 104 and the membrane 106 , thereby pressing the membrane 106 onto the fabric 44 and applying a compressive pressure to the fabric 44 .

The above pressing pressure may be applied simultaneously with the winding process, and may be constant. However, it is contemplated that debulking device 102 may be used to apply alternating variable and/or periodic pressures. The compressive pressure applied to fabric 104 by diaphragm 106 may be about 12 psi (pounds per square foot); however, depending on the mechanical properties of fabric 44, the geometry of form 104, the force applied to fabric 44 during winding etc. Different pressing pressures can be applied.

Additionally, the membrane 106 can surround a substantial portion, but not all, of the fabric wrapped around the form 104 . This means that the compacting pressure is applied to the fabric over less than one full revolution of the form 104 . It is contemplated that 75% or more of the surface area of the uppermost fabric layer may be pressed against the form by the membrane 106 . Thus, unlike typical debulking methods, only a portion of the fabric preform is debulked at a given time, and during the rotation of the former 104, this particular portion is constantly replaced.

In some forms of the method, intermediate rollers 110 convey and redirect film 106 from surrounding at least a portion of form 104 to take-up reel 112 . The intermediate roller 110 may have an axis parallel to but spaced from the central axis D-D of the form 104, and may additionally be biased into contact with the form 104 to help form a good seal.

Using this method, fabric preforms for components such as fan containment cases or fan case composite components can be formed. Due to the continuous debulking of the fabric during the winding process, the resulting fabric preform will be significantly free of swelling and wrinkling. Thus, this technique provides a fiber structure in the underlying fabric that is superior to that obtained by conventional winding techniques.

This method can also be used to debulk pre-impregnated or non-pre-impregnated fabrics. Pre-impregnated fabrics are those fabrics which contain a certain amount of resin in the supplied fabric and are therefore called pre-impregnated with resin material. However, since prepreg fabrics are solid and do not permeate gases well compared to non-prepreg fabrics, it is contemplated that the membrane 106 may be textured to provide a A vacuum is delivered between the bottom surface of the membrane 106 and the upper surface of the uppermost prepreg fabric layer.

It should be emphasized again that this debulking technique can be combined with other fabric processing techniques to synergistically produce fabric preforms for ultra-high strength composite parts. For example, this debulking technique can be combined with separate axial tensioning methods to produce preforms with extremely high fiber volume ratios.

It should be understood that various other modifications and variations can be made to the preferred embodiment within the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention should not be limited to the described embodiments. Reference should be made to the appended claims to determine the full scope of the invention.

Claims (25)

1. the fabric with multiple axial strands of material is applied to drip molding around in order to form a method for fabric prefabricated component,Wherein resin puts on described fabric prefabricated component to form composite component, and described method comprises:

One end of described fabric is received on described drip molding, with the axial strands of material that makes described fabric along substantially perpendicular toThe direction of the central axis of described drip molding is extended;

By at least some difference in the multiple axial strands of material on the end that is not attached to described drip molding of described fabricGround tensioning; And

By making described fabric and described drip molding relative to each other rotate and knit described around the central axis of described drip moldingThing is wound on described drip molding, to produce described fabric prefabricated component.

2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, by real at least some the difference tensionings in described axial strands of materialNow in winding process, differentially emit described axial strands of material with respect to the remainder of described fabric.

3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, by described axial strands of material at least some respectively tensionings andStep by described fabric wrapping on described drip molding occurs simultaneously.

4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described fabric is three axle braided fabrics, and described three axles are knittedThing comprises described multiple axial strands of material and multiple biaxial material bundle.

5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, by described multiple axial strands of material respectively tensioning cause described axleSlide with respect to described biaxial material bundle at least some in strands of material.

6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described drip molding is axle.

7. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described drip molding is columniform substantially.

8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described drip molding right and wrong are columniform, and the surface havingThere is different radial distances with respect to described central axis.

9. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, by described axial strands of material is connected in to corresponding connectorCarry out the each tensioning respectively in described multiple axial strands of material.

10. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, carries out by described axial strands of material is connected in to pouring weightBy the each tensioning respectively in described multiple axial strands of material.

11. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in the middle of the end of described multiple axial strands of material is attached to, connectConnect device, described intermediate connector is connected in the member of one of re-spective engagement device and respective weight, and wherein, described member is carried out respectivelyTensioning.

12. methods as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described intermediate connector is attached to from described member and extendsLine.

13. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, put on the each axial material of described multiple axial strands of materialThe tension force of material bundle equates substantially.

14. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described axial strands of material is the ring on described fabric prefabricated componentAround strands of material.

15. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, at least some in described axial strands of material with other axleEmit to the speed that the speed of strands of material is different.

16. methods as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, in described axial strands of material, some strands of material are with respect to otherAxially strands of material emit the local shape defined that be wound with described axial material of speed by described drip molding.

17. 1 kinds of fabric prefabricated components that formed by method described in claim 1, wherein, compared with not passing through described multiple axlesTo the fabric at least some the fabric prefabricated components that tensioning forms respectively in strands of material, described fabric is reeled more closely,After resin being put on to described fabric prefabricated component, allow to have higher fabric and resin in described composite component thusVolumetric ratio.

18. 1 kinds of equipment for the formation of fabrics fabric prefabricated component from thering are multiple axial strands of material, described equipment comprises:

Drip molding, described drip molding one end for receiving fabric, and described drip molding has central axis; And

Multiple strainers respectively, described multiple strainers are respectively arranged on a distance with respect to described drip molding, andDescribed multiple strainer is respectively for being connected in respectively the end that is not received at the beginning described drip molding of described fabricAt least some axial strands of material of multiple axial strands of material in portion;

Wherein when one end of described fabric is received on described drip molding and described drip molding and described fabric at least oneAround described central axis rotate with by described fabric wrapping on described drip molding, described multiple strainers respectively divide tension forceDo not put on described axial strands of material.

19. equipment as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, described multiple strainers respectively comprise corresponding separatelyConnector.

20. equipment as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, described multiple strainers respectively comprise corresponding separatelyPouring weight.

21. equipment as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, described multiple strainers respectively comprise intermediate connector,In order to be attached to the end of described axial strands of material, wherein, each intermediate connector is also connected in corresponding connector with relativeAnswer the member of one of pouring weight.

22. equipment as claimed in claim 21, is characterized in that, each member of corresponding connector and corresponding pouring weightBe configured to apply substantially similar tension force to described axial strands of material.

23. equipment as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, described drip molding is the heart that can rotate around described central axisAxle.

24. equipment as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, described drip molding is columniform substantially.

25. equipment as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that, described drip molding right and wrong are columniform, and the table havingFace has different radial distances with respect to described central axis.