CN104165819B - A kind of online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time - Google Patents
A kind of online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN104165819B CN104165819B CN201410400309.XA CN201410400309A CN104165819B CN 104165819 B CN104165819 B CN 104165819B CN 201410400309 A CN201410400309 A CN 201410400309A CN 104165819 B CN104165819 B CN 104165819B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time, including packaged quality LOAD CELLS, quartz transducer wafer, chrome plating, gold plate and Magnet, the inside of described quality LOAD CELLS is provided with crystal oscillation circuit, two electrodes of described crystal oscillation circuit are separately positioned on the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer, described quartz transducer wafer is arranged on the top of described quality LOAD CELLS, the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer is coated with one layer of chrome plating respectively, the surface of described chrome plating is coated with one layer of gold plate, described Magnet is encapsulated in described sensor internal, and can move in described quality LOAD CELLS, described chrome plating and described gold plate directly over described quartz transducer wafer constitute sensitive coating. the present invention has better sensitivity and degree of stability and a shorter testing time, and simple in construction, easy to use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time, belong to quality LOAD CELLS field.
Background technology
Machinery equipment such as aircraft engine needs the state of hand-held iron instrument inspection on the scene equipment. Such as aircraft is before again taking off backwardness preparation, it is necessary to the magnetic-particle in monitoring engine lubricating oil, such as ferromagnetic particle concentration. The general ferromagnetic particle worked as in aircraft engine lubricating oil reaches 5PPM, it is necessary to more oil change. A lot of laboratory equlpment can measure so low concentration, but online real-time iron instrument has conveniently, simple to operate, the advantage of monitoring in real time.
The sensor of iron instrument uses sonic sensor such as crystal microbalance. The most basic principle of QCM (QCM) is the piezoelectric effect that make use of quartz crystal: the internal each lattice of quartz crystal is regular hexagon not by External Force Acting time, if apply mechanical pressure in the both sides of wafer, the charge-site that can make lattice occurs skew to polarize, then will produce electric field on the corresponding direction of wafer; Otherwise, if adding an electric field on two electrodes of quartz crystal, wafer will produce mechanically deform, and this physical phenomenon is called piezoelectric effect. If adding alternating voltage on the two poles of the earth of wafer, wafer will produce mechanical vibration, and the mechanical vibration of wafer simultaneously can produce again alternating electric field. In the ordinary course of things, the amplitude of wafer mechanical vibration and the amplitude of alternating electric field are very small, but when the frequency of additional alternating voltage is a certain particular value, amplitude substantially strengthens, and this phenomenon is called piezoelectric resonator. It is in fact quite similar with the resonance phenomena in LC loop: when crystal does not vibrate, and it be regarded as a plate condenser so long and call electrostatic capacitance C, generally about several PF to tens PF; When crystal oscillation, it is equivalent that the inertia of mechanical vibration can use inductance L to come, and the value of general L is tens mH to hundreds of mH.Thus just constituting the agitator of QCM, the resonant frequency recorded, equal to the resonant frequency of quartz crystal oscillator plate, is converted into the signal of telecommunication again through main frame and exports by the frequency of oscillation of circuit. Owing to the resonant frequency of wafer itself is substantially only relevant with the cutting mode of wafer, geometry, size, and can being made accurately, the oscillating circuit hence with quartz resonator composition can obtain significantly high frequency stability.
Nineteen fifty-nine Sauerbrey, when being attached to the gold electrode surfaces of QCM with supposing outer blessing amount homogenous rigidity, has drawn the conclusion that the resonant frequency change of QCM is directly proportional to additional quality. For rigidity deposit, the quality that crystal oscillation frequency change �� F is proportional on working electrode deposit changes �� M. The mass change of QCM electrode surface can be obtained by this relational expression.
QCM is mainly made up of the part such as quartz crystal sensor, signal detection and data process. The basic comprising of quartz crystal sensor is substantially: from one piece of quartz crystal along becoming 35 �� of 15' cutting (AT CUT) to obtain quartz crystal oscillator plate with quartz crystal primary optical axis, applying silver layer on its two corresponding surfaces as electrode, quartz crystal is clipped in two plate electrode intermediate formation sandwich structures. Respectively a piece lead-in wire of weldering is received on pin on each electrode, add package casing and just constitute quartz-crystal resonator, its product generally with packed by metal casing, also useful glass shell, pottery or Plastic Package.
Quality weighing sensor is widely used in granule and weighs, chemical and biosensor. Quartz oscillation balance is exactly a kind of quality weighing sensor. The sensitivity of quartz weighing balance is to get from Sauerbrey equation, and quartz oscillation balance frequency change �� F and mass change value �� M has following relation: �� F=Cf�� M, wherein �� F is frequency change before and after the material of weighing that quartz balance is observed, �� M is mass change value before and after the material of weighing that quartz balance is observed, CfConstant coefficients during material mass is weighed for quartz balance. From above-mentioned formula, the sensitivity of QCM is by CfDetermine.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide the online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time of a kind of higher sensitivity and degree of stability.
The technical scheme is that a kind of online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time, including packaged quality LOAD CELLS, quartz transducer wafer, chrome plating, gold plate and Magnet, the inside of described quality LOAD CELLS is provided with crystal oscillation circuit, two electrodes of described crystal oscillation circuit are separately positioned on the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer, described quartz transducer wafer is arranged on the top of described quality LOAD CELLS, the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer is coated with one layer of chrome plating respectively, the surface of described chrome plating is coated with one layer of gold plate, described Magnet is encapsulated in described sensor internal, and can move in described quality LOAD CELLS, described chrome plating and described gold plate directly over described quartz transducer wafer constitute sensitive coating.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention has higher sensitivity and degree of stability and a shorter testing time, and simple in construction, easy to use.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the magnetic-particle that described Magnet adsorbs is positioned at the surface of described sensitive coating, and the magnetic-particle that described Magnet adsorbs is made up of organo-metallic material or inorganic substances.
Further, described inorganic substances are metallic element and metal alloy.
Described metal simple-substance is ferrum, cobalt or nickel. Described metal alloy is ferroalloy, cobalt alloy or nickel alloy.
Specifically include MnBi, AlNico, AlNiCo, FeCr, FeCrCo, FeCrMo, FeAlC, FeCo, FeCoV.FeCoW, FeCrCo, Re-Co (Re represents rare earth element), PtCo, MnAlC, CuNiFe, AlMnAg, Mo 6Fe2O3, M represents Ba, Sr, Pb or SrCa, LaCa, FeNi (Mo), FeSi, FeAl, and Fe base, Co base, FeNi base or FeNiCo base etc. are equipped with suitable Si, B, P and other doped chemicals. FeNi (Mo), FeSiAl, carbonyl iron and ferrite. MO Fe2O3(M represents NiZn, MnZn, MgZn, Li1/2Fe1/2Zn, CaZn etc.), Ba3Me2Fe24O41 (Me represents Co, Ni, Mg, Zn, Cu and compounding ingredients thereof).
Rare earth is exactly lanthanide series lanthanum (La) in the periodic table of chemical element, cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutecium (Lu), and with the 15 of group of the lanthanides the closely-related elements scandium of elements (Sc) and yttrium (Y) totally 17 kinds of elements, be called rare earth element.
Further, described organo-metallic material refers to containing stabilized radical and has the organic compound of ferromagnetic interaction or the complex containing transition metal.
Such as, diethyldithiocarbamate-Fe (III) chloridecompound, DNPN (Porphyrindendrimers) etc.
Further, described Magnet is permanent magnet or electric magnet, and the best is permanent magnet.
Further; the moving direction of described Magnet is perpendicular with direction, described quartz transducer wafer place; when Magnet is near described quartz transducer wafer; magnetic-particle in lubricating oil can be attracted to the surface of the sensitive coating of described quality LOAD CELLS; when Magnet is away from described quartz transducer wafer; magnetic-particle will return the lubricating oil system that described quality LOAD CELLS is monitored, and the initial parameter of described quality LOAD CELLS will be restored.
When Magnet is placed at the back side of qcm sensor, this cover system can also as magnetic-particle sensor. When magnetic-particle is by attraction to QCM surface, the frequency of qcm sensor will not decline, and can rise because of the deformation that wafer is caused by ferromagnetic power on the contrary. Magnet is more near with the distance of magnetic-particle, and the sensitivity of this sensor is more high. When there being magnetic force, Sauerbrey formula will be no longer applicable. When Magnet closest QCM bottom during the QCM that gets along well contact, this sensor has peak response.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention structure chart of position when using;
Fig. 2 is present invention structure chart when using;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention real-time magnetic particle monitoring systems online;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of F in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the time dependent schematic diagram of frequency of the sensor that the present invention uses;
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, quality LOAD CELLS, 2, quartz transducer wafer, 3, Magnet, 4, chrome plating, 5, gold plate, 6, sensitive coating, 7, magnetic-particle, 8, grease-box, 9, filter, 10, oil cooler, 11, electromotor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, principles of the invention and feature being described, example is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time, such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, including packaged quality LOAD CELLS 1, quartz transducer wafer 2, chrome plating 4, gold plate 5 and Magnet 3, the inside of described quality LOAD CELLS 1 is provided with crystal oscillation circuit, two electrodes of described crystal oscillation circuit are separately positioned on the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer 2, described quartz transducer wafer 2 is arranged on the top of described quality LOAD CELLS 1, the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer 2 is coated with one layer of chrome plating 4 respectively, the surface of described chrome plating 4 is coated with one layer of gold plate 5, described Magnet 3 is encapsulated in described sensor internal, and can move in described quality LOAD CELLS 1, described chrome plating and described gold plate directly over described quartz transducer wafer 2 constitute sensitive coating 6.
The magnetic-particle that described Magnet 3 adsorbs is positioned at the surface of described sensitive coating 6, and the magnetic-particle that described Magnet 3 adsorbs is metal simple-substance, metal alloy or other magnetic inorganic material or organo-metallic material is made.
Described metal simple-substance is ferrum, cobalt or nickel. Described metal alloy is ferroalloy, cobalt alloy or nickel alloy.
Described metal alloy is AlNiCo or NdFeB.
Described Magnet 3 is permanent magnet or electric magnet, and the best is permanent magnet.
The moving direction of described Magnet 3 is perpendicular with direction, described quartz transducer wafer 2 place, when Magnet 3 is near described quartz transducer wafer 2, magnetic-particle 7 in lubricating oil can be attracted to the surface of the sensitive coating 6 of described quality LOAD CELLS 1, when Magnet 3 is away from described quartz transducer wafer 2, magnetic-particle 7 will return the lubricating oil system that described quality LOAD CELLS 1 is monitored, and the initial parameter of described quality LOAD CELLS 1 will be restored.
Every time in order to eliminate the magnetic-particle 7 being adsorbed on quality LOAD CELLS 1 surface after test, the Magnet 3 within quality LOAD CELLS 1 can move along the direction shown in the A of Fig. 2.
When Magnet 3 moves on to enough remote time, magnetic force between magnetic-particle 7 and Magnet 3 is by the gravity less than magnetic-particle 7, at this moment magnetic-particle 7 will fall from quality LOAD CELLS 1 surface, and flow into lubricating oil filter 9 along with lubricating oil, as shown in Figure 1, B place is the position at place of the present invention, is then passed through oil cooler 10 and electromotor 11, is again introduced into grease-box 8 (in Fig. 1, arrow direction is the direction of lubrication oil circulation).
When lubrication oil circulation flows, direction that the magnetic-particle 7 that equipment attrition is got off flows along with oil and the surface that is adsorbed to quality LOAD CELLS 1, owing to magnetic force is more than gravity, the frequency of sensor QCM (crystal microbalance) will increase, the signal of quality LOAD CELLS 1 is when described Magnet 3 is away from described quartz transducer wafer 2, magnetic-particle 7 returns the lubricating oil system that quality LOAD CELLS 1 is monitored, and the initial parameter of quality LOAD CELLS 1 restores this Procedure Acquisition. The signal of quality LOAD CELLS 1 is the variable quantity of frequency, and the magnetic material mass of absorption is directly proportional to the frequency variation of described signal.
As it is shown in figure 5, quality LOAD CELLS 1 persistent collection absorption magnetic-particle 7, quality LOAD CELLS 1 shakes frequency and also continues to increase. In Fig. 5, C place represents �� f, D place and represents �� t, and namely representation quality LOAD CELLS 7 is from starting working, and starts the time adsorbing magnetic-particle 7 to sensitive coating 6 surface of magnetic-particle 7 fully out quality LOAD CELLS 7; E place represents �� t0, it is simply that owing to Magnet 3 leaves quartz transducer wafer, causing that the magnetic-particle 7 on sensitive coating 6 surface all departs from sensitive coating 6 surface, magnetic force suffered by quartz transducer wafer disappears the required time. C place represents �� f, represents in the E time, the change of quartz transducer wafer frequency. Magnetic-particle 7 concentration of described monitoring system is inversely proportional to the time D-E collecting these materials described in Fig. 5.
When the temperature of the oil of circulation is continually changing, the time that problem reaches to balance is likely to need a few minutes, it is also possible to oil temperature can be in the state of change always. So the reading of quality LOAD CELLS 1 is difficult to stable. But when Magnet 3 can move in quality LOAD CELLS 1, situation has just had change. Magnet 3 is from making magnetic force disappear to away from magnetic-particle 7 near magnetic-particle 7, and magnetic-particle 7 departs from the time very short �� t on QCM surface, and the very big �� f of the change of frequency.In such �� t time, QCM loses the signal of Magnet generation is exactly �� f. And this signal is not substantially affected by the impact of other factors (temperature, vibrations, the oil of flowing).
Because the time of test process is it is known that just can know that the oil of how many volumes flows through QCM, then �� f is exactly the magnetic-particle 7 contained by unit volume lubricating oil, the namely magnetic particle concentration in lubricating oil.
Real magnetic particle concentration is likely to there is certain proportionate relationship with �� f/V, as Magnet 3 can not magnetic-particle 7 that all oil in adsorption flow is contained.
Some sonic sensor such as surface acoustic wave, its electrode is only in the side of sensor quartz substrate. When using this kind of sensor, the sensing surface of sensor can in the other side of surface acoustic wave quartz substrate. The side of surface acoustic wave electrode is packaged in sensor internal. Magnet is also packaged in sensor internal. Other kinds of acoustic elecment can also apply this principle.
To some acoustic wave device, when their electrode is only when side, its device substrate can be corroded from the back side, reduces substrate thickness, thus improving the sensitivity of sensor.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time, it is characterized in that: include packaged quality LOAD CELLS (1), quartz transducer wafer (2), chrome plating (4), gold plate (5) and Magnet (3), the inside of described quality LOAD CELLS (1) is provided with crystal oscillation circuit, two electrodes of described crystal oscillation circuit are separately positioned on the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer (2), described quartz transducer wafer (2) is arranged on the top of described quality LOAD CELLS (1), the upper and lower surface of described quartz transducer wafer (2) is coated with one layer of chrome plating (4) respectively, the surface of described chrome plating (4) is coated with one layer of gold plate (5), described Magnet (3) is encapsulated in described sensor internal, and can move in described quality LOAD CELLS (1), described chrome plating and described gold plate directly over described quartz transducer wafer (2) constitute sensitive coating (6).
2. online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the magnetic-particle that described Magnet (3) adsorbs is positioned at the surface of described sensitive coating (6), and the magnetic-particle that described Magnet (3) adsorbs is made up of organo-metallic material or inorganic substances.
3. online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described inorganic substances are metal simple-substance or metal alloy.
4. online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described metal simple-substance is ferrum, cobalt or nickel.
5. online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described metal alloy is ferroalloy, cobalt alloy or nickel alloy.
6. online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described metal alloy is MnBi, AlNiCo, FeCr, FeCrCo, FeCrMo, FeAlC, FeCo, FeCoV, FeCoW, FeCrCo; Or PtCo, MnAlC, CuNiFe, AlMnAg; Or MO 6Fe2O3, described M represents Ba, Sr, Pb or SrCa, LaCa, FeNi, FeSi, FeAl, Fe base, Co base, FeNi base or FeNiCo base;Or FeNiMo, FeSiAl; Or MO Fe2O3, described M represents NiZn, MnZn, MgZn, CaZn; Or Ba3Me2Fe24O41, described Me represents the compounding ingredients of Co, Ni, Mg, Zn, Cu and Co, Ni, Mg, Zn, Cu.
7. online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described organo-metallic material refers to containing stabilized radical and has the organic compound of ferromagnetic interaction or the complex containing transition metal.
8. the online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that: described Magnet (3) is permanent magnet or electric magnet.
9. the online magnetic particle monitoring systems in real time according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the moving direction of described Magnet (3) is perpendicular with described quartz transducer wafer (2) direction, place, when Magnet (3) is near described quartz transducer wafer (2), magnetic-particle in lubricating oil can be attracted to the surface of the sensitive coating (6) of described quality LOAD CELLS (1), when Magnet (3) is away from described quartz transducer wafer (2), magnetic-particle will return the lubricating oil system that described quality LOAD CELLS (1) is monitored, the initial parameter of described quality LOAD CELLS (1) will be restored.
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| WO2019012034A1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | Vdeh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut Gmbh | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING A CONCENTRATION OF PARTICLES IN A FLUID |
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| WO2019012034A1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | Vdeh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut Gmbh | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING A CONCENTRATION OF PARTICLES IN A FLUID |
| DE102017006676B4 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2024-08-01 | Vdeh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut Gmbh | Device and method for determining a concentration of particles in a fluid |
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