CH684673A5 - Method for controlling insects - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for controlling insects entailing application of an insecticidal composition which contains the compound of the formula I <IMAGE> or an agrochemically usable salt thereof as active ingredient and at least one ancillary substance to the insects or their habitat, is characterised in that the insects which are controlled are from the families of Aleyrodidae, Cicadellidae and Delphacidae from the order of Homoptera; from the genera Brevicoryne, Rhopalosiphum, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Brachycaudus, Dysaphis, Sappaphis, Toxoptera and Phorodon of the family of Aphididae; and the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi belonging to the genus Aphis. Insect-control compositions for implementing this method which contain this active ingredient, and plant propagation material treated with these compositions are also described.

Description

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description

The invention relates to a new method for controlling insects, according to which an insecticidal agent which comprises the compound of the formula I

(I)

or contains an agrochemically usable salt thereof as an active ingredient and at least one auxiliary substance, to which insects or their habitat is applied. The method is characterized in that insects from the families Aleyrodidae, Cicadellidae and Delphacidae belonging to the order Homoptera; from the genera Brevycorine, Rhopalosiphum, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Brachycaudus, Dysaphis, Sappaphis, Toxoptera and Phorodon belonging to the Aphididae family; as well as the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi belonging to the genus Aphis.

The invention also relates to insecticides which contain this active ingredient for carrying out the process according to the invention, and to plant propagation material treated according to the process according to the invention.

The agrochemically usable salts of the compound of the formula I are, for example, acid addition salts of inorganic and organic acids, in particular hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid or toluic acid or toluene acid.

A method is preferred in which the compound of the formula I is used per se.

In EP-A 314 615 the effectiveness of compounds of the formula

(II),

N

H

wherein

Ri hydrogen, Ci-Ci2-alkyl, Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C6-alkyl, halogen-Ci-C2-alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, phenpropyl, phenbutyl, phenpentyl or a single or phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, phenpropyl, phenbutyl, phenpentyl substituted twice by halogen, Ci-C5-alkyl, Haiogen-Ci-C2-alkyl, methoxy and / or ethoxy,

R2 is hydrogen, Ci-Cß-alkyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by Ci-Ci2-alkyl, halogen or halogen-Ci-Ci2-alkyl, or Ri and R2 together represent a saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7- form an integrated carbocycle,

R3 is hydrogen or Ci-C6-alkyl, and Z is -N = CH- or -NH-CH2-,

as well as their salts with organic or inorganic acids for controlling pests, especially insects, in particular representatives of the orders Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Coieoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Anoplura, Si-phonaptera, Mallophaga, Thysanura, Isoptera, Psocoptera and Hymenoptera described. An effect is only effective against three specific representatives of the Aphididae family, namely against Aphis craccivora, Aphis

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fabae and Myzus persicae, as well as against Aedes aegypti from the order Diptera. In contrast, no other family from the order Homoptera and in particular no other genus from the family Aphididae is mentioned.

It has now been found, unexpectedly, that the compound of the formula I is suitable for controlling a much larger number of insects from the Homoptera order than that disclosed in EP-A 314 615, namely for controlling insects from the Aleyrodidae, Cicadellidae and Delphacidae families ; of insects from the genera Brevycorine, Rho-palosiphum, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Brachycaudus, Dysaphis, Sappahis, Toxoptera and Phorodon, as well as from the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi.

In particular, the following types of insect pests, which belong to the families and genera listed above, can be controlled according to the invention:

- Trialeurodes vaporariorum,

- Bemisia tabaci,

- Brevicoryne brassicae,

- Rhopalosiphum pseudobrassicae,

- Rhopalosiphum isertum

- Rhopalosiphum padi

- Acyrthosiphon pisum,

- Macrosiphum rosae

- Macrosiphum euphorbiae

- Macrosiphum avenae,

- Schizaphis graminum,

- Hyalopterus amygdali,

- Brachycaudus persicaecola,

- Dysaphis plantaginea

- Dysaphis devecta,

- Sappaphis piricola,

- Toxoptera citricida,

- Toxoptera aurantii,

- Phorodon humuli

- Aphis gossypii

- Aphis pomi,

- Empoasca flavescens

- Nilaparvata lugens

- Laodelphax striatellus

The control of insects of the type mentioned is of great importance, since without their targeted control e.g. large economic losses, e.g. due to the damage caused by these insects to agricultural products.

A method for controlling is preferred in the context of the present invention

(1) from insects of the family Aleyrodidae, in particular of the genera Trialeurodes and Bemisia;

(2) from Trialeurodes vaporariorum;

(3) from Bemisia tabaci;

(4) from insects of the genera Brevicoryne, Rhopalosiphum, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Brachycaudus, Dysaphis, Sappahis, Toxoptera and Phorodon, as well as the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi, belonging to the family Aphididae

in particular of the genera Brevicoryne, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Sappaphis, Toxoptera and Phorodon, as well as the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi,

preferably of the genera Brevicoryne, Macrosiphum, Hyalopterus, Toxoptera and Phorodon, as well as the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi,

particularly preferred by Brevicoryne brassicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Hyalopterus amygdali, Toxoptera citricida, Toxoptera aurantii, Phorodon humuli and Aphis gossypii;

(5) from Aphis gossypii;

(6) from Brevicoryne brassicae;

(7) from Macrosiphum euphorbia;

(8) from Toxoptera citricida and Toxoptera aurantii;

(9) from Phorodon humuli;

(10) from insects of the family Cicadellidae,

especially the genera Empoasca and Erythroneura;

(11) from insects of the Delphacidae family, especially of the genera Nilaparvata and Laodelphax, preferably of the species Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus, very particularly of Nilaparvata lugens.

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The compound of formula I used according to the invention is known and e.g. in EP-A 314 615.

The compound of formula I used according to the invention is a preventive and / or curative active ingredient in the field of insect control with favorable warm-bloodedness, fish and plant tolerance even at low use concentrations. In particular, it is characterized by the fact that beneficial organisms such as Orius majusculus, Chrysoperla carnea, Coccinella septempunctata and Ambiyseius fallacis are particularly protected. The active ingredient used according to the invention is effective against all or individual stages of development of normally sensitive, but also of resistant, animal insects of the type mentioned. The insecticidal activity of the active ingredient used according to the invention can be direct, i.e. in killing the insects, which occurs immediately or only after some time, for example when molting, or indirectly, e.g. in a reduced egg laying and / or hatching rate, the good effect corresponding to a mortality rate of at least 50 to 60%.

The active ingredient used according to the invention can be used in particular on plants, in particular on useful and ornamental plants in agriculture, horticulture and in the forest, or on parts such as fruits, flowers, foliage, stems, tubers or roots, pests of such plants combat the type mentioned, ie contain or destroy, parts of the plant that later grow are still protected against these pests.

Vegetables, cereals, ornamental plants, cotton, rice, citrus, wine, hops and fruit are particularly suitable as target cultures;

preferred is a method which is characterized in that the compound of formula I or an agrochemically usable saiz thereof in tomato, bean, eggplant, cucumber, cabbage, pea, potato, peach and citrus dressings; is particularly used in tomato, cucumber, potato and peach crops.

A method is further preferred, characterized in that

(a) Bemisia tabaci, Aphis gossypii and Trialeurodes vaporariorum in tomato crops;

(b) Aphis gossypii and Macrosiphum euphorbiae in potato crops: or

(c) Bemisia tabaci, Aphis gossypii and Trialeurodes vaporariorum can be controlled in cucumber crops.

Further areas of application of the method according to the invention are the protection of inventories and stores and of material, and in the hygiene sector in particular the protection of domestic and farm animals from pests of the type mentioned.

The invention therefore also relates to insecticides for carrying out the process according to the invention, such as, depending on the desired objectives and given conditions, emulsifiable concentrates, suspension concentrates, solutions which can be sprayed or diluted directly, spreadable pastes, diluted emulsions, wettable powders, soluble powders, and dispersible powders Powders, wettable powders, dusts, granules or encapsulations in polymeric substances which contain the active ingredient used in the process according to the invention.

The active ingredient in these agents is in pure form, a solid active ingredient e.g. in a special grain size, or preferably together with - at least - one of the auxiliaries customary in formulation technology, such as extenders, e.g. Solvents or solid carriers, or such as surface-active compounds (surfactants) used.

As a solvent e.g. Suitable are: optionally partially hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably the fractions Cs to C12 of alkyl benzenes, such as xylene mixtures, alkylated naphthalenes or tetrahydronaphthalene, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, such as paraffins or cyclohexane, alcohols, such as ethanol, propanol or butanol, glycols and their ethers and esters such as propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol or ethylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether, ketones such as cyclohexanone, isophorone or diacetone alcohol, strongly polar solvents such as N-methylpyrrolid-2-one, dimethyl sulfoxide or N, N-dimethylformamide, water , optionally epoxidized vegetable oils, such as optionally epoxidized rapeseed, castor, coconut or soybean oil, and silicone oils.

As solid carriers, e.g. natural dust, such as caicit, talc, kaolin, montmorillonite or attapulgite, is generally used for dusts and dispersible powders. To improve the physical properties, highly disperse silicas or highly disperse absorbent polymers can also be added. Porous types such as pumice, broken brick, sepiolite or bentonite can be used as granular, adsorptive granule carriers, and caicit or sand as non-sorptive carrier materials. In addition, a large number of granulated materials of inorganic or organic nature, in particular dolomite or comminuted plant residues, can be used.

Depending on the nature of the active ingredient to be formulated, suitable surface-active compounds are nonionic, cationic and / or anionic surfactants or surfactant mixtures with good emulsifying, dispersing and wetting properties. The surfactants listed below are only examples; the relevant literature describes many other surfactants which are customary in formulation technology and are suitable according to the invention.

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Suitable nonionic surfactants are primarily polyglycol ether derivatives of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and alkylphenols which contain 3 to 30 glycol ether groups and 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the (aliphatic) hydrocarbon radical and 6 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical of the alkylphenols can. Also suitable are water-soluble, 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether and 10 to 100 propylene glycol ether groups containing polyethylene oxide adducts with polypropylene glycol, ethylene diaminopolypropylene glycol and alkyl polypropylene glycol with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. The compounds mentioned usually contain 1 to 5 ethylene glycol units per propylene glycol unit. Examples include nonylphenol polyethoxyethanols, castor oil polyglycol ethers, polypropylene-polyethylene oxide adducts, tributylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol and octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol. Fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, are also suitable.

The cationic surfactants are primarily quaternary ammonium salts which have at least one alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms as substituents and low, optionally halogenated, alkyl, benzyl or lower hydroxyalkyl radicals as further substituents. The salts are preferably in the form of halides, methyl sulfates or ethyl sulfates. Examples are the stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and the benzyl di (2-chloroethyl) ethyl ammonium bromide.

Suitable anionic surfactants can be both water-soluble soaps and water-soluble synthetic surface-active compounds. Suitable soaps are the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and optionally substituted ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C10-C22), such as the sodium or potassium salts of oleic or stearic acid, or of natural fatty acid mixtures, for example from coconut or Tall oil can be extracted; The fatty acid methyl taurine salts should also be mentioned. However, synthetic surfactants are used more frequently, in particular fatty sulfonates, fatty sulfates, sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives or alkylarylsulfonates. The fatty sulfonates and sulfates are generally present as alkali, alkaline earth or optionally substituted ammonium salts and generally have an alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, alkyl also including the alkyl part of acyl radicals; Examples include the sodium or calcium salt of lignosulfonic acid, do-decylsulfuric acid ester or a fatty alcohol sulfate mixture made from natural fatty acids. This subheading also includes the salts of sulfuric acid esters and sulphonic acids from fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide adducts. The sulfonated benzimidazole derivatives preferably contain 2 sulfonic acid groups and a fatty acid residue with about 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples of alkylarylsulfonates are the sodium, calcium or triethanolammonium salts of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid or a naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product. Corresponding phosphates, such as salts of the phosphoric acid ester of a p-nonylphenol (4-14) ethylene oxide adduct or phospholipids, are also suitable.

The agents generally contain 0.1 to 99%, in particular 0.1 to 95%, active ingredient and 1 to 99.9%, in particular 5 to 99.9%, - at least - of a solid or liquid auxiliary, in which Rule 0 to 25%, in particular 0.1 to 20%, of the agent can be surfactants (% means weight percent in each case). While concentrated agents are preferred as a commercial product, the end user generally uses diluted agents which have significantly lower active substance concentrations. Preferred agents are composed in particular as follows (% = weight percent):

Emulsifiable concentrates: Active ingredient:

Surfactant:

Solvent:

1 to 90%, preferably 5 to 20% 1 to 30%, preferably 10 to 20% 5 to 98%, preferably 70 to 85%

Dusts:

Active ingredient: 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 1%

solid carrier: 99.9 to 90%, preferably 99.9 to 99%

Suspension concentrates:

Active substance:

5 to 75%, preferably 10 to 50%

Water:

94 to 24%, preferably 88 to

30%

Surfactant:

1 to 40%, preferably 2 to 30%

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Wettable powders:

Active substance:

0.5 to 90%, preferably 1 to 80%

Surfactant:

0.5 to 20%, preferably 1 to 15%

solid carrier:

5 to 99%, preferably 15 to 98%

Granules:

Active substance:

0.5 to 30%, preferably 3 to 15%

solid carrier:

99.5 to 70%, preferably 97 to 85%

The action of the agents according to the invention can be broadened considerably by adding other insecticidal active ingredients and adapted to the given circumstances. The active ingredient additives are e.g. Representatives of the following classes of active substance are considered: organic phosphorus compounds, nitrophenols and derivatives, formamidines, ureas, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons and Bacillus thuringiensis preparations. The agents according to the invention can also contain other solid or liquid auxiliaries, such as stabilizers, e.g. optionally epoxidized vegetable oils (e.g. epoxidized coconut oil, rapeseed oil or soybean oil), defoamers, e.g. Silicone oil, preservatives, viscosity regulators, binders and / or adhesives, as well as fertilizers or other active ingredients to achieve special effects, e.g. Bactericides, fungicides, nematicides, molluscicides or selective herbicides.

The agents according to the invention are produced in a known manner, in the absence of auxiliary substances e.g. by grinding, sieving and / or pressing a solid active substance or mixture of active substances, e.g. to a certain grain size, and in the presence of at least one auxiliary e.g. by intimately mixing and / or grinding the active ingredient or mixture of active ingredients with the auxiliary (s).

The methods for controlling pests of the type mentioned, such as spraying, atomizing, dusting, brushing, pickling, scattering or pouring, which are to be selected depending on the desired objectives and given conditions, are further objects of the invention. Typical application concentrations are between 0.1 and 1000 ppm, preferably between 0.1 and 500 ppm, active ingredient: spray liquors with active ingredient concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 300 or 500 ppm are used in particular. The application rates per hectare are generally 1 to 2000 g of active ingredient per hectare, in particular 10 to 1000 g / ha, preferably 20 to 600 g / ha. Application rates of 200, 250, 300, 400 or 450 g of active ingredient per hectare are preferred. Application rates of 0.25, 0.75, 1.0 or 2.0 g of active ingredient per tree are preferred.

A preferred application method in the field of crop protection is application to the foliage of the plants (foliar application), the frequency of application and application rate being able to be adjusted to the infestation pressure of the respective pest. The active ingredient can also get into the plants through the root system (systemic effect) by soaking the location of the plants with a liquid agent or the active ingredient in solid form in the location of the plants, e.g. in the ground, e.g. in the form of granules (floor application).

The agents according to the invention are also suitable for protecting plant propagation material, e.g. Seeds, such as fruits, tubers or grains, or plant cuttings, from animal pests. The propagation material can be treated with the agent before spreading, seeds e.g. pickled before sowing. The active compounds according to the invention can also be applied to seeds (coating) by either soaking the seeds in a liquid agent or coating them with a solid agent. The agent can also be applied to the place of application, e.g. when sowing in the seed furrow. These treatment methods for plant propagation material and the plant propagation material treated in this way are further objects of the invention.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention. They do not limit the invention.

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Formulation examples (% = weight percent)

Example F1: Solutions a)

b)

c)

d)

Active ingredient

80%

10%

5%

95%

Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether

20%

-

-

-

Polyethylene glycol MG 400

-

70%

-

-

N-methyl-2-pyrro! Idon

-

20%

-

-

Epoxidized coconut oil

-

-

1%

5%

Petrol (boiling limits 160-190 °)

-

-

94%

-

are suitable for use in the form of tiny drops.

Example F2: Granules a)

b)

c)

d)

Active ingredient

5%

10%

8th%

21%

kaolin

94%

-

79%

54%

Fumed silica

1%

-

13%

7%

Attapulgite

-

90%

-

18%

The active ingredient is dissolved in dichloromethane, sprayed onto the carrier and the solvent is then evaporated off in vacuo.

Example F3: dusts a)

b)

Active ingredient

2%

5%

Fumed silica

1%

5%

talc

97%

-

kaolin

-

90%

Ready-to-use dust particles are obtained by intimately mixing the carrier substances with the active ingredient.

Example F4: wettable powder

Active ingredient 25%

Sodium sulfate 5%

Castor oil polyethylene glycol ether (36-37 mol EO) 10%

Silicone oil 1%

Agridex 2%

Highly disperse silica 10%

Kaolin powder 37%

Sulfite waste powder 5%

Ultravon W-300% 5%

(1-benzyl-2-heptadecyl-benzimidazole-X, X'-disulfonic acid di-sodium salt)

The active ingredient is mixed with the additives and ground well in a suitable grinder. Spray powder is obtained which can be diluted with water to form suspensions of any desired concentration.

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Example F5: dusts a) b)

Active ingredient 5% 8%

Talc 95% -

Kaolin - 92%

Ready-to-use dusts are obtained by mixing the active ingredient with the carrier and grinding it in a suitable mill.

Example F6: Extruder granules

Active ingredient 10%

Na lignin sulfonate 2%

Carboxymethyl cellulose 1%

Kaolin 87%

The active ingredient is mixed with the additives, ground and moistened with water. This mixture is extruded, granulated and then dried in a stream of air.

Example F7: coated granules

Active ingredient

3%

Polyethylene glycol (MG 200)

3%

kaolin

94%

The finely ground active ingredient is applied evenly in a mixer to the kaolin moistened with polyethylene glycol. In this way, dust-free coating granules are obtained.

Example F8: Suspension concentrate

Active ingredient 40%

Ethylene glycol 10%

Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (15 mol EO) 6%

Na lignin sulfonate 10%

Carboxymethyl cellulose 1%

37% aqueous formaldehyde solution 0.2%

Silicone oil in the form of a 75% aqueous emulsion 0.8%

Water 32%

The finely ground active ingredient is intimately mixed with the additives. This gives a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired concentration can be prepared by dilution with water.

Biological examples:

Example B1: Action against Bemisia tabaci

Bush bean plants are placed in gauze cages and populated with adults of Bemisia tabaci (white fly). After the eggs have been laid, all adults are removed and the plants and the nymphs on them are treated with an aqueous suspension of a wettable powder of the active compound (concentration 50 ppm) 10 days later. The evaluation takes place 14 days after the active ingredient application for% hatching in comparison to the untreated control batches.

The compound of formula I shows a 100% effect in this test.

Example B2: Action against Nilaparvata lugens

Two-week-old rice plants are washed with an aqueous suspension of a wettable powder

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Active ingredient (concentration 50 ppm) treated. After the spray coating has dried on, the rice plants are populated with cicadas in the nymph stage. Allow the plants to stand at 28 ° C for 14 days, then evaluate the number of freshly hatched nymphs of the next generation. The effect is determined in% reduction of the subsequent generation compared to an untreated plant. The compound of formula I shows a 100% effect in this test.

Claims (13)

Claims 1. A method for controlling insects, according to which an insecticidal agent which the compound of formula I or contains an agrochemically usable salt thereof as an active ingredient and at least one auxiliary substance, to which insects or their habitat is applied, characterized in that insects from the families Aleyrodidae, Cicadellidae and Delphacidae; from the genera Brevicoryne, Rhopalosiphum, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Brachycaudus, Dysaphis, Sappaphis, Toxoptera and Phorodon; as well as the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an agent containing the compound of formula I per se is used. 3. The method according to claim 1 for controlling insects of the family Aleyrodidae. 4. The method according to claim 3 for controlling insects of the genera Trialeurodes and Bemisia. 5. The method according to claim 1 for controlling insects of the genera Brevicoryne, Rhopalosiphum, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Brachycaudus, Dysaphis, Sappaphis, Toxoptera and Phorodon, as well as the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi. 6. The method according to claim 5 for controlling insects of the genera Brevicoryne, Acyrthosiphon, Macrosiphum, Schizaphis, Hyalopterus, Sappaphis, Toxoptera and Phorodon, and the species Aphis gossypii and Aphis pomi. 7. The method according to claim 1 for controlling insects of the family Cicadellidae. 8. The method according to claim 7 for controlling insects of the genera Empoasca and Erythroneura. 9. The method according to claim 1 for controlling insects of the family Delphacidae. 10. The method according to claim 9 for controlling insects of the genera Nilaparvata and Laodelphax. 11. The method according to claim 1 for the protection of plant propagation material, characterized in that the propagation material or the location of the application of the propagation material is treated. 12. Insecticide for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is the compound of formula I. (I) H 9 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 CH 684 673 A5 (I) or contains an agrochemically usable salt thereof as an active ingredient and at least one auxiliary. 13. Plant propagation material, treated according to the method described in claim 11. 10th