CH662007A5 - Method of soldering semiconductor components - Google Patents
Method of soldering semiconductor components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH662007A5 CH662007A5 CH6811/83A CH681183A CH662007A5 CH 662007 A5 CH662007 A5 CH 662007A5 CH 6811/83 A CH6811/83 A CH 6811/83A CH 681183 A CH681183 A CH 681183A CH 662007 A5 CH662007 A5 CH 662007A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- fluorine
- soldering
- soldered
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/40—Semiconductor devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01005—Boron [B]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01013—Aluminum [Al]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01019—Potassium [K]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01023—Vanadium [V]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01024—Chromium [Cr]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01029—Copper [Cu]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01049—Indium [In]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01074—Tungsten [W]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01079—Gold [Au]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01082—Lead [Pb]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/013—Alloys
- H01L2924/014—Solder alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/13—Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1301—Thyristor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Die Bonding (AREA)
- Molten Solder (AREA)
Abstract
A novel method of soldering semiconductor components is disclosed, in which a semiconductor component having an aluminium layer is exposed to a fluorine-containing plasma for at least one hour. The aluminium layers treated in this way can then be wetted excellently by the standard soft solders.
Description
PATENTANSPRÜCH E
1. Verfahren zum Löten von mit Aluminium beschichteten Halbleiterbauelementen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberflächen der Aluminiumschichten während mindestens einer Stunde einem fluorhaltigen Plasma ausgesetzt und die derartig behandelten Oberflächen mit einem Weichlot kontaktiert werden.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das fluorhaltige Plasma aus SF6 besteht.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das fluorhaltige Plasma aus Freon besteht.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem fluorhaltigen Plasma Sauerstoff beigemischt ist.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Weichlot aus Pb-Sn besteht mit mindestens 70% Blei und im Hochvakuum bei einer Temperatur von 420 bis 670 K gelötet wird.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Weichlot aus Pb-Sn besteht mit höchstens 50% Blei und bei einer Temperatur von 470 bis 670 K gelötet wird.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Löten von mit Aluminium beschichteten Halbleiterbauelementen.
Üblicherweise werden für die Kontaktierung die Bauelemente mit mehreren Metallschichten bedampft, um beim Weichlöten einen gut haftenden, ohmschen Kontakt zu erhalten. Bekannt ist z.B. die Schichtenfolge von Aluminium, Chrom, Nickel und Gold aus der DE-A 2 809 863.
Zwar bildet Aluminium einen sehr guten ohmschen Kontakt zum Silizium des Halbleiterbauelementes, die Aluminiumschicht selber ist jedoch mit den üblichen Weichloten, Legierungen auf der Basis von Blei, Zinn oder Indium, nicht benetzbar. Nur bestimmte Metalle, wie z.B. Nickel, lassen sich mittels Weichlot gut benetzen. Eine Chromschicht zwischen Aluminium und Nickel bildet eine Diffusionsbarriere, und eine dünne Goldschicht verhindert die Oxydation des Nickels. Obwohl das Aufdampfen dieser Metallschichten weitgehend automatisch erfolgt, ist dieser Prozess doch ziemlich aufwendig und braucht mehrere teuere Metalle.
Die in den Patentansprüchen gelöste Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine einfachere und kostensparendere Art der Kontaktierung anzugeben.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren hat den wichtigen Vorteil, dass keine aufwendigen Aufdampfprozesse mehr benötigt werden und zusätzlich an Material gespart wird.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.
In einem ersten Beispiel wird ein Halbleiterbauelement mit einer Aluminiumschicht bedampft und anschliessend einem fluorhaltigen Plasma ausgesetzt. Dazu wird das Bauelement, z.B. ein Thyristor vom Typ CSR 449 der Firma BBC Baden (CH), in einer Reaktiv-Ionenätz-Anlage über mehr als einer Stunde einem SF#-Plasma, unter Zugabe von bis zur Hälfte Sauerstoff als oxydierender Atmosphäre, ausgesetzt.
Das Reaktiv-Ionenätz-Verfahren ist ausführlich beschrieben z.B. in IEEE Trans on El. Dev. ED29 (1981), Seite 1315 ff.
Insbesondere gelten folgende Bedingungen: Durchflussrate SF6 30 Standard-cm3/min Durchflussrate 02 20 Standard-cm3/min Hochfrequenz-Leistungsdichte 0,8 W/cm2 Druck 8 Pa Kathoden-Spannung - 160 V Behandlungsdauer 90 min
Das Bauelement wird nachträglich auf der Anodenseite auf ein Kupfer-Keramiksubstrat mit einem Weichlot mit mindestens 70% Blei, z.B. Pb-Sn (95:5) in einem Ofen unter Hochvakuum gelötet. Das Vakuum beträgt etwa 10 Pa. Bei einer Löttemperatur von 420 K war die Benetzbarkeit des Aluminiums mässig, bei einer Temperatur von 670 K jedoch ausgezeichnet.
In einem zweiten Beispiel wird ein Halbleiterbauelement unter den gleichen Bedingungen wie vorher einem Plasma aus Freon und Sauerstoff ausgesetzt. Die Kontaktdrähte werden dann mit einem üblichen Lötkolben mit einem Weichlot mit maximal 50% Blei, z.B. Pb-Sn (40:60) bei einer Temperatur zwischen 470 K und 670 K gelötet, wobei bei der höheren Temperatur die besten Resultate erreicht werden.
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld konnte Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
PATENT CLAIM E
1. A method for soldering aluminum-coated semiconductor components, characterized in that the surfaces of the aluminum layers are exposed to a fluorine-containing plasma for at least one hour and the surfaces treated in this way are contacted with a soft solder.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluorine-containing plasma consists of SF6.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluorine-containing plasma consists of freon.
4. The method according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the fluorine-containing plasma is admixed with oxygen.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the soft solder consists of Pb-Sn with at least 70% lead and is soldered in a high vacuum at a temperature of 420 to 670 K.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the soft solder consists of Pb-Sn with at most 50% lead and is soldered at a temperature of 470 to 670 K.
The invention relates to a method for soldering aluminum-coated semiconductor components.
For the contacting, the components are usually vapor-deposited with a plurality of metal layers in order to obtain a well-adhering, ohmic contact during soft soldering. It is known e.g. the layer sequence of aluminum, chromium, nickel and gold from DE-A 2 809 863.
Although aluminum forms a very good ohmic contact with the silicon of the semiconductor component, the aluminum layer itself cannot be wetted with the usual soft solders, alloys based on lead, tin or indium. Only certain metals, e.g. Nickel, can be wetted well using soft solder. A chrome layer between aluminum and nickel forms a diffusion barrier, and a thin gold layer prevents the oxidation of the nickel. Although the vapor deposition of these metal layers is largely automatic, this process is rather complex and requires several expensive metals.
The object of the invention achieved in the patent claims is to provide a simpler and more cost-effective way of contacting.
The method according to the invention has the important advantage that complex evaporation processes are no longer required and material is also saved.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
In a first example, a semiconductor component is vapor-deposited with an aluminum layer and then exposed to a fluorine-containing plasma. For this, the component, e.g. a CSR 449 thyristor from BBC Baden (CH), exposed to SF # plasma in a reactive ion etching system for more than one hour, with the addition of up to half oxygen as an oxidizing atmosphere.
The reactive ion etching process is described in detail e.g. in IEEE Trans on El. Dev. ED29 (1981), page 1315 ff.
The following conditions apply in particular: Flow rate SF6 30 standard cm3 / min Flow rate 02 20 standard cm3 / min High-frequency power density 0.8 W / cm2 Pressure 8 Pa Cathode voltage - 160 V Treatment time 90 min
The component is subsequently placed on the anode side on a copper-ceramic substrate with a soft solder with at least 70% lead, e.g. Pb-Sn (95: 5) soldered in an oven under high vacuum. The vacuum is about 10 Pa. The wettability of the aluminum was moderate at a soldering temperature of 420 K, but excellent at a temperature of 670 K.
In a second example, a semiconductor device is exposed to a plasma of freon and oxygen under the same conditions as before. The contact wires are then soldered with a conventional soldering iron with a soft solder with a maximum of 50% lead, e.g. Pb-Sn (40:60) soldered at a temperature between 470 K and 670 K, the best results being achieved at the higher temperature.
** WARNING ** End of DESC field could overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH6811/83A CH662007A5 (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | Method of soldering semiconductor components |
| DE19843442538 DE3442538A1 (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1984-11-22 | METHOD FOR SOLDERING SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH6811/83A CH662007A5 (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | Method of soldering semiconductor components |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH662007A5 true CH662007A5 (en) | 1987-08-31 |
Family
ID=4315391
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH6811/83A CH662007A5 (en) | 1983-12-21 | 1983-12-21 | Method of soldering semiconductor components |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH662007A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3442538A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109326530A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Solder conductors to aluminum metallization |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8821625D0 (en) * | 1988-09-15 | 1988-10-12 | Cookson Group Plc | Preparing articles for soldering |
| US4921157A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-05-01 | Microelectronics Center Of North Carolina | Fluxless soldering process |
| JPH03208355A (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-09-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Semiconductor device and manufacture thereof |
| DE4003070A1 (en) * | 1990-02-02 | 1991-08-08 | Telefunken Electronic Gmbh | Void-free solder joint of semiconductor die on substrate - by precoating die back surface with solder to form dome surface and attaching die by placing on substrate |
| DE4225378A1 (en) * | 1992-03-20 | 1993-09-23 | Linde Ag | METHOD FOR SOLDERING PCBS UNDER LOW PRESSURE |
| DE4316175A1 (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-17 | Daimler Benz Ag | Soldered connection and soldering method |
| US5407121A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-04-18 | Mcnc | Fluxless soldering of copper |
| US5499754A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1996-03-19 | Mcnc | Fluxless soldering sample pretreating system |
| US5615825A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-04-01 | Mcnc | Fluorinated fluxless soldering |
| US6013381A (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 2000-01-11 | Mcnc | Fluorinated fluxless soldering |
| DE10210217A1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-10-16 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Method of brazing aluminum |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3396454A (en) * | 1964-01-23 | 1968-08-13 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Method of forming ohmic contacts in semiconductor devices |
| FR1555176A (en) * | 1967-02-27 | 1969-01-24 | ||
| FR2150488A1 (en) * | 1971-08-26 | 1973-04-06 | Rca Corp | |
| DE2723933A1 (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1978-06-01 | Siemens Ag | Etching metal, esp. polycrystalline silicon or aluminium - with definite angle of slope by ion bombardment before plasma etching |
-
1983
- 1983-12-21 CH CH6811/83A patent/CH662007A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1984
- 1984-11-22 DE DE19843442538 patent/DE3442538A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3396454A (en) * | 1964-01-23 | 1968-08-13 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Method of forming ohmic contacts in semiconductor devices |
| FR1555176A (en) * | 1967-02-27 | 1969-01-24 | ||
| FR2150488A1 (en) * | 1971-08-26 | 1973-04-06 | Rca Corp | |
| DE2723933A1 (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1978-06-01 | Siemens Ag | Etching metal, esp. polycrystalline silicon or aluminium - with definite angle of slope by ion bombardment before plasma etching |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109326530A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Solder conductors to aluminum metallization |
| CN109326530B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2023-06-06 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Soldering conductors to aluminum metallization |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3442538A1 (en) | 1985-07-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased | ||
| PL | Patent ceased |