CH667758A5 - Electrical power loading reduction system for cooling plant - uses staggered operation of separate current loads to reduce overall max loading - Google Patents
Electrical power loading reduction system for cooling plant - uses staggered operation of separate current loads to reduce overall max loading Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH667758A5 CH667758A5 CH4487/85A CH448785A CH667758A5 CH 667758 A5 CH667758 A5 CH 667758A5 CH 4487/85 A CH4487/85 A CH 4487/85A CH 448785 A CH448785 A CH 448785A CH 667758 A5 CH667758 A5 CH 667758A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- time
- waste heat
- electricity
- electricity consumers
- operating
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
- H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
The electrical power loading reduction system allows the power reserve of a number of current loads, e.g. individual cooling appliances, to be used to reduce the max. overall pwer requirement. The operating and standing times of the different current loads are periodically regulated to reduce their simultaneous operation to a min. with identical overall running times over a given operating interval. Pref. the staggered operation of the individual current loads is effected via a programmed time switch with a number of different output channels for each of the loads, or by individual time switches for the respective loads. ADVANTAGE - Eliminates wide power loading fluctuations.
Description
BESCHREIBUNG
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren, wie es im unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1 umschrieben ist. Eine Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird nachstehend anhand der Figuren erläutert. In den Figuren zeigen:
Fig. 1 den konventionellen Betrieb von 2 regelmässig arbeitenden, autonomen Kälteaggregaten. Aggregat A weist eine Periode von 30 min und eine zeitliche Auslastung von nahezu 50% auf. Aggregat B weist eine Periode von 40 min und eine Auslastung von 50% auf.
Fig. 2 die resultierende Leistungsaufnahme bei konventionellem Betrieb, welche recht unregelmässig zwischen Null und der Spitzenlast von 10.1 kW schwankt.
Fig. 3 wie die Betriebsvorgabe die beiden Aggregate in einer Periode von 40 min abwechslungsweise je 20 min freigibt, um gleichzeitigen Betrieb zu vermeiden. Aggregat B läuft während der ganzen Freigabezeit, hingegen Aggregat A wird durch seinen Kühlraumthermostaten ausgeschaltet (Ziffer 1.1) bereits vor Ende der Freigabezeit (1.2).
Fig. 4 die resultierende .Leistungsaufnahme mit Betriebsvor gabe. Die maximale Leistungsaufnahme beträgt nur noch 5.2 kW.
Fig. 5 ein Blockschaltbild einer Anlage mit 6 Kältemaschinen (3.1-3.6). Die Schaltuhren der Betriebsvorgabe sind in Serie geschaltet zu den bestehenden Kühlraumthermostaten (2.1-2.6).
Viele in Betrieb stehende elektrische Apparate, insbesondere Kälteaggregate, weisen wesentliche Leistungsreserven und eine hohe Schalthäufigkeit auf. Die hohe auftretende Spitze der elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme (Fig. 2) führt zu hohen Leistungskosten bzw. Anschlussgebühren. Die Kälteaggregate werden von einem Thermostaten, der die Lufttemperatur im Kühlraum misst, ein- und ausgeschaltet. Die Wärmekapazität des Kühlguts ist in der Regel hoch, hingegen ist diejenige der Luft gering. Die Temperaturschwankungen im Kühlgut sind deshalb geringer als diejenigen der Luft.
Die Betriebsvorgabe wird aufgrund von Messungen an der in Betrieb stehenden Anlage ausgearbeitet, wobei folgende Betriebseigenschaften entscheidend sind: - zeitliche Auslastung - Schalthäufigkeit - Verlauf der Kühlguttemperatur
Die Betriebsvorgabe kann mittels einer Schaltuhr mit mehreren Ausgangs kanälen oder mehreren Schaltuhren mit wenigen Ausgangskanälen erfolgen.
Nach der Ausführung der Betriebsvorgabe werden die Kühlguttemperaturen während einer bestimmten Zeit registriert und mit den zulässigen Toleranzen verglichen. Nötigenfalls ist die Betriebsvorgabe zu modifizieren oder die Wärmekapazität des Kühlraums anzupassen.
Das Verfahren nützt somit die vorhandenen Leistungsreserven der Kälteaggregate und die Wärmekapazität des Kühlguts bzw. des Kühlraums aus. Die summarischen Laufzeiten der Aggregate werden mit der periodischen Betriebsvorgabe beibehalten. Die Betriebsvorgabe verhindert oder reduziert hingegen die zufällige Betriebsgleichzeitigkeit der Aggregate oder Gruppen.
Es wird somit insgesamt eine ausgeglichene Leistungsaufnahme ohne Leistungsspitzen erreicht (Fig. 4).
Bei entsprechender Programmierung der Betriebsvorgabe kann im weiteren erreicht werden: - Es kann eine gewisse Verlagerung des Stromverbrauchs von der Hochtarif- in die Niedertarifzeit stattfinden.
- In Betrieben mit ausgeprägten, regelmässigen und kurzen Spitzenlastzeiten, kann die Betriebsvorgabe durch kurzfristige Sperrung der Kälteaggregate die max. Leistungsaufnahme und die Leistungskosten besonders stark senken.
- Bei Anlagen mit installierter Abwärmeverwertung, kann ein ausgeglichenes Wärmeangebot erreicht werden. Die jährliche Betriebszeit der vollen Abwärmenutzung wird verlängert und das Pendeln der Wärmeverbraucher-Regelungen weitgehend verhindert. Ausserdem ist es möglich, Menge und Zeitpunkt der anfallenden Abwärme günstig zu beeinflussen.
- Mittels der Betriebsvorgabe können die Betriebs- und Stillstandszeiten erhöht und damit die Lebensdauer der Anlagen verlängert werden.
- Die Stromversorgung wird ausgeglichener belastet, was für die Stromproduzenten und Verteilnetze von Vorteil ist.
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a method as described in independent claim 1. An embodiment of the method is explained below with reference to the figures. The figures show:
Fig. 1 shows the conventional operation of 2 regularly working, autonomous refrigeration units. Aggregate A has a period of 30 minutes and a time utilization of almost 50%. Aggregate B has a period of 40 minutes and a load of 50%.
Fig. 2 shows the resulting power consumption in conventional operation, which fluctuates quite irregularly between zero and the peak load of 10.1 kW.
Fig. 3 as the operating specification releases the two units alternately in a period of 40 min each 20 min to avoid simultaneous operation. Unit B runs during the entire release time, however unit A is switched off by its cold room thermostat (section 1.1) before the end of the release time (1.2).
Fig. 4 shows the resulting. Power consumption with operation. The maximum power consumption is only 5.2 kW.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a system with 6 chillers (3.1-3.6). The time switches of the operating instructions are connected in series with the existing cold room thermostats (2.1-2.6).
Many electrical devices in operation, in particular refrigeration units, have substantial power reserves and a high switching frequency. The high peak of electrical power consumption (FIG. 2) leads to high power costs or connection fees. The refrigeration units are switched on and off by a thermostat that measures the air temperature in the refrigerator. The heat capacity of the refrigerated goods is usually high, but that of the air is low. The temperature fluctuations in the refrigerated goods are therefore less than those in the air.
The operating specification is worked out on the basis of measurements on the system in operation, the following operating characteristics being decisive: - time utilization - switching frequency - course of the temperature of the refrigerated goods
The operating specification can be made using a time switch with several output channels or several time switches with few output channels.
After executing the operating specification, the refrigerated goods temperatures are registered for a certain time and compared with the permissible tolerances. If necessary, the operating specification must be modified or the heat capacity of the cold room adjusted.
The method thus uses the existing power reserves of the refrigeration units and the heat capacity of the refrigerated goods or the cold room. The aggregate running times of the units are retained with the periodic operating specification. The operating specification, on the other hand, prevents or reduces the random simultaneous operation of the units or groups.
A balanced power consumption without power peaks is thus achieved overall (FIG. 4).
With appropriate programming of the operating specification, the following can also be achieved: - There can be a certain shift in electricity consumption from the high tariff to the low tariff time.
- In companies with pronounced, regular and short peak load times, the operating default can be the max. Power consumption and the power costs cut particularly strongly.
- In systems with installed waste heat recovery, a balanced heat supply can be achieved. The annual operating time of the full use of waste heat is extended and the oscillation of the heat consumer regulations is largely prevented. In addition, it is possible to favorably influence the amount and time of the waste heat generated.
- The operating time and downtimes can be increased by means of the operating specification and thus the service life of the systems can be extended.
- The electricity supply is more balanced, which is an advantage for electricity producers and distribution networks.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH4487/85A CH667758A5 (en) | 1985-10-18 | 1985-10-18 | Electrical power loading reduction system for cooling plant - uses staggered operation of separate current loads to reduce overall max loading |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH4487/85A CH667758A5 (en) | 1985-10-18 | 1985-10-18 | Electrical power loading reduction system for cooling plant - uses staggered operation of separate current loads to reduce overall max loading |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH667758A5 true CH667758A5 (en) | 1988-10-31 |
Family
ID=4277025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH4487/85A CH667758A5 (en) | 1985-10-18 | 1985-10-18 | Electrical power loading reduction system for cooling plant - uses staggered operation of separate current loads to reduce overall max loading |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH667758A5 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999034160A1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-08 | The Coca-Cola Company | Master/slave compressor control system for refrigerated vending machine |
| WO2002048615A3 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2003-01-09 | Honeywell Int Inc | Fault-tolerant multi-node stage sequencer and method for energy systems |
-
1985
- 1985-10-18 CH CH4487/85A patent/CH667758A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999034160A1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-08 | The Coca-Cola Company | Master/slave compressor control system for refrigerated vending machine |
| WO2002048615A3 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2003-01-09 | Honeywell Int Inc | Fault-tolerant multi-node stage sequencer and method for energy systems |
| US6745085B2 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2004-06-01 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fault-tolerant multi-node stage sequencer and method for energy systems |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased |