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CH554668A - ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT. - Google Patents

ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT.

Info

Publication number
CH554668A
CH554668A CH655773A CH655773A CH554668A CH 554668 A CH554668 A CH 554668A CH 655773 A CH655773 A CH 655773A CH 655773 A CH655773 A CH 655773A CH 554668 A CH554668 A CH 554668A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
endoprosthesis
hip
socket
ball socket
head
Prior art date
Application number
CH655773A
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
Saratovskij G Med Inst
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US00358320A priority Critical patent/US3818512A/en
Application filed by Saratovskij G Med Inst filed Critical Saratovskij G Med Inst
Priority to DE2323456A priority patent/DE2323456A1/en
Priority to CH655773A priority patent/CH554668A/en
Priority to GB2206273A priority patent/GB1415736A/en
Priority to FR7322734A priority patent/FR2233976B1/fr
Publication of CH554668A publication Critical patent/CH554668A/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30721Accessories
    • A61F2/30739Devices connected to the proximal part of an endoprosthetic femoral shaft for reinforcing or replacing the trochanters, e.g. the greater trochanter
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/367Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108Shapes
    • A61F2002/3011Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30138Convex polygonal shapes
    • A61F2002/30154Convex polygonal shapes square
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A61F2002/30354Cylindrically-shaped protrusion and recess, e.g. cylinder of circular basis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A61F2002/30362Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
    • A61F2002/30364Rotation about the common longitudinal axis
    • A61F2002/30367Rotation about the common longitudinal axis with additional means for preventing said rotation
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30405Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by screwing complementary threads machined on the parts themselves
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
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    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30507Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a threaded locking member, e.g. a locking screw or a set screw
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30537Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
    • A61F2002/30538Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting angular orientation
    • A61F2002/3054Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable for adjusting angular orientation about a connection axis or implantation axis for selecting any one of a plurality of radial orientations between two modular parts, e.g. Morse taper connections, at discrete positions, angular positions or continuous positions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30594Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for slotted, e.g. radial or meridian slot ending in a polar aperture, non-polar slots, horizontal or arcuate slots
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    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • A61F2002/30845Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes with cutting edges
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    • A61F2002/3678Geometrical features
    • A61F2002/368Geometrical features with lateral apertures, bores, holes or openings, e.g. for reducing the mass, for receiving fixation screws or for communicating with the inside of a hollow shaft
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/0033Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0017Angular shapes
    • A61F2230/0021Angular shapes square

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

  

  
 



   Die Erfindung betrifft ein künstliches Hüftgelenk, welches auf operativem Wege als Hüftprothese in den Körper eingesetzt werden kann.



   Derartige Hüftgelenke dienen   fü    für die Wiederherstellung der Beweglichkeit des Hüftgelenkes bei Verlust infolge der Bechterewschen Krankheit, der verformenden Arthrose, der rheumatischen Arthritis, der aseptischen Nekrose des Schenkelkopfes sowie mancher Schenkelhalsfrakturen bei bejahrten Personen.



   Es ist bereits ein künstliches Hüftgelenk bekannt, welches eine Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne und eine Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende umfasst, wobei die letztere aus einem Kopf, einem Hals und einem für die Einführung in den Hüftknochenkanal bestimmten Stift besteht.



   Hierbei kann der konstruktive Aufbau der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne unterschiedlich sein, sei es die Gestaltung der Aussenfläche oder die der Innenfläche, die in Berührung mit dem Kopf der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende kommen soll.



   Die Aussenfläche der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne ist gemäss einer der Ausführungsformen des künstlichen Hüftgelenkes mit einer langen Schraube versehen, die durch die Hüftpfanne in den Darmbeinflügel eingeschraubt wird. In dieser Weise erzielt man die Fixierung der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne im Becken.



   Die Innenfläche der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne ist hemisphärisch, und der Kopf der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende taucht darin bis zu seinem Durchmesser ein, ohne hierbei irgendwie befestigt zu werden.



   Diesem konstruktiven Aufbau haften als Mangel eine komplizierte Einführungstechnik der langen Schraube in den Darmbeinflügel, eine mögliche Lockerung dieser Schraube und eine mögliche Ausrenkung der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende aus der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne an.



   Es ist weiterhin ein künstliches Hüftgelenk bekannt, das einen Befestigungsteil für einen Pfannenteil umfasst, der auf seiner Aussenfläche Dorne aufweist. Diese Dorne werden in das Knochengewebe einzementiert, tragen zu einer besseren Fixierung der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne bei.



   Die Innenfläche des Pfannenteiles ist zur Aufnahme des Kopfes der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende hemisphärisch ausgestaltet.



   Dieser Konstruktion ist der Nachteil eigen, dass zur Fixierung des Befestigungsteiles Zement verwendet wird, und dass die Möglichkeit der Ausrückung der Endoprothese besteht.



   Die Aussenfläche der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne kann dabei Rippen mit Öffnungen zum Hineinwachsen des Knochengewebes aufweisen.



   Die Innenfläche des Befestigungsteiles besitzt eine Aussparung zur Aufnahme der aus zwei gleichen Hälften bestehenden Kugelpfanne. Die Form der Aussenfläche der Kugelpfanne ist komplementär zur Aussparung, während die Innenfläche sphärisch ausgebildet ist und den sphärischen Kopf der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende derart umfasst, dass die Berührungsfläche grösser als die Hemisphäre des Kopfes ist.



   Die besprochenen Kugelpfannenhalter sind dazu da, um eine Verbindung der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne mit der für das proximale Hüftende zu bewirken. Erreicht wird dies durch Stauchen der Enden des Kugelpfannenhalters seitens der Aussenfläche der Endoprothese. In dieser Weise erzielt man eine untrennbare Verbindung.



   Die Nachteile dieser künstlichen Gelenke bestehen darin, dass sie sich bei der Operation nicht ohne Schwierigkeit einbringen lassen und ihre Einheiten nicht austauschbar sind.



  Dazu kommt, dass sich für die Anfertigung der Endoprothesen nur stauchbare Werkstoffe eignen.



   Somit sind die einen der bekannten künstlichen Hüftgelenke trennbar, ohne aber eine Ausrenkung des Kopfes der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende aus der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne zu verhindern, während die anderen bekannten künstlichen Hüftgelenke untrennbar ausgeführt und daher nicht nur während der Operation, sondern auch bei einem eventuellen Austauschen eines der Bestandteile des künstlichen Hüftgelenkes schwer zu handhaben sind.



   Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein künstliches Hüftgelenk zu schaffen, welches teilbar ist und sich bei der Operation zusammenbauen lässt sowie eine Ausrenkung der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende aus der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne ausschliesst, wobei der konstruktive Aufbau eine breitere Wahl der Werkstoffe unabhängig von deren Stauchbarkeit zulassen soll.



   Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass bei dem künstlichen Hüftgelenk, bestehend aus einer Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne, die einen im Knochengewebe des Beckens fixierbaren Belastungsteil sowie eine in diesen Teil einsetzbare Ku   gelpfanne    umfasst, und einer Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende, die einen Kugelkopf umfasst, welcher durch einen Hals mit einem für die Einführung in den Hüftknochenkanal bestimmten Stift fest verbunden ist, gemäss der Erfindung die Höhe der sphärischen Höhlung der Kugelpfanne mehr als den Halbmesser und weniger als den Durchmesser des Kugelkopfes beträgt, dass der Rand der Kugelpfanne zur Bildung vorformbarer Stege Einschnitte aufweist, und dass die Kugelpfanne in der sie aufnehmenden Vertiefung des   Befestigungs-    teiles mittels einer selbstsichernden Mutter befestigbar ist.



   Das erfindungsgemässe künstliche Hüftgelenk verfügt über eine Reihe Vorzüge, insbesondere ermöglicht es, während der Operation die Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne und die Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende getrennt einzubringen. Durch solch eine getrennte Einbringung kann eine genaue und feste Fixierung innerhalb des Knochens erzielt werden. Gegebenenfalls braucht nur eine dieser Endoprothesen ausgewechselt werden.



   Eine Ausrenkung der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende aus der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne ist ausgeschlossen, weil die beiden Endoprpthesen sicher miteinander verbunden sind.



   Die Konstruktion der Kugelpfanne, bei welcher am Rand Einschnitte zur Bildung verformbarer Stege ausgebildet sind, ermöglicht die Verwendung einer breiteren Palette an Werkstoffen für die Herstellung der Endoprothese und trägt zur Verringerung der Reibung an den Gelenken bei.



   Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der konkreten Ausführungsform mit Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erläutert, in denen zeigt:
Fig. 1 eine Gesamtansicht eines teilweise geschnittenen erfindungsgemässen künstlichen Hüftgelenkes,
Fig. 2 dito im zerlegten Zustand,
Fig. 3 dito, Ansicht nach Pfeil A der Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 dito, Ansicht nach Pfeil B der Fig. 2,
Fig. 5 dito, Ansicht nach Pfeil C der Fig. 2.

 

   Das künstliche Hüftgelenk umfasst eine Endoprothese 13 (Fig. 1, 2) für die Hüftpfanne des Kranken, deren äussere Form für die Fixierung im Knochengewebe des Beckens angeeignet ist, und eine Endoprothese 2 für das proximale Hüftende, wobei diese beiden Endoprothesen gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind.



   Die Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne weist aussen eine Reihe von Rippen 3 mit abgeschrägten Enden auf, welche stufenförmig übereinander angeordnet sind und Zwischenräume 4 zum Hineinwachsen des Knochengewebes des Bekkens freilassen. Im Befestigungsteil 1 der Endoprothese (Fig. 2) für die Hüftpfanne ist eine Aussparung 5 vorgesehen, deren komplizierte Gestalt aus einer zylindrischen und  einer kegelförmigen Fläche zusammengesetzt ist. Diese Aussparung kann durchgehend, wie das die Zeichnung erkennen lässt, bzw. nicht durchgehend sein. Der distale Teil der Aussparung ist mit einem Gewinde 6 versehen.



   Die Endoprothese 2 für das proximale Hüftende besitzt einen Kopf 7 (Fig. 1, 2) mit sphärischer Oberfläche, der durch den Hals 8 mit einem spitzen, für die Einführung in den Hüftknochenkanal bestimmten Stift 9 fest verbunden ist. Für das Hineinwachsen des Knochengewebes in den Stift 9 hat dieser Öffnungen 10. Im proximalen Bereich geht der Stift 9 in einen Auflageteller 11 über, der einen Bolzen 12 zur Befestigung des grossen Rollhügels trägt.



   Zwecks einer gelenkigen Verbindung der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne mit der für das proximale Hüftende ist zwischen dem Kopf 7 und dem Befestigungsteil 1 eine Kugelpfanne 13 vorgesehen. Die Aussenfläche der Kugelpfanne 13 ist komplementär zur Aussparung 5 bis auf eine Abschrägung im distalen Bereich.



   Die Höhe der Kugelpfannenhöhlung (Fig. 2) beträgt mehr als den Halbmesser und weniger als den Durchmesser des Kopfes 7. Im distalen Bereich weist die Pfanne 13 (Fig. 2, 3) Ausschnitte 14 bis zum Durchmesser der sphärischen Höhlung auf, wobei die zwischen diesen Einschnitten 14 verbleibenden Stege 15 den Kopf 7 umfassen.



   Die Pfanne 13 (Fig. 2) wird in der Aussparung 5 mit einer selbstsichernden Mutter 16 fixiert, deren Aussenfläche mit einem Gewinde 17 versehen ist, welches dem Gewinde 6 der Aussparung 5 des Befestigungsteiles 1 entspricht. Die Innenfläche der Mutter 16 ist entsprechend der Abschrägung im distalen Teil der Aussenfläche der Kugelpfanne abgeschrägt.



  Die Mutter 16 besitzt eine Sicherungseinrichtung, die aus einem Längsschnitt 18 und einer Schraube 19 besteht.



   Der kleinste Innendurchmesser der Mutter 16 ist grösser als der des Kopfes 7 der Endoprothese 2 für das proximale Hüftende.



   Falls der genannte Durchmesser der Mutter 16 geringer sein muss als der Durchmesser des Kopfes 7 (z. B. wenn bei Verwendung einer Kugelpfanne 13 deren Werkstoff unter Druck zu fliessen beginnt), muss sie beim Zusammenbau der Endoprothese 2 für das proximale Hüftende zuvor über den Hals 8 oder von seiten des distalen Endes des Stiftes 9 aufgeschoben werden, wozu die Abmessungen des Auflagetellers 11 zu reduzieren sind.



   Zu einem besseren Einschrauben bzw. Loslösen verfügt die Mutter 16 (Fig. 2, 4) über vier Flügel 20.



   In Fig. 3 ist die Pfanne 13 von der Seite des distalen Endes mit den Einschnitten 14 her wiedergegeben, die am Umfang dergestalt verteilt sind, dass Einschnitte 14 in der Arbeitszone, die beim Gehen am meisten beansprucht wird, fehlen.



   An ihrem proximalen Ende besitzt die Pfanne 13 (Fig. 1,
2 und 5) einen vierkantigen Ansatz 21 zum Einsetzen in eine entsprechende Öffnung 22 (Fig. 2) des Befestigungsteiles 1.



   Durch die Gestalt des Ansatzes 21 und der Öffnung 22 wird eine Drehung der Einlage 13 innerhalb des Befestigungsteiles
1 verhindert. Falls aber die Pfanne aus einem Werkstoff ange fertigt wird, welcher zum Fliessen neigt, darf kein Ansatz vor handen sein.



   Das erfindungsgemässe künstliche Hüftgelenk wird wäh   irgend    der Operation in den Körper des Kranken   folgendernlas    sen eingebracht.



   Vor der Operation befindet sich das künstliche Hüftgelenk im zerlegten Zustand, d. h., man trennte zuvor den Befesti gungsteil 1 (Fig. 2) von der Endoprothese 2 für das proxi   male    Hüftende und der Kugelpfanne 13 durch Lösen der selbst sichernden Mutter 16. Der Befestigungsteil 1 wird in eine zu vor geformte Vertiefung im Knochengewebe des Beckens des
Kranken eingeschlagen. Anschliessend schlägt man die Endo prothese 2 für das proximale Hüftende zusammen mit der
Kugelpfanne 13 und der Mutter 16 in den jeweils vorbereite ten Hüftknochenkanal des Patienten ein, wobei die Pfanne 13 und die Mutter 16 zuvor auf den Kopf 7 bzw. den Hals 8 auf gesetzt worden sind. Dann setzt man in den Befestigungsteil 1 die Kugelpfanne 13 mit dem Kopf 7 ein, die mittels der selbstsichernden Mutter 16 fixiert wird.

 

   Durch das beschriebene künstliche Hüftgelenk wird das operative Vorgehen erleichtert, die Austauschbarkeit der
Einheiten gesichert, die Palette der für die Herstellung der
Endoprothese dienenden Werkstoffe, die die Reibung an den   Gelenkflächen    vermindern, verbreitert und das Risiko einer Ausrenkung der Endoprothese für das proximale Hüft ende aus der Endoprothese für die Hüftpfanne ausgeschlos sen. 



  
 



   The invention relates to an artificial hip joint which can be surgically inserted into the body as a hip prosthesis.



   Such hip joints are used for restoring the mobility of the hip joint in the event of loss as a result of Bechterew's disease, deforming arthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and some femoral neck fractures in elderly people.



   An artificial hip joint is already known which comprises an endoprosthesis for the acetabulum and an endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip, the latter consisting of a head, a neck and a pin intended for insertion into the hip bone canal.



   Here, the structural design of the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum can be different, be it the design of the outer surface or that of the inner surface that is to come into contact with the head of the endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip.



   According to one of the embodiments of the artificial hip joint, the outer surface of the endoprosthesis for the hip socket is provided with a long screw which is screwed through the hip socket into the iliac wing. In this way the fixation of the endoprosthesis for the hip socket in the pelvis is achieved.



   The inner surface of the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum is hemispherical, and the head of the endoprosthesis for the proximal hip end dips into it up to its diameter without being fastened in any way.



   The deficiency of this structural design is a complicated technique for introducing the long screw into the iliac wing, a possible loosening of this screw and a possible dislocation of the endoprosthesis for the proximal hip end from the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum.



   Furthermore, an artificial hip joint is known which comprises a fastening part for a socket part which has spikes on its outer surface. These spikes are cemented into the bone tissue and contribute to a better fixation of the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum.



   The inner surface of the socket part is designed hemispherically to accommodate the head of the endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip.



   This construction has the disadvantage that cement is used to fix the fastening part and that the endoprosthesis can be disengaged.



   The outer surface of the endoprosthesis for the hip socket can have ribs with openings for the bone tissue to grow into.



   The inner surface of the fastening part has a recess for receiving the ball socket consisting of two identical halves. The shape of the outer surface of the ball socket is complementary to the recess, while the inner surface is spherical and includes the spherical head of the endoprosthesis for the proximal hip end in such a way that the contact surface is larger than the hemisphere of the head.



   The ball socket holders discussed are there to effect a connection between the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum and that for the proximal end of the hip. This is achieved by upsetting the ends of the ball socket holder on the part of the outer surface of the endoprosthesis. In this way an inseparable bond is achieved.



   The disadvantages of these artificial joints are that they cannot be inserted without difficulty during the operation and their units are not interchangeable.



  In addition, only compressible materials are suitable for the production of the endoprostheses.



   Thus, one of the known artificial hip joints can be separated without preventing the head of the endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip from dislocating from the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum, while the other known artificial hip joints are inseparable and therefore not only during the operation, but also during a possible replacement of one of the components of the artificial hip joint are difficult to handle.



   The invention is based on the object of creating an artificial hip joint that can be divided and assembled during the operation and that the endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip does not dislocate from the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum, the structural design being independent of a wider choice of materials of their compressibility should allow.



   The object is achieved in that in the case of the artificial hip joint, consisting of an endoprosthesis for the hip socket, which includes a load part that can be fixed in the bone tissue of the pelvis and a ball socket that can be inserted into this part, and an endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip, which includes a ball head , which is firmly connected by a neck with a pin intended for insertion into the hip bone canal, according to the invention the height of the spherical cavity of the ball socket is more than the radius and less than the diameter of the ball head, so that the edge of the ball socket is preformable to form Has webs incisions, and that the ball socket can be fastened in the recess of the fastening part that receives it by means of a self-locking nut.



   The artificial hip joint according to the invention has a number of advantages, in particular it enables the endoprosthesis for the hip socket and the endoprosthesis for the proximal hip end to be introduced separately during the operation. By such a separate introduction, an accurate and firm fixation within the bone can be achieved. If necessary, only one of these endoprostheses needs to be replaced.



   Dislocation of the endoprosthesis for the proximal end of the hip from the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum is impossible because the two endoprostheses are securely connected to one another.



   The construction of the ball socket, in which incisions are formed on the edge to form deformable webs, enables the use of a wider range of materials for the manufacture of the endoprosthesis and contributes to reducing the friction on the joints.



   In the following the invention is explained on the basis of the specific embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which:
1 shows an overall view of a partially sectioned artificial hip joint according to the invention,
Fig. 2 ditto in the disassembled state,
3 ditto, view according to arrow A of FIG. 2,
Fig. 4 ditto, view according to arrow B of Fig. 2,
FIG. 5 ditto, view according to arrow C in FIG. 2.

 

   The artificial hip joint comprises an endoprosthesis 13 (Fig. 1, 2) for the patient's hip socket, the outer shape of which is suitable for fixation in the bone tissue of the pelvis, and an endoprosthesis 2 for the proximal end of the hip, these two endoprostheses being articulated to one another .



   The endoprosthesis for the acetabulum has on the outside a row of ribs 3 with beveled ends, which are arranged one above the other in steps and leave spaces 4 free for the bone tissue of the pelvis to grow in. In the fastening part 1 of the endoprosthesis (FIG. 2) for the acetabulum, a recess 5 is provided, the complicated shape of which is composed of a cylindrical and a conical surface. This recess can be continuous, as the drawing shows, or not continuous. The distal part of the recess is provided with a thread 6.



   The endoprosthesis 2 for the proximal end of the hip has a head 7 (FIGS. 1, 2) with a spherical surface which is firmly connected through the neck 8 to a pointed pin 9 intended for insertion into the hip bone canal. For the bone tissue to grow into the pin 9, it has openings 10. In the proximal area, the pin 9 merges into a support plate 11 which carries a bolt 12 for fastening the large rolling hill.



   For the purpose of an articulated connection of the endoprosthesis for the hip socket with that for the proximal end of the hip, a ball socket 13 is provided between the head 7 and the fastening part 1. The outer surface of the ball socket 13 is complementary to the recess 5 except for a bevel in the distal area.



   The height of the ball socket cavity (Fig. 2) is more than the radius and less than the diameter of the head 7. In the distal area, the socket 13 (Fig. 2, 3) has cutouts 14 up to the diameter of the spherical cavity, with the between These incisions 14 remaining webs 15 include the head 7.



   The socket 13 (FIG. 2) is fixed in the recess 5 with a self-locking nut 16, the outer surface of which is provided with a thread 17 which corresponds to the thread 6 of the recess 5 of the fastening part 1. The inner surface of the nut 16 is beveled in accordance with the bevel in the distal part of the outer surface of the ball socket.



  The nut 16 has a safety device which consists of a longitudinal cut 18 and a screw 19.



   The smallest inner diameter of the nut 16 is larger than that of the head 7 of the endoprosthesis 2 for the proximal end of the hip.



   If the mentioned diameter of the nut 16 has to be smaller than the diameter of the head 7 (e.g. if the material starts to flow under pressure when a ball socket 13 is used), it must first be over the when assembling the endoprosthesis 2 for the proximal end of the hip Neck 8 or be pushed on from the side of the distal end of the pin 9, for which purpose the dimensions of the support plate 11 are to be reduced.



   The nut 16 (FIGS. 2, 4) has four wings 20 for better screwing in or loosening.



   In Fig. 3 the socket 13 is shown from the side of the distal end with the incisions 14, which are distributed on the circumference in such a way that incisions 14 are missing in the work zone, which is most stressed when walking.



   At its proximal end, the socket 13 (Fig. 1,
2 and 5) a square extension 21 for insertion into a corresponding opening 22 (FIG. 2) of the fastening part 1.



   The shape of the projection 21 and the opening 22 rotates the insert 13 within the fastening part
1 prevented. However, if the pan is made of a material that tends to flow, there must not be any approach.



   The artificial hip joint according to the invention is introduced into the patient's body during any operation.



   Before the operation, the artificial hip joint is in the disassembled state, i. h., You separated the fastening supply part 1 (Fig. 2) from the endoprosthesis 2 for the proxi male hip end and the ball socket 13 by loosening the self-locking nut 16. The fastening part 1 is in a pre-shaped recess in the bone tissue of the pelvis of
Hit sick. Then suggest the endoprosthesis 2 for the proximal end of the hip together with the
Ball socket 13 and the nut 16 in the respective vorbereite th hip bone canal of the patient, the socket 13 and the nut 16 have previously been placed on the head 7 and the neck 8. The ball socket 13 with the head 7, which is fixed by means of the self-locking nut 16, is then inserted into the fastening part 1.

 

   The described artificial hip joint facilitates the surgical procedure, the interchangeability of the
Units secured the range of for the manufacture of the
Endoprosthesis serving materials, which reduce the friction on the joint surfaces, widened and the risk of dislocation of the endoprosthesis for the proximal hip end from the endoprosthesis for the acetabulum excluded.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH PATENT CLAIM Künstliches Hüftgelenk, bestehend aus einer Endopro these für die Hüftpfanne, die einen im Knochengewebe des Beckens fixierbaren Befestigungsteil sowie eine in diesen Teil einsetzbare Kugelpfanne umfasst, und einer Endoprothese für das proximale Hüftende, die einen Kugelkopf umfasst, wel cher durch einen Hals mit einem für die Einführung in den Hüftknochenkanal bestimmten Stift fest verbunden ist, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe der sphärischen Höh lung der Kugelpfanne (13) mehr als den Halbmesser und we niger als den Durchmesser des Kugelkopfes (7) beträgt, dass der Rand der Kugelpfanne (13) zur Bildung verformbarer Stege Einschnitte (14) aufweist, und dass die Kugelpfanne (13) in der sie aufnehmenden Vertiefung (5) des Befesti gungsteiles (1) mittels einer selbstsichernden Mutter (16) befestigbar ist. Artificial hip joint, consisting of an endoprosthesis for the acetabulum, which is placed in the bone tissue of the Basin fixable fastening part and a ball socket which can be inserted into this part, and an endoprosthesis for the proximal hip end, which comprises a ball head, wel cher through a neck with a for insertion into the Hip bone canal is firmly connected to the specific pin, characterized in that the height of the spherical Höh development of the ball socket (13) is more than the radius and less than the diameter of the ball head (7) that the edge of the ball socket (13) to form more deformable Has webs incisions (14), and that the ball socket (13) in the receiving recess (5) of the fastening part (1) can be fastened by means of a self-locking nut (16).
CH655773A 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT. CH554668A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00358320A US3818512A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-08 Artificial hip-joint with detachable insert
DE2323456A DE2323456A1 (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT
CH655773A CH554668A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT.
GB2206273A GB1415736A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 Artificial hip-joints
FR7322734A FR2233976B1 (en) 1973-05-08 1973-06-21

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00358320A US3818512A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-08 Artificial hip-joint with detachable insert
DE2323456A DE2323456A1 (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT
CH655773A CH554668A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT.
GB2206273A GB1415736A (en) 1973-05-08 1973-05-09 Artificial hip-joints
FR7322734A FR2233976B1 (en) 1973-05-08 1973-06-21

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CH554668A true CH554668A (en) 1974-10-15

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US (1) US3818512A (en)
CH (1) CH554668A (en)
DE (1) DE2323456A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2233976B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1415736A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3818512A (en) 1974-06-25
GB1415736A (en) 1975-11-26
FR2233976A1 (en) 1975-01-17
DE2323456A1 (en) 1974-11-21
FR2233976B1 (en) 1976-06-18

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